Canadian System of Environmental-Economic Accounts - Ecosystem Accounts

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Ecosystem accounts are based on the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting - Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA-EA) framework, which was adopted as an international statistical standard by the United Nations Statistical Commission in March 2021. This framework complements, and builds on, the accounting for environmental assets described in the United Nations System of Environmental-Economic Accounting Central Framework (SEEA-CF), which was adopted as an international standard in 2012.
Detailed documentation about: Canadian System of Environmental-Economic Accounts - Ecosystem Accounts

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All (100) (0 to 10 of 100 results)

  • 1. Wildfire experiences among Indigenous Peoples
    Articles and reports: 16-002-X202600100002
    Description: This article presents data on Indigenous Peoples and their experiences with wildfires, along with spatial data on forest fires and air quality from 2023. The analysis integrates results from the 2024 Survey Series on First Nations People, Métis and Inuit - Emergency Preparedness and Extreme Weather with 2021 Census Indigenous population data, alongside spatial data on forest fires and air quality from 2023. This analytical article uses maps, charts and tables to show findings, including burned-area estimates and air quality index values, to provide a comprehensive overview of wildfire experiences among Indigenous populations in Canada.
    Release date: 2026-07-28
  • 2. Human landscape modification index: Geospatial files
    Table: 16-510-X2026001
    Description: This product contains a raster dataset that represents the degree of direct landscape modifications to Canada's terrestrial and freshwater extent (excluding the Great Lakes) circa 2020 at 30 m spatial resolution. It is an index with values ranging from 0 to 100. Higher scores represent progressively more altered or intensively-used ecosystems and lower scores represent less altered and more naturally intact ecosystems. The main purpose of the dataset is to help measure ecosystem condition to support ecosystem accounting. It was created through the integration of multiple spatial datasets, including land cover and linear feature datasets.
    Release date: 2026-06-25
  • 3. Human landscape modification index: Data product specifications
    Geographic files and documentation: 16-510-X2026002
    Description: This product contains specifications intended for users of the human landscape modification index (HLMI) geospatial files that represent the degree of direct landscape modifications to Canada's terrestrial and freshwater extent (excluding the Great Lakes) around 2020. This document provides important technical information for users, including scope, data content and structure, data quality and data capture. This document also provides additional information about the datasets used to develop the HLMI.
    Release date: 2026-06-25
  • 4. Census of Environment Ecosystem Profile Explorer
    Data Visualization: 71-607-X2026007
    Description: The ecosystem profile explorer is designed to provide users with a single, integrated view of the data produced by the Census of Environment. Users can select an area on the map and explore the ecosystem extent, condition and services data linked to ecological, drainage or marine areas. The latest data tables will be made available in this tool as new releases occur.
    Release date: 2026-03-30
  • 5. Change in selected climate variables since 1971, by ecoprovince
    Table: 38-10-0197-01
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Long-term changes in air temperature and precipitation over the period beginning in 1971, by ecoprovince. Starting in 2000, estimates are reported at five-year intervals. Changes are expressed in degrees Celsius for air temperature and in millimetres for precipitation.
    Release date: 2026-03-30
  • 6. Change in selected climate variables since 1971, by drainage region
    Table: 38-10-0198-01
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Long-term changes in air temperature and precipitation over the period beginning in 1971, by drainage region. Starting in 2000, estimates are reported at five-year intervals. Changes are expressed in degrees Celsius for air temperature and in millimetres for precipitation.
    Release date: 2026-03-30
  • 7. Protected and conserved terrestrial extent account, by ecoprovince and ecozone
    Table: 38-10-0193-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Terrestrial area conserved, protected, or conserved under other effective methods by land cover, management category and protection type at the ecoprovince and ecozone levels.
    Release date: 2026-03-06
  • 8. Protected and conserved terrestrial extent by protection category, ecoprovince and ecozone
    Table: 38-10-0193-02
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Terrestrial conserved area by protection category or conservation under other effective conservation methods, by land cover at the level of ecoprovince and ecozone.
    Release date: 2026-03-06
  • 9. Conserved terrestrial extent by conservation type, management category, ecoprovince and ecozone
    Table: 38-10-0193-03
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Terrestrial area protected or conserved under other effective conservation methods by by land cover and management category at the ecoprovince and ecozone levels.
    Release date: 2026-03-06
  • 10. Protected and conserved terrestrial extent account by sub-drainage area, major drainage area and drainage region
    Table: 38-10-0194-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Annual
    Description: Terrestrial area conserved, protected, or conserved under other effective methods by land cover, management category, protection type, and hydrographic area.
    Release date: 2026-03-06
Data (56)

