Languages

Description: Data on the mother tongue of the population of Canada and Canada outside Quebec, and of all provinces and territories, for Census years 1951 to 2021.

Description: Data on the first official language spoken by the population of Canada and Canada outside Quebec, and of all provinces and territories, for Census years 1971 to 2021.

Description: Data on the language spoken most often at home by the population of Canada and Canada outside Quebec, and of all provinces and territories, for Census years 1971 to 2021.

Description: This infographic highlights the value and proportion of Federal Business Innovation and Growth Support (BIGS) given to enterprises whose primary owner belongs to the official-language minority (OLM). Among these enterprises, selected characteristics such as business size, revenues, share of women-owned enterprises, and selected industry concentrations are also presented. Data is provided for the 2020 reference year and is sourced from the Business Linkable File Environment (2020), Business Innovation and Growth Support (2020) database and the Census of Population (2021).

Description: Data on first official language spoken by labour force status, highest certificate, diploma or degree, immigrant status and period of immigration, age and gender for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.

Description: Data on first official language spoken by knowledge of languages, place of birth (including provinces), immigrant status and period of immigration, age and gender for the population in private households of Canada, provinces and territories and census metropolitan areas with parts.

Description: Data on all languages spoken at home by mother tongue, knowledge of official languages, generation status, age and gender for the population in private households of Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.

Description: Data on mother tongue by immigrant status and period of immigration, number of languages known, age and gender for the population in private households in Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.

Description: This article in the Census in Brief series looks at the evolution of English–French bilingualism in Quebec, in Canada outside Quebec and across Canada in recent decades. It includes an analysis of how changes in the relative proportion and the rate of English–French bilingualism of different populations according to mother tongue have contributed to this evolution. Lastly, the article provides a glimpse into the link between schooling in the minority official language and English–French bilingualism.

Description: This article sketches a portrait of multilingualism at home in 2021. It examines the situations where more than one language is spoken at home in private Canadian households, based on certain household characteristics.

Description:

The "Profiles" series provides a statistical overview of various census geographic areas. Part A provides basic demographic, mother tongue, dwelling, household and family data collected from all households, that is, on a 100% basis. Part B provides data collected from a 20% sample of households on characteristics such as home language, ethnic origin, place of birth, education, religion, labour force activity, housing costs and income.

Description:

The "Profiles" series provides a statistical overview of various census geographic areas. Part A provides basic demographic, mother tongue, dwelling, household and family data collected from all households, that is, on a 100% basis.

Description:

The "Profiles" series provides a statistical overview of various census geographic areas. Part A provides basic demographic, mother tongue, dwelling, household and family data collected from all households, that is, on a 100% basis.

Description:

This study compares the earnings of bilingual and unilingual workers in three urban centres: Montreal, Toronto and Ottawa-Hull. Differences in the earnings of bilingual and unilingual workers are considered in the light of several demographic and job-related traits.

Description:

This paper describes two broad approaches that can be used to determine how statistical data on language derived from the Canadian Census of Population are prepared and disseminated, and explain how each requires different choices in organizing and presenting language data for dissemination. Statistics Canada has produced this document to provide language data users with key information on what data are available so they can know which data sources can meet their needs.

Description:

This document deals with the addition of questions to the 2021 Census questionnaire about minority language educational rights. Section 23 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms guarantees certain educational rights to French-speaking minorities outside Quebec and English-speaking minorities in Quebec. This document presents a detailed description of the activities and analyses carried out by Statistics Canada to meet the need for data on this population.

Description:

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this article presents some key information about people who speak neither of Canada's official languages, including their age group, mother tongue and place of residence.

Description:

This infographic uses census data from 2006 and 2016 to examine the trends associated with English-French bilingualism among Canadian children and youth who were aged 5 to 17.

Description:

Join Statistic Canada in celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Official Languages Act. This video helps to better understand how official laguages data can answer your questions.

Description:

The purpose of this document is to present an overview of the prevailing language trends observed between 2001 and 2016 in Manitoba. To this end, the document provides census-based information on the population who has French as their first official language spoken, mother tongue, language spoken at home or language used at work as well as on the population who reported speaking French well enough to conduct a conversation.

Description:

The purpose of this document is to present an overview of the prevailing language trends observed between 2001 and 2016 in Saskatchewan. To this end, the document provides census-based information on the population who has French as their first official language spoken, mother tongue, language spoken at home or language used at work as well as on the population who reported speaking French well enough to conduct a conversation.

Description:

The purpose of this document is to present an overview of the prevailing language trends observed between 2001 and 2016 in Alberta. To this end, the document provides census-based information on the population who have French as their first official language spoken, mother tongue, language spoken at home or language used at work as well as on the population who reported speaking French well enough to conduct a conversation.

Description:

The purpose of this document is to present an overview of the prevailing language trends observed between 2001 and 2016 in British Columbia. To this end, the document provides census-based information on the population who have French as their first official language spoken, mother tongue, language spoken at home or language used at work as well as on the population who reported speaking French well enough to conduct a conversation.

Description:

The purpose of this document is to present an overview of the prevailing language trends observed between 2001 and 2016 in Quebec. To this end, the document provides census-based information on the population who have English as their first official language spoken, mother tongue, language spoken at home or language used at work as well as on the population who reported speaking English well enough to conduct a conversation.

Description: This report presents the results of a study on the estimated number of children eligible for instruction in the minority official language, pursuant to section 23 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, who were classified as ineligible in the 2021 Census because relationships between family members living at different addresses could not be established within this data source. Using other data sources, including previous censuses and administrative data (such as vital statistics and tax data), we were able to establish these family relationships within the 2021 Census. This report presents the methods and data sources used first, then the results by selected regions and age groups.

Description:

This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret language data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

Description: This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret instruction in the minority official language data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

Description: This fact sheet presents a data ecosystem comprised of a set of data sources that, together, provide information on children eligible for instruction in the minority official language.

Description:

This fact sheet offers a concise overview of updated—new or modified—content for the 2021 Census of Population that is specific to the theme of immigration, ethnocultural diversity and languages in Canada, which includes the following topics: immigration and citizenship, place of birth of person/parents, ethnic or cultural origins, population groups, religion, language, and minority language educational rights. The changes considered for these topics are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2021.

Description:

This guide focuses on the following topic: Language. It provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2016 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts, talks about changes made to the 2016 Census, data quality and historical comparability, as well as comparison with other data sources. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.

Updated on November 29, 2017 to include information on language of work.

Description:

The Language of work Release and concepts overview provides an overview of the concepts, definitions and key measures used in the 2016 Census of Population Language of work release, as well as the products which will be available on release day and later.

Description:

The Language Release and concepts overview provides an overview of the concepts, definitions and key measures used in the 2016 Census of Population Language release, as well as the products which will be available on release day and later.

Description:

The main objective of this document is to raise awareness among Statistics Canada data users of the different sources of language data available at Statistics Canada. Along with the census, surveys with an important sample of official-language minority groups and/or with information on languages are listed by themes. Users will find a description of the survey and its target population, sample sizes (total and according to available linguistic characteristics), available language variables based on questions asked, date of the first release, year for which the data is available and a direct internet link to additional information on the various surveys.

Description:

The National Household Survey (NHS) Dictionary is a reference document which contains detailed definitions of concepts, universes, variables, and geographic terms used in the NHS. By referring to the NHS Dictionary, both beginner and intermediate data users will gain a better understanding of the data.