Improvements to the Labour Force Survey (LFS)
The 2025 Revisions of the Labour Force Survey (LFS)

1.0 Introduction

The Labour Force Survey (LFS) provides estimates of employment and unemployment which are among the most timely and important measures of the performance of the Canadian economy. With the release of the survey results only 10 days after data are collected, the LFS is the first of Statistics Canada’s major monthly economic reports to be released. The methodology of the LFS is optimized to produce reliable information about month-to-month changes in key labour market indicators, such as the employment and unemployment rates.

Statistics Canada has an established history of applying a standard revision to its LFS estimates following the release of final population estimates from the most recent census. Data are revised to adopt the most recent geography, industry and occupation classifications; to take advantage of recent observations to fine-tune seasonal adjustment factors; or to introduce methodological enhancements. These revisions ensure that survey estimates accurately reflect the Canadian labour market, while having minimal impact on the comparability of labour market indicators, such as employment, unemployment, and participation rates over time. Updates made as part of this revision maintain coherence in the estimates of month-to-month and year-over-year changes.

The purpose of this document is to explain each of the revisions implemented in January 2025. It should be noted that these changes do not involve modifications to the questionnaire nor to the survey content.

The following is a summary of each change:

• Population rebasing: Until December 2024, the series of labour force estimates had been based on population control totals, derived from 2016 Census data (adjusted for net undercoverage). As of January 2025, the estimates have been adjusted to reflect population data from the 2021 Census and its coverage studies.
• Geographical boundaries: Census metropolitan areas (CMAs), economic regions (ERs), census agglomerations (CAs), and census subdivisions (CSDs) are now based on Standard Geographical Classification (SGC) 2021 - Volume I, The Classification. With this change, six new CMAs have been added (Fredericton, New Brunswick; Drummondville, Quebec; Red Deer, Alberta; Kamloops, Chilliwack, and Nanaimo, British Columbia). Boundaries for Employment Insurance Economic Regions (EIERs) remain unchanged. These new geographic areas are used starting from January 2011.
• Gender: To align with the departmental standard Classification of gender, LFS estimates now incorporate the concept of gender, which was introduced in the 2021 Census of Population and added to the LFS questionnaire in January 2022. As such, LFS data are based on sex of person up to December 2021 and gender of person from January 2022 onward. Although gender and sex at birth are two different concepts, this change does not cause a significant break in the trend because the two concepts produce very similar distributions. All data products from the LFS now adopt the term “gender” for all years and periods.
• Industry and occupation classification update: The LFS now uses the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2022 Version 1.0. Improvements were also made to the historical coding of occupation using National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 Version 1.0. These changes have minimal impact on estimates in published data tables and are primarily observed in the microdata and some custom tabulations. Revisions were extended back to 1987 for industry and 1998 for occupation (see Section 5.0 for more details).
• Updates to landing month variable for immigrants (see Section 6.0 for more details).

2.0 Rebasing of LFS Population control totals

The LFS uses population control totals, which are derived independently from the survey, as benchmarks for producing survey estimates. Demographic population control totals are a key input in the survey weighting process, in which each individual in the sample is assigned a weight indicating the number of persons in the population that the individual represents. Monthly population control totals are produced in a way that helps to minimize the month-to-month variability of key labour market estimates and mitigate the risk of coverage bias of survey estimates.

LFS population control totals start as a population base estimate derived from the census and are then updated each month to reflect births, deaths and net migration using the most up-to-date administrative data.

Beginning with the release of the January 2025 LFS data, LFS estimates are calculated using population control totals based on 2021 Census rather than the 2016 Census. Starting in January 2022, the revised population control totals are based on gender, instead of sex at birth, to align with other Statistics Canada programs, including the Census.

In addition, starting in July 2019, the methodology used to calculate monthly variations in the number of non-permanent residents (NPRs) for LFS population control totals was updated to be more responsive to changes in population growth. The twelve-month moving average used to estimate NPRs for each reference date is based on the most recent available information, with a one-month lag. In the unrevised series, twelve-month moving averages were calculated with a three- to five-month lag.

While LFS population control totals are aligned with official demographic estimates in terms of both sources and methods, each data series is produced independently. Unlike official demographic estimates, the LFS is not optimized or designed to monitor changes in the size of the population. The LFS provides an accurate reflection of the labour market situation of all those belonging to the survey target population, including Canadians, permanent residents and NPRs.

For more detailed information on the calculation of the population totals, see Appendix A. Additional information can be found in the technical document Interpreting population totals from the Labour Force Survey.

2.1 Impact of rebasing on LFS population control totals

LFS population control totals have been revised from January 2011 to December 2024. At the national level, revised and unrevised estimates for the working-age population (aged 15 and over) are comparable between January 2011 and June 2018 (Chart 1). Over that period, the rebased population control totals are slightly lower on average by 5,000 (-0.0%), than the previous population counts.

Data table for Chart 1

Data table for Chart 1
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 1 , calculated using (appearing as column headers).

	Percent difference
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2011
January	0.002
February	0.001
March	0.001
April	0.000
May	-0.001
June	-0.016
July	-0.015
August	-0.012
September	-0.011
October	-0.013
November	-0.010
December	-0.014
2012
January	-0.010
February	-0.012
March	-0.008
April	-0.010
May	-0.011
June	-0.011
July	-0.005
August	-0.006
September	-0.009
October	-0.010
November	-0.009
December	-0.011
2013
January	-0.002
February	-0.006
March	-0.007
April	-0.006
May	-0.009
June	-0.011
July	-0.008
August	-0.014
September	-0.017
October	-0.024
November	-0.028
December	-0.032
2014
January	-0.032
February	-0.035
March	-0.034
April	-0.036
May	-0.035
June	-0.032
July	-0.032
August	-0.040
September	-0.049
October	-0.056
November	-0.059
December	-0.062
2015
January	-0.061
February	-0.065
March	-0.063
April	-0.058
May	-0.054
June	-0.052
July	-0.038
August	-0.024
September	-0.013
October	-0.004
November	0.002
December	0.005
2016
January	0.007
February	0.006
March	0.002
April	-0.008
May	-0.015
June	-0.017
July	-0.009
August	-0.019
September	-0.019
October	-0.017
November	-0.015
December	-0.013
2017
January	-0.014
February	-0.013
March	-0.010
April	-0.009
May	-0.006
June	-0.005
July	-0.007
August	-0.008
September	-0.012
October	-0.010
November	-0.011
December	-0.012
2018
January	-0.014
February	-0.015
March	-0.015
April	-0.016
May	-0.015
June	-0.014
July	-0.028
August	-0.052
September	-0.076
October	-0.097
November	-0.121
December	-0.143
2019
January	-0.170
February	-0.187
March	-0.205
April	-0.228
May	-0.248
June	-0.267
July	-0.253
August	-0.226
September	-0.198
October	-0.164
November	-0.131
December	-0.094
2020
January	-0.055
February	-0.013
March	0.031
April	0.064
May	0.091
June	0.109
July	0.125
August	0.133
September	0.128
October	0.107
November	0.078
December	0.052
2021
January	0.041
February	0.018
March	0.003
April	-0.012
May	-0.018
June	0.013
July	0.011
August	0.009
September	0.004
October	0.008
November	0.031
December	0.028
2022
January	0.040
February	0.037
March	0.048
April	0.065
May	0.087
June	0.115
July	0.163
August	0.195
September	0.228
October	0.245
November	0.295
December	0.326
2023
January	0.366
February	0.436
March	0.447
April	0.462
May	0.491
June	0.516
July	0.550
August	0.533
September	0.549
October	0.569
November	0.606
December	0.654
2024
January	0.599
February	0.639
March	0.653
April	0.644
May	0.669
June	0.679
July	0.635
August	0.630
September	0.583
October	0.548
November	0.492
December	0.470

Between July 2018 and June 2019, the population control totals were revised more strongly downward, with the largest downward revision observed in June 2019 (-81,000; -0.3%). Starting from June 2021, the population totals in the revised series are higher than the unrevised series, reaching a maximum upward revision of 228,000 (+0.7%) in June 2024. The changes over the period from 2020 to 2024 are mostly the result of differences in the admittance of non-permanent residents (NPRs) during the pandemic and in more recent years. In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, fewer NPRs were admitted to Canada and the number of NPRs increased at a slower pace. 

The magnitude of the maximum difference in June 2024 is similar to the maximum difference observed in the 2021 rebasing when LFS estimates were rebased from the 2011 to 2016 Census population counts. In November 2015, the difference in the population control totals was 229,000 (-0.8%).

Differences by gender and age groups

Population control totals for the youth (15 to 24 years old) and core-age groups (25 to 54 years old) were affected most by the population rebasing (Chart 2).

Similar to the overall population, the differences between the revised and unrevised population controls totals for the core-age population were small from 2011 to 2019, averaging 4,000 (-0.0%). The rebasing had a larger impact on population totals after July 2022, with the upward revision peaking in June 2024 (+302,000; +1.9%).

In contrast, population control totals for youth aged 15 to 24 years were revised downward on average. Among the youth population, the largest difference was 128,000 (-2.5%) in December 2024.

Overall, population control totals for adults aged 55 and older were revised downward. The largest downward revision was in May 2022 (-36,000; -0.3%).  

Data table for Chart 2

Data table for Chart 2
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 2 Population 15 to 24 years, Men 25 to 54 years, Women 25 to 54 years and Population 55 years and older, calculated using percent difference units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Population 15 to 24 years	Men 25 to 54 years	Women 25 to 54 years	Population 55 years and older
	percent difference
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2011
January	0.052	-0.019	-0.007	0.001
February	0.094	-0.042	-0.017	0.002
March	0.141	-0.061	-0.024	0.002
April	0.186	-0.081	-0.032	-0.001
May	0.231	-0.104	-0.043	-0.002
June	0.222	-0.129	-0.059	-0.010
July	0.229	-0.146	-0.041	-0.012
August	0.220	-0.139	-0.039	-0.004
September	0.208	-0.135	-0.039	0.001
October	0.193	-0.129	-0.039	-0.001
November	0.184	-0.121	-0.034	0.001
December	0.166	-0.122	-0.033	-0.001
2012
January	0.150	-0.104	-0.028	0.000
February	0.130	-0.093	-0.022	-0.009
March	0.123	-0.078	-0.017	-0.011
April	0.110	-0.069	-0.014	-0.017
May	0.101	-0.062	-0.011	-0.026
June	0.099	-0.054	-0.007	-0.032
July	0.103	-0.053	-0.006	-0.021
August	0.092	-0.050	-0.008	-0.019
September	0.074	-0.046	-0.010	-0.019
October	0.060	-0.039	-0.010	-0.019
November	0.045	-0.031	-0.008	-0.017
December	0.027	-0.026	-0.007	-0.020
2013
January	0.027	-0.003	0.006	-0.021
February	0.011	0.001	0.003	-0.027
March	0.009	0.001	0.000	-0.027
April	0.011	0.011	0.004	-0.034
May	0.011	0.008	-0.001	-0.037
June	0.020	0.006	-0.004	-0.042
July	0.031	-0.001	-0.011	-0.029
August	0.022	-0.012	-0.021	-0.026
September	0.025	-0.021	-0.029	-0.026
October	0.016	-0.029	-0.036	-0.029
November	0.011	-0.039	-0.043	-0.029
December	0.009	-0.044	-0.051	-0.028
2014
January	0.014	-0.044	-0.051	-0.029
February	0.016	-0.050	-0.058	-0.030
March	0.034	-0.054	-0.060	-0.032
April	0.052	-0.058	-0.063	-0.039
May	0.072	-0.062	-0.069	-0.041
June	0.115	-0.064	-0.071	-0.045
July	0.111	-0.073	-0.078	-0.030
August	0.095	-0.091	-0.086	-0.027
September	0.077	-0.109	-0.100	-0.025
October	0.059	-0.119	-0.107	-0.025
November	0.050	-0.126	-0.111	-0.022
December	0.048	-0.130	-0.112	-0.024
2015
January	0.043	-0.131	-0.114	-0.020
February	0.043	-0.137	-0.117	-0.025
March	0.057	-0.133	-0.115	-0.029
April	0.080	-0.127	-0.107	-0.033
May	0.098	-0.123	-0.102	-0.036
June	0.114	-0.123	-0.096	-0.043
July	0.158	-0.118	-0.092	-0.027
August	0.208	-0.101	-0.082	-0.028
September	0.266	-0.090	-0.078	-0.029
October	0.303	-0.080	-0.074	-0.033
November	0.331	-0.072	-0.073	-0.034
December	0.349	-0.069	-0.069	-0.035
2016
January	0.375	-0.065	-0.071	-0.041
February	0.384	-0.071	-0.077	-0.041
March	0.391	-0.080	-0.084	-0.042
April	0.378	-0.095	-0.097	-0.046
May	0.392	-0.108	-0.114	-0.050
June	0.422	-0.124	-0.126	-0.050
July	0.424	-0.104	-0.118	-0.047
August	0.326	-0.081	-0.115	-0.052
September	0.285	-0.061	-0.110	-0.052
October	0.250	-0.040	-0.103	-0.053
November	0.209	-0.012	-0.092	-0.055
December	0.172	0.008	-0.084	-0.056
2017
January	0.110	0.037	-0.075	-0.056
February	0.069	0.061	-0.066	-0.060
March	0.025	0.087	-0.056	-0.059
April	-0.021	0.110	-0.045	-0.061
May	-0.078	0.142	-0.030	-0.060
June	-0.116	0.161	-0.023	-0.061
July	-0.128	0.168	-0.025	-0.064
August	-0.141	0.175	-0.025	-0.066
September	-0.159	0.183	-0.026	-0.073
October	-0.166	0.194	-0.025	-0.073
November	-0.179	0.201	-0.022	-0.075
December	-0.193	0.208	-0.019	-0.079
2018
January	-0.208	0.217	-0.022	-0.082
February	-0.226	0.223	-0.020	-0.084
March	-0.240	0.232	-0.015	-0.088
April	-0.260	0.244	-0.012	-0.090
May	-0.268	0.252	-0.007	-0.094
June	-0.275	0.263	-0.005	-0.098
July	-0.331	0.252	-0.014	-0.101
August	-0.418	0.230	-0.034	-0.103
September	-0.501	0.206	-0.053	-0.106
October	-0.577	0.187	-0.069	-0.111
November	-0.657	0.164	-0.088	-0.116
December	-0.735	0.140	-0.109	-0.115
2019
January	-0.844	0.112	-0.130	-0.111
February	-0.920	0.091	-0.146	-0.106
March	-0.995	0.072	-0.159	-0.102
April	-1.090	0.048	-0.177	-0.100
May	-1.167	0.029	-0.191	-0.101
June	-1.246	0.011	-0.206	-0.102
July	-1.227	0.042	-0.193	-0.100
August	-1.167	0.089	-0.166	-0.100
September	-1.109	0.134	-0.140	-0.094
October	-1.031	0.191	-0.106	-0.090
November	-0.960	0.246	-0.070	-0.089
December	-0.875	0.305	-0.034	-0.086
2020
January	-0.800	0.367	0.007	-0.075
February	-0.709	0.427	0.043	-0.060
March	-0.631	0.497	0.091	-0.048
April	-0.544	0.563	0.133	-0.063
May	-0.475	0.623	0.174	-0.081
June	-0.460	0.666	0.204	-0.086
July	-0.485	0.722	0.235	-0.090
August	-0.572	0.781	0.268	-0.095
September	-0.697	0.840	0.297	-0.114
October	-0.853	0.865	0.304	-0.130
November	-1.029	0.879	0.301	-0.148
December	-1.164	0.896	0.307	-0.178
2021
January	-1.302	0.949	0.335	-0.207
February	-1.468	0.971	0.335	-0.218
March	-1.610	0.992	0.335	-0.218
April	-1.744	1.005	0.325	-0.210
May	-1.858	1.021	0.322	-0.192
June	-1.856	1.103	0.372	-0.193
July	-1.810	1.087	0.357	-0.197
August	-1.695	1.044	0.324	-0.199
September	-1.632	1.011	0.300	-0.200
October	-1.531	0.989	0.282	-0.203
November	-1.400	0.998	0.286	-0.200
December	-1.338	0.975	0.267	-0.205
2022
January	-1.259	0.981	0.286	-0.220
February	-1.177	0.971	0.282	-0.247
March	-1.100	0.980	0.302	-0.267
April	-1.022	1.002	0.325	-0.278
May	-0.929	1.031	0.363	-0.297
June	-0.828	1.049	0.380	-0.285
July	-0.773	1.121	0.451	-0.266
August	-0.815	1.194	0.519	-0.255
September	-0.843	1.272	0.595	-0.254
October	-0.848	1.315	0.633	-0.258
November	-0.800	1.412	0.722	-0.259
December	-0.803	1.493	0.792	-0.270
2023
January	-0.877	1.599	0.883	-0.260
February	-0.789	1.712	0.970	-0.238
March	-0.830	1.751	0.992	-0.232
April	-0.866	1.798	1.024	-0.229
May	-0.951	1.879	1.094	-0.214
June	-0.993	1.954	1.156	-0.220
July	-0.977	2.024	1.211	-0.214
August	-1.025	2.010	1.197	-0.221
September	-1.032	2.045	1.228	-0.217
October	-1.138	2.109	1.298	-0.208
November	-0.973	2.151	1.318	-0.212
December	-0.915	2.231	1.388	-0.200
2024
January	-1.091	2.158	1.331	-0.199
February	-1.034	2.223	1.386	-0.192
March	-1.054	2.254	1.407	-0.177
April	-1.173	2.243	1.409	-0.152
May	-1.162	2.280	1.435	-0.128
June	-1.182	2.307	1.458	-0.125
July	-1.345	2.251	1.419	-0.117
August	-1.407	2.252	1.420	-0.107
September	-1.742	2.217	1.437	-0.085
October	-2.001	2.191	1.452	-0.067
November	-2.305	2.135	1.442	-0.050
December	-2.503	2.124	1.464	-0.034

Overall, population control totals for men aged 15 years and older were revised upward, reaching a maximum difference of 148,000 (+0.9%) in June 2024. Population control totals for women aged 15 years and older were revised slightly downward, with the largest difference in June 2019 (-49,000; -0.3%) (Chart 3).

