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Description: Demographic and housing indicators by ecological area, every 5 years starting 1971. Includes total population, density of occupied private dwellings, urban/rural distribution, measured in numbers and percentages.

Description: This article first highlights historical trends in the migration of U.S.-born individuals to Canada. It then focuses on U.S.-born immigrants (herein referred to as U.S. immigrants), since they represent the largest portion of the U.S.-born population living in Canada. The article outlines the sociodemographic characteristics of the U.S.-born population in the 2021 Census of population and delves into its labour market and economic outcomes. In particular, the outcomes of the core working-age population (25 to 54 years old) of U.S. immigrants are compared with those of Canadian-born non-immigrants; the total immigrant population; and immigrants from two other G7 countries of birth that are also among the top sources of immigrants to Canada and share English or French as their official language, namely the United Kingdom and France.

Description: This article provides a detailed analysis of the contribution of foreign-born mothers to Canadian births from 1997 to 2024. Trends in the number of and proportion of births to foreign-born mothers are examined, including analysis by the mother's country of origin, age group and mean age at childbearing. International and provincial comparisons are also explored.

Description: The focus of this portrait is the analysis of the sociodemographic and ethnocultural diversity and socioeconomic outcomes of the Arab populations in Canada. The portrait uses data from the Census of Population (2001 to 2021), the 2011 National Household Survey and the 2020 General Social Survey – Social Identity. An intersectional approach is used to explore the relationships between multiple diversity measures.

Description: Release published in The Daily – Statistics Canada’s official release bulletin

Description: This infographic uses data from the 2016 and 2021 Census of Population to provide updated information about the movement of Indigenous people into and out of First Nations reserve communities, with a focus on selected demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.

Description: This interactive chart shows the flow of values from Major field of study to Occupation, or reverse order Occupation to Major field of study. Filter between Major field of study, Occupation, Highest certificate, diploma or degree, Gender, Immigrant status, Location of study and Geographies (Canada, Provinces and Territories).

Description: These interactive charts display various census data or indicators for selected geographies. Clicking a particular area of a chart allows users to customize their view and display different data or indicators.

Description: Based on data from the 2021 Census, this article uses age-standardized statistics to provide a sociodemographic portrait of the transgender and non-binary populations in Canada. It examines poverty rates and employment income of transgender men, transgender women and non-binary people, compared with cisgender men. It explores other characteristics such as education, work activity, occupation, housing, living arrangements, disability, Indigenous identity, and racialized/immigrant status.

Description: This study examines the language of instruction at the first college or university attended by young adults who went to a French-language high school in Canada outside Quebec, by their region of residence and field of study. This study is based on integrated data from the Postsecondary Students Information System and the 2021 Census of Population.

Description: Proportion of the school age population (ages 5 to 24), by selected characteristics, Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations.

Description: Proportion of immigrants and non-permanent residents among the school-age population (ages 5 to 25), Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations.

Description: Proportion of visible minorities, among the school-age population (ages 5 to 24), Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations.

Description: Proportion of the school age-population (aged 5 to 24) with non-official home language, Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations.

Description: Proportion of the school-age population (ages 5 to 24) with Indigenous identity, Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations.

Description: Annual counts of enterprises by visible minority status of owner (South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, etc.) for Canada, provinces and the territories.

Description: Annual counts of enterprises by age of owner (younger than 30 years, 30 to 39 years, 40 to 49 years, etc.) for Canada, provinces and the territories.

Description: Annual counts of enterprises by immigrant status of owner (admitted less than 5 years ago, admitted 5 to 9 years ago, etc.) for Canada, provinces and the territories.

Description: Annual counts of enterprises by Indigenous group (Indigenous, Non-Indigenous) of owner for Canada, provinces and the territories.

Description: Annual counts of enterprises by gender (men+, women+) of owner for Canada, provinces and the territories.

Description: This paper quantifies and assesses the role of culture employment in urban settings in Canada and the United States over the past two decades.

Description: In this paper, we examine the off-farm labour decisions of Canadian census-farm operators using micro-level data from the 2001 Census of Agriculture combined with community level data from the 2001 Census of Population.

Description:

This report presents the highlights of the age and sex data release from the 2006 Census of Population. Numerous colour maps, figures and tables illustrate the latest demographic trends and geographic patterns observed from the published data.

Description: PhDs are an important and vital asset in Canada's labour force because not only do they represent the highest educational attainment level in a knowledge-based economy, but they are also highly skilled industrial researchers and innovators, teachers and professors, along with being scientists and engineers. The study examines what industries are employing scientists and engineers and in what occupations, along with other labour market characteristics such as income and unemployment, age, gender and geographic location. The report also examines the differences between Canadian born and non-Canadian born scientists and engineers.

Description:

By 2017, Aboriginal persons of working age (15 and older) are projected to number close to a million about 3.4% of the working-age population overall. With anticipated labour shortages in many areas, this growing population may constitute an important pool of workers. Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations in Western Canada are compared in terms of employment, occupational distribution, and skill level.