Data (56) (40 to 50 of 56 results)

  • 41. Selected population characteristics of people living in resource-based communities, by resource industry
    Table: 38-10-0166-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Gender, age, language, income, poverty status, indigenous identity, immigrant status, visible minority, education and labour force status of the population residing in resource-based communities (census subdivisions where a relatively high proportion of employment income comes from fishing, forestry, or agriculture), for 2021.
    Release date: 2023-12-13
  • 42. Resource-based community status and proportion of income and employment from a resource industry, by resource industry, 2016
    Table: 38-10-0167-01
    Geography: Census subdivision
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Proportion of income and employment from a resource industry (agriculture, fishing, forestry), and resource-based community status, for all census subdivisions, 2016.
    Release date: 2023-12-13
  • 43. Resource-based community status and proportion of income and employment from a resource industry, by resource industry, 2021
    Table: 38-10-0168-01
    Geography: Census subdivision
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Proportion of income and employment from a resource industry (agriculture, fishing, forestry), and resource-based community status, for all census subdivisions, 2021.
    Release date: 2023-12-13
  • 44. Selected population and resource income statistics, by resource industry
    Table: 38-10-0169-01
    Geography: Canada, Province or territory
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Average and median population, population change and proportion of rural population, as well as selected resource income statistics of all communities (census subdivisions) and resource-based communities, for 2016 and 2021.
    Release date: 2023-12-13
  • 45. Extent and growth of contiguously settled areas
    Table: 38-10-0163-01
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Measures of settled area extent and expansion based on Earth observation-derived land cover data. Variables include extent and growth of the contiguously settled area (CSA) and growth of built-up and artificial surfaces within surrounding buffer areas. CSA boundaries are created for Statistics Canada population centres with a population larger than 5,000 people or those located within a census metropolitan area or census agglomeration.
    Release date: 2023-10-27
  • 46. Agroecosystem extent
    Table: 38-10-0165-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Total agroecosystem area, annual and perennial croplands area and areas of sown pasture and forage areas and natural pasture by ecoprovince, ecoregion and ecodistrict for every 5th year between 1986 and 2021.
    Release date: 2023-09-13
  • 47. Salt marsh ecosystem services account
    Table: 38-10-0161-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Variables related to ecosystem services of salt marshes by ecozone, ecoprovince and ecoregion.
    Release date: 2023-06-08
  • 48. Salt marsh ecosystem condition account
    Table: 38-10-0162-01
    Frequency: Occasional
    Description: Variables related to the condition of salt marshes by ecozone, ecoprovince and ecoregion.
    Release date: 2023-06-08
  • 49. Selected population characteristics, Canada, major drainage areas and sub-drainage areas
    Table: 17-10-0117-01
    Geography: Canada
    Frequency: Every 5 years
    Description: Demographic and housing indicators by hydrographic area, every 5 years starting 1971. Includes total population, density of occupied private dwellings, urban/rural distribution, measured in numbers and percentages.
    Release date: 2023-05-01
  • 50. Accounting for ecosystem change, 2021 Archived
    Thematic map: 38-20-00012021001
    Description: This product provides thematic maps associated with Human Activity and the Environment, 2021, covering various aspects of ecosystem accounts, including ecosystem extent and condition. The maps are based on the principles of ecosystem accounting and use multiple datasets from a variety of sources.
    Release date: 2022-01-25
Analysis (32)