Data table for Chart 3

Data table for Chart 3
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 3 Men and Women, calculated using percent difference units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Men	Women
	percent difference
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2011
January	-0.001	0.004
February	-0.007	0.008
March	-0.009	0.012
April	-0.013	0.013
May	-0.017	0.013
June	-0.030	-0.004
July	-0.036	0.005
August	-0.030	0.006
September	-0.028	0.006
October	-0.027	0.001
November	-0.023	0.002
December	-0.027	-0.001
2012
January	-0.021	0.000
February	-0.021	-0.003
March	-0.014	-0.002
April	-0.015	-0.006
May	-0.014	-0.008
June	-0.013	-0.009
July	-0.010	-0.001
August	-0.010	-0.003
September	-0.011	-0.006
October	-0.011	-0.008
November	-0.009	-0.008
December	-0.010	-0.011
2013
January	0.002	-0.006
February	0.000	-0.012
March	-0.001	-0.013
April	0.002	-0.013
May	0.000	-0.017
June	-0.002	-0.019
July	-0.002	-0.014
August	-0.009	-0.019
September	-0.015	-0.021
October	-0.020	-0.028
November	-0.025	-0.031
December	-0.028	-0.036
2014
January	-0.028	-0.037
February	-0.030	-0.040
March	-0.028	-0.040
April	-0.030	-0.042
May	-0.029	-0.042
June	-0.025	-0.040
July	-0.026	-0.037
August	-0.037	-0.042
September	-0.048	-0.050
October	-0.057	-0.055
November	-0.062	-0.057
December	-0.063	-0.060
2015
January	-0.064	-0.059
February	-0.066	-0.064
March	-0.064	-0.063
April	-0.058	-0.058
May	-0.054	-0.054
June	-0.054	-0.050
July	-0.040	-0.037
August	-0.024	-0.024
September	-0.010	-0.015
October	0.001	-0.009
November	0.009	-0.005
December	0.012	-0.001
2016
January	0.018	-0.003
February	0.018	-0.005
March	0.013	-0.008
April	0.001	-0.018
May	-0.003	-0.026
June	-0.011	-0.022
July	0.006	-0.023
August	-0.006	-0.032
September	-0.001	-0.035
October	0.003	-0.037
November	0.010	-0.038
December	0.014	-0.040
2017
January	0.019	-0.045
February	0.023	-0.048
March	0.029	-0.049
April	0.034	-0.051
May	0.041	-0.052
June	0.045	-0.054
July	0.045	-0.057
August	0.044	-0.060
September	0.043	-0.065
October	0.046	-0.065
November	0.047	-0.067
December	0.046	-0.069
2018
January	0.047	-0.072
February	0.047	-0.075
March	0.047	-0.076
April	0.047	-0.077
May	0.050	-0.079
June	0.054	-0.080
July	0.040	-0.094
August	0.013	-0.115
September	-0.013	-0.137
October	-0.036	-0.157
November	-0.063	-0.178
December	-0.086	-0.199
2019
January	-0.116	-0.223
February	-0.134	-0.240
March	-0.154	-0.254
April	-0.178	-0.277
May	-0.200	-0.295
June	-0.220	-0.312
July	-0.201	-0.303
August	-0.168	-0.283
September	-0.134	-0.261
October	-0.093	-0.234
November	-0.052	-0.207
December	-0.009	-0.178
2020
January	0.039	-0.146
February	0.089	-0.112
March	0.142	-0.077
April	0.184	-0.052
May	0.217	-0.032
June	0.241	-0.020
July	0.265	-0.013
August	0.281	-0.013
September	0.284	-0.023
October	0.267	-0.049
November	0.239	-0.081
December	0.216	-0.107
2021
January	0.210	-0.124
February	0.191	-0.151
March	0.180	-0.171
April	0.170	-0.191
May	0.168	-0.200
June	0.206	-0.176
July	0.205	-0.179
August	0.199	-0.177
September	0.193	-0.179
October	0.198	-0.177
November	0.223	-0.157
December	0.221	-0.161
2022
January	0.229	-0.144
February	0.224	-0.146
March	0.232	-0.131
April	0.247	-0.113
May	0.268	-0.090
June	0.295	-0.062
July	0.343	-0.012
August	0.377	0.019
September	0.410	0.051
October	0.427	0.067
November	0.480	0.115
December	0.514	0.144
2023
January	0.556	0.182
February	0.634	0.242
March	0.650	0.249
April	0.669	0.260
May	0.699	0.287
June	0.729	0.309
July	0.766	0.339
August	0.747	0.324
September	0.764	0.339
October	0.777	0.366
November	0.826	0.391
December	0.876	0.436
2024
January	0.812	0.389
February	0.855	0.426
March	0.870	0.439
April	0.855	0.436
May	0.882	0.459
June	0.892	0.470
July	0.839	0.434
August	0.831	0.432
September	0.765	0.403
October	0.717	0.382
November	0.645	0.341
December	0.611	0.330

Provincial differences

The magnitude and direction of the rebased population control totals differ by province, and the differences are typically greater for the period from 2019 to 2024.

Population control totals for Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Manitoba, and British Columbia were generally revised upward, while population control totals for Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, and Alberta have been revised downward. Over the 2022 to 2024 period, the largest upward revision (+1.9%) was observed for Manitoba in June 2024, while the largest downward revision (-0.8%) was observed for Saskatchewan.  

Data table for Chart 4

Data table for Chart 4
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 4 Canada, Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, calculated using percent difference units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Canada	Newfoundland and Labrador	Prince Edward Island	Nova Scotia	New Brunswick
	percent difference
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2011
January	0.002	0.023	0.085	-0.013	0.000
February	0.001	0.023	-0.085	0.000	0.000
March	0.001	0.045	0.000	0.000	0.000
April	0.000	0.045	0.000	0.000	0.000
May	-0.001	0.068	0.000	0.000	0.016
June	-0.016	0.023	-0.084	0.000	0.016
July	-0.015	-0.023	-0.084	-0.064	-0.032
August	-0.012	0.000	-0.168	-0.051	-0.032
September	-0.011	0.000	-0.084	-0.051	-0.016
October	-0.013	-0.023	-0.084	-0.038	-0.016
November	-0.010	-0.023	0.000	-0.026	-0.016
December	-0.014	-0.023	-0.084	-0.051	0.000
2012
January	-0.010	0.000	0.000	-0.013	0.000
February	-0.012	0.000	0.000	-0.026	-0.016
March	-0.008	0.000	0.000	0.013	0.000
April	-0.010	-0.023	0.000	0.013	0.000
May	-0.011	0.000	0.084	0.000	0.016
June	-0.011	0.000	0.000	0.038	0.016
July	-0.005	0.000	0.084	0.038	0.032
August	-0.006	0.000	0.000	0.026	0.048
September	-0.009	0.000	0.000	0.013	0.048
October	-0.010	-0.023	0.000	0.000	0.048
November	-0.009	-0.045	0.084	0.013	0.048
December	-0.011	0.000	0.000	0.013	0.064
2013
January	-0.002	0.000	0.000	0.013	0.080
February	-0.006	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.048
March	-0.007	-0.023	0.084	0.013	0.064
April	-0.006	0.000	0.084	0.000	0.080
May	-0.009	0.000	0.000	0.026	0.080
June	-0.011	0.000	0.084	0.026	0.080
July	-0.008	0.000	0.084	0.026	0.080
August	-0.014	-0.022	0.084	0.051	0.080
September	-0.017	0.000	0.084	0.051	0.096
October	-0.024	0.000	0.084	0.051	0.096
November	-0.028	0.000	0.168	0.064	0.096
December	-0.032	0.022	0.084	0.064	0.112
2014
January	-0.032	0.000	0.084	0.090	0.096
February	-0.035	0.022	0.084	0.103	0.096
March	-0.034	0.022	0.168	0.103	0.112
April	-0.036	-0.022	0.000	0.129	0.112
May	-0.035	0.000	0.084	0.129	0.096
June	-0.032	0.000	0.084	0.129	0.128
July	-0.032	0.022	0.084	0.141	0.128
August	-0.040	0.022	0.084	0.129	0.112
September	-0.049	0.022	0.084	0.142	0.096
October	-0.056	0.000	0.084	0.142	0.096
November	-0.059	0.045	0.084	0.129	0.096
December	-0.062	0.022	0.084	0.142	0.096
2015
January	-0.061	0.022	0.084	0.142	0.096
February	-0.065	0.000	0.168	0.116	0.080
March	-0.063	0.022	0.084	0.129	0.080
April	-0.058	0.045	0.168	0.116	0.080
May	-0.054	0.022	0.168	0.116	0.080
June	-0.052	0.022	0.084	0.090	0.080
July	-0.038	0.090	0.084	0.103	0.112
August	-0.024	0.067	0.084	0.103	0.096
September	-0.013	0.067	0.084	0.090	0.080
October	-0.004	0.067	0.083	0.090	0.112
November	0.002	0.089	0.083	0.090	0.128
December	0.005	0.089	0.083	0.077	0.096
2016
January	0.007	0.089	0.083	0.051	0.080
February	0.006	0.089	0.083	0.038	0.095
March	0.002	0.089	0.000	0.038	0.095
April	-0.008	0.067	0.000	0.026	0.079
May	-0.015	0.045	-0.083	0.013	0.064
June	-0.017	0.067	-0.082	0.013	0.048
July	-0.009	0.067	-0.082	0.038	0.063
August	-0.019	0.089	-0.246	0.051	0.016
September	-0.019	0.089	-0.246	0.064	0.032
October	-0.017	0.134	-0.246	0.089	0.048
November	-0.015	0.134	-0.245	0.089	0.016
December	-0.013	0.156	-0.327	0.115	0.016
2017
January	-0.014	0.156	-0.326	0.127	0.016
February	-0.013	0.201	-0.407	0.140	0.032
March	-0.010	0.201	-0.406	0.165	0.016
April	-0.009	0.201	-0.405	0.178	0.000
May	-0.006	0.246	-0.404	0.203	0.000
June	-0.005	0.246	-0.644	0.203	-0.032
July	-0.007	0.290	-0.563	0.216	-0.016
August	-0.008	0.268	-0.562	0.228	-0.016
September	-0.012	0.290	-0.561	0.266	-0.032
October	-0.010	0.335	-0.641	0.278	0.000
November	-0.011	0.335	-0.639	0.278	-0.016
December	-0.012	0.358	-0.639	0.303	-0.032
2018
January	-0.014	0.380	-0.718	0.303	0.000
February	-0.015	0.403	-0.796	0.341	-0.031
March	-0.015	0.425	-0.715	0.341	-0.016
April	-0.016	0.448	-0.793	0.340	-0.031
May	-0.015	0.470	-0.791	0.365	-0.031
June	-0.014	0.493	-0.789	0.377	-0.047
July	-0.028	0.515	-0.787	0.377	-0.031
August	-0.052	0.538	-0.863	0.414	-0.031
September	-0.076	0.538	-0.940	0.414	-0.047
October	-0.097	0.538	-1.016	0.401	-0.047
November	-0.121	0.538	-1.092	0.375	-0.094
December	-0.143	0.560	-1.091	0.375	-0.063
2019
January	-0.170	0.583	-1.089	0.387	-0.094
February	-0.187	0.605	-1.165	0.374	-0.109
March	-0.205	0.628	-1.162	0.374	-0.109
April	-0.228	0.651	-1.311	0.374	-0.109
May	-0.248	0.696	-1.385	0.373	-0.125
June	-0.267	0.673	-1.381	0.360	-0.187
July	-0.253	0.718	-1.530	0.422	-0.187
August	-0.226	0.718	-1.451	0.470	-0.186
September	-0.198	0.740	-1.448	0.519	-0.124
October	-0.164	0.740	-1.295	0.568	-0.093
November	-0.131	0.763	-1.142	0.592	-0.108
December	-0.094	0.785	-0.989	0.654	-0.124
2020
January	-0.055	0.853	-0.912	0.678	-0.062
February	-0.013	0.853	-0.759	0.751	0.015
March	0.031	0.830	-0.531	0.862	0.046
April	0.064	0.808	-0.454	0.960	0.077
May	0.091	0.853	-0.303	1.034	0.124
June	0.109	0.853	-0.227	1.082	0.170
July	0.125	0.831	-0.151	1.130	0.185
August	0.133	0.831	-0.226	1.141	0.201
September	0.128	0.876	-0.301	1.128	0.185
October	0.107	0.898	-0.226	1.078	0.216
November	0.078	0.898	-0.301	1.053	0.216
December	0.052	0.898	-0.301	1.077	0.231
2021
January	0.041	0.943	-0.301	1.114	0.262
February	0.018	0.966	-0.150	1.211	0.339
March	0.003	1.011	-0.075	1.309	0.432
April	-0.012	1.034	0.150	1.418	0.478
May	-0.018	1.079	0.299	1.490	0.539
June	0.013	1.101	0.598	1.525	0.600
July	0.011	1.124	0.747	1.548	0.677
August	0.009	1.101	0.594	1.520	0.691
September	0.004	1.078	0.518	1.432	0.659
October	0.008	1.077	0.516	1.442	0.628
November	0.031	1.099	0.515	1.476	0.688
December	0.028	1.099	0.513	1.449	0.702
2022
January	0.040	1.075	0.512	1.446	0.686
February	0.037	1.075	0.583	1.455	0.669
March	0.048	1.096	0.654	1.476	0.698
April	0.065	1.140	0.652	1.534	0.773
May	0.087	1.117	0.505	1.601	0.817
June	0.115	1.116	0.359	1.658	0.845
July	0.163	1.092	0.215	1.617	0.843
August	0.195	1.047	0.143	1.505	0.765
September	0.228	1.068	0.142	1.418	0.688
October	0.245	1.067	0.213	1.356	0.672
November	0.295	1.088	0.355	1.343	0.640
December	0.326	1.065	0.355	1.365	0.654
2023
January	0.366	1.108	0.495	1.444	0.638
February	0.436	1.128	0.633	1.523	0.710
March	0.447	1.060	0.771	1.578	0.753
April	0.462	1.014	0.628	1.633	0.825
May	0.491	1.013	0.556	1.593	0.838
June	0.516	0.967	0.484	1.530	0.791
July	0.550	0.966	0.552	1.502	0.804
August	0.533	0.898	0.481	1.487	0.772
September	0.549	0.941	0.616	1.483	0.785
October	0.569	0.962	0.478	1.469	0.754
November	0.606	0.983	0.477	1.500	0.825
December	0.654	1.026	0.612	1.520	0.823
2024
January	0.599	0.981	0.542	1.480	0.777
February	0.639	0.980	0.405	1.488	0.775
March	0.653	1.022	0.403	1.485	0.787
April	0.644	1.086	0.335	1.470	0.742
May	0.669	1.151	0.400	1.455	0.725
June	0.679	1.215	0.332	1.428	0.666
July	0.635	1.279	0.265	1.390	0.607
August	0.630	1.299	0.132	1.331	0.563
September	0.583	1.276	0.066	1.294	0.506
October	0.548	1.231	0.000	1.237	0.463
November	0.492	1.230	-0.066	1.169	0.392
December	0.470	1.230	-0.196	1.146	0.350

