Consumer Price Index, December 2017
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Released: 2018-01-26
December 2017
1.9% 
(12-month change)
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased 1.9% on a year-over-year basis in December, following a 2.1% gain in November. The all-items excluding gasoline index rose 1.5% year over year in December, matching the increase in November.
Chart 1
The 12-month change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the CPI excluding gasoline
12-month change in the major components
Prices were up in seven of the eight major CPI components in the 12 months to December, with the transportation and shelter indexes contributing the most to the increase. The household operations, furnishings and equipment index declined 0.3% on a year-over-year basis.
Chart 2
Consumer prices increase in seven of the eight major components
Consumer prices for transportation rose 4.9% on a year-over-year basis in December, following a 5.9% increase in November. The movement in transportation prices was led by gasoline, which rose 12.2% year over year in December, after increasing 19.6% the previous month. The purchase of passenger vehicles index increased 3.7% in the 12-month period ending in December.
The shelter index grew 1.4% on a year-over-year basis in December, after increasing 1.2% in November. The natural gas index contributed to the gain in this major component, up 6.2% in December following a 3.1% increase in November.
Consumers paid 2.0% more for food in December compared with the same month the previous year. Food purchased from stores was up 1.5% in the 12 months to December. On a year-over-year basis, higher prices for fresh vegetables (+6.9%) contributed the most to the increase. Prices for food purchased from restaurants rose 2.9% year over year in December.
Household operations, furnishings and equipment costs fell 0.3% on a year-over-year basis in December, after increasing 0.9% in November. This decline was largely due to price decreases in telephone services, down 5.0% year over year in December.
12-month change in the provinces
Consumer prices rose less on a year-over-year basis in eight provinces in December than they did in November. New Brunswick (+2.9%) and Quebec (+1.8%) were the only provinces to post a larger increase on a year-over-year basis in December, compared with the previous month.
Chart 3
Consumer prices rise at a slower rate in eight provinces
The CPI in Alberta rose 2.0% in December on a year-over-year basis, after increasing 2.5% in November. On a month-over-month basis, the gasoline index (-6.8%) in Alberta declined the most among the provinces. Consumers paid higher prices for natural gas (+5.1%) year over year in December.
Consumer prices in Ontario increased 1.5% in the 12 months to December, following a 1.9% gain in November. The telephone services index decreased 6.5% year over year after increasing 3.3% in November, contributing to the slower growth of the CPI in Ontario. Traveller accommodation prices rose 3.0% year over year in December, following a 4.7% increase in November.
The CPI in New Brunswick rose 2.9% in December on a year-over-year basis, after increasing 2.7% in November. Among the provinces, New Brunswick recorded the largest price gain for dairy products, up 2.6% in the 12 months to December. This movement was largely attributable to a monthly decline one year earlier which no longer factors into the 12-month movement.
Seasonally adjusted monthly Consumer Price Index
On a seasonally adjusted monthly basis, the CPI increased 0.2% in December, following a 0.5% gain in November.
In December, six major components increased, while two declined. The transportation index (+0.6%) recorded the largest gain, while the household operations, furnishings and equipment index (-1.1%) registered the largest decrease.
Chart 4
Seasonally adjusted monthly Consumer Price Index
Note to readers
A seasonally adjusted series is one from which seasonal movements have been eliminated. Users employing Consumer Price Index (CPI) data for indexation purposes are advised to use the unadjusted indexes. For more information on seasonal adjustment, see Seasonally adjusted data – Frequently asked questions.
Upcoming publication of additional sub-indexes
On March 23, 2018, with the release of the February CPI, Statistics Canada will publish additional CPI sub-indexes providing an increased level of detail at lower levels of aggregation, which will be available in CANSIM tables 326-0020, 326-0021 and 326-0031.
Real-time CANSIM tables
Real-time CANSIM table 326-8023 will be updated on February 12, 2018. For more information, consult the document Real-time CANSIM tables.
Next release
The CPI for January 2018 will be released on February 23, 2018.
Products
The December 2017 issue of The Consumer Price Index, Vol. 96, no. 12 (62-001-X) is now available.
More information about the concepts and use of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) is available in The Canadian Consumer Price Index Reference Paper (62-553-X).
For information on the history of the CPI in Canada, consult the publication Exploring the First Century of Canada's Consumer Price Index (62-604-X).
Two videos, "An Overview of Canada's Consumer Price Index (CPI)" and "The Consumer Price Index and Your Experience of Price Change," are available on Statistics Canada's YouTube channel.
Contact information
For more information, or to enquire about the concepts, methods or data quality of this release, contact us (toll-free 1-800-263-1136; 514-283-8300; STATCAN.infostats-infostats.STATCAN@canada.ca) or Media Relations (613-951-4636; STATCAN.mediahotline-ligneinfomedias.STATCAN@canada.ca).
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