Analysis (32) (0 to 10 of 32 results)

  • 1. Wildfire experiences among Indigenous Peoples
    Articles and reports: 16-002-X202600100002
    Description: This article presents data on Indigenous Peoples and their experiences with wildfires, along with spatial data on forest fires and air quality from 2023. The analysis integrates results from the 2024 Survey Series on First Nations People, Métis and Inuit - Emergency Preparedness and Extreme Weather with 2021 Census Indigenous population data, alongside spatial data on forest fires and air quality from 2023. This analytical article uses maps, charts and tables to show findings, including burned-area estimates and air quality index values, to provide a comprehensive overview of wildfire experiences among Indigenous populations in Canada.
    Release date: 2026-07-28
  • 2. Census of Environment: Sea ice extent 2024
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202603741271
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2026-02-06
  • 3. Ecosystem spotlight—oceans
    Articles and reports: 16-002-X202600100001
    Description: This article presents data on the extent and condition of Canada’s ocean and coastal ecosystems, as well as the ecosystem services—also known as “nature’s contributions to people”—they provide. Building on earlier pilot accounts, this article offers new physical and monetary estimates of ocean ecosystem services. It also marks the release of experimental monetary valuations of selected ocean ecosystem services, such as commercially harvested wild fish and seafood, nature-based tourism, and blue carbon sequestration.
    Release date: 2026-01-21
  • 4. How oceans benefit Canadians
    Stats in brief: 11-627-M2026002
    Description: This infographic explores ocean and coastal ecosystems from a natural capital accounting perspective. It presents the extent of ocean and coastal areas, examines ocean condition through warming trends, and highlights ecosystem services such as fish and seafood harvests and the experimental monetary values of three selected ocean and coastal ecosystem services: commercial fishing, carbon sequestration, and nature-based tourism.
    Release date: 2026-01-21
  • 5. Nature: A driver of economic activity
    Articles and reports: 16-508-X2025002
    Description: This fact sheet presents gross domestic product (GDP) data at the sub-drainage area geography. It outlines the way that natural resources and biophysical features throughout Canada help determine which industries will thrive in various areas across the country. It uses experimental mapped GDP data that shows the relationship between the environment and human activity. This article examines industries such as oil and gas, mining, electricity generation, agriculture, forestry, sight-seeing transportation, and accommodation and restaurants.
    Release date: 2025-10-02
  • 6. Census of Environment: Nature—a driver of economic activity 2021
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202527539704
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2025-10-02
  • 7. Ecosystem Accounting for Large Urban Areas in Canada
    Articles and reports: 16-001-M2025003
    Description: This technical paper provides an ecosystem accounting framework to assess Canada’s urban ecosystems and the ecosystem services they supply. The ecosystem accounts for large urban areas will measure ecosystem extent, condition and services following the internationally accepted environmental accounting standard. The technical paper will guide the development of urban accounts as part of the Census of Environment and will be used to engage with stakeholders about needs, methods, and uses of new data.
    Release date: 2025-07-14
  • 8. Census of Environment: An ecosystem accounting framework for large urban areas
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202519539568
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2025-07-14
  • 9. Census of Environment: Land cover 2020
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202508639053
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2025-03-27
  • 10. Ocean and coastal ecosystems 2023
    Stats in brief: 11-001-X202435135223
    Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin
    Release date: 2024-12-16
Reference (12)

Reference (12) (0 to 10 of 12 results)

  • 1. Human landscape modification index: Data product specifications
    Geographic files and documentation: 16-510-X2026002
    Description: This product contains specifications intended for users of the human landscape modification index (HLMI) geospatial files that represent the degree of direct landscape modifications to Canada's terrestrial and freshwater extent (excluding the Great Lakes) around 2020. This document provides important technical information for users, including scope, data content and structure, data quality and data capture. This document also provides additional information about the datasets used to develop the HLMI.
    Release date: 2026-06-25
  • 2. Urban greenness: Geospatial files
    Geographic files and documentation: 16-510-X2024003
    Description: This product contains gridded datasets of annual estimates of average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and green/grey classification.