Data table for Chart 5

Data table for Chart 5
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 5 Canada, Quebec and Ontario, calculated using percent difference units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Canada	Quebec	Ontario
	percent difference
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2011
January	0.002	0.015	0.002
February	0.001	0.026	0.000
March	0.001	0.038	-0.002
April	0.000	0.050	-0.002
May	-0.001	0.048	0.000
June	-0.016	0.021	-0.009
July	-0.015	0.005	0.016
August	-0.012	0.003	0.016
September	-0.011	0.005	0.017
October	-0.013	0.000	0.017
November	-0.010	0.000	0.017
December	-0.014	-0.005	0.015
2012
January	-0.010	-0.003	0.017
February	-0.012	-0.003	0.016
March	-0.008	-0.003	0.018
April	-0.010	-0.005	0.018
May	-0.011	-0.007	0.017
June	-0.011	-0.009	0.018
July	-0.005	-0.012	0.024
August	-0.006	-0.015	0.017
September	-0.009	-0.021	0.013
October	-0.010	-0.019	0.012
November	-0.009	-0.022	0.009
December	-0.011	-0.024	0.007
2013
January	-0.002	-0.022	0.010
February	-0.006	-0.027	0.006
March	-0.007	-0.028	0.004
April	-0.006	-0.027	0.006
May	-0.009	-0.030	0.002
June	-0.011	-0.030	0.001
July	-0.008	-0.027	0.005
August	-0.014	-0.028	0.000
September	-0.017	-0.034	-0.002
October	-0.024	-0.037	-0.004
November	-0.028	-0.039	-0.009
December	-0.032	-0.042	-0.012
2014
January	-0.032	-0.045	-0.009
February	-0.035	-0.049	-0.013
March	-0.034	-0.048	-0.012
April	-0.036	-0.054	-0.013
May	-0.035	-0.061	-0.014
June	-0.032	-0.064	-0.011
July	-0.032	-0.064	-0.008
August	-0.040	-0.059	-0.009
September	-0.049	-0.059	-0.017
October	-0.056	-0.059	-0.022
November	-0.059	-0.055	-0.026
December	-0.062	-0.050	-0.030
2015
January	-0.061	-0.047	-0.033
February	-0.065	-0.044	-0.039
March	-0.063	-0.044	-0.041
April	-0.058	-0.039	-0.038
May	-0.054	-0.034	-0.037
June	-0.052	-0.027	-0.040
July	-0.038	-0.021	-0.027
August	-0.024	-0.012	-0.016
September	-0.013	-0.009	-0.002
October	-0.004	-0.009	0.001
November	0.002	-0.006	0.003
December	0.005	-0.004	0.003
2016
January	0.007	-0.004	0.005
February	0.006	-0.012	0.005
March	0.002	-0.012	-0.004
April	-0.008	-0.021	-0.017
May	-0.015	-0.022	-0.024
June	-0.017	-0.019	-0.025
July	-0.009	-0.015	-0.014
August	-0.019	-0.037	-0.024
September	-0.019	-0.040	-0.025
October	-0.017	-0.049	-0.023
November	-0.015	-0.050	-0.018
December	-0.013	-0.057	-0.014
2017
January	-0.014	-0.062	-0.013
February	-0.013	-0.069	-0.010
March	-0.010	-0.069	-0.007
April	-0.009	-0.078	-0.003
May	-0.006	-0.081	0.000
June	-0.005	-0.080	0.004
July	-0.007	-0.091	0.009
August	-0.008	-0.109	0.014
September	-0.012	-0.122	0.013
October	-0.010	-0.134	0.021
November	-0.011	-0.143	0.026
December	-0.012	-0.156	0.030
2018
January	-0.014	-0.169	0.036
February	-0.015	-0.186	0.042
March	-0.015	-0.194	0.044
April	-0.016	-0.207	0.050
May	-0.015	-0.216	0.056
June	-0.014	-0.223	0.061
July	-0.028	-0.250	0.049
August	-0.052	-0.303	0.024
September	-0.076	-0.357	0.003
October	-0.097	-0.396	-0.018
November	-0.121	-0.431	-0.043
December	-0.143	-0.466	-0.069
2019
January	-0.170	-0.528	-0.090
February	-0.187	-0.568	-0.103
March	-0.205	-0.605	-0.117
April	-0.228	-0.651	-0.139
May	-0.248	-0.689	-0.161
June	-0.267	-0.724	-0.173
July	-0.253	-0.725	-0.151
August	-0.226	-0.709	-0.115
September	-0.198	-0.671	-0.088
October	-0.164	-0.630	-0.054
November	-0.131	-0.584	-0.023
December	-0.094	-0.541	0.017
2020
January	-0.055	-0.502	0.063
February	-0.013	-0.465	0.117
March	0.031	-0.422	0.172
April	0.064	-0.400	0.217
May	0.091	-0.385	0.248
June	0.109	-0.375	0.278
July	0.125	-0.343	0.295
August	0.133	-0.336	0.314
September	0.128	-0.355	0.315
October	0.107	-0.381	0.298
November	0.078	-0.416	0.269
December	0.052	-0.446	0.246
2021
January	0.041	-0.476	0.238
February	0.018	-0.507	0.198
March	0.003	-0.519	0.160
April	-0.012	-0.525	0.111
May	-0.018	-0.519	0.088
June	0.013	-0.502	0.128
July	0.011	-0.509	0.120
August	0.009	-0.529	0.141
September	0.004	-0.539	0.164
October	0.008	-0.539	0.186
November	0.031	-0.523	0.222
December	0.028	-0.504	0.215
2022
January	0.040	-0.497	0.232
February	0.037	-0.495	0.221
March	0.048	-0.480	0.230
April	0.065	-0.468	0.255
May	0.087	-0.462	0.287
June	0.115	-0.454	0.331
July	0.163	-0.426	0.408
August	0.195	-0.403	0.473
September	0.228	-0.393	0.539
October	0.245	-0.397	0.582
November	0.295	-0.360	0.648
December	0.326	-0.336	0.690
2023
January	0.366	-0.305	0.719
February	0.436	-0.258	0.782
March	0.447	-0.230	0.791
April	0.462	-0.178	0.805
May	0.491	-0.152	0.843
June	0.516	-0.103	0.893
July	0.550	-0.056	0.935
August	0.533	-0.041	0.916
September	0.549	-0.037	0.927
October	0.569	-0.030	0.954
November	0.606	0.000	0.994
December	0.654	0.033	1.046
2024
January	0.599	-0.008	0.971
February	0.639	0.026	1.009
March	0.653	0.033	1.017
April	0.644	0.012	0.994
May	0.669	0.031	1.013
June	0.679	0.046	1.017
July	0.635	0.019	0.946
August	0.630	0.032	0.922
September	0.583	0.033	0.843
October	0.548	0.047	0.773
November	0.492	0.056	0.672
December	0.470	0.069	0.627

Data table for Chart 6

Data table for Chart 6
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 6 Canada, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, calculated using percent difference units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Canada	Manitoba	Saskatchewan	Alberta	British Columbia
	percent difference
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2011
January	0.002	0.000	0.012	0.003	-0.027
February	0.001	-0.011	0.050	0.020	-0.062
March	0.001	-0.011	0.049	0.033	-0.092
April	0.000	-0.021	0.062	0.037	-0.127
May	-0.001	-0.011	0.074	0.023	-0.146
June	-0.016	0.011	0.037	-0.020	-0.135
July	-0.015	-0.032	-0.049	-0.099	-0.049
August	-0.012	-0.011	-0.012	-0.066	-0.065
September	-0.011	0.000	-0.012	-0.043	-0.089
October	-0.013	0.011	0.000	-0.026	-0.107
November	-0.010	0.021	0.037	-0.010	-0.126
December	-0.014	0.032	0.037	0.010	-0.150
2012
January	-0.010	0.032	0.061	0.039	-0.174
February	-0.012	0.032	0.061	0.066	-0.195
March	-0.008	0.063	0.085	0.079	-0.211
April	-0.010	0.032	0.097	0.101	-0.237
May	-0.011	0.042	0.097	0.114	-0.250
June	-0.011	0.074	0.109	0.124	-0.271
July	-0.005	0.063	0.121	0.165	-0.278
August	-0.006	0.084	0.145	0.188	-0.291
September	-0.009	0.094	0.157	0.210	-0.304
October	-0.010	0.105	0.157	0.219	-0.314
November	-0.009	0.115	0.181	0.238	-0.327
December	-0.011	0.125	0.181	0.251	-0.345
2013
January	-0.002	0.136	0.204	0.292	-0.345
February	-0.006	0.136	0.216	0.301	-0.355
March	-0.007	0.125	0.228	0.310	-0.368
April	-0.006	0.146	0.240	0.322	-0.378
May	-0.009	0.167	0.263	0.314	-0.395
June	-0.011	0.166	0.263	0.314	-0.408
July	-0.008	0.177	0.275	0.316	-0.412
August	-0.014	0.187	0.239	0.293	-0.422
September	-0.017	0.197	0.238	0.286	-0.429
October	-0.024	0.176	0.226	0.267	-0.442
November	-0.028	0.176	0.214	0.251	-0.449
December	-0.032	0.176	0.214	0.241	-0.456
2014
January	-0.032	0.176	0.226	0.244	-0.466
February	-0.035	0.196	0.213	0.243	-0.473
March	-0.034	0.175	0.213	0.255	-0.483
April	-0.036	0.165	0.225	0.270	-0.495
May	-0.035	0.175	0.248	0.288	-0.496
June	-0.032	0.165	0.236	0.315	-0.493
July	-0.032	0.185	0.236	0.299	-0.497
August	-0.040	0.164	0.224	0.249	-0.514
September	-0.049	0.174	0.201	0.200	-0.521
October	-0.056	0.184	0.200	0.172	-0.526
November	-0.059	0.194	0.200	0.144	-0.527
December	-0.062	0.184	0.200	0.135	-0.524
2015
January	-0.061	0.184	0.200	0.116	-0.509
February	-0.065	0.174	0.188	0.101	-0.500
March	-0.063	0.163	0.177	0.104	-0.484
April	-0.058	0.174	0.200	0.098	-0.461
May	-0.054	0.163	0.176	0.104	-0.438
June	-0.052	0.163	0.176	0.091	-0.417
July	-0.038	0.163	0.176	0.082	-0.366
August	-0.024	0.163	0.188	0.094	-0.315
September	-0.013	0.162	0.176	0.085	-0.262
October	-0.004	0.152	0.199	0.082	-0.214
November	0.002	0.152	0.176	0.076	-0.168
December	0.005	0.121	0.176	0.064	-0.128
2016
January	0.007	0.111	0.152	0.033	-0.075
February	0.006	0.111	0.128	0.000	-0.043
March	0.002	0.081	0.105	-0.021	-0.007
April	-0.008	0.040	0.082	-0.045	0.007
May	-0.015	0.020	0.070	-0.078	0.020
June	-0.017	0.030	0.058	-0.075	0.000
July	-0.009	0.020	0.046	-0.078	0.027
August	-0.019	0.030	0.012	-0.087	0.035
September	-0.019	0.030	0.000	-0.081	0.042
October	-0.017	0.020	-0.012	-0.084	0.052
November	-0.015	0.030	0.012	-0.081	0.059
December	-0.013	0.020	-0.012	-0.084	0.072
2017
January	-0.014	0.030	-0.023	-0.084	0.076
February	-0.013	0.040	-0.035	-0.084	0.076
March	-0.010	0.030	-0.035	-0.084	0.084
April	-0.009	0.030	-0.046	-0.081	0.098
May	-0.006	0.020	-0.058	-0.081	0.105
June	-0.005	0.010	-0.069	-0.081	0.115
July	-0.007	0.020	-0.080	-0.095	0.112
August	-0.008	0.039	-0.080	-0.095	0.112
September	-0.012	0.049	-0.103	-0.098	0.112
October	-0.010	0.039	-0.103	-0.098	0.117
November	-0.011	0.039	-0.126	-0.104	0.117
December	-0.012	0.049	-0.126	-0.104	0.117
2018
January	-0.014	0.069	-0.149	-0.107	0.104
February	-0.015	0.068	-0.160	-0.110	0.107
March	-0.015	0.078	-0.149	-0.109	0.106
April	-0.016	0.088	-0.171	-0.112	0.109
May	-0.015	0.088	-0.171	-0.112	0.106
June	-0.014	0.088	-0.171	-0.115	0.115
July	-0.028	0.097	-0.205	-0.121	0.098
August	-0.052	0.117	-0.228	-0.120	0.072
September	-0.076	0.097	-0.228	-0.114	0.053
October	-0.097	0.097	-0.239	-0.120	0.031
November	-0.121	0.116	-0.261	-0.126	0.005
December	-0.143	0.116	-0.273	-0.134	-0.017
2019
January	-0.170	0.116	-0.272	-0.134	-0.052
February	-0.187	0.145	-0.295	-0.137	-0.071
March	-0.205	0.145	-0.295	-0.140	-0.093
April	-0.228	0.154	-0.318	-0.142	-0.118
May	-0.248	0.164	-0.329	-0.139	-0.139
June	-0.267	0.164	-0.340	-0.148	-0.160
July	-0.253	0.182	-0.339	-0.139	-0.148
August	-0.226	0.202	-0.373	-0.121	-0.103
September	-0.198	0.240	-0.350	-0.136	-0.061
October	-0.164	0.278	-0.350	-0.147	-0.007
November	-0.131	0.306	-0.338	-0.144	0.049
December	-0.094	0.354	-0.316	-0.141	0.094
2020
January	-0.055	0.392	-0.304	-0.141	0.145
February	-0.013	0.420	-0.338	-0.135	0.206
March	0.031	0.401	-0.428	-0.132	0.282
April	0.064	0.430	-0.450	-0.154	0.359
May	0.091	0.468	-0.428	-0.183	0.417
June	0.109	0.496	-0.394	-0.220	0.442
July	0.125	0.544	-0.394	-0.219	0.425
August	0.133	0.582	-0.405	-0.216	0.409
September	0.128	0.658	-0.405	-0.205	0.378
October	0.107	0.686	-0.405	-0.227	0.336
November	0.078	0.677	-0.383	-0.270	0.290
December	0.052	0.686	-0.394	-0.321	0.266
2021
January	0.041	0.762	-0.360	-0.369	0.252
February	0.018	0.809	-0.450	-0.419	0.259
March	0.003	0.847	-0.506	-0.456	0.275
April	-0.012	0.923	-0.528	-0.484	0.279
May	-0.018	0.999	-0.540	-0.481	0.242
June	0.013	1.095	-0.506	-0.430	0.228
July	0.011	1.122	-0.540	-0.410	0.207
August	0.009	1.131	-0.573	-0.392	0.172
September	0.004	1.188	-0.551	-0.428	0.119
October	0.008	1.254	-0.517	-0.461	0.094
November	0.031	1.358	-0.438	-0.491	0.094
December	0.028	1.385	-0.438	-0.524	0.084
2022
January	0.040	1.402	-0.460	-0.540	0.127
February	0.037	1.447	-0.504	-0.561	0.152
March	0.048	1.407	-0.537	-0.580	0.195
April	0.065	1.415	-0.625	-0.623	0.260
May	0.087	1.432	-0.680	-0.650	0.328
June	0.115	1.458	-0.679	-0.635	0.364
July	0.163	1.494	-0.655	-0.575	0.397
August	0.195	1.492	-0.676	-0.543	0.428
September	0.228	1.518	-0.697	-0.566	0.505
October	0.245	1.525	-0.695	-0.622	0.565
November	0.295	1.579	-0.694	-0.610	0.664
December	0.326	1.586	-0.769	-0.606	0.733
2023
January	0.366	1.658	-0.768	-0.557	0.806
February	0.436	1.776	-0.733	-0.499	0.937
March	0.447	1.733	-0.786	-0.513	0.967
April	0.462	1.682	-0.827	-0.533	0.976
May	0.491	1.752	-0.825	-0.536	1.024
June	0.516	1.757	-0.791	-0.568	1.035
July	0.550	1.836	-0.746	-0.603	1.087
August	0.533	1.793	-0.840	-0.677	1.109
September	0.549	1.816	-0.817	-0.667	1.154
October	0.569	1.812	-0.826	-0.654	1.209
November	0.606	1.826	-0.781	-0.636	1.268
December	0.654	1.858	-0.737	-0.584	1.344
2024
January	0.599	1.787	-0.778	-0.618	1.299
February	0.639	1.818	-0.712	-0.564	1.357
March	0.653	1.822	-0.711	-0.524	1.381
April	0.644	1.833	-0.666	-0.501	1.390
May	0.669	1.863	-0.633	-0.463	1.438
June	0.679	1.883	-0.621	-0.446	1.468
July	0.635	1.840	-0.629	-0.456	1.433
August	0.630	1.817	-0.628	-0.430	1.441
September	0.583	1.758	-0.668	-0.490	1.420
October	0.548	1.719	-0.708	-0.524	1.413
November	0.492	1.663	-0.738	-0.565	1.369
December	0.470	1.608	-0.768	-0.593	1.375

3.0 Gender

Changes have been introduced to the LFS microdata starting in January 2022 to use gender (men+, women+) instead of sex of person (male, female). Gender refers to an individual's personal and social identity as a man, woman or non-binary person (a person who is not exclusively a man or a woman). Some people may not identify with a specific gender and a person's gender may change over time. A person's gender may differ from their sex at birth, and from what is indicated on their current identification or legal documents such as their birth certificate, passport or driver's license.

LFS started collecting gender of person in January 2022 at the same time a distinct sex at birth question was asked. Prior to 2022, LFS only collected information on sex of person (male or female), as recorded by the interviewer based on presentation.

The sex variable prior to 2022 and the two-category gender variable since 2022 are combined in LFS data tables. Although sex and gender refer to two different concepts, the introduction of gender is not expected to have a significant impact on data analysis and historical comparability, given the small size of the transgender and non-binary populations. Given that the non-binary population is small, data aggregation to a two-category gender variable is necessary to protect the confidentiality of responses provided. Individuals in the category “non-binary persons” are distributed into the other two gender categories and are denoted by the “+” symbol into published tables and microdata. The category “Men+” includes men and boys, as well as some non-binary persons, while the category “Women+” includes women and girls, as well as some non-binary persons.

