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The 1800s (1806 to 1871)

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As a result of the discontinuation of E-STAT, some of the links to the tables available in the publication 98-187-X Introduction to Censuses of Canada, 1665-1871 were broken. The tables can be requested via the Statistics Canada’s Data Liberation Initiative (http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/dli/dli). For the convenience of users, the tables are also available on the Queen’s University website: (http://library.queensu.ca/data/census-1665-1871). The website is in English as Queen’s University is not subject to the Official Languages Act.

Estimate of the population of Lower Canada for 1822
Statistical statement of 1827
1837--Population of Upper Canada : 397,489.
1851-52--Population of Upper Canada : 952,004.

1806--Population of New Brunswick, about 35,000.
(Bouchette--The British Dominions, Vol. II., page 235.)

1806--Population of Prince Edward Island, so named in 1798-1800 : 9,676.
(Bouchette--The British Dominions, Vol. II., page 235.)

1806--Population of Upper Canada, estimated at 70,718.
(Bouchette--The British Dominions, Vol. II., page 235.)

1806--Population of Lower Canada, estimated at 250,000.
(Bouchette--The British Dominions, Vol. II., page 235.)

1806--Population of Newfoundland, estimated at 26,505.
(Sanctioned by several authors.)

1807--Population of Nova Scotia, estimated at 65,000.
(Sanctioned by several authors.)

1811--Population of Upper Canada, calculated from the assessment rolls furnished to the Provincial Legislature, 77,000.
(Bouchette--The British Dominions, Vol. I., page 108.)

1814--Population of Lower Canada, estimated at 335,000.
(Bouchette--Topographie, page 10.)

1814--Population of Upper Canada, estimated at 95,000.
(Bouchette’s Topographical Description, page 596.)

1816--Population of Newfoundland, estimated at 52,672.
(Collated for Cyclopoedia of Commerce, page 1,405.)

1817--Population of Nova Scotia : 81,351.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1822--Population of Lower Canada : 427,465.
(Journal of Assembly, 1823-24, Appendix R.)

Note: The following estimate was made for 1822, by Bouchette, of the population of Lower Canada.

Counties. Signeuries.   Townships. Total.
  Cathol. Protes.    
Gaspé      
5,000
Cornwallis
18,012
378
205
18,595
Devon
13,341
   
13,341
Hertford
15,239
   
15,239
Dorchester
17,189
200
310
17,699
Buckingham
24,867
830
10,718
36,415
Richelieu
23,771
779
4,338
28,888
Bedford
9,747
8,341
3,277
21,455
Surrey
16,520
   
16,520
Kent
12,610
   
12,610
Huntingdon
30,715
5,097
4,797
40,609
York
26,970
1,000
2,853
30,823
Montreal
26,480
11,058
 
37,538
Effingham
15,625
300
 
15,925
Leinster
22,697
 
165
22,862
Warwick
16,714
 
42
16,756
Saint-Maurice
18,300
582
 
18,882
Hampshire
12,700
   
12,700
Québec
22,339
6,000
 
28,339
Northumberland
11,038
200
 
11,238
Orléans
4,082
   
4,082
Clergy and Convents
449
   
449
Protestants in Parish’s  
1,500
 
1,500
Grand Total
364,860
35,900
26,705
427,465



Recapitulation

Districts. North side. South side. Total
Québec 56,359 77,315 133,674
Trois-Rivières 18,882 28,974 47,856
Montréal 123,904 120,082 243,986
Clergy and Convents     449
Protestants in Parish’s     1,500
Grand Total 199,145 226,371 427,465

1822--Population of Prince Edward Island, estimated at 24,600.
(Sanctioned by several authors.)

1823--Population of Newfoundland : 52,157.
(Collated for Cyclopoedia of Commerce, page 1,405.)

1824--Population of Upper Canada : 150,066.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1824--Population of New Brunswick : 74,176.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1825--Population of Upper Canada : 157,923.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1825--Population of Lower Canada : 479,288.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1825--Population of Newfoundland : 55,719.
(Collated for Cyclopoedia of Commerce, page 1,405.)

