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Description:

This paper compares immigrants with the Canadian-born population in terms of depression and alcohol dependence. It explores whether the 'healthy immigrant effect' observed for physical health also holds true for mental health. Several sources of diversity among immigrants are also considered.

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The 2001 Community Profiles provide 2001 Census data for close to 6,000 communities, as well as for large and smaller metropolitan areas. These profiles contain free information for all Canadian communities (cities, towns, villages, Indian reserves and settlements, etc.), for counties or their equivalents and for metropolitan areas, as well as data for 2003 health regions. Additional information on data quality, definitions, data quality indexes, special notes and other supporting text is available.

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Using the Labour Market Activity Survey and the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, this article examines the extent to which registered pension plan coverage of immigrants and members of visible minorities differed from that of other Canadians between 1988 and 1998.

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The school performance of the children of immigrants in the Canadian school system is analyzed using data from the first three waves of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY). School performance is measured in terms of ability at reading, writing, mathematics and overall aptitude. The parents' and teachers' assessments of the children's performances are used, as are the results of formal testing. On average, children of immigrants generally do at least as well as the children of the Canadian-born along each dimension of school performance. The children of immigrant parents whose first language is either English or French have especially high outcomes. The children of other immigrant parents have lower performance in reading, writing and composition but their performance in mathematics is comparable to that of the children of Canadian-born parents. It is also found that with more years in the Canadian education system, the performance of these children in reading, writing and mathematics improves and is equal to or greater than the performance of the children of Canadian-born parents by age thirteen in virtually all areas of performance.

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This paper outlines the experience of immigrants in Canada as victims in the criminal justice system, using a mix of demographic, economic and justice data.

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This paper outlines the experience of visible minorities in Canada as victims in the criminal justice system, using a mix of demographic, economic and justice data.

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This article examines the migratory behaviour of individuals in the context of a family strategy.

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This paper addressed the need for alternative education systems and programs for "at-risk" African-Canadian, visible minority, and First Nations children and youth.

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This article looks at the changes in immigration to Canada during the 20th century.

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With this working paper, Statistics Canada is releasing 1991 Census data tabulated by a new geographic classification called "census metropolitan area and census agglomeration influenced zones", or MIZ. This classification applies to census subdivisions (municipalities) that lie outside census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations. This part of Canada covers 96% of the country's total land mass and contains 22% of its population, yet up to now we have been limited in our means of differentiating this vast area. The MIZ classification shows the influence of census metropolitan areas (CMA) and census agglomerations (CA) on surrounding census subdivisions as measured by commuting flows based on 1991 Census place of work data. This version of the MIZ classification also incorporates a preliminary version of a north concept that flags census subdivisions according to their location in the north or south of Canada.

The series of tables presented here show detailed demographic, social and economic characteristics for Canada as a whole, for the six major regions of Canada, and for individual provinces and territories. Within each table, the data are subdivided into five categories: census metropolitan area or census agglomeration, strong MIZ, moderate MIZ, weak MIZ and no MIZ. Within each of these categories, the data are further subdivided into north and south.

Readers are invited to review and use the data tables to assess whether this combined MIZ and north/south classification of non-CMA/CA areas provides sufficient detail to support data analysis and research. The intent of this MIZ classification is to reveal previously hidden data detail and thereby help users address issues related to this vast geographic area.

This is the first of three related Geography working papers (catalogue no. 92F0138MPE). The second working paper (no. 2000-2, 92F0138MPE00002) provides background information about the methodology used to delineate the MIZ classification. The third working paper (no. 2000-3, 92F0138MPE00003) describes the methodology used to define a continuous line across Canada that separates the north from the south to further differentiate the MIZ classification.

Description: Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment) and not in the labour force, unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate, by immigrant status and age group, last 5 months.

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Labour force characteristic estimates by visible minority group, age group, and sex.

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Labour force characteristic estimates by visible minority group, region, age group, and sex.

Description: Data on resident owners who are persons occupying one of their residential properties: immigration characteristics (immigration status, period of immigration, admission category, place of birth), age, total family income, the number and the total assessment value of residential properties owned.

Description: This interactive tool details the characteristics of racialized postsecondary students in Canada. This tool includes information on the number of Canadian students and graduates by population group, educational qualification, field of study, age group, and gender. Data are available at the national, provincial and territorial levels.

Description: Components of international migratory increase, quarterly: immigrants, emigrants, returning emigrants, net temporary emigrants, net non-permanent residents.

Description: This table provides quarterly estimates of the number of non-permanent residents by type for Canada, provinces and territories.

Description: 2021 economic outcomes of taxfiling immigrants admitted between 0 and 14 years of age compared to Canadian taxfilers by age at taxation, sex, admission category, period of admission, age group at admission, and low income duration during first 4 years after admission, for Canada and provinces.

Description: Differences in the number and proportion of persons with and without disabilities, by age group and gender, Canada, provinces and territories.

Description: Differences in the number and proportion of persons with disabilities with either mild, moderate, severe, or very severe disabilities, by age group and gender, Canada, provinces and territories.

Description: Using data from the 2014 General Social Survey on Canadians' Safety (Victimization), this Juristat examines the self-reported experiences of violent victimization and discrimination, and the perceptions of safety, among Canadian immigrants. Experiences of violent victimization, including incidents of sexual assault, robbery and physical assault, are examined focusing on the characteristics of the incidents, whether they were reported to police and their impacts on the victims. In addition, experiences of discrimination among immigrants-including the types of discrimination and the context in which these incidents occurred-as well as immigrants' perceptions of safety from crime are also discussed.

Description: This Juristat article presents information on the experiences of violent victimization among the visible minority population in Canada using self-reported data from the 2014 General Social Survey on Canadians' Safety (Victimization). In addition, characteristics of violent incidents are explored, along with experiences of discrimination and perceptions of safety. This Juristat article also examines whether satisfaction with police performance varies between visible and non-visible minority populations in Canada.