4.0 Geographic boundary changes

Changes to the Standard Geographical Classification (SGC) introduced in conjunction with the 2021 Census resulted in the modification of boundaries for certain sub-provincial areas, such as census metropolitan areas (CMAs), economic regions (ERs), census agglomerations (CAs), and census subdivisions (CSDs).

All LFS data tables for sub-provincial areas have been revised back to 2011, to reflect 2021 SGC boundaries. A concordance table for the new and old tables published on the website is available in Table C-1 of Appendix C.

4.1 Census metropolitan areas (CMAs) and Census Agglomerations (CAs)

Six new CMAs were added to the SGC in 2021: Fredericton (New Brunswick); Drummondville (Quebec); Red Deer (Alberta); Kamloops, Chilliwack, and Nanaimo (British Columbia), which were all CAs in 2016. Five new CAs were added to the SGC in 2021: Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts and Amos (Quebec); Essa (Ontario); Trail and Ladysmith (British Columbia).  

The most notable boundary changes among existing CMAs are the incorporation of the Leamington CA into the Windsor CMA, the incorporation of the Arnprior and Carleton Place CAs into the Ottawa-Gatineau CMA and the incorporation of the East Hants census subdivision (CSD) into the Halifax CMA. 

Estimates published for CMAs are three-month moving averages, and the population control totals and boundaries were revised back to 2011; therefore, the new series begins in March 2011.

4.2 Census subdivisions (CSDs)

The boundaries for four CSDs have changed: Moncton (New Brunswick); Montréal (Quebec); Thunder Bay (Ontario); and Regina (Saskatchewan). Estimates published for CSDs are three-month moving averages starting in January 2022.

4.3 Economic regions (ERs)

No major changes were made to the boundaries of the economic regions. Even though geographic changes were made to some census divisions, these changes did not impact the boundaries of the SGC 2021 ERs.

5.0 Industry and occupation classification update

Consistent with the standard practice of adopting the most recent industry and occupation classification structures when data are rebased, LFS historical series have been revised to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 2022 V1.0. LFS was previously using industry classification NAICS 2017 V3.0.

The LFS transitioned to the most recent occupational classification, National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 V1.0, as part of a previous historical revision published in January 2023.

5.1 Industry classification

For data from 1987 onwards, the LFS has been revised to the NAICS Canada 2022 V1.0 from the 2017 NAICS. The NAICS has been developed by the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico, and the United States as a standard industry classification.

Differences between the NAICS 2017 and NAICS 2022 classifications are observed only at a detailed level and will have no impact on published LFS tables. For more information, refer to the summary of changes from NAICS 2017 V3.0 to NAICS 2022 V1.0.

All LFS data tables for industry have been revised back to the beginning of the series to reflect the new industry classification.

5.2 Occupation classification

Starting in 1998, other coding enhancements were applied to improve the longitudinal coherence of LFS occupation data. Changes are observed mainly at the detailed occupation level and have minimal impact on published LFS occupation series.

6.0 Other improvements

Starting with the beginning of the immigrant series in 2006, landing month is available for all immigrants. Previously, landing month was available only for immigrants who had landed in the last five years. The updated processing system uses imputation to provide a landing month for all respondents using distributions of LFS landing month validated by administrative data from the immigration database. This change improves the longitudinal consistency of labour force estimates for subgroupings of immigrants who landed more than five years ago.

7.0 Impact on labour market estimates since 2008

While population control totals were revised back to January 2011, seasonally adjusted and trend-cycle data for labour market indicators were also revised for an additional four years, back to January 2008 and July 2007, respectively, to ensure no break in the series.

Charts 7 (A,B,C,D,E,F,G) and 8 (A,B,C,D) present comparisons of monthly seasonally adjusted labour market indicators using unrevised and revised data at the national level by age and gender.

7.1 Impact at the national level on labour market estimates

Monthly seasonally adjusted employment levels were typically revised slightly upward, coinciding with the changes to the new population control totals (Chart 7-A). These revisions were most notable between 2019 and 2024, where employment was higher by 0.3% (+67,000) on average. From 2011 to 2018, the differences were small and the average revision to the number of employed was 0.2% (-36,000) lower than in the unrevised data.

Data table for Chart 7a

Data table for Chart 7-A
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 7-A Revised and Unrevised, calculated using thousands units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Revised	Unrevised
	thousands
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2008
January	16,932.2	16,941.7
February	16,967.5	16,972.8
March	16,972.1	16,964.3
April	16,971.8	16,973.7
May	16,986.8	16,987.9
June	16,996.2	16,992.0
July	16,980.9	16,979.5
August	17,003.3	16,997.9
September	17,025.4	17,027.8
October	17,070.5	17,076.7
November	16,982.7	16,979.0
December	16,972.3	16,966.5
2009
January	16,824.7	16,827.0
February	16,782.4	16,784.8
March	16,756.4	16,765.0
April	16,730.8	16,730.5
May	16,740.7	16,741.8
June	16,712.7	16,710.2
July	16,702.8	16,700.2
August	16,702.7	16,696.5
September	16,743.8	16,745.0
October	16,753.3	16,757.6
November	16,824.7	16,822.0
December	16,797.4	16,794.3
2010
January	16,825.0	16,824.3
February	16,818.0	16,821.6
March	16,861.7	16,869.0
April	16,928.5	16,926.4
May	16,946.8	16,948.9
June	17,024.6	17,022.8
July	17,036.5	17,032.2
August	17,062.1	17,064.5
September	17,058.4	17,057.8
October	17,044.3	17,046.4
November	17,089.4	17,088.3
December	17,117.4	17,116.9
2011
January	17,187.2	17,187.5
February	17,174.8	17,181.0
March	17,173.7	17,188.1
April	17,222.1	17,226.2
May	17,187.4	17,207.5
June	17,218.8	17,253.6
July	17,256.4	17,290.4
August	17,269.4	17,306.6
September	17,272.0	17,300.4
October	17,258.0	17,286.8
November	17,241.4	17,280.5
December	17,258.2	17,296.6
2012
January	17,270.1	17,304.1
February	17,245.0	17,291.4
March	17,338.6	17,382.8
April	17,416.2	17,467.2
May	17,412.2	17,454.0
June	17,414.7	17,453.9
July	17,439.8	17,479.4
August	17,486.0	17,527.6
September	17,534.5	17,577.5
October	17,543.2	17,585.1
November	17,563.8	17,614.2
December	17,609.5	17,662.3
2013
January	17,600.7	17,655.2
February	17,676.1	17,714.8
March	17,610.4	17,642.4
April	17,641.3	17,671.2
May	17,692.5	17,734.6
June	17,682.1	17,726.7
July	17,650.1	17,698.9
August	17,677.9	17,727.1
September	17,659.6	17,717.1
October	17,664.4	17,725.9
November	17,691.3	17,735.4
December	17,668.9	17,704.1
2014
January	17,666.4	17,721.0
February	17,662.7	17,719.7
March	17,699.4	17,737.1
April	17,691.2	17,727.6
May	17,687.7	17,730.7
June	17,720.5	17,761.2
July	17,771.9	17,815.2
August	17,723.7	17,771.8
September	17,756.0	17,798.5
October	17,782.2	17,825.5
November	17,784.5	17,826.7
December	17,821.7	17,860.2
2015
January	17,813.1	17,861.9
February	17,827.2	17,878.8
March	17,854.1	17,920.5
April	17,819.4	17,878.7
May	17,843.7	17,897.2
June	17,836.7	17,883.9
July	17,863.3	17,903.0
August	17,889.0	17,926.7
September	17,890.2	17,938.3
October	17,899.1	17,951.7
November	17,872.6	17,917.6
December	17,867.4	17,905.0
2016
January	17,871.6	17,899.2
February	17,889.0	17,929.6
March	17,892.8	17,934.7
April	17,919.7	17,964.0
May	17,947.4	17,992.7
June	17,954.5	18,000.4
July	17,943.2	17,988.4
August	17,994.2	18,046.1
September	18,032.5	18,070.3
October	18,051.2	18,096.6
November	18,076.0	18,114.2
December	18,104.0	18,141.2
2017
January	18,172.5	18,223.2
February	18,216.6	18,251.5
March	18,241.5	18,272.7
April	18,271.6	18,296.7
May	18,312.9	18,332.5
June	18,371.4	18,391.6
July	18,416.9	18,434.1
August	18,436.4	18,460.2
September	18,442.5	18,459.6
October	18,475.1	18,489.2
November	18,550.5	18,567.5
December	18,619.7	18,631.9
2018
January	18,576.8	18,594.9
February	18,570.3	18,585.0
March	18,630.1	18,642.0
April	18,613.0	18,638.3
May	18,621.7	18,641.5
June	18,677.6	18,692.8
July	18,763.9	18,773.1
August	18,704.7	18,725.7
September	18,797.5	18,802.7
October	18,814.9	18,821.3
November	18,869.4	18,897.2
December	18,892.8	18,932.4
2019
January	18,920.5	18,973.9
February	18,965.7	19,025.1
March	18,932.9	18,989.6
April	19,053.7	19,116.4
May	19,067.3	19,132.4
June	19,078.6	19,144.9
July	19,072.4	19,127.9
August	19,133.9	19,178.7
September	19,142.8	19,183.1
October	19,130.9	19,174.3
November	19,096.8	19,128.1
December	19,186.5	19,198.7
2020
January	19,204.7	19,226.1
February	19,202.9	19,223.4
March	18,058.2	18,075.0
April	16,085.8	16,083.6
May	16,410.7	16,395.4
June	17,469.4	17,431.2
July	17,895.5	17,847.6
August	18,129.3	18,072.9
September	18,555.9	18,501.4
October	18,616.4	18,566.1
November	18,650.0	18,602.5
December	18,591.7	18,539.8
2021
January	18,392.1	18,349.7
February	18,632.0	18,604.0
March	18,873.0	18,858.8
April	18,673.8	18,662.0
May	18,623.6	18,613.0
June	18,894.4	18,876.8
July	19,016.5	18,988.8
August	19,081.7	19,068.0
September	19,251.1	19,227.1
October	19,288.1	19,271.7
November	19,437.3	19,411.0
December	19,508.8	19,493.6
2022
January	19,305.4	19,280.1
February	19,629.0	19,615.3
March	19,647.8	19,639.8
April	19,709.7	19,692.9
May	19,763.4	19,736.5
June	19,750.8	19,705.0
July	19,787.5	19,740.1
August	19,781.2	19,728.6
September	19,796.1	19,727.8
October	19,882.8	19,808.8
November	19,923.8	19,837.0
December	19,998.5	19,907.4
2023
January	20,113.5	20,017.0
February	20,153.3	20,034.9
March	20,214.1	20,076.4
April	20,257.8	20,114.5
May	20,246.7	20,115.5
June	20,332.9	20,173.0
July	20,352.1	20,168.1
August	20,412.1	20,219.1
September	20,465.3	20,269.8
October	20,493.9	20,293.7
November	20,518.5	20,318.1
December	20,532.8	20,324.9
2024
January	20,577.1	20,362.2
February	20,607.7	20,402.9
March	20,614.5	20,400.7
April	20,700.5	20,491.1
May	20,698.3	20,517.8
June	20,715.9	20,516.4
July	20,712.9	20,513.6
August	20,742.6	20,535.7
September	20,779.3	20,582.4
October	20,782.6	20,596.9
November	20,826.4	20,647.4
December	20,917.4	20,738.3

Revisions had a relatively small impact on month-to-month employment variations in recent years (Chart 7-B). For example, revised data indicate that monthly employment growth has averaged 45,000 (+0.2%) in 2023 and 32,000 (+0.2%) in 2024. In comparison, unrevised estimates for average monthly employment growth were 35,000 (+0.2%) for 2023 and 34,000 (+0.2%) for 2024.

Data table for Chart 7b

Data table for Chart 7-B
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 7-B Revised and Unrevised, calculated using month-to-month change (percent) units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Revised	Unrevised
	month-to-month change (percent)
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2008
January	0.148	0.205
February	0.208	0.184
March	0.027	-0.050
April	-0.002	0.055
May	0.088	0.084
June	0.055	0.024
July	-0.090	-0.074
August	0.132	0.108
September	0.130	0.176
October	0.265	0.287
November	-0.514	-0.572
December	-0.061	-0.074
2009
January	-0.870	-0.822
February	-0.251	-0.251
March	-0.155	-0.118
April	-0.153	-0.206
May	0.059	0.068
June	-0.167	-0.189
July	-0.059	-0.060
August	-0.001	-0.022
September	0.246	0.290
October	0.057	0.075
November	0.426	0.384
December	-0.162	-0.165
2010
January	0.164	0.179
February	-0.042	-0.016
March	0.260	0.282
April	0.396	0.340
May	0.108	0.133
June	0.459	0.436
July	0.070	0.055
August	0.150	0.190
September	-0.022	-0.039
October	-0.083	-0.067
November	0.265	0.246
December	0.164	0.167
2011
January	0.408	0.412
February	-0.072	-0.038
March	-0.006	0.041
April	0.282	0.222
May	-0.201	-0.109
June	0.183	0.268
July	0.218	0.213
August	0.075	0.094
September	0.015	-0.036
October	-0.081	-0.079
November	-0.096	-0.036
December	0.097	0.093
2012
January	0.069	0.043
February	-0.145	-0.073
March	0.543	0.529
April	0.448	0.486
May	-0.023	-0.076
June	0.014	-0.001
July	0.144	0.146
August	0.265	0.276
September	0.277	0.285
October	0.050	0.043
November	0.117	0.165
December	0.260	0.273
2013
January	-0.050	-0.040
February	0.428	0.338
March	-0.372	-0.409
April	0.175	0.163
May	0.290	0.359
June	-0.059	-0.045
July	-0.181	-0.157
August	0.158	0.159
September	-0.104	-0.056
October	0.027	0.050
November	0.152	0.054
December	-0.127	-0.176
2014
January	-0.014	0.095
February	-0.021	-0.007
March	0.208	0.098
April	-0.046	-0.054
May	-0.020	0.017
June	0.185	0.172
July	0.290	0.304
August	-0.271	-0.244
September	0.182	0.150
October	0.148	0.152
November	0.013	0.007
December	0.209	0.188
2015
January	-0.048	0.010
February	0.079	0.095
March	0.151	0.233
April	-0.194	-0.233
May	0.136	0.103
June	-0.039	-0.074
July	0.149	0.107
August	0.144	0.132
September	0.007	0.065
October	0.050	0.075
November	-0.148	-0.190
December	-0.029	-0.070
2016
January	0.024	-0.032
February	0.097	0.170
March	0.021	0.028
April	0.150	0.163
May	0.155	0.160
June	0.040	0.043
July	-0.063	-0.067
August	0.284	0.321
September	0.213	0.134
October	0.104	0.146
November	0.137	0.097
December	0.155	0.149
2017
January	0.378	0.452
February	0.243	0.155
March	0.137	0.116
April	0.165	0.131
May	0.226	0.196
June	0.319	0.322
July	0.248	0.231
August	0.106	0.142
September	0.033	-0.003
October	0.177	0.160
November	0.408	0.423
December	0.373	0.347
2018
January	-0.230	-0.199
February	-0.035	-0.053
March	0.322	0.307
April	-0.092	-0.020
May	0.047	0.017
June	0.300	0.275
July	0.462	0.430
August	-0.315	-0.252
September	0.496	0.411
October	0.093	0.099
November	0.290	0.403
December	0.124	0.186
2019
January	0.147	0.219
February	0.239	0.270
March	-0.173	-0.187
April	0.638	0.668
May	0.071	0.084
June	0.059	0.065
July	-0.032	-0.089
August	0.322	0.266
September	0.047	0.023
October	-0.062	-0.046
November	-0.178	-0.241
December	0.470	0.369
2020
January	0.095	0.143
February	-0.009	-0.014
March	-5.961	-5.974
April	-10.922	-11.017
May	2.020	1.939
June	6.451	6.318
July	2.439	2.389
August	1.306	1.262
September	2.353	2.371
October	0.326	0.350
November	0.180	0.196
December	-0.313	-0.337
2021
January	-1.074	-1.025
February	1.304	1.386
March	1.293	1.370
April	-1.055	-1.044
May	-0.269	-0.263
June	1.454	1.417
July	0.646	0.593
August	0.343	0.417
September	0.888	0.834
October	0.192	0.232
November	0.774	0.723
December	0.368	0.426
2022
January	-1.043	-1.095
February	1.676	1.739
March	0.096	0.125
April	0.315	0.270
May	0.272	0.221
June	-0.064	-0.160
July	0.186	0.178
August	-0.032	-0.058
September	0.075	-0.004
October	0.438	0.411
November	0.206	0.142
December	0.375	0.355
2023
January	0.575	0.551
February	0.198	0.089
March	0.302	0.207
April	0.216	0.190
May	-0.055	0.005
June	0.426	0.286
July	0.094	-0.024
August	0.295	0.253
September	0.261	0.251
October	0.140	0.118
November	0.120	0.120
December	0.070	0.033
2024
January	0.216	0.184
February	0.149	0.200
March	0.033	-0.011
April	0.417	0.443
May	-0.011	0.130
June	0.085	-0.007
July	-0.014	-0.014
August	0.143	0.108
September	0.177	0.227
October	0.016	0.070
November	0.211	0.245
December	0.437	0.440

The employment rate was revised downward slightly on average throughout the revision period (Chart 7-C). From 2011 to 2020, the revised employment rate was on average 0.1 percentage points lower, reaching a maximum difference of 0.2 percentage points. The revised and unrevised rates showed little difference between 2021 and 2022. Some of the largest differences were observed in 2023 and 2024, where the employment rate was on average 0.2 percentage points higher. The maximum difference between the revised employment rate and the unrevised rate was 0.3 percentage points (for example, in November 2024 the revised employment rate was 60.9% compared with the originally published 60.6%). Revisions had virtually no impact on month-to-month variations in the employment rate in recent years.

