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- Articles and reports: 12-001-X200800210761Description:
Optimum stratification is the method of choosing the best boundaries that make strata internally homogeneous, given some sample allocation. In order to make the strata internally homogenous, the strata should be constructed in such a way that the strata variances for the characteristic under study be as small as possible. This could be achieved effectively by having the distribution of the main study variable known and create strata by cutting the range of the distribution at suitable points. If the frequency distribution of the study variable is unknown, it may be approximated from the past experience or some prior knowledge obtained at a recent study. In this paper the problem of finding Optimum Strata Boundaries (OSB) is considered as the problem of determining Optimum Strata Widths (OSW). The problem is formulated as a Mathematical Programming Problem (MPP), which minimizes the variance of the estimated population parameter under Neyman allocation subject to the restriction that sum of the widths of all the strata is equal to the total range of the distribution. The distributions of the study variable are considered as continuous with Triangular and Standard Normal density functions. The formulated MPPs, which turn out to be multistage decision problems, can then be solved using dynamic programming technique proposed by Bühler and Deutler (1975). Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the computational details. The results obtained are also compared with the method of Dalenius and Hodges (1959) with an example of normal distribution.
Release date: 2008-12-23 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X200800110615Description:
We consider optimal sampling rates in element-sampling designs when the anticipated analysis is survey-weighted linear regression and the estimands of interest are linear combinations of regression coefficients from one or more models. Methods are first developed assuming that exact design information is available in the sampling frame and then generalized to situations in which some design variables are available only as aggregates for groups of potential subjects, or from inaccurate or old data. We also consider design for estimation of combinations of coefficients from more than one model. A further generalization allows for flexible combinations of coefficients chosen to improve estimation of one effect while controlling for another. Potential applications include estimation of means for several sets of overlapping domains, or improving estimates for subpopulations such as minority races by disproportionate sampling of geographic areas. In the motivating problem of designing a survey on care received by cancer patients (the CanCORS study), potential design information included block-level census data on race/ethnicity and poverty as well as individual-level data. In one study site, an unequal-probability sampling design using the subjectss residential addresses and census data would have reduced the variance of the estimator of an income effect by 25%, or by 38% if the subjects' races were also known. With flexible weighting of the income contrasts by race, the variance of the estimator would be reduced by 26% using residential addresses alone and by 52% using addresses and races. Our methods would be useful in studies in which geographic oversampling by race-ethnicity or socioeconomic characteristics is considered, or in any study in which characteristics available in sampling frames are measured with error.
Release date: 2008-06-26 - 3. Direct health measures surveys in Finland ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-522-X200600110414Description:
In Finland the first national health examination surveys were carried out in the 1960s. Comprehensive surveys of nationally representative population samples have been carried out in 1978 to 1980 (The Mini-Finland Health Survey) and in 2000 to 2001 (Health 2000). Surveys of cardiovascular risk factors, so called FinRisk surveys, have assessed their trends every five years. The health examination surveys are an important tool of health monitoring, and, linked with registers also a rich source of data for epidemiological research. The paper also gives examples on reports published from several of these studies.
Release date: 2008-03-17 - 4. On reuse of clusters in repeated studies ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-522-X200600110425Description:
Suppose data for a survey with multi-stage design is to be collected in two periods of time. This paper assesses the relative merits of keeping the same clusters in the sample vs. sampling new clusters, under different statistical (correlation between clusters and over time) and logistical (costs of survey) scenarios. The design effect of re-using the same clusters from the master sample over time is of the form "1 - Ap(pi)/n" where "p" is intertemporal correlation of the cluster totals, "n" is the number of clusters, "pi" is the proportion of clusters retained from the previous round, and "A>0" is a fixed constant. As long as the efficiency gains appear to be minor, the value of the designs that reuse the clusters comes from the logistical (cost of the survey) considerations. Empirical demonstration that uses Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data for Bangladesh, 1996 and 2000, is provided.
Release date: 2008-03-17 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M1992001Description:
Starting in 1994, the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) will follow individuals and families for at least six years, tracking their labour market experiences, changes in income and family circumstances. An initial proposal for the content of SLID, entitled "Content of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics : Discussion Paper", was distributed in February 1992.
That paper served as a background document for consultation with and a review by interested users. The content underwent significant change during this process. Based upon the revised content, a large-scale test of SLID will be conducted in February and May 1993.
The present document outlines the income and wealth content to be tested in May 1993. This document is really a continuation of SLID Research Paper Series 92-01A, which outlines the demographic and labour content used in the January /February 1993 test.
Release date: 2008-02-29 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X200700210490Description:
The European Union's Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) survey was introduced in 2004 as a replacement for the European Panel. It produces annual statistics on income distribution, poverty and social exclusion. First conducted in France in May 2004, it is a longitudinal survey of all individuals over the age of 15 in 16,000 dwellings selected from the master sample and the new-housing sample frame. All respondents are tracked over time, even when they move to a different dwelling. The survey also has to produce cross-sectional estimates of good quality.
To limit the response burden, the sample design recommended by Eurostat is a rotation scheme consisting of four panels that remain in the sample for four years, with one panel replaced each year. France, however, decided to increase the panel duration to nine years. The rotating sample design meets the survey's longitudinal and cross-sectional requirements, but it presents some weighting challenges.
Following a review of the inference context of a longitudinal survey, the paper discusses the longitudinal and cross-sectional weighting, which are designed to produce approximately unbiased estimators.
