Table 3
Substitution bias in the direct output measure of the hospital sector, Canada, 2002 to 2010

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Substitution bias in the direct output measure of the hospital sector, Canada, 2002 to 2010
Table summary
The table presents the estimates of substitution bias in the direct output measure of the hospital sector over the period 2002 to 2010. The column headers provide information on annual growth in the estimates of volume index obtained from assigning inpatient and outpatient cases to distinct groupings or the same grouping, and the difference between the two estimates. The row headers provide information on the volume index, the number of cases and the composition, displayed separately for types of patients (all, inpatients and outpatients).
  Annual average growth
Distinct grouping Same grouping Difference
  percent
All  
Volume index of output 1.2 3.7 2.6
Number of cases 2.8 2.8 0.0
Composition -1.6 0.9 2.5
Inpatient  
Volume index of output 0.0 0.0 0.0
Number of cases 0.3 0.3 0.0
Composition -0.2 -0.2 0.0
Outpatient  
Volume index of output 8.2 7.4 -0.8
Number of cases 6.9 6.9 0.0
Composition 1.2 0.5 -0.8
Note(s):
“Distinct grouping” refers to assignment of inpatient and outpatient cases to distinct Major Clinical Categories (MCCs) with different unit costs. “Same grouping” refers to assignment of inpatient and outpatient cases to the same MCCs using the same unit costs. Authors' estimates.
Source(s):
Canadian Institute for Health Information, Canadian MIS Database, Discharge Abstract Database, and National Ambulatory Care Reporting System.
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