Data table for Chart 7c

Data table for Chart 7-C
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 7-C Revised and Unrevised, calculated using percent units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Revised	Unrevised
	percent
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2008
January	63.5	63.5
February	63.6	63.6
March	63.5	63.5
April	63.5	63.5
May	63.4	63.4
June	63.4	63.4
July	63.2	63.2
August	63.3	63.2
September	63.2	63.3
October	63.3	63.4
November	63.0	62.9
December	62.9	62.8
2009
January	62.2	62.3
February	62.0	62.0
March	61.9	61.9
April	61.7	61.7
May	61.7	61.7
June	61.5	61.4
July	61.3	61.3
August	61.3	61.3
September	61.3	61.3
October	61.3	61.3
November	61.5	61.5
December	61.4	61.3
2010
January	61.4	61.4
February	61.3	61.3
March	61.4	61.4
April	61.6	61.6
May	61.6	61.6
June	61.8	61.8
July	61.7	61.7
August	61.7	61.7
September	61.7	61.7
October	61.6	61.6
November	61.7	61.7
December	61.7	61.7
2011
January	61.9	61.9
February	61.8	61.8
March	61.8	61.8
April	61.9	61.9
May	61.7	61.8
June	61.7	61.9
July	61.8	61.9
August	61.8	61.9
September	61.7	61.8
October	61.6	61.7
November	61.5	61.7
December	61.5	61.7
2012
January	61.5	61.6
February	61.4	61.5
March	61.7	61.8
April	61.9	62.0
May	61.8	61.9
June	61.7	61.9
July	61.7	61.9
August	61.8	62.0
September	62.0	62.1
October	61.9	62.1
November	62.0	62.1
December	62.1	62.2
2013
January	62.0	62.2
February	62.2	62.3
March	61.9	62.0
April	62.0	62.1
May	62.1	62.2
June	62.0	62.1
July	61.8	62.0
August	61.8	62.0
September	61.7	61.9
October	61.7	61.9
November	61.7	61.9
December	61.6	61.7
2014
January	61.6	61.7
February	61.5	61.7
March	61.6	61.7
April	61.5	61.6
May	61.4	61.5
June	61.5	61.6
July	61.6	61.7
August	61.4	61.5
September	61.4	61.6
October	61.5	61.6
November	61.5	61.6
December	61.6	61.7
2015
January	61.5	61.7
February	61.5	61.7
March	61.6	61.8
April	61.4	61.6
May	61.5	61.6
June	61.4	61.5
July	61.4	61.6
August	61.5	61.6
September	61.4	61.6
October	61.4	61.6
November	61.3	61.4
December	61.2	61.3
2016
January	61.2	61.3
February	61.2	61.3
March	61.1	61.3
April	61.2	61.3
May	61.2	61.3
June	61.1	61.3
July	61.0	61.2
August	61.1	61.3
September	61.2	61.3
October	61.2	61.3
November	61.2	61.4
December	61.3	61.4
2017
January	61.4	61.6
February	61.5	61.7
March	61.6	61.7
April	61.6	61.7
May	61.6	61.7
June	61.8	61.8
July	61.9	61.9
August	61.8	61.9
September	61.8	61.8
October	61.8	61.9
November	62.0	62.0
December	62.2	62.2
2018
January	61.9	62.0
February	61.8	61.9
March	62.0	62.0
April	61.8	61.9
May	61.8	61.8
June	61.9	61.9
July	62.0	62.1
August	61.8	61.8
September	62.0	62.0
October	62.0	62.0
November	62.1	62.2
December	62.2	62.2
2019
January	62.2	62.3
February	62.3	62.4
March	62.1	62.2
April	62.4	62.5
May	62.4	62.5
June	62.4	62.4
July	62.2	62.3
August	62.3	62.3
September	62.3	62.3
October	62.1	62.2
November	61.9	62.0
December	62.2	62.1
2020
January	62.1	62.2
February	62.1	62.1
March	58.3	58.3
April	51.9	51.9
May	52.9	52.9
June	56.2	56.2
July	57.5	57.5
August	58.2	58.1
September	59.6	59.5
October	59.7	59.6
November	59.8	59.7
December	59.6	59.5
2021
January	58.9	58.8
February	59.7	59.6
March	60.4	60.4
April	59.8	59.7
May	59.6	59.5
June	60.4	60.3
July	60.7	60.6
August	60.8	60.8
September	61.3	61.2
October	61.4	61.3
November	61.8	61.7
December	61.9	61.9
2022
January	61.2	61.1
February	62.1	62.1
March	62.1	62.1
April	62.2	62.2
May	62.3	62.2
June	62.1	62.1
July	62.2	62.1
August	62.0	62.0
September	62.0	61.9
October	62.1	62.0
November	62.1	62.1
December	62.3	62.2
2023
January	62.5	62.4
February	62.5	62.4
March	62.5	62.3
April	62.5	62.3
May	62.3	62.2
June	62.3	62.2
July	62.2	62.0
August	62.2	62.0
September	62.2	62.0
October	62.1	61.9
November	62.0	61.8
December	61.9	61.7
2024
January	61.8	61.6
February	61.7	61.5
March	61.6	61.4
April	61.6	61.4
May	61.4	61.3
June	61.3	61.1
July	61.1	60.9
August	61.0	60.8
September	61.0	60.7
October	60.8	60.6
November	60.9	60.6
December	61.0	60.8

Revised unemployment levels and rates were little changed compared with the unrevised estimates (Chart 7-D, 7-E).  The national unemployment rate in December 2024 was unchanged from the unrevised rate (6.7%). Over the period of 2011 to 2024, the unemployment rate changed by a maximum of 0.2 percentage points.

Data table for Chart 7d

Data table for Chart 7-C
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 7-C Revised and Unrevised, calculated using thousands units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Revised	Unrevised
	thousands
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2008
January	1,107.2	1,104.1
February	1,106.0	1,101.7
March	1,113.6	1,121.5
April	1,117.7	1,120.2
May	1,116.3	1,113.9
June	1,113.4	1,107.8
July	1,113.7	1,115.3
August	1,116.4	1,118.0
September	1,150.9	1,147.5
October	1,171.1	1,163.9
November	1,219.2	1,220.8
December	1,278.4	1,281.6
2009
January	1,371.7	1,371.4
February	1,479.0	1,479.5
March	1,528.0	1,519.3
April	1,538.2	1,538.4
May	1,586.5	1,581.9
June	1,612.7	1,609.5
July	1,606.2	1,609.9
August	1,600.2	1,602.7
September	1,558.8	1,557.2
October	1,570.9	1,566.3
November	1,578.9	1,579.7
December	1,577.2	1,580.0
2010
January	1,536.4	1,537.4
February	1,538.7	1,539.3
March	1,531.7	1,526.3
April	1,513.0	1,511.1
May	1,507.3	1,500.3
June	1,486.3	1,485.2
July	1,514.7	1,520.2
August	1,528.5	1,525.5
September	1,520.6	1,521.8
October	1,497.4	1,495.7
November	1,456.5	1,455.4
December	1,454.4	1,455.5
2011
January	1,459.2	1,461.7
February	1,458.7	1,463.1
March	1,460.2	1,460.7
April	1,453.5	1,455.5
May	1,437.6	1,442.4
June	1,435.9	1,433.1
July	1,386.6	1,384.2
August	1,384.8	1,375.2
September	1,393.6	1,389.7
October	1,407.0	1,401.0
November	1,427.7	1,423.1
December	1,402.2	1,402.0
2012
January	1,438.7	1,440.3
February	1,420.5	1,415.7
March	1,376.9	1,374.1
April	1,398.4	1,395.0
May	1,422.7	1,422.9
June	1,384.3	1,393.0
July	1,379.1	1,374.8
August	1,398.1	1,392.2
September	1,394.5	1,396.5
October	1,399.6	1,407.2
November	1,403.2	1,396.4
December	1,380.1	1,368.8
2013
January	1,355.0	1,344.9
February	1,343.5	1,340.1
March	1,381.2	1,384.0
April	1,369.9	1,369.4
May	1,343.5	1,337.8
June	1,362.9	1,368.1
July	1,394.3	1,389.3
August	1,382.3	1,378.9
September	1,358.6	1,349.5
October	1,383.6	1,372.5
November	1,358.4	1,357.6
December	1,407.8	1,412.6
2014
January	1,384.6	1,377.3
February	1,384.8	1,376.9
March	1,351.8	1,352.5
April	1,359.0	1,357.2
May	1,392.1	1,386.8
June	1,378.1	1,366.4
July	1,358.7	1,356.7
August	1,336.1	1,337.9
September	1,341.4	1,340.4
October	1,301.4	1,300.6
November	1,300.2	1,300.7
December	1,272.5	1,275.9
2015
January	1,293.2	1,296.8
February	1,320.8	1,322.0
March	1,329.8	1,317.3
April	1,337.2	1,331.2
May	1,324.7	1,312.4
June	1,326.6	1,315.7
July	1,336.0	1,332.5
August	1,358.3	1,355.2
September	1,368.4	1,361.2
October	1,351.5	1,341.5
November	1,374.2	1,367.2
December	1,397.4	1,393.3
2016
January	1,396.1	1,399.3
February	1,408.1	1,406.1
March	1,397.2	1,393.1
April	1,413.8	1,407.2
May	1,362.1	1,357.0
June	1,345.1	1,333.7
July	1,346.8	1,342.8
August	1,334.9	1,331.4
September	1,352.7	1,359.0
October	1,341.0	1,344.5
November	1,326.5	1,326.2
December	1,349.1	1,349.0
2017
January	1,339.1	1,325.3
February	1,295.8	1,291.9
March	1,307.7	1,305.9
April	1,273.0	1,268.4
May	1,302.8	1,302.9
June	1,275.9	1,277.4
July	1,236.7	1,238.8
August	1,225.3	1,218.5
September	1,225.5	1,230.2
October	1,246.8	1,255.3
November	1,215.7	1,214.0
December	1,198.3	1,195.4
2018
January	1,168.9	1,159.7
February	1,188.3	1,180.7
March	1,155.0	1,150.1
April	1,144.1	1,151.0
May	1,160.2	1,159.4
June	1,183.6	1,187.9
July	1,172.4	1,168.3
August	1,196.2	1,187.9
September	1,150.6	1,164.6
October	1,118.4	1,139.6
November	1,136.5	1,144.4
December	1,129.8	1,135.6
2019
January	1,147.8	1,148.7
February	1,165.0	1,162.9
March	1,176.2	1,182.0
April	1,154.5	1,163.7
May	1,103.1	1,102.6
June	1,121.2	1,131.2
July	1,162.0	1,167.3
August	1,166.3	1,174.4
September	1,139.4	1,145.7
October	1,143.6	1,143.8
November	1,197.0	1,201.4
December	1,139.7	1,144.2
2020
January	1,121.5	1,118.3
February	1,182.0	1,170.5
March	1,667.0	1,647.8
April	2,545.7	2,540.1
May	2,720.5	2,691.1
June	2,508.3	2,473.3
July	2,198.4	2,203.3
August	2,034.8	2,043.3
September	1,862.3	1,870.2
October	1,835.1	1,843.3
November	1,756.7	1,763.8
December	1,812.7	1,817.1
2021
January	1,863.4	1,868.8
February	1,729.0	1,730.0
March	1,576.9	1,577.8
April	1,677.1	1,676.2
May	1,681.2	1,680.2
June	1,620.0	1,617.0
July	1,524.0	1,525.8
August	1,467.1	1,465.3
September	1,454.5	1,455.1
October	1,336.2	1,333.5
November	1,262.2	1,267.6
December	1,232.4	1,231.3
2022
January	1,325.4	1,336.9
February	1,135.6	1,133.6
March	1,114.9	1,113.5
April	1,116.5	1,112.9
May	1,084.2	1,081.7
June	1,027.4	1,031.4
July	1,007.1	1,004.4
August	1,083.9	1,091.1
September	1,066.6	1,067.3
October	1,072.5	1,070.1
November	1,058.7	1,059.2
December	1,051.1	1,040.5
2023
January	1,079.9	1,055.3
February	1,087.2	1,074.8
March	1,070.1	1,073.4
April	1,080.0	1,081.4
May	1,111.8	1,115.1
June	1,153.4	1,161.9
July	1,175.3	1,171.8
August	1,177.3	1,186.6
September	1,191.9	1,197.5
October	1,240.6	1,235.9
November	1,245.1	1,240.5
December	1,264.6	1,243.8
2024
January	1,240.1	1,224.6
February	1,287.1	1,260.4
March	1,342.3	1,320.3
April	1,359.6	1,337.4
May	1,383.7	1,365.1
June	1,424.5	1,407.1
July	1,425.3	1,398.5
August	1,478.3	1,458.9
September	1,458.3	1,428.1
October	1,476.3	1,429.0
November	1,540.6	1,516.3
December	1,505.5	1,492.1

Data table for Chart 7e

Data table for Chart 7-E
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 7-E Revised and Unrevised, calculated using percent units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Revised	Unrevised
	percent
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2008
January	6.1	6.1
February	6.1	6.1
March	6.2	6.2
April	6.2	6.2
May	6.2	6.2
June	6.1	6.1
July	6.2	6.2
August	6.2	6.2
September	6.3	6.3
October	6.4	6.4
November	6.7	6.7
December	7.0	7.0
2009
January	7.5	7.5
February	8.1	8.1
March	8.4	8.3
April	8.4	8.4
May	8.7	8.6
June	8.8	8.8
July	8.8	8.8
August	8.7	8.8
September	8.5	8.5
October	8.6	8.5
November	8.6	8.6
December	8.6	8.6
2010
January	8.4	8.4
February	8.4	8.4
March	8.3	8.3
April	8.2	8.2
May	8.2	8.1
June	8.0	8.0
July	8.2	8.2
August	8.2	8.2
September	8.2	8.2
October	8.1	8.1
November	7.9	7.8
December	7.8	7.8
2011
January	7.8	7.8
February	7.8	7.8
March	7.8	7.8
April	7.8	7.8
May	7.7	7.7
June	7.7	7.7
July	7.4	7.4
August	7.4	7.4
September	7.5	7.4
October	7.5	7.5
November	7.6	7.6
December	7.5	7.5
2012
January	7.7	7.7
February	7.6	7.6
March	7.4	7.3
April	7.4	7.4
May	7.6	7.5
June	7.4	7.4
July	7.3	7.3
August	7.4	7.4
September	7.4	7.4
October	7.4	7.4
November	7.4	7.3
December	7.3	7.2
2013
January	7.1	7.1
February	7.1	7.0
March	7.3	7.3
April	7.2	7.2
May	7.1	7.0
June	7.2	7.2
July	7.3	7.3
August	7.3	7.2
September	7.1	7.1
October	7.3	7.2
November	7.1	7.1
December	7.4	7.4
2014
January	7.3	7.2
February	7.3	7.2
March	7.1	7.1
April	7.1	7.1
May	7.3	7.3
June	7.2	7.1
July	7.1	7.1
August	7.0	7.0
September	7.0	7.0
October	6.8	6.8
November	6.8	6.8
December	6.7	6.7
2015
January	6.8	6.8
February	6.9	6.9
March	6.9	6.8
April	7.0	6.9
May	6.9	6.8
June	6.9	6.9
July	7.0	6.9
August	7.1	7.0
September	7.1	7.1
October	7.0	7.0
November	7.1	7.1
December	7.3	7.2
2016
January	7.2	7.3
February	7.3	7.3
March	7.2	7.2
April	7.3	7.3
May	7.1	7.0
June	7.0	6.9
July	7.0	6.9
August	6.9	6.9
September	7.0	7.0
October	6.9	6.9
November	6.8	6.8
December	6.9	6.9
2017
January	6.9	6.8
February	6.6	6.6
March	6.7	6.7
April	6.5	6.5
May	6.6	6.6
June	6.5	6.5
July	6.3	6.3
August	6.2	6.2
September	6.2	6.2
October	6.3	6.4
November	6.2	6.1
December	6.0	6.0
2018
January	5.9	5.9
February	6.0	6.0
March	5.8	5.8
April	5.8	5.8
May	5.9	5.9
June	6.0	6.0
July	5.9	5.9
August	6.0	6.0
September	5.8	5.8
October	5.6	5.7
November	5.7	5.7
December	5.6	5.7
2019
January	5.7	5.7
February	5.8	5.8
March	5.8	5.9
April	5.7	5.7
May	5.5	5.4
June	5.6	5.6
July	5.7	5.8
August	5.7	5.8
September	5.6	5.6
October	5.6	5.6
November	5.9	5.9
December	5.6	5.6
2020
January	5.5	5.5
February	5.8	5.7
March	8.5	8.4
April	13.7	13.6
May	14.2	14.1
June	12.6	12.4
July	10.9	11.0
August	10.1	10.2
September	9.1	9.2
October	9.0	9.0
November	8.6	8.7
December	8.9	8.9
2021
January	9.2	9.2
February	8.5	8.5
March	7.7	7.7
April	8.2	8.2
May	8.3	8.3
June	7.9	7.9
July	7.4	7.4
August	7.1	7.1
September	7.0	7.0
October	6.5	6.5
November	6.1	6.1
December	5.9	5.9
2022
January	6.4	6.5
February	5.5	5.5
March	5.4	5.4
April	5.4	5.3
May	5.2	5.2
June	4.9	5.0
July	4.8	4.8
August	5.2	5.2
September	5.1	5.1
October	5.1	5.1
November	5.0	5.1
December	5.0	5.0
2023
January	5.1	5.0
February	5.1	5.1
March	5.0	5.1
April	5.1	5.1
May	5.2	5.3
June	5.4	5.4
July	5.5	5.5
August	5.5	5.5
September	5.5	5.6
October	5.7	5.7
November	5.7	5.8
December	5.8	5.8
2024
January	5.7	5.7
February	5.9	5.8
March	6.1	6.1
April	6.2	6.1
May	6.3	6.2
June	6.4	6.4
July	6.4	6.4
August	6.7	6.6
September	6.6	6.5
October	6.6	6.5
November	6.9	6.8
December	6.7	6.7

The size of the labour force was revised upward, consistent with the upward revisions to population control totals (Chart 7-F). For the 2020-to-2024 period, the largest revision was observed for March 2024 (+236,000; +1.1%). On average over the revision period, the participation rate was revised downward by 0.1 percentage points (Chart 7-G). Impacts on month-to-month variations in the participation rate were minimal.