    "Urban greenness" is a measure that assesses the condition and health of an urban landscape. Vegetation contributes to more livable, beautiful communities by helping to clean the air, moderate the local climate, control water flow and provide habitats for wildlife.

    Annual average normalized difference vegetation index datasets and annual green/grey classifications are available for the years 2000 to 2025 and cover Canada south of 60°N.
    Release date: 2025-11-17
  • 3. Urban greenness: Data product specifications, 2025
    Geographic files and documentation: 16-510-X2025006
    Description: This product contains specifications intended for users of the urban greenness geospatial files. This document provides important technical information for users and links to methodology.
    Release date: 2025-11-17
  • 4. Land Cover Register: Data product specifications
    Geographic files and documentation: 16-510-X2025003
    Description: This product contains specifications intended for users of the land cover register geospatial files. This document provides important technical information for users and links to methodology.
    Release date: 2025-05-13
  • 5. Statistical Ecosystem Register grid system reference files: Data product specifications
    Geographic files and documentation: 16-510-X2025004
    Description: This product contains specifications intended for users of the Statistical Ecosystem Register grid system reference files. This document provides important technical information for users, including the coordinate reference system, resolution, and file contents and structure. This document also provides additional information about the grid system, reasons for some of the chosen parameters, and intended uses.
    Release date: 2025-05-13
  • 6. Land Cover Register: Documentation
    Geographic files and documentation: 16-510-X2025001
    Description: This document describes the methodology used to develop the land cover register, a raster dataset that maps Canada’s terrestrial and freshwater land cover using an 11-class classification system. The data product, with a spatial resolution of 30 metres, represents circa 2020 and was created through the integration of multiple land cover and land use datasets. The dataset and documentation were created by the Census of Environment program and will support Statistics Canada's ecosystem accounting efforts.
    Release date: 2025-03-27
  • 7. Ocean and coastal ecosystem extent: Data product specifications
    Geographic files and documentation: 16-510-X2024005
    Description: This product contains specifications intended for users of the ocean and coastal ecosystem extent geospatial files. This document provides important technical information for users and links to methodology.
    Release date: 2024-12-16
  • 8. Ocean and coastal ecosystem extent: Geospatial files
    Geographic files and documentation: 16-510-X2024006
    Description: This product contains gridded datasets of ocean and coastal ecosystem extent for ocean and coastal areas of Canada. Mapping the extent of ocean ecosystems is the first stage in creating spatially explicit accounts, to help understand the ocean and coastal ecosystems of Canada. The files cover the area from the coastline, defined by the 2021 Statistics Canada Census of Population, to the outer boundary of Canada’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Coastal areas of salt marsh are also included in the files.
    Release date: 2024-12-16
  • 9. Urban greenness: Data product specifications
    Geographic files and documentation: 16-510-X2024004
    Description: This product contains specifications intended for users of the urban greenness geospatial files. This document provides important technical information for users and links to methodology.
    Release date: 2024-11-21
  • 10. Water yield: Geospatial files
    Geographic files and documentation: 16-510-X2024001
    Description: This product contains gridded datasets of annual and 30-year average estimates of water yield. Tracking water yield—an estimate of renewable water supply derived from National Water Data Archive (HYDAT) streamflow data—provides information to help understand water resources available for human use and ecosystem needs. Annual datasets are available for the years 1971 to 2021 and cover southern Canada. Thirty-year averages are available for 1971-2000, 1981-2010, and 1991-2020. They cover the terrestrial and freshwater extent of Canada, except for the Arctic Archipelago.
    Release date: 2024-09-19

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