Overrepresentation of Indigenous and Black adults in provincial and federal custody, 2019/2020 to 2023/2024

The average daily count data provides the number of adults within a population in custody on an average day of the year. The incarceration rate measures the proportion of a population in custody, on an average day of the year. The overrepresentation index calculates the relative difference between the rates of various populations, such as Indigenous and non-Indigenous adults, Indigenous and white adults, and Black and white adults, by controlling for age and gender differences between populations. The custodial involvement rate is the measure of the proportion of a specific population experiencing custody over a reference period. The measure identifies the number of persons spending at least one day in custody during the reference period for a defined population then calculates the percentage of the population experiencing incarceration.