Data table for Chart 7f

Data table for Chart 7-F
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 7-F Revised and Unrevised, calculated using thousands units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Revised	Unrevised
	thousands
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2008
January	18,039.4	18,045.9
February	18,073.5	18,074.4
March	18,085.7	18,085.8
April	18,089.5	18,094.0
May	18,103.0	18,101.8
June	18,109.6	18,099.8
July	18,094.6	18,094.8
August	18,119.7	18,115.9
September	18,176.3	18,175.3
October	18,241.6	18,240.6
November	18,201.9	18,199.9
December	18,250.7	18,248.2
2009
January	18,196.4	18,198.4
February	18,261.4	18,264.3
March	18,284.4	18,284.3
April	18,269.0	18,269.0
May	18,327.2	18,323.7
June	18,325.4	18,319.7
July	18,309.0	18,310.0
August	18,302.9	18,299.2
September	18,302.6	18,302.2
October	18,324.2	18,323.9
November	18,403.6	18,401.7
December	18,374.6	18,374.3
2010
January	18,361.4	18,361.7
February	18,356.7	18,360.8
March	18,393.4	18,395.3
April	18,441.5	18,437.5
May	18,454.1	18,449.2
June	18,510.9	18,508.1
July	18,551.2	18,552.3
August	18,590.5	18,590.1
September	18,579.0	18,579.6
October	18,541.7	18,542.0
November	18,545.9	18,543.7
December	18,571.7	18,572.4
2011
January	18,646.5	18,649.2
February	18,633.5	18,644.1
March	18,633.9	18,648.8
April	18,675.6	18,681.7
May	18,625.0	18,649.9
June	18,654.8	18,686.7
July	18,642.9	18,674.6
August	18,654.2	18,681.8
September	18,665.5	18,690.0
October	18,665.0	18,687.8
November	18,669.1	18,703.6
December	18,660.4	18,698.7
2012
January	18,708.8	18,744.3
February	18,665.5	18,707.1
March	18,715.5	18,756.9
April	18,814.6	18,862.2
May	18,834.9	18,876.9
June	18,799.0	18,847.0
July	18,818.9	18,854.2
August	18,884.1	18,919.8
September	18,929.0	18,974.0
October	18,942.8	18,992.3
November	18,967.0	19,010.6
December	18,989.6	19,031.1
2013
January	18,955.7	19,000.1
February	19,019.7	19,054.9
March	18,991.6	19,026.4
April	19,011.2	19,040.6
May	19,036.0	19,072.4
June	19,044.9	19,094.8
July	19,044.4	19,088.2
August	19,060.2	19,106.0
September	19,018.2	19,066.6
October	19,048.0	19,098.4
November	19,049.8	19,093.0
December	19,076.7	19,116.8
2014
January	19,051.0	19,098.3
February	19,047.5	19,096.6
March	19,051.2	19,089.6
April	19,050.3	19,084.8
May	19,079.8	19,117.5
June	19,098.6	19,127.6
July	19,130.6	19,171.9
August	19,059.8	19,109.8
September	19,097.3	19,138.9
October	19,083.5	19,126.1
November	19,084.7	19,127.4
December	19,094.2	19,136.1
2015
January	19,106.3	19,158.7
February	19,148.1	19,200.8
March	19,183.9	19,237.7
April	19,156.6	19,209.9
May	19,168.4	19,209.7
June	19,163.3	19,199.6
July	19,199.2	19,235.4
August	19,247.3	19,281.9
September	19,258.6	19,299.5
October	19,250.6	19,293.2
November	19,246.8	19,284.8
December	19,264.8	19,298.3
2016
January	19,267.7	19,298.5
February	19,297.1	19,335.7
March	19,290.0	19,327.8
April	19,333.5	19,371.2
May	19,309.5	19,349.7
June	19,299.6	19,334.1
July	19,290.0	19,331.2
August	19,329.1	19,377.5
September	19,385.3	19,429.3
October	19,392.2	19,441.2
November	19,402.5	19,440.4
December	19,453.1	19,490.1
2017
January	19,511.5	19,548.5
February	19,512.4	19,543.4
March	19,549.1	19,578.6
April	19,544.7	19,565.1
May	19,615.7	19,635.4
June	19,647.3	19,669.0
July	19,653.7	19,672.9
August	19,661.7	19,678.7
September	19,668.0	19,689.7
October	19,721.9	19,744.4
November	19,766.2	19,781.5
December	19,818.0	19,827.2
2018
January	19,745.7	19,754.6
February	19,758.5	19,765.8
March	19,785.1	19,792.1
April	19,757.1	19,789.3
May	19,781.9	19,800.9
June	19,861.2	19,880.7
July	19,936.4	19,941.4
August	19,900.9	19,913.6
September	19,948.1	19,967.4
October	19,933.4	19,960.9
November	20,006.0	20,041.7
December	20,022.6	20,068.0
2019
January	20,068.3	20,122.5
February	20,130.7	20,188.0
March	20,109.1	20,171.6
April	20,208.2	20,280.1
May	20,170.4	20,234.9
June	20,199.9	20,276.1
July	20,234.5	20,295.1
August	20,300.2	20,353.0
September	20,282.2	20,328.7
October	20,274.5	20,318.1
November	20,293.7	20,329.4
December	20,326.2	20,342.9
2020
January	20,326.2	20,344.4
February	20,384.8	20,393.9
March	19,725.2	19,722.8
April	18,631.6	18,623.7
May	19,131.2	19,086.5
June	19,977.7	19,904.5
July	20,094.0	20,050.9
August	20,164.1	20,116.2
September	20,418.3	20,371.7
October	20,451.5	20,409.4
November	20,406.8	20,366.3
December	20,404.4	20,356.9
2021
January	20,255.6	20,218.5
February	20,361.0	20,334.0
March	20,449.9	20,436.7
April	20,350.9	20,338.2
May	20,304.8	20,293.2
June	20,514.4	20,493.7
July	20,540.5	20,514.7
August	20,548.8	20,533.4
September	20,705.6	20,682.2
October	20,624.4	20,605.2
November	20,699.4	20,678.6
December	20,741.2	20,724.9
2022
January	20,630.7	20,617.0
February	20,764.7	20,748.9
March	20,762.7	20,753.3
April	20,826.2	20,805.8
May	20,847.5	20,818.2
June	20,778.2	20,736.3
July	20,794.5	20,744.5
August	20,865.1	20,819.8
September	20,862.7	20,795.1
October	20,955.3	20,878.9
November	20,982.5	20,896.2
December	21,049.6	20,947.9
2023
January	21,193.4	21,072.2
February	21,240.6	21,109.7
March	21,284.2	21,149.7
April	21,337.7	21,196.0
May	21,358.5	21,230.7
June	21,486.3	21,334.9
July	21,527.4	21,339.9
August	21,589.5	21,405.8
September	21,657.2	21,467.4
October	21,734.6	21,529.6
November	21,763.6	21,558.7
December	21,797.4	21,568.7
2024
January	21,817.2	21,586.9
February	21,894.8	21,663.3
March	21,956.9	21,721.0
April	22,060.1	21,828.5
May	22,081.9	21,883.0
June	22,140.4	21,923.4
July	22,138.2	21,912.1
August	22,220.9	21,994.6
September	22,237.6	22,010.5
October	22,259.0	22,025.9
November	22,367.0	22,163.7
December	22,422.8	22,230.4

Data table for Chart 7g

Data table for Chart 7-G
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 7-G Revised and Unrevised, calculated using percent units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Revised	Unrevised
	percent
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2008
January	67.7	67.7
February	67.7	67.7
March	67.7	67.7
April	67.6	67.7
May	67.6	67.6
June	67.5	67.5
July	67.4	67.4
August	67.4	67.4
September	67.5	67.5
October	67.7	67.7
November	67.5	67.5
December	67.6	67.6
2009
January	67.3	67.3
February	67.5	67.5
March	67.5	67.5
April	67.4	67.4
May	67.5	67.5
June	67.4	67.4
July	67.2	67.2
August	67.1	67.1
September	67.0	67.0
October	67.1	67.1
November	67.3	67.3
December	67.1	67.1
2010
January	67.0	67.0
February	66.9	66.9
March	67.0	67.0
April	67.1	67.1
May	67.1	67.0
June	67.2	67.1
July	67.2	67.2
August	67.3	67.3
September	67.2	67.2
October	67.0	67.0
November	66.9	66.9
December	67.0	67.0
2011
January	67.2	67.2
February	67.1	67.1
March	67.0	67.1
April	67.1	67.1
May	66.8	66.9
June	66.9	67.0
July	66.8	66.9
August	66.7	66.8
September	66.7	66.8
October	66.7	66.7
November	66.6	66.7
December	66.5	66.7
2012
January	66.6	66.8
February	66.4	66.6
March	66.5	66.7
April	66.8	67.0
May	66.8	67.0
June	66.6	66.8
July	66.6	66.7
August	66.8	66.9
September	66.9	67.0
October	66.9	67.0
November	66.9	67.0
December	66.9	67.1
2013
January	66.7	66.9
February	66.9	67.1
March	66.8	66.9
April	66.8	66.9
May	66.8	66.9
June	66.8	66.9
July	66.7	66.8
August	66.7	66.8
September	66.5	66.6
October	66.5	66.7
November	66.5	66.6
December	66.5	66.6
2014
January	66.4	66.5
February	66.3	66.5
March	66.3	66.4
April	66.2	66.3
May	66.3	66.4
June	66.2	66.3
July	66.3	66.4
August	66.0	66.1
September	66.1	66.2
October	66.0	66.1
November	66.0	66.1
December	66.0	66.1
2015
January	66.0	66.1
February	66.1	66.2
March	66.2	66.3
April	66.1	66.2
May	66.1	66.2
June	66.0	66.1
July	66.0	66.1
August	66.1	66.2
September	66.1	66.2
October	66.0	66.2
November	66.0	66.1
December	66.0	66.1
2016
January	65.9	66.1
February	66.0	66.1
March	65.9	66.0
April	66.0	66.1
May	65.8	66.0
June	65.7	65.8
July	65.6	65.7
August	65.7	65.8
September	65.8	65.9
October	65.8	65.9
November	65.7	65.8
December	65.8	66.0
2017
January	66.0	66.1
February	65.9	66.0
March	66.0	66.1
April	65.9	65.9
May	66.0	66.1
June	66.1	66.1
July	66.0	66.1
August	65.9	66.0
September	65.9	65.9
October	66.0	66.1
November	66.1	66.1
December	66.2	66.2
2018
January	65.8	65.8
February	65.8	65.8
March	65.8	65.8
April	65.6	65.7
May	65.6	65.7
June	65.8	65.8
July	65.9	65.9
August	65.7	65.7
September	65.8	65.8
October	65.7	65.7
November	65.9	65.9
December	65.9	65.9
2019
January	66.0	66.0
February	66.1	66.2
March	66.0	66.0
April	66.2	66.3
May	66.0	66.1
June	66.0	66.1
July	66.0	66.0
August	66.1	66.2
September	66.0	66.0
October	65.8	65.9
November	65.8	65.8
December	65.8	65.8
2020
January	65.8	65.8
February	65.9	65.9
March	63.7	63.7
April	60.1	60.1
May	61.6	61.6
June	64.3	64.1
July	64.6	64.6
August	64.8	64.7
September	65.5	65.5
October	65.6	65.5
November	65.4	65.4
December	65.4	65.3
2021
January	64.9	64.8
February	65.2	65.1
March	65.5	65.4
April	65.1	65.1
May	65.0	64.9
June	65.6	65.5
July	65.6	65.5
August	65.5	65.5
September	66.0	65.9
October	65.6	65.6
November	65.8	65.7
December	65.8	65.8
2022
January	65.4	65.4
February	65.7	65.7
March	65.6	65.6
April	65.7	65.7
May	65.7	65.7
June	65.4	65.3
July	65.3	65.3
August	65.4	65.4
September	65.3	65.2
October	65.5	65.4
November	65.5	65.4
December	65.6	65.4
2023
January	65.8	65.7
February	65.8	65.7
March	65.8	65.7
April	65.8	65.7
May	65.7	65.6
June	65.9	65.7
July	65.8	65.6
August	65.8	65.6
September	65.8	65.6
October	65.9	65.6
November	65.8	65.6
December	65.7	65.5
2024
January	65.6	65.3
February	65.6	65.3
March	65.6	65.3
April	65.7	65.4
May	65.6	65.4
June	65.5	65.3
July	65.3	65.0
August	65.4	65.1
September	65.2	64.9
October	65.2	64.8
November	65.4	65.1
December	65.4	65.1

7.2 Impact by age and gender on labour market estimates

Revisions to population control totals affect groups differently based on their underlying labour market characteristics.

Some of the largest employment revisions were for the core-age population (25 to 54 years old), reflecting larger increases in their population control totals. Employment among the core-age population was revised up, more so for men (Chart 8-A) than women (Chart 8-B). The largest difference for core-age men was in June 2024 (+172,000; +2.5%). These differences were 2.0% in 2023 and 1.1% in 2022, on average, respectively. For core-age women, the largest revision was an increase of 1.5% (+96,000) in December 2024.  There were little changes to the core-age participation, employment, and unemployment rates, with smaller impacts on compositional changes.

