Data analysis

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All (289)

All (289) (0 to 10 of 289 results)

1. Quantitative impact analysis: A practical overview
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202600500003
Description: This spotlight article outlines practical methods for assessing the economic impacts of public programs delivered by federal agencies and Crown corporations. It summarizes key steps in conducting quantitative impact analysis, including data linkage, cohort construction and implementation of quasi causal estimators.
Release date: 2026-05-27
2. Analytical Studies: Methods and References
Journals and periodicals: 11-633-X
Description: Papers in this series provide background discussions of the methods used to develop data for economic, health, and social analytical studies at Statistics Canada. They are intended to provide readers with information on the statistical methods, standards and definitions used to develop databases for research purposes. All papers in this series have undergone peer and institutional review to ensure that they conform to Statistics Canada's mandate and adhere to generally accepted standards of good professional practice.
Release date: 2026-05-27
3. When and How to Use Area-Level Measures for Health Analysis: A Review and Recommendation Report
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-633-X2026001
Description: This report defines key concepts related to area-level analysis and introduces area-level measures developed and utilized at Statistics Canada for health analysis. It also provides a decision-making framework and practical recommendations to help researchers select appropriate methods. The goal is to guide readers on when area-level analysis is appropriate and what type of area-level measure is suitable to achieve research objectives.
Release date: 2026-03-05
4. Collinearity diagnostics in generalized linear models fitted with survey data
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202500200004
Description: The class of generalized linear models (GLM) is a flexible generalization of ordinary least squares regression that allows the linear model to be related to the response variable via a link function and assumes the magnitude of the variance of each measurement to be a function of its predicted value. Multicollinearity in GLMs can inflate variances of the estimated coefficients and cause poor prediction in certain regions of the regression space. It may also cause a nonsignificant Wald statistic even when the predictors are highly predictive in a model of the family of GLMs. Little previous research has closely investigated the diagnostics of multicollinearity in GLMs, especially when complex survey data are used. In this paper, we develop variance inflation factors (VIFs) that measure the amount that the variance of a parameter estimator is increased due to multicollinearity in GLMs. We also extend VIFs and condition indexes to apply to complex survey data, accounting for design features, e.g. weights, clusters, and strata. Illustrations of these methods are given using data from a household survey of health and nutrition.
Release date: 2025-12-23
5. Fighting Misinformation
Stats in brief: 89-20-00062025001
Description: This video is designed to help you critically assess the data presented to you. No data is perfect. By understanding the strengths and limitations of the data, you can avoid being misled—and make smarter, more informed decisions.
Release date: 2025-12-15
6. Life in the FastText Lane: Harnessing Linear Programming Constrained Machine Learning for Classifications Revision Archived
Articles and reports: 11-522-X202500100010
Description: Statistics Canada's Labour Force Survey (LFS) plays an essential role in the estimation of labour market conditions in Canada. Periodically, LFS revises its data to the most recent industry and occupational classification versions. Differences in versions can be extensive, including high-level and unit-group structural changes, creations, deletions, split-offs and combination of classification units (classes). Historically, to reconcile split-off classes - where one class splits into multiple classes - a sample of LFS split-off records would be manually recoded to the new classification version. Based on the split-off proportion observed in the recoded sample, a random allocation method would be applied on all data to reflect the changing Canadian labour market over time. This article proposes using machine learning (fastText), constrained to split-off proportions using linear programming, to revise industry and occupation classifications in LFS. The hybrid framework benefits from a text-based revision mechanism while adhering to traditional proportions driven estimates, thus ensuring a minimal impact on the comparability of published labour market indicators.
Release date: 2025-09-08
7. Leveraging Statistics Canada data integration opportunities for program evaluation
Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202500300002
Description: Government programs are evaluated to measure their effectiveness. This article discusses the benefits of using Statistics Canada data combined with the data collected from the government program to provide a far more comprehensive evaluation than program data alone can offer. The article also summarizes a recent example of a program evaluation that benefited from Statistics Canada data and the expertise of Statistics Canada researchers in analyzing the data.
Release date: 2025-03-26
8. Bayesian predictive inference of a finite population mean without specifying the relation between the study variable and the covariates
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202400200004
Description: While we avoid specifying the parametric relationship between the study variable and covariates, we illustrate the advantage of including a spatial component to better account for the covariates in our models to make Bayesian predictive inference. We treat each unique covariate combination as an individual stratum, then we use small area estimation techniques to make inference about the finite population mean of the continuous response variable. The two spatial models used are the conditional autoregressive and simple conditional autoregressive models. We include the spatial effects by creating the adjacency matrix via the Mahalanobis distance between covariates. We also show how to incorporate survey weights into the spatial models when dealing with probability survey data. We compare the results of two non-spatial models including the Scott-Smith model and the Battese, Harter, and Fuller model to the spatial models. We illustrate the comparison between the aforementioned models with an application using BMI data from eight counties in California. Our goal is to have neighboring strata yield similar predictions, and to increase the difference between strata that are not neighbors. Ultimately, using the spatial models shows less global pooling compared to the non-spatial models, which was the desired outcome.
Release date: 2024-12-20
9. Robust adaptive survey design for time changes in mixed-mode response propensities
Articles and reports: 12-001-X202400200005
Description: Adaptive survey designs (ASDs) tailor recruitment protocols to population subgroups that are relevant to a survey. In recent years, effective ASD optimization has been the topic of research and several applications. However, the performance of an optimized ASD over time is sensitive to time changes in response propensities. How adaptation strategies can adjust to such variation over time is not yet fully understood. In this paper, we propose a robust optimization approach in the context of sequential mixed-mode surveys employing Bayesian analysis. The approach is formulated as a mathematical programming problem that explicitly accounts for uncertainty due to time change. ASD decisions can then be made by considering time-dependent variation in conditional mode response propensities and between-mode correlations in response propensities. The approach is demonstrated using a case study: the 2014-2017 Dutch Health Survey. We evaluate the sensitivity of ASD performance to 1) the budget level and 2) the length of applicable historic time-series data. We find there is only a moderate dependence on the budget level and the dependence on historic data is moderated by the amount of seasonality during the year.
Release date: 2024-12-20
10. Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) Technical Report, 2023
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-633-X2024004
Description: The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) is a comprehensive source of data that plays a key role in the understanding of the economic behaviour of immigrants. It is the only annual Canadian dataset that allows users to study the characteristics of immigrants to Canada at the time of admission and their economic outcomes and regional (inter-provincial) mobility over a time span of more than 40 years.
Release date: 2024-12-09