Description:

Using recent police-reported and self-reported data, this new report provides a profile of the extent and nature of victimization and offending in Canada's territories.

The report finds that northern residents experience higher rates of violent victimization and are more likely to be victims of spousal violence than residents in the rest of Canada. Furthermore, police-reported crime rates in the North are much higher than those in the provinces.

The report also examines particular factors that seem to be associated with higher rates of victimization and offending. All are more common in the North. These factors include: northern residents are younger on average, than residents in the rest of Canada; the territories have higher proportions of lone-parent families and common-law families; they have higher rates of unemployment; and the territories also have higher proportions of Aboriginal residents compared to the provinces.

Description:

Between 1980 and 2000, and particularly the latter half of the 1990s, the earnings gap widened between young workers who were less-educated and those who were well-educated. Some research attributes the gap to technological change, which requires a workforce that is more skilled and better educated. The subsequent demand resulted in higher wages for such workers and hence increased returns to education. However, the past five years have seen strong job growth in industries that employ many young people with less education. How has the earnings gap been affected?

Description:

This series of reports provides key background information on the trends and conditions in Canadian census metropolitan areas (CMAs) across a number of dimensions. Subjects covered include demographics, housing, immigration, Aboriginal persons, low-income and stressed neighbourhoods, economic conditions, health, location of work and commuting mode, and culture. Most reports cover the 1981-to-2001 period.

Description:

Between 1971 and 2005, Canada's labour force became more educated in line with the increased credentials of new entrants, while the aging of the workforce shifted the experience profile upwards. However, this was not reflected in unemployment rates, which were for the most part slightly higher in 2005 than in 1971. What factors are at play? The article looks at specific age-education combinations to yield a more nuanced long-term perspective on current labour market conditions.

Description:

This document summarizes the results of content analyses of the 2004 Census Test. The first section briefly explains the context of the content analyses by describing the nature of the sample, its limitations and the strategies used to evaluate data quality. The second section provides an overview of the results for questions that have not changed since the 2001 Census by describing the similarities between 2001 and 2004 distributions and non-response rates. The third section evaluates data quality of new census questions or questions that have changed substantially: same-sex married couples, ethnic origins, levels of schooling, location where highest diploma was obtained, school attendance, permission to access income tax files, and permission to make personal data publicly available 92 years after the census. The last section summarizes the overall results for questions whose content was coded and evaluated as part of the 2004 test, namely industry, occupation and place of work variables.

Description: The Technical Guide on Demographic Estimates at Statistics Canada provides detailed descriptions of the most current data sources and methods used by the Centre for demography at Statistics Canada to produce demographic estimates as part of the Demographic estimates program. They comprise postcensal and intercensal population estimates; base population; births and deaths; immigrants; emigrants; returning emigrants; non-permanent residents; interprovincial migration; subprovincial estimates of population and intraprovincial migration; population estimates by age and gender; and census family estimates. A glossary of commonly used terms is available at the end of the guide.

Description: The purpose of this series of videos is to provide you with a good understanding of data table building concepts and to present you with some of the data table key components that might come into play when analyzing data. This video will explore data table components, table displays, and metadata.

Description: This video is part of a series that is designed to give you a basic understanding of the Census of Population web pages. The purpose of this video is to show you how to customize a census table to meet your data needs.

Description: Once every five years, the Census of Population provides a detailed and comprehensive statistical portrait of Canada that is vital to our country. It is the primary source of sociodemographic data for specific population groups such as lone-parent families, Indigenous peoples, immigrants, seniors and language groups.

In order to help users of census products to better understand the various Census of Population concepts, Statistics Canada has developed, in the context of the activities of the 2021 Census and previous censuses, a collection of short videos. These videos are a reference source for users who are new to census concepts or those who have some experience with these concepts, but may need a refresher or would like to expand their knowledge.

Description: This fact sheet offers a summary of content changes for the 2026 Census specific to the following topics: date of birth (age), sex at birth and gender, relationship to Person 1, and marital status. The tested changes for each topic are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2026.

Description: This fact sheet offers a summary of content changes for the 2026 Census specific to the following topics: languages and language of instruction. The tested changes for each topic are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2026.

Description: This fact sheet offers a summary of content changes for the 2026 Census specific to the following topics: ethnic or cultural origins, religion, immigration, citizenship and place of birth. The tested changes for each topic are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2026.

Description: This fact sheet offers a summary of content changes for the 2026 Census specific to the questions about Indigenous Peoples. The tested changes for each question are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2026.

Description: This fact sheet offers a summary of content changes for the 2026 Census specific to the following topics: income and expenditures, and housing and homelessness. The tested changes for each topic are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2026.

Description: This fact sheet offers a summary of content changes for the 2026 Census specific to the following topics: labour market activities, commuting and education. The tested changes for each topic are explained, along with the resulting approach for 2026.