Data table for Chart 8a

Data table for Chart 8-A
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 8-A Revised and Unrevised, calculated using thousands units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Revised	Unrevised
	thousands
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2008
January	6,156.1	6,161.3
February	6,167.6	6,168.7
March	6,182.9	6,182.9
April	6,176.4	6,177.7
May	6,178.9	6,179.0
June	6,165.2	6,165.7
July	6,146.6	6,147.0
August	6,156.9	6,157.6
September	6,146.2	6,145.8
October	6,170.7	6,170.5
November	6,140.7	6,143.8
December	6,116.0	6,114.8
2009
January	6,040.6	6,041.8
February	6,009.9	6,011.3
March	5,981.7	5,983.1
April	5,962.3	5,962.7
May	5,961.7	5,962.4
June	5,963.5	5,963.5
July	5,986.0	5,984.6
August	5,974.9	5,977.4
September	5,972.8	5,972.2
October	6,005.2	6,004.9
November	6,000.9	6,002.2
December	5,984.3	5,983.2
2010
January	5,980.1	5,980.6
February	5,970.0	5,970.9
March	5,991.6	5,992.2
April	6,015.6	6,014.9
May	6,014.8	6,016.1
June	6,046.7	6,046.4
July	6,051.7	6,047.8
August	6,068.8	6,064.2
September	6,074.4	6,073.4
October	6,054.9	6,054.4
November	6,066.0	6,065.7
December	6,067.8	6,066.9
2011
January	6,088.2	6,088.8
February	6,082.6	6,085.2
March	6,103.0	6,107.7
April	6,108.9	6,111.5
May	6,106.6	6,112.8
June	6,104.5	6,114.6
July	6,108.5	6,113.8
August	6,125.4	6,131.9
September	6,113.9	6,122.3
October	6,108.6	6,119.2
November	6,090.0	6,098.5
December	6,082.0	6,090.2
2012
January	6,106.4	6,114.4
February	6,115.8	6,127.2
March	6,109.7	6,120.8
April	6,121.3	6,134.2
May	6,145.2	6,154.5
June	6,147.1	6,154.7
July	6,132.2	6,145.4
August	6,140.3	6,150.0
September	6,161.7	6,170.7
October	6,155.4	6,161.0
November	6,154.3	6,158.5
December	6,187.4	6,194.6
2013
January	6,139.2	6,150.4
February	6,179.2	6,178.6
March	6,156.0	6,157.0
April	6,167.5	6,171.1
May	6,160.8	6,163.2
June	6,157.1	6,158.8
July	6,157.3	6,167.1
August	6,136.6	6,141.9
September	6,142.9	6,149.0
October	6,145.8	6,151.1
November	6,159.6	6,167.2
December	6,134.6	6,133.4
2014
January	6,145.6	6,158.5
February	6,128.4	6,135.5
March	6,141.3	6,146.3
April	6,141.8	6,146.5
May	6,129.9	6,134.5
June	6,123.0	6,127.1
July	6,131.7	6,136.8
August	6,151.0	6,160.1
September	6,161.8	6,170.3
October	6,159.9	6,167.6
November	6,166.8	6,177.4
December	6,217.2	6,218.1
2015
January	6,173.2	6,180.9
February	6,161.7	6,172.5
March	6,150.4	6,162.3
April	6,140.7	6,151.4
May	6,147.2	6,157.2
June	6,150.8	6,161.0
July	6,158.9	6,165.9
August	6,166.4	6,177.7
September	6,166.6	6,173.1
October	6,176.5	6,184.7
November	6,144.8	6,152.8
December	6,144.3	6,145.6
2016
January	6,141.5	6,141.7
February	6,144.9	6,148.7
March	6,146.5	6,150.7
April	6,140.1	6,145.1
May	6,150.7	6,158.9
June	6,160.0	6,170.1
July	6,151.8	6,157.5
August	6,151.5	6,155.5
September	6,151.4	6,154.8
October	6,151.3	6,155.9
November	6,177.2	6,178.2
December	6,173.7	6,171.1
2017
January	6,192.2	6,196.7
February	6,191.5	6,191.1
March	6,217.2	6,213.0
April	6,228.0	6,219.1
May	6,238.9	6,230.6
June	6,239.5	6,230.8
July	6,270.5	6,256.0
August	6,269.3	6,263.0
September	6,247.3	6,238.3
October	6,258.8	6,250.9
November	6,278.1	6,269.9
December	6,300.6	6,291.3
2018
January	6,309.2	6,304.8
February	6,314.2	6,305.4
March	6,308.2	6,299.1
April	6,320.9	6,313.8
May	6,300.2	6,289.5
June	6,328.5	6,316.4
July	6,316.3	6,309.5
August	6,299.2	6,292.1
September	6,347.6	6,331.7
October	6,364.8	6,350.4
November	6,378.1	6,365.7
December	6,373.4	6,367.8
2019
January	6,369.9	6,361.7
February	6,369.8	6,366.7
March	6,376.1	6,374.2
April	6,377.5	6,379.0
May	6,412.8	6,415.2
June	6,404.0	6,405.9
July	6,418.5	6,421.3
August	6,444.8	6,444.0
September	6,473.5	6,464.3
October	6,433.9	6,425.0
November	6,412.7	6,404.8
December	6,447.5	6,423.9
2020
January	6,446.6	6,418.2
February	6,463.5	6,438.1
March	6,277.1	6,248.5
April	5,643.2	5,615.9
May	5,768.9	5,740.3
June	6,106.2	6,072.5
July	6,184.3	6,142.4
August	6,255.3	6,216.4
September	6,334.0	6,280.9
October	6,356.1	6,303.3
November	6,366.9	6,313.1
December	6,367.2	6,308.1
2021
January	6,335.5	6,274.0
February	6,380.5	6,324.7
March	6,406.9	6,349.8
April	6,403.8	6,346.8
May	6,409.1	6,352.2
June	6,419.9	6,351.4
July	6,452.4	6,386.7
August	6,471.9	6,405.9
September	6,517.0	6,451.5
October	6,557.6	6,494.0
November	6,598.1	6,535.6
December	6,667.4	6,604.8
2022
January	6,641.8	6,570.0
February	6,689.5	6,624.7
March	6,712.0	6,653.7
April	6,723.8	6,663.6
May	6,712.0	6,649.3
June	6,740.2	6,666.3
July	6,752.9	6,684.3
August	6,752.8	6,677.9
September	6,750.3	6,669.9
October	6,785.0	6,690.4
November	6,796.1	6,700.9
December	6,797.6	6,699.2
2023
January	6,850.6	6,740.6
February	6,854.2	6,741.7
March	6,866.7	6,746.1
April	6,881.2	6,765.3
May	6,930.2	6,804.3
June	6,972.8	6,833.0
July	6,948.0	6,813.9
August	6,982.6	6,842.3
September	7,013.7	6,869.5
October	7,017.0	6,861.8
November	7,024.7	6,870.0
December	7,064.9	6,903.5
2024
January	7,071.0	6,908.9
February	7,095.2	6,932.2
March	7,114.7	6,952.1
April	7,150.2	6,992.7
May	7,162.6	7,001.3
June	7,159.1	6,987.5
July	7,192.6	7,035.8
August	7,204.2	7,049.2
September	7,217.9	7,062.5
October	7,214.6	7,056.8
November	7,247.0	7,101.6
December	7,277.4	7,131.2

Data table for Chart 8b

Data table for Chart 8-B
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 8-B Revised and Unrevised, calculated using thousands units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Revised	Unrevised
	thousands
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2008
January	5,533.2	5,533.1
February	5,544.6	5,546.3
March	5,523.4	5,521.1
April	5,527.9	5,527.6
May	5,551.1	5,549.1
June	5,560.6	5,557.9
July	5,554.0	5,553.8
August	5,559.3	5,561.4
September	5,554.7	5,558.4
October	5,574.7	5,575.7
November	5,558.8	5,560.8
December	5,568.3	5,567.1
2009
January	5,538.0	5,538.3
February	5,551.4	5,548.1
March	5,546.0	5,545.3
April	5,539.0	5,537.8
May	5,521.7	5,520.5
June	5,502.1	5,500.7
July	5,488.0	5,487.9
August	5,491.0	5,493.7
September	5,528.9	5,530.8
October	5,520.0	5,520.4
November	5,559.3	5,559.5
December	5,542.4	5,541.9
2010
January	5,553.7	5,553.9
February	5,549.2	5,547.6
March	5,563.6	5,563.1
April	5,565.1	5,562.7
May	5,575.0	5,574.0
June	5,578.6	5,578.0
July	5,563.1	5,563.1
August	5,567.4	5,564.4
September	5,546.1	5,546.7
October	5,532.8	5,533.2
November	5,533.9	5,533.2
December	5,533.6	5,534.5
2011
January	5,567.7	5,569.4
February	5,571.8	5,574.0
March	5,566.0	5,571.4
April	5,577.5	5,580.2
May	5,555.4	5,565.6
June	5,566.2	5,578.9
July	5,573.1	5,587.8
August	5,573.0	5,586.7
September	5,570.7	5,584.2
October	5,567.2	5,584.1
November	5,553.1	5,570.5
December	5,578.4	5,597.5
2012
January	5,577.0	5,596.2
February	5,568.5	5,587.8
March	5,583.1	5,601.2
April	5,596.4	5,620.8
May	5,605.4	5,621.9
June	5,611.2	5,626.6
July	5,626.3	5,640.4
August	5,631.1	5,646.4
September	5,648.8	5,663.2
October	5,650.0	5,667.5
November	5,669.3	5,681.9
December	5,661.6	5,681.4
2013
January	5,649.1	5,665.1
February	5,650.9	5,669.2
March	5,632.3	5,648.0
April	5,640.7	5,656.2
May	5,650.6	5,666.1
June	5,656.3	5,673.6
July	5,659.3	5,674.4
August	5,676.3	5,694.2
September	5,653.1	5,672.5
October	5,663.4	5,681.7
November	5,654.6	5,671.8
December	5,646.8	5,658.4
2014
January	5,631.1	5,647.1
February	5,629.5	5,650.8
March	5,643.5	5,660.2
April	5,610.0	5,625.7
May	5,613.1	5,627.8
June	5,602.9	5,619.5
July	5,616.3	5,634.4
August	5,610.8	5,628.1
September	5,625.9	5,642.7
October	5,646.1	5,664.3
November	5,646.8	5,666.0
December	5,632.2	5,649.8
2015
January	5,633.5	5,653.3
February	5,645.4	5,661.1
March	5,636.7	5,656.7
April	5,643.4	5,665.9
May	5,637.6	5,658.0
June	5,647.5	5,664.7
July	5,650.9	5,669.7
August	5,642.2	5,662.9
September	5,641.8	5,662.0
October	5,607.3	5,629.7
November	5,628.2	5,650.0
December	5,630.1	5,651.0
2016
January	5,643.4	5,660.9
February	5,624.5	5,641.5
March	5,636.3	5,654.0
April	5,649.2	5,666.6
May	5,664.0	5,690.5
June	5,645.8	5,672.7
July	5,640.4	5,665.8
August	5,641.3	5,663.8
September	5,630.3	5,652.6
October	5,644.3	5,671.3
November	5,658.5	5,681.1
December	5,673.1	5,697.5
2017
January	5,712.3	5,738.2
February	5,728.5	5,749.8
March	5,728.5	5,751.2
April	5,726.2	5,742.5
May	5,728.5	5,743.7
June	5,751.0	5,765.2
July	5,742.6	5,755.1
August	5,737.6	5,749.1
September	5,743.1	5,753.6
October	5,736.0	5,747.9
November	5,727.1	5,735.7
December	5,733.9	5,745.8
2018
January	5,722.6	5,732.5
February	5,739.5	5,753.0
March	5,776.0	5,789.5
April	5,781.4	5,796.7
May	5,777.4	5,785.6
June	5,786.5	5,794.2
July	5,822.7	5,831.1
August	5,840.7	5,851.7
September	5,852.5	5,864.6
October	5,862.6	5,876.4
November	5,881.8	5,892.9
December	5,890.8	5,908.0
2019
January	5,876.7	5,897.3
February	5,899.2	5,924.6
March	5,858.5	5,883.0
April	5,885.8	5,906.9
May	5,898.8	5,920.4
June	5,902.5	5,923.2
July	5,891.4	5,908.9
August	5,892.8	5,905.5
September	5,915.6	5,934.2
October	5,908.2	5,922.5
November	5,904.4	5,921.1
December	5,932.3	5,939.6
2020
January	5,934.5	5,950.2
February	5,910.5	5,927.8
March	5,595.8	5,606.4
April	5,118.2	5,115.3
May	5,197.2	5,195.7
June	5,507.6	5,497.6
July	5,631.8	5,618.5
August	5,665.8	5,648.9
September	5,825.6	5,812.6
October	5,847.5	5,831.8
November	5,847.9	5,833.4
December	5,831.4	5,811.0
2021
January	5,757.2	5,740.4
February	5,839.0	5,821.4
March	5,869.4	5,855.6
April	5,835.5	5,822.5
May	5,823.5	5,805.7
June	5,893.3	5,876.6
July	5,918.3	5,901.6
August	5,919.8	5,905.4
September	5,997.6	5,985.9
October	6,018.2	6,004.9
November	6,078.0	6,063.9
December	6,082.0	6,071.0
2022
January	6,018.7	6,004.6
February	6,133.8	6,126.8
March	6,105.8	6,096.4
April	6,147.6	6,136.3
May	6,185.0	6,162.6
June	6,183.1	6,162.8
July	6,186.3	6,166.6
August	6,183.8	6,155.3
September	6,206.9	6,177.1
October	6,230.1	6,200.5
November	6,244.4	6,204.4
December	6,259.5	6,217.5
2023
January	6,296.7	6,246.4
February	6,296.1	6,249.1
March	6,318.0	6,271.7
April	6,322.7	6,268.7
May	6,347.7	6,277.2
June	6,370.0	6,298.2
July	6,376.8	6,298.4
August	6,399.3	6,328.1
September	6,422.3	6,347.5
October	6,434.1	6,351.5
November	6,443.9	6,363.7
December	6,439.6	6,358.6
2024
January	6,444.9	6,356.3
February	6,478.0	6,400.9
March	6,488.8	6,406.6
April	6,511.0	6,433.8
May	6,481.3	6,393.6
June	6,501.1	6,412.1
July	6,512.2	6,423.0
August	6,532.7	6,443.4
September	6,547.6	6,464.1
October	6,545.2	6,458.6
November	6,554.4	6,468.7
December	6,564.9	6,469.0

For youth aged 15 to 24, employment was revised down slightly (Chart 8-C). Differences between revised and unrevised estimates were largest in magnitude between 2021 and 2024 and, on average, were 1.2% lower for the revised estimates. For young men, the largest revision was a decrease of 3.0% (-36,000) in May 2021, while a revision of similar magnitude occurred in November 2024 for young women (-40,000; -2.9%). Rates were virtually unchanged for youth participation (+0.1), employment (+0.1), and unemployment (-0.1).

Data table for Chart 8c

Data table for Chart 8-C
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 8-C Revised and Unrevised, calculated using thousands units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Revised	Unrevised
	thousands
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2008
January	2,661.1	2,661.5
February	2,665.8	2,667.5
March	2,665.5	2,663.1
April	2,670.6	2,672.6
May	2,649.3	2,653.6
June	2,662.0	2,659.1
July	2,659.4	2,657.6
August	2,671.3	2,663.6
September	2,683.0	2,685.1
October	2,667.9	2,672.2
November	2,643.9	2,642.1
December	2,618.0	2,615.7
2009
January	2,564.5	2,565.0
February	2,543.6	2,546.5
March	2,533.9	2,537.6
April	2,518.9	2,520.2
May	2,517.0	2,522.0
June	2,498.1	2,496.8
July	2,467.6	2,466.4
August	2,466.2	2,456.5
September	2,466.6	2,467.7
October	2,453.6	2,456.5
November	2,464.8	2,464.4
December	2,461.2	2,460.1
2010
January	2,485.9	2,486.0
February	2,482.4	2,485.0
March	2,480.3	2,483.2
April	2,500.9	2,502.0
May	2,490.7	2,497.4
June	2,509.6	2,509.5
July	2,506.7	2,505.9
August	2,495.4	2,502.9
September	2,466.3	2,465.9
October	2,476.8	2,477.8
November	2,486.9	2,487.2
December	2,511.7	2,511.6
2011
January	2,515.3	2,515.4
February	2,517.0	2,515.9
March	2,510.7	2,504.3
April	2,511.5	2,503.1
May	2,510.5	2,501.3
June	2,513.5	2,516.1
July	2,536.5	2,540.8
August	2,546.0	2,550.8
September	2,549.5	2,542.7
October	2,539.7	2,526.9
November	2,539.5	2,529.1
December	2,509.7	2,501.0
2012
January	2,491.7	2,483.9
February	2,458.2	2,451.5
March	2,496.0	2,490.7
April	2,533.5	2,528.1
May	2,493.8	2,487.8
June	2,481.8	2,480.4
July	2,498.6	2,494.4
August	2,495.8	2,493.3
September	2,512.4	2,505.1
October	2,507.1	2,503.4
November	2,511.3	2,512.5
December	2,526.8	2,529.4
2013
January	2,540.8	2,546.2
February	2,551.6	2,556.8
March	2,520.2	2,523.2
April	2,521.8	2,519.8
May	2,536.8	2,540.5
June	2,539.5	2,545.4
July	2,498.7	2,502.2
August	2,498.8	2,503.2
September	2,495.1	2,509.4
October	2,483.5	2,501.6
November	2,478.7	2,488.2
December	2,476.6	2,482.0
2014
January	2,471.9	2,475.6
February	2,475.5	2,480.8
March	2,494.5	2,493.3
April	2,484.8	2,481.9
May	2,490.7	2,496.6
June	2,502.7	2,500.2
July	2,525.6	2,525.4
August	2,499.7	2,500.9
September	2,507.1	2,511.3
October	2,520.5	2,525.0
November	2,516.3	2,521.1
December	2,521.7	2,528.7
2015
January	2,518.7	2,523.0
February	2,516.5	2,521.6
March	2,521.5	2,529.8
April	2,491.7	2,495.5
May	2,509.7	2,518.3
June	2,485.4	2,486.3
July	2,488.8	2,487.4
August	2,496.3	2,487.6
September	2,495.4	2,496.5
October	2,491.6	2,489.8
November	2,469.5	2,465.1
December	2,461.4	2,454.5
2016
January	2,459.7	2,456.8
February	2,461.2	2,460.7
March	2,453.0	2,451.3
April	2,475.2	2,472.3
May	2,443.9	2,428.0
June	2,453.4	2,440.6
July	2,445.3	2,432.2
August	2,482.1	2,475.1
September	2,491.4	2,474.5
October	2,505.4	2,489.8
November	2,505.7	2,490.9
December	2,512.9	2,503.6
2017
January	2,517.4	2,507.2
February	2,519.1	2,509.9
March	2,528.3	2,518.0
April	2,532.8	2,527.3
May	2,554.8	2,545.1
June	2,553.7	2,547.6
July	2,553.9	2,552.6
August	2,525.4	2,526.1
September	2,547.5	2,543.9
October	2,567.9	2,563.2
November	2,602.9	2,598.3
December	2,600.3	2,594.4
2018
January	2,580.5	2,572.3
February	2,560.1	2,553.8
March	2,580.1	2,575.0
April	2,555.9	2,553.1
May	2,557.1	2,557.8
June	2,568.3	2,569.0
July	2,593.7	2,590.8
August	2,583.0	2,585.3
September	2,588.8	2,580.4
October	2,565.8	2,560.0
November	2,565.3	2,569.1
December	2,563.5	2,574.0
2019
January	2,604.5	2,618.2
February	2,618.5	2,633.6
March	2,598.6	2,616.7
April	2,660.9	2,682.4
May	2,617.6	2,642.2
June	2,612.5	2,642.7
July	2,585.0	2,611.4
August	2,601.9	2,630.9
September	2,568.4	2,602.5
October	2,591.1	2,622.0
November	2,589.3	2,615.3
December	2,598.7	2,621.8
2020
January	2,597.8	2,619.8
February	2,614.0	2,632.8
March	2,171.8	2,192.4
April	1,706.7	1,723.3
May	1,719.7	1,729.4
June	2,021.7	2,025.9
July	2,147.3	2,155.0
August	2,221.0	2,225.5
September	2,370.5	2,385.7
October	2,351.4	2,368.3
November	2,345.2	2,365.6
December	2,293.3	2,320.2
2021
January	2,191.4	2,223.1
February	2,293.1	2,330.3
March	2,399.8	2,441.0
April	2,312.2	2,353.7
May	2,255.8	2,310.2
June	2,428.4	2,472.1
July	2,487.2	2,528.2
August	2,528.3	2,575.6
September	2,571.4	2,611.3
October	2,579.1	2,619.5
November	2,594.6	2,630.9
December	2,594.6	2,630.5
2022
January	2,480.9	2,518.0
February	2,610.6	2,649.6
March	2,614.4	2,647.5
April	2,612.2	2,645.0
May	2,641.6	2,668.9
June	2,634.6	2,649.3
July	2,621.6	2,632.1
August	2,609.5	2,629.4
September	2,582.5	2,593.7
October	2,601.0	2,621.0
November	2,617.4	2,636.8
December	2,659.4	2,680.9
2023
January	2,662.1	2,686.2
February	2,671.7	2,695.1
March	2,693.7	2,706.3
April	2,695.5	2,708.4
May	2,627.4	2,664.8
June	2,649.2	2,674.9
July	2,672.1	2,689.9
August	2,678.8	2,692.7
September	2,683.6	2,696.8
October	2,667.1	2,694.2
November	2,659.4	2,683.1
December	2,652.8	2,682.0
2024
January	2,660.8	2,688.8
February	2,672.7	2,700.2
March	2,648.3	2,672.7
April	2,692.1	2,712.4
May	2,683.4	2,737.5
June	2,674.3	2,713.5
July	2,666.7	2,695.0
August	2,670.2	2,694.4
September	2,686.2	2,727.5
October	2,704.4	2,760.5
November	2,700.8	2,756.6
December	2,693.3	2,755.3