Data (2)

Data (2) ((2 results))

1. Canadian Statistical Geospatial Explorer Hub Archived
Data Visualization: 71-607-X2020010
Description: The Canadian Statistical Geospatial Explorer empowers users to discover geo enabled data holdings of Statistics Canada at various levels of geography including at the neighbourhood level. Users are able to visualize, thematically map, spatially explore and analyze, export and consume data in various formats. Users can also view the data superimposed on satellite imagery, topographic and street layers.
Release date: 2024-08-21
2. Housing Data Viewer Archived
Data Visualization: 71-607-X2019010
Description: The Housing Data Viewer is a visualization tool that allows users to explore Statistics Canada data on a map. Users can use the tool to navigate, compare and export data.
Release date: 2019-10-30

Analysis (256)

Analysis (256) (250 to 260 of 256 results)

251. Non-textbook problems in the revision of a business based employment survey Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X198000154834
Description:
The paper illustrates several practical problems in the adaptation of statistical theory to survey design in the context of the revision of an employment survey programme.
Release date: 1980-06-16
252. Data, statistics, information - Some issues of the Canadian Social Statistics Scene Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X197900254833
Description:
This paper looks at the current state of development of social statistics in Canada. Some key concepts related to statistics and social information are defined and discussed. The availability and analysis of administrative data is highlighted, along with the need for social surveys. Suggestions are made about the types of data analysis needed for the development of social decision models to meet policy requirements. Finally, an outline of priorities for future work toward the effective use of social statistics is given.
Release date: 1979-12-14
253. Rotation group biases in the old and new Labour Force Survey Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X197600200001
Description: This paper presents results on rotation group biases in the Canadian Labour Force Survey (LFS). The biases are studied in detail by decomposition into components responsible for the biases. Also, a comparison between the old and the new LFS is done on the basis of 1975 parallel run and differences are analyzed. Some conclusions are drawn and recommendations for other studies presented.
Release date: 1976-12-13
254. Method Test Panel Phase II ‒ Data analysis Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X197500254827
Description: In the Methods Test Panel Phase II it was required to do analysis of variance on proportions. Since such analysis gives only approximate results, two models were used in order to be able to draw safe conclusions. Analysis of variance was performed with the proportions as variable and also with the arc sine of the square root of the proportions. The two models are outlined in the present paper and empirical comparisons are made using the MTP Phase II data.
Release date: 1975-12-15
255. Analytic studies of sample survey data Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X197500300001
Description: Most sample surveys in the past have been "descriptive" in the sense that the main objective is the computation of means or totals of a number of characters of interest along with their standard errors. However, in recent years data produced from "descriptive" surveys are also being increasingly used for "analytical" purposes, i.e., for investigating relationships among variables. Also some sample surveys might have primary "analytical goals" in which case the "optimal" designing of such "analytical surveys" becomes important.
These lecture notes present an account of some recent developments in the analytical studies of sample survey data. Many challenging problems remain to be solved and I hope these notes will provide stimulation for further research in this important area.
Release date: 1975-12-15
256. Controlled random rounding Archived
Articles and reports: 12-001-X197500254825
Description:
Random rounding is a technique to ensure confidentiality of aggregate statistics. By randomly rounding all the components of a total, independently, together with the random rounding of the total itself, substantial discrepancies may arise when aggregating the published data. This paper presents a procedure which avoids substantial discrepancies while still protecting the concept of confidentiality.
Release date: 1975-12-15