1826--Population of Upper Canada : 166,379.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1827--Population of Upper Canada : 177,174.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1827--Population of Nova Scotia, including Cape Breton, reunited in 1819 : 123,630.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1827--Population of Lower Canada : 473,475. The first statement shows 471,875, but it is supplemented by a statement showing 1,600 additional.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

Note: This statistical statement, 1827, gathered and arranged by Mr. Bouchette, is accompanied with the following recapitulation and estimates:-

Population of the Province, as stated above 471,875 souls
Magdalen Islands 900     "
Number of men employed in the King’s posts and Mingan, within the Province 400     "
Voyageurs employed in the Indian trade, sometimes sojourning in the Indian territories 300     "
  473,475     "
Average number of immigrants remaining in the Province, out of the total immigration to the Canadas in the years 1827, 1828, 1829, 1830 and 1831 28,000     "
Natural increase since 1827, about 59,575     "
Grand Total, in 1831, estimated 561,050     "

Exclusive of the military forces of the countries and the aborigines wandering in the interior.

Vide Census of 1831.

1828--Population of Upper Canada : 186,488.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1828--Population of Newfoundland : 60,088.
(Collated for Cyclopoedia of Commerce, page 1,405.)

1829--Population of Upper Canada : 197,815.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1830--Population of Upper Canada : 213,156.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1831--Population of Upper Canada : 236,702.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1831--Population of Assiniboia : 2,390.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1831--Population of Lower Canada : 553,134.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1832--Population of Upper Canada : 263,554.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1832--Population of Newfoundland : 59,280.
(Collated for Cyclopoedia of Commerce, page 1,405.)

1833--Population of Upper Canada : 295,863.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1833--Population of Prince Edward Island, estimated at 32,292.
(Sanctioned by several authors.)

1834--Population of Upper Canada : 321,145.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1834--Population of New Brunswick : 119,457.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1834--Population of Assiniboia : 3,356.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1835--Population of Assiniboia : 3,649.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1835--Population of Upper Canada : 347,359.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1836--Population of Upper Canada : 374,099.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1836--Population of Newfoundland : 73,705.
(Collated for Cyclopoedia of Commerce, page 1,405.)

1837--Population of Upper Canada : 397,489. A few blanks in the Agricultural Census have been supplied by estimates.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1837--Population of Nova Scotia, estimated at 199,906.
(Sanctioned by several authors.)

1838--Population of Upper Canada : 399,422.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1838--Population of Assiniboia : 3,966.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1838--Population of Nova Scotia : 202,575.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1839--Population of Upper Canada : 409,048.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1840--Population of Upper Canada : 432,159.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1840--Population of New Brunswick : 156,162.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1840--Population of Assiniboia : 4,704.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1841--Population of Upper Canada : 455,688.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1841--Population of Prince Edward Island : 47,042
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1842--Population of Upper Canada : 487,053.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1843--Population of Assiniboia : 5,143.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1844--Population of Lower Canada : 697,084.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1845--Population of Newfoundland : 96,295.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1846--Population of Assiniboia : 4,871.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1848--Population of Upper Canada : 725,879.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1848--Population of Lower Canada, variously estimated at 765,797,--770,000,--774,764,--777,129 and 786,693.
(Journals of Assembly, 1849, Appendix B.)

1848--Population of Prince Edward Island : 56,678.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1849--Population of Assiniboia : 5,391.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1851-52--Population of Upper Canada : 952,004.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1851-52--Population of Lower Canada : 890,261.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1851--Population of New Brunswick : 193,800.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2 & 3.)

1851--Population of Nova Scotia : 276,854.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1851--Population of Newfoundland : estimated at 101,600.
(Collated for Cyclopoedia of Commerce, page 1,405.)

1855--Population of Prince Edward Island, estimated at 71,490.
(Sanctioned by several authors.)

1856--Population of Assiniboia : 6,691.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1857--Population of Newfoundland : 122,638.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2 & 3.)

1860-61--Population of Upper Canada : 1,396,091.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1860-61--Population of Lower Canada : 1,111,566.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1861--Population of New Brunswick : 252,047.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2 & 3.)

1861--Population of Nova Scotia : 330,857.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1861--Population of Prince Edward Island : 80,857.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1861--Population of Vancouver’s Island, through immigration, 3,024, of whom 2,350 are in Victoria and its vicinity.
(Governor Douglas’ Dispatch.)

1869--Population of Newfoundland : 146,536.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1 & 2.)

1870--Population of British Columbia, 10,586 of immigrants and their descendants.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1870--Population of Manitoba : 12,228, exclusive of Indians.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)

1871--Population of Ontario 1,620,851

1871--Population of Quebec

1,191,516

1871--Population of New Brunswick

285,594

1871--Population of Nova Scotia

387,800

(For all details see the first three volumes of this work.)

1871--Population of Prince Edward Island : 94,021.
(Census.--See summary tables in E-STAT 1.)