Among those 55 and older, employment was revised down a maximum of 0.9% (-40,000) in January 2023 (Chart 8-D). On average, the difference with unrevised estimates was -0.4% in 2023 and -0.2% in 2024. For the most part, revised employment levels for people aged 55 and older were not significantly different from the estimates originally published.

Data table for Chart 8d

Data table for Chart 8-D
Table summary
This table displays the results of Data table for Chart 8-D Revised and Unrevised, calculated using thousands units of measure (appearing as column headers).

	Revised	Unrevised
	thousands
Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey.
2008
January	2,581.9	2,585.8
February	2,589.4	2,590.2
March	2,600.3	2,597.2
April	2,596.9	2,595.8
May	2,607.5	2,606.2
June	2,608.5	2,609.3
July	2,621.0	2,621.2
August	2,615.7	2,615.2
September	2,641.5	2,638.4
October	2,657.2	2,658.4
November	2,639.3	2,632.4
December	2,670.0	2,669.0
2009
January	2,681.6	2,681.9
February	2,677.4	2,678.8
March	2,694.8	2,699.0
April	2,710.5	2,709.9
May	2,740.3	2,737.0
June	2,749.1	2,749.1
July	2,761.2	2,761.4
August	2,770.7	2,769.0
September	2,775.5	2,774.2
October	2,774.4	2,775.8
November	2,799.7	2,795.9
December	2,809.6	2,809.1
2010
January	2,805.4	2,803.8
February	2,816.4	2,818.1
March	2,826.3	2,830.5
April	2,846.9	2,846.8
May	2,866.3	2,861.4
June	2,889.8	2,889.0
July	2,915.0	2,915.4
August	2,930.5	2,933.1
September	2,971.6	2,971.9
October	2,979.9	2,980.9
November	3,002.6	3,002.2
December	3,004.2	3,004.0
2011
January	3,015.9	3,013.9
February	3,003.5	3,005.9
March	2,993.9	3,004.6
April	3,024.2	3,031.3
May	3,014.9	3,027.7
June	3,034.6	3,044.1
July	3,038.2	3,048.0
August	3,025.0	3,037.2
September	3,037.9	3,051.2
October	3,042.5	3,056.6
November	3,058.7	3,082.4
December	3,088.2	3,107.9
2012
January	3,095.0	3,109.6
February	3,102.5	3,125.0
March	3,149.8	3,170.1
April	3,165.0	3,184.1
May	3,167.8	3,189.8
June	3,174.6	3,192.2
July	3,182.7	3,199.3
August	3,218.9	3,237.9
September	3,211.5	3,238.5
October	3,230.8	3,253.3
November	3,229.0	3,261.3
December	3,233.8	3,257.0
2013
January	3,271.5	3,293.4
February	3,294.4	3,310.2
March	3,301.8	3,314.2
April	3,311.4	3,324.1
May	3,344.3	3,364.8
June	3,329.2	3,348.9
July	3,334.9	3,355.3
August	3,366.1	3,387.8
September	3,368.5	3,386.3
October	3,371.7	3,391.5
November	3,398.4	3,408.2
December	3,410.8	3,430.3
2014
January	3,417.8	3,439.9
February	3,429.3	3,452.6
March	3,420.1	3,437.4
April	3,454.7	3,473.4
May	3,454.1	3,471.9
June	3,491.9	3,514.5
July	3,498.2	3,518.5
August	3,462.3	3,482.8
September	3,461.1	3,474.2
October	3,455.7	3,468.7
November	3,454.6	3,462.2
December	3,450.6	3,463.6
2015
January	3,487.8	3,504.8
February	3,503.6	3,523.6
March	3,545.5	3,571.7
April	3,543.6	3,566.0
May	3,549.2	3,563.7
June	3,553.0	3,571.9
July	3,564.7	3,580.1
August	3,584.1	3,598.5
September	3,586.5	3,606.7
October	3,623.7	3,647.5
November	3,630.2	3,649.6
December	3,631.6	3,653.8
2016
January	3,627.0	3,639.7
February	3,658.3	3,678.7
March	3,657.1	3,678.8
April	3,655.3	3,680.0
May	3,688.8	3,715.4
June	3,695.3	3,717.0
July	3,705.7	3,732.8
August	3,719.4	3,751.8
September	3,759.4	3,788.3
October	3,750.2	3,779.7
November	3,734.7	3,764.0
December	3,744.3	3,768.9
2017
January	3,750.6	3,781.1
February	3,777.5	3,800.6
March	3,767.5	3,790.5
April	3,784.6	3,807.9
May	3,790.7	3,813.1
June	3,827.2	3,848.0
July	3,849.8	3,870.4
August	3,904.1	3,922.1
September	3,904.7	3,923.8
October	3,912.3	3,927.2
November	3,942.4	3,963.6
December	3,984.9	4,000.4
2018
January	3,964.5	3,985.3
February	3,956.4	3,972.9
March	3,965.8	3,978.4
April	3,954.7	3,974.7
May	3,987.1	4,008.5
June	3,994.3	4,013.2
July	4,031.2	4,041.7
August	3,981.8	3,996.6
September	4,008.6	4,026.1
October	4,021.8	4,034.5
November	4,044.3	4,069.6
December	4,065.1	4,082.7
2019
January	4,069.5	4,096.7
February	4,078.2	4,100.3
March	4,099.7	4,115.7
April	4,129.6	4,148.1
May	4,138.0	4,154.6
June	4,159.6	4,173.2
July	4,177.5	4,186.3
August	4,194.4	4,198.3
September	4,185.3	4,182.1
October	4,197.7	4,204.7
November	4,190.3	4,186.9
December	4,207.9	4,213.4
2020
January	4,225.8	4,237.9
February	4,214.9	4,224.7
March	4,013.5	4,027.7
April	3,617.8	3,629.1
May	3,724.9	3,730.1
June	3,833.8	3,835.3
July	3,932.1	3,931.8
August	3,987.2	3,982.1
September	4,025.8	4,022.2
October	4,061.4	4,062.6
November	4,090.0	4,090.4
December	4,099.8	4,100.6
2021
January	4,108.0	4,112.2
February	4,119.4	4,127.5
March	4,196.9	4,212.5
April	4,122.2	4,139.0
May	4,135.2	4,145.0
June	4,152.8	4,176.6
July	4,158.6	4,172.3
August	4,161.8	4,181.2
September	4,165.1	4,178.4
October	4,133.3	4,153.3
November	4,166.6	4,180.5
December	4,164.9	4,187.3
2022
January	4,163.9	4,187.5
February	4,195.1	4,214.2
March	4,215.7	4,242.2
April	4,226.0	4,247.9
May	4,224.9	4,255.8
June	4,192.8	4,226.7
July	4,226.6	4,257.1
August	4,235.1	4,266.0
September	4,256.4	4,287.2
October	4,266.8	4,296.9
November	4,266.0	4,294.9
December	4,282.0	4,309.8
2023
January	4,304.2	4,343.7
February	4,331.3	4,349.0
March	4,335.7	4,352.2
April	4,358.4	4,372.1
May	4,341.4	4,369.3
June	4,340.9	4,366.9
July	4,355.2	4,365.9
August	4,351.4	4,356.0
September	4,345.8	4,356.0
October	4,375.8	4,386.2
November	4,390.4	4,401.4
December	4,375.5	4,380.7
2024
January	4,400.4	4,408.3
February	4,361.8	4,369.7
March	4,362.8	4,369.3
April	4,347.2	4,352.2
May	4,371.0	4,385.4
June	4,381.5	4,403.4
July	4,341.5	4,359.8
August	4,335.4	4,348.8
September	4,327.6	4,328.4
October	4,318.4	4,321.0
November	4,324.2	4,320.6
December	4,381.7	4,382.8

7.3 Impact by province on labour market estimates

The seasonally adjusted monthly employment estimates for 2024 were on average revised upward for five provinces. British Columbia had the largest difference (+2.5%), followed by Manitoba (+1.8%), Nova Scotia (+1.3%), Ontario (+1.3%), and Quebec (+0.6%). The revised estimates for New Brunswick were little changed from the unrevised estimates.

Revised employment estimates were lower for two provinces, with Alberta having the largest change between the revised and unrevised estimates on average in 2024 (-0.9%), followed by Saskatchewan (-0.6%). The revised estimates for Prince Edward Island (0.0%) were virtually unchanged.

8.0 The territories

Population control totals for Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut were revised back to 2011. For Yukon, population control totals were largely unchanged from 2011 to 2020, then revised upward through 2024. In the Northwest Territories, population control totals were little changed from 2011 to 2019 and were lower than the unrevised population totals through 2024. In Nunavut, population control totals were largely unchanged from 2011 to 2023 and were lower than the unrevised population totals through 2024.

The revisions to population control totals had little impact on the labour market indicators. For 2024, the annual average revised employment estimates were higher for Yukon (+1,000; +5.0%), lower in Nunavut (-300; -1.8%), and unchanged for the Northwest Territories.

Unemployment levels for 2024 were little changed between the revised and unrevised estimates for the three territories. The revised unemployment rates in each territory were also little changed from the unrevised rates.

9.0 Estimates for racialized and Indigenous population groups

The weights applied to racialized and Indigenous working-age populations were also updated following 2021 Census population distributions and demographic projections. Updates to LFS estimates for racialized populations start in 2022 when the question was first asked, while updates for the Indigenous population control totals start in 2011.

9.1 Estimates for racialized population groups

Previous estimates for racialized groups had been based on a 2016 Census distribution and growth profile following the 2016 Census. Estimates for racialized populations from 2022 to 2024 have been revised to incorporate recent data extracted from the Immigration, Refugee, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) database, which contains information on the number of immigrants who have recently landed in Canada and their country of origin. For more detailed information on the calculation of the population totals for racialized population groups, see Appendix B. 

The revised LFS working-age population estimate for racialized populations in 2024 was 11.4% higher (+1,087,000) than the unrevised estimates. Revised population estimates were higher than the unrevised estimates for most visible minority groups: South Asian, Black, Filipino, Arab, Latin American, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean, Japanese, visible minority n.i.e. (not included elsewhere), and multiple visible minorities. Revised population estimates for racialized groups were higher than unrevised in all provinces; led by Ontario (+497,000; +10.3%), British Columbia (+184,000; +10.8%), and Quebec (+175,000; +14.4%).

At the national level, there was no difference between the revised and unrevised unemployment rates for racialized populations (the average held steady at 8.6% in 2024). Revised participation and employment rates were higher than the unrevised rates in most provinces, except for Alberta.

9.2 Estimates for the Indigenous population

The LFS working-age population control totals for the Indigenous population living off reserve were generally revised downward, with the largest impact observed in December 2024 (-102,000; -7.6%).

At the national level, there was no difference between the revised and unrevised unemployment rates for Indigenous people living off reserve in 2024. There was also little difference between the revised and unrevised participation and employment rates.

Appendix A: Component changes in the population rebasing

The target population for the LFS includes the population aged 15 and over, including Canadians, immigrants and non-permanent residents. It excludes people belonging to the following categories: population living on reserves, institutional residents, Canadians living abroad and full-time members of the Canadian Armed Forces.

The components of demographic growth include births, deaths, immigration, emigration, returning emigration, interprovincial migration, and variations in the number of non-permanent residents (NPRs). The component method of producing population control totals involves the monthly addition and subtraction of components of demographic growth from a base population. This most recent LFS rebasing involved adopting a base population based on the 2021 Census rather than the 2016 Census.

From 2011 to July 2018, differences between the unrevised and revised series are small for all provinces and territories. They mainly result from minor methodological improvements retrospectively performed to some components of the demographic growth.

The differences between the unrevised and revised series for more recent years come from three main factors.

First, and most importantly, the revised LFS population control totals for this period are based for the first time on the series of Statistics Canada demographic estimates introduced following the 2021 Census (released in September 2023).

Second, the methodology used to calculate monthly variations in the number of NPRs for LFS population control totals was updated. Starting in July 2019 in the revised series, the twelve-month moving average used to estimate NPRs for each reference date is based on the most recent available information, with a one-month lag. In the unrevised series, twelve-month moving averages were calculated with a three- to five-month lag.

Third, differences observed between the unrevised and the revised series also come from the revisions to the population totals excluded from the LFS universe. This includes estimates of the institutional population and of the on-reserve population which are derived from the 2021 Census for the revised series.

It should be noted that the revised series also incorporate additional revised demographic information. Some of the differences for the 2021 to 2024 period are attributable to the use of revised, rather than preliminary, estimates of the components of demographic growth.

The methodological changes implemented have improved the consistency of historical LFS time series. In addition, these changes ensure data remain coherent and more reactive to variations in population growth rates on a forward-looking basis.

Impact of the revisions on the age and gender structure

Differences between the revised and unrevised series vary according to age and gender.

Differences are somewhat larger for the population aged 15 to 34. This can be explained by two main factors. First, the impact of the rebasing of the population control totals (errors of closure) is usually larger for adults in their late teens and twenties. Also, the updated method for calculating population control totals, using twelve-month moving averages for non-permanent residents, have a greater impact for the youth population because NPRs comprise a greater share of this group.

Appendix B: Methodology used to create population control totals for racialized groups

The methodology used to generate control totals for racialized population groups is a combination of linear interpolation and microsimulation projections. As in the past, control totals for reference dates that fall between two past censuses are obtained through linear interpolation. Control totals for reference dates that come after the 2021 Census are generated by a microsimulation model. This model generates estimates for racialized groups by projecting the population according to ethnocultural characteristics, starting on 2021 Census Day.

The model used to generate control totals for the period after the 2021 Census is based on adjusted 2021 Census estimates and includes the most recent information on the various components of demographic growth (e.g., births, deaths, number of immigrants and emigrants). It also includes recent data extracted from the Immigration, Refugee, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) database; as such, control totals reflect the number of immigrants who landed in Canada between 2021 and 2024 and their country of origin.

Appendix C: Concordance between previous and new data tables for sub-provincial regions and consolidated tables