Description: This Juristat uses data from the 2014 General Social Survey on Canadians' Safety (Victimization) to analyze self-reported experiences of victimization and discrimination among Canadians by their religious affiliation. Characteristics of violent incidents are examined-including whether victim reported to police-while information on the context surrounding experiences of discrimination is explored. In addition, religious affiliation is examined in relation to Canadians' perceptions of safety and attitudes toward police performance.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

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Temporary foreign worker programs have become an increasingly important component of international migration to Western developed countries. However, there is little knowledge on how long foreign workers stay in the host country and what determinants are associated with their migratory trajectories. Using a national longitudinal administrative dataset of temporary foreign workers (TFWs) in Canada, this study examines their length and type of stay in Canada. It further examines the likelihood of staying given individual demographic characteristics, source-country attributes, host-country institutional factors and local community conditions.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

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It is well established that, in most Western countries, rates of small-business ownership tend to be higher among immigrants than among the native-born. In Canada, the overall shares of taxfilers who owned a private incorporated business in 2010 were similar for immigrants (4.6%) and the Canadian-born (4.8%). However, the rate of business ownership was substantially higher (5.8%) among immigrants who had been in Canada for 10 to 30 years. Much less is known about exit and survival patterns of immigrant-owned businesses as there is only a small body of international literature on this topic and little Canadian evidence. This paper addresses this gap by answering two questions. First, do exit and survival patterns (durations) of firm ownership differ between immigrants and individuals born in Canada? Second, what characteristics are associated with lower (or higher) exit rates from business ownership and longer ownership spells among immigrants? The analysis is limited to ownership of private incorporated firms.

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Based on 2016 Census data, the following infographic provides a portrait of education in Canada, including the educational attainment of the working-age population as well as highlights on Aboriginal peoples and where newcomers to Canada are completing their education. The infographic also looks at fields of study and the earnings of Canadians at different levels of education.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

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This Census in Brief article focuses on children with an immigrant background, that is, children aged 0 to 14 who were born abroad or who have at least one foreign-born parent. Children with an immigrant background are examined by country of ancestry (country of birth of the foreign-born children or the foreign-born parents) and by selected household and family characteristics.

Description: This document presents a complete list of the social inclusion indicators for ethnocultural groups in Canada that are available on the homepage of our Gender, Diversity and Inclusion Statistics Hub. The information provided for each indicator includes a short description of the corresponding derivation, available data sources, reference years and accessible levels of geographical and disaggregation. Each indicator has a corresponding products number (data tables, visualization tools and analytical documents). This document has been updated to reflect the social inclusion indicators and associated products that are available in 2024.

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This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret place of birth, generation status, citizenship and immigration data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

Description: This document presents a complete list of the social inclusion indicators for ethnocultural groups in Canada that are available on the homepage of our Gender, Diversity and Inclusion Statistics Hub. The information provided for each indicator includes a short description of the corresponding derivation, available data sources and reference years, and accessible levels of geographical disaggregation. Each indicator has various corresponding products (data tables, visualization tools and analytical documents).

Description: This video is designed to give you a basic understanding of the Place of birth, Citizenship and Immigration concepts as well as the importance of collecting data on these topics. You will also learn about other derived concepts such as generation status, immigration status, admissions category, applicant type, year of immigration, age at immigration, year of arrival, pre-admission experience and province or territory of intended destination. Data on these are used to evaluate policies and programs and compare social and economic conditions of immigrants over time.

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This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret visible minority and population group data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

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This reference guide provides information to help users effectively use and interpret ethnic or cultural origin data from the 2021 Census. This guide contains definitions and explanations of concepts, questions, classifications, data quality and comparability with other sources for this topic.

Description: This video is designed to provide you with a basic understanding of ethnic or cultural origin, population group, visible minority and religion concepts. It defines each of these concepts and explains the importance of this data in painting a picture of Canada's multicultural communities.

Description:

The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) is a comprehensive source of data that plays a key role in the understanding of the economic behaviour of immigrants. It is the only annual Canadian dataset that allows users to study the characteristics of immigrants to Canada at the time of admission and their economic outcomes and regional (inter-provincial) mobility over a time span of more than 35 years. The IMDB includes Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) administrative records which contain exhaustive information about immigrants who were admitted to Canada since 1952. It also includes data about non-permanent residents who have been issued temporary resident permits since 1980. This report will discuss the IMDB data sources, concepts and variables, record linkage, data processing, dissemination, data evaluation and quality indicators, comparability with other immigration datasets, and the analyses possible with the IMDB.

Description:

The Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) is a comprehensive source of data that plays a key role in the understanding of the economic behaviour of immigrants. It is the only annual Canadian dataset that allows users to study the characteristics of immigrants to Canada at the time of admission and their economic outcomes and regional (inter-provincial) mobility over a time span of more than 35 years. The IMDB includes Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) administrative records which contain exhaustive information about immigrants who were admitted to Canada since 1952. It also includes data about non-permanent residents who have been issued temporary resident permits since 1980. This report will discuss the IMDB data sources, concepts and variables, record linkage, data processing, dissemination, data evaluation and quality indicators, comparability with other immigration datasets, and the analyses possible with the IMDB.

The IMDB was released in stages. The sections 2.2 and 7 of this report were revised to take the updates into account.

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This fact sheet offers a concise overview of updated—new or modified—content for the 2021 Census of Population that is specific to the theme of immigration, ethnocultural diversity and languages in Canada, which includes the following topics: immigration and citizenship, place of birth of person/parents, ethnic or cultural origins, population groups, religion, language, and minority language educational rights. The changes considered for these topics are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2021.