Reference (26)

Reference (26) (10 to 20 of 26 results)

11. Note to Users of Data from the 2012 Canadian Income Survey
Notices and consultations: 75-513-X2014001
Description:
Starting with the 2012 reference year, annual individual and family income data is produced by the Canadian Income Survey (CIS). The CIS is a cross-sectional survey developed to provide information on the income and income sources of Canadians, along with their individual and household characteristics. The CIS reports on many of the same statistics as the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID), which last reported on income for the 2011 reference year. This note describes the CIS methodology, as well as the main differences in survey objectives, methodology and questionnaires between CIS and SLID.
Release date: 2014-12-10
12. Using a Trend-cycle Approach to Estimate Changes in Southern Canada's Water Yield from 1971 to 2004 Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 16-001-M2010014
Description: Quantifying how Canada's water yield has changed over time is an important component of the water accounts maintained by Statistics Canada. This study evaluates the movement in the series of annual water yield estimates for Southern Canada from 1971 to 2004. We estimated the movement in the series using a trend-cycle approach and found that water yield for southern Canada has generally decreased over the period of observation.
Release date: 2010-09-13
13. Finding and Using Statistics Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-533-X
Description:
This guide has been created especially for users needing a step-by-step review on how to find, read and use data, with quick tips on locating information on the Statistics Canada website. Originally published in paper format in the 1980s, revised as part of the 1994 Statistics Canada Catalogue, and then transformed into an electronic version, this guide is continually being updated to maintain its currency and usefulness.
Release date: 2007-11-19
14. Trade in Culture Services A Handbook of Concepts and Methods Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 81-595-M2007056
Geography: Canada
Description: This handbook discusses the collection and interpretation of statistical data on Canada's trade in culture services.
Release date: 2007-10-31
15. Producing Hours Worked for the SNA in Order to Measure Productivity: The Canadian Experience Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 15-206-X2006004
Description:
This paper provides a brief description of the methodology currently used to produce the annual volume of hours worked consistent with the System of National Accounts (SNA). These data are used for labour input in the annual and quarterly measures of labour productivity, as well as in the annual measures of multifactor productivity. For this purpose, hours worked are broken down by educational level and age group, so that changes in the composition of the labour force can be taken into account. They are also used to calculate hourly compensation and the unit labour cost and for simulations of the SNA Input-Output Model; as such, they are integrated as labour force inputs into most SNA satellite accounts (i.e., environment, tourism).
Release date: 2006-10-27
16. Constant Dollar Adjustment of Expenditure Data from the Survey of Household Spending Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 62F0026M2005005
Description:
This discussion paper reviews the previous research into the subject of presenting historical time series and comparisons in constant dollars for the Survey of Household Spending (SHS), and its predecessor the Family Expenditure Survey (FAMEX). It examines two principal methods of converting spending data into constant dollars. The purpose of this discussion paper is to show interested parties how the two methods differ in complexity of implementation and interpretation.
Release date: 2005-07-15
17. The CRISP-NLSCY files Archived
Notices and consultations: 12-002-X20050018033
Description:
Dr. J. Douglas Willms, and his staff at the Canadian Research Institute for Social Policy (CRISP) at the University of New Brunswick (Fredericton Campus), have developed a set of files for researchers interested in using Statistics Canada's National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) data sets. "The Files" consist of SPSS data and syntax, which are intended to assist researchers in conducting more efficient longitudinal analyses, using NLSCY data.
Release date: 2005-06-23
18. Using Median Expenditures: Impact on Household Spending Data Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 62F0026M2005001
Description:
This paper provides some guidance to users on the use of medians and also gives some examples of situations when it can be a more appropriate measure than the average.
Release date: 2005-05-17
19. Culture Goods Trade Estimates: Methodology and Technical Notes Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 81-595-M2004020
Geography: Canada
Description:
This article discusses the collection and interpretation of statistical data on Canada's trade in culture goods. It defines the products that are included in culture trade and explains how appropriate products are selected from the relevant classification standards.
This version has been replaced by Culture Goods Trade Data User Guide, Catalogue No. 81-595-MIE2006040.
Release date: 2004-07-28
20. Occupation, 2001 Census Technical Report (Reference Products: 2001 Census) Archived
Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-388-X
Description:
This report contains basic conceptual and data quality information to help users interpret and make use of census occupation data. It gives an overview of the collection, coding (to the 2001 National Occupational Classification), edit and imputation of the occupation data from the 2001 Census. The report describes procedural changes between the 2001 and earlier censuses, and provides an analysis of the quality level of the 2001 Census occupation data. Finally, it details the revision of the 1991 Standard Occupational Classification used in the 1991 and 1996 Censuses to the 2001 National Occupational Classification for Statistics used in 2001. The historical comparability of data coded to the two classifications is discussed. Appendices to the report include a table showing historical data for the 1991, 1996 and 2001 Censuses.
Release date: 2004-07-15

Date modified:: 2026-06-22

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