Release date: 2008-01-03
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Articles and reports (6)
Articles and reports (6) ((6 results))
- Articles and reports: 12-001-X200800210761Description:
Optimum stratification is the method of choosing the best boundaries that make strata internally homogeneous, given some sample allocation. In order to make the strata internally homogenous, the strata should be constructed in such a way that the strata variances for the characteristic under study be as small as possible. This could be achieved effectively by having the distribution of the main study variable known and create strata by cutting the range of the distribution at suitable points. If the frequency distribution of the study variable is unknown, it may be approximated from the past experience or some prior knowledge obtained at a recent study. In this paper the problem of finding Optimum Strata Boundaries (OSB) is considered as the problem of determining Optimum Strata Widths (OSW). The problem is formulated as a Mathematical Programming Problem (MPP), which minimizes the variance of the estimated population parameter under Neyman allocation subject to the restriction that sum of the widths of all the strata is equal to the total range of the distribution. The distributions of the study variable are considered as continuous with Triangular and Standard Normal density functions. The formulated MPPs, which turn out to be multistage decision problems, can then be solved using dynamic programming technique proposed by Bühler and Deutler (1975). Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the computational details. The results obtained are also compared with the method of Dalenius and Hodges (1959) with an example of normal distribution.
Release date: 2008-12-23 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X200800110615Description:
We consider optimal sampling rates in element-sampling designs when the anticipated analysis is survey-weighted linear regression and the estimands of interest are linear combinations of regression coefficients from one or more models. Methods are first developed assuming that exact design information is available in the sampling frame and then generalized to situations in which some design variables are available only as aggregates for groups of potential subjects, or from inaccurate or old data. We also consider design for estimation of combinations of coefficients from more than one model. A further generalization allows for flexible combinations of coefficients chosen to improve estimation of one effect while controlling for another. Potential applications include estimation of means for several sets of overlapping domains, or improving estimates for subpopulations such as minority races by disproportionate sampling of geographic areas. In the motivating problem of designing a survey on care received by cancer patients (the CanCORS study), potential design information included block-level census data on race/ethnicity and poverty as well as individual-level data. In one study site, an unequal-probability sampling design using the subjectss residential addresses and census data would have reduced the variance of the estimator of an income effect by 25%, or by 38% if the subjects' races were also known. With flexible weighting of the income contrasts by race, the variance of the estimator would be reduced by 26% using residential addresses alone and by 52% using addresses and races. Our methods would be useful in studies in which geographic oversampling by race-ethnicity or socioeconomic characteristics is considered, or in any study in which characteristics available in sampling frames are measured with error.
Release date: 2008-06-26 - 3. Direct health measures surveys in Finland ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-522-X200600110414Description:
In Finland the first national health examination surveys were carried out in the 1960s. Comprehensive surveys of nationally representative population samples have been carried out in 1978 to 1980 (The Mini-Finland Health Survey) and in 2000 to 2001 (Health 2000). Surveys of cardiovascular risk factors, so called FinRisk surveys, have assessed their trends every five years. The health examination surveys are an important tool of health monitoring, and, linked with registers also a rich source of data for epidemiological research. The paper also gives examples on reports published from several of these studies.
Release date: 2008-03-17 - 4. On reuse of clusters in repeated studies ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-522-X200600110425Description:
Suppose data for a survey with multi-stage design is to be collected in two periods of time. This paper assesses the relative merits of keeping the same clusters in the sample vs. sampling new clusters, under different statistical (correlation between clusters and over time) and logistical (costs of survey) scenarios. The design effect of re-using the same clusters from the master sample over time is of the form "1 - Ap(pi)/n" where "p" is intertemporal correlation of the cluster totals, "n" is the number of clusters, "pi" is the proportion of clusters retained from the previous round, and "A>0" is a fixed constant. As long as the efficiency gains appear to be minor, the value of the designs that reuse the clusters comes from the logistical (cost of the survey) considerations. Empirical demonstration that uses Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data for Bangladesh, 1996 and 2000, is provided.
Release date: 2008-03-17 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M1992001Description:
Starting in 1994, the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) will follow individuals and families for at least six years, tracking their labour market experiences, changes in income and family circumstances. An initial proposal for the content of SLID, entitled "Content of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics : Discussion Paper", was distributed in February 1992.
That paper served as a background document for consultation with and a review by interested users. The content underwent significant change during this process. Based upon the revised content, a large-scale test of SLID will be conducted in February and May 1993.
The present document outlines the income and wealth content to be tested in May 1993. This document is really a continuation of SLID Research Paper Series 92-01A, which outlines the demographic and labour content used in the January /February 1993 test.
Release date: 2008-02-29 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X200700210490Description:
The European Union's Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) survey was introduced in 2004 as a replacement for the European Panel. It produces annual statistics on income distribution, poverty and social exclusion. First conducted in France in May 2004, it is a longitudinal survey of all individuals over the age of 15 in 16,000 dwellings selected from the master sample and the new-housing sample frame. All respondents are tracked over time, even when they move to a different dwelling. The survey also has to produce cross-sectional estimates of good quality.
To limit the response burden, the sample design recommended by Eurostat is a rotation scheme consisting of four panels that remain in the sample for four years, with one panel replaced each year. France, however, decided to increase the panel duration to nine years. The rotating sample design meets the survey's longitudinal and cross-sectional requirements, but it presents some weighting challenges.
Following a review of the inference context of a longitudinal survey, the paper discusses the longitudinal and cross-sectional weighting, which are designed to produce approximately unbiased estimators.
Release date: 2008-01-03
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