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  • 41. Diverging trends in unionization Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200510413140
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Since the 1980s, the proportion of Canadian workers belonging to labour unions has declined considerably. Some workers have been more affected than others - particularly men, younger workers, and those in goods-producing industries. The article focuses on the extent to which the trends reflect changes in the distribution of employment by occupation, industry, or other characteristics.

    Release date: 2005-06-20
  • 42. Escaping low earnings Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200510413141
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Prolonged periods of low earnings can limit an individual's capacity to cope with income losses or unexpected expenses, and makes economic self-sufficiency difficult. The ability to escape low earnings is linked to a number of factors, including age, firm size, and changing jobs.

    Release date: 2005-06-20
  • 43. Work and Commuting in Census Metropolitan Areas, 1996 to 2001 Archived
    Articles and reports: 89-613-M2005007
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The report examined the location of jobs in 27 census metropolitan areas, paying particular attention to developments in Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa-Hull, Toronto, Winnipeg, Calgary, Edmonton and Vancouver. It also analysed the modes commuters used to travel to work, emphasising public transit and car (as driver or passenger) commute modes.

    While Canadian metropolitan areas continue to be characterized by a strong concentration of jobs in the downtown core, employment grew faster in the suburbs of Canada's largest metropolitan areas than in the city centres between 1996 and 2001. One characteristic of increasing employment in suburban locations is the shifting of manufacturing activities from the core of the city to the suburbs. Retail trade also shifted away from the central core towards more suburban locations. Relatively few workers employed outside the city centre commuted on public transit, rather, most drove or were a passenger in a car. This tendency to commute by car increased the farther the job was located from the city centre.

    Furthermore commute patterns have become more complex, with growth in suburb-to-suburb commutes outpacing traditional commute paths within the city centre, and between the city centre and suburbs. Commuters travelling from suburb to suburb were also much more likely to drive than take public transit.

    Despite the decentralization of jobs occurring in the metropolitan areas, public transit did not lose its share of commuters between 1996 and 2001. While more car traffic headed to jobs in the suburbs, a larger share of commuters heading for the city centre took public transit. This kept the total share of commuters who took public transit stable between 1996 and 2001.

    The report also found that jobs in the downtown core were higher skilled and higher paid, and that earnings increased faster for jobs in the city centre between 1996 and 2001.

    The report uses the 1996 and 2001 censuses of Canada.

    Release date: 2005-06-01
  • 44. Explaining the Increase in On-the-job Search Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0019M2005250
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Evidence from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) reveals that the percentage of employed workers searching for other jobs more than doubled in Canada between 1976 and 1995. Comparable evidence from the Current Population Survey (CPS), Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), and National Longitudinal Survey (NLS) suggests that the U.S. experienced a remarkably similar upward trend in on-the-job search (OJS) over this period. Using U.S. data to supplement the Canadian data wherever possible, this paper attempts to explain this long-term, secular trend in Canadian OJS rates by performing decomposition and industry-level analyses, and by considering concomitant changes in employer-to-employer transition rates and the wage returns to job changing. The results from both countries suggest that an important part of the upward trend in OJS rates is not explained by compositional effects, including cohort effects. The OJS increase seems also to have occurred independently of rising job insecurity due to sector-specific demand shocks and trends in the dispersion of log wage residuals. The data are most consistent with a long-term decrease in search costs.

    Release date: 2005-04-29
  • 45. Earnings trends in the knowledge-based economy Archived
    Articles and reports: 81-004-X20050017835
    Description:

    The earnings gap in favour of university graduates compared to those with less education is referred to as an "education premium". In order to better understand trends in the education premium, the analysis summarized here examines employment and earnings trends in Canada for males and females, young (age 25-35) and prime-aged workers (age 36-55) and across industry sectors.

    Release date: 2005-04-27
  • 46. Labour Markets, Business Activity and Population Growth and Mobility in Canadian CMAs Archived
    Articles and reports: 89-613-M2005006
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The report examines employment, unemployment, work activity, earnings, industrial structure, industry concentration and diversity, and human capital and population growth due to immigration and inter-CMA mobility in Census Metropolitan Areas (CMAs) between 1981 and 2001.

    Employment and unemployment rates of Census Metropolitan Area residents in 2001 were at similar levels as twenty years earlier. This despite major changes in the structure of urban economies and in particular the declining importance of manufacturing, and rising employment of business services industries.

    The labour market strength of Canada's largest urban areas varied tremendously in 2001, although the difference between the CMAs with the strongest and weakest labour markets had declined since 1981.

    Immigrants, low-paid workers and young workers lost ground in the labour market between 1981 and 2001. Over the same period women made gains in employment and earnings relative to men.

    University degree holders were highly concentrated in CMAs in 2001. Recent immigrants made a substantial contribution to the growth in the human capital pool in some CMAs between 1996 and 2001. Many small CMAs lost highly educated and young persons to larger CMAs over the same period.

    The report uses the 1981, 1991, and 2001 censuses of Canada, and the 1987-2003 Labour Force Survey.

    Release date: 2005-04-26
  • 47. Earnings of temporary versus permanent employees Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X200510113135
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This study looks at the wage gap between temporary and permanent employees over the 1997 to 2003 period. The comparison is made according to type of temporary employment, since the characteristics of employees vary greatly according to whether they are term or contract, seasonal, casual, or from a temporary agency. Also addressed is the economic vulnerability of temporary workers: Does the wage gap persist when hours worked, earnings of other household members, and number of dependants are considered?

    Release date: 2005-03-23
  • 48. Recent changes in the labour market Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X20050037803
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Job growth has shifted from high tech and autos in the 1990s to housing, resources and retailing so far this decade. This change in demand has profound implications for where jobs are located and the type of occupational and educational skills required. Meanwhile, labour supply has been increasingly met by older workers, as the population ages and formerly slow-growth industries no longer push workers out of the labour force.

    Release date: 2005-03-17
  • 49. Chinese Canadians: Enriching the cultural mosaic Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-008-X20040047778
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Chinese in Canada now comprise the country's largest visible minority group, surpassing one million for the first time, following successive waves of immigration. They are a diverse group, reporting a variety of countries of birth, mother tongues, home languages and religious affiliation. But they are linked by a common ethnicity. And while earlier Chinese immigrants came as manual labourers, recent arrivals tend to come with education and human capital. This article examines the history of the Chinese in Canada, its diverse population and its contribution to the nation's rich multicultural mosaic.

    Release date: 2005-03-08
  • 50. Industrial R&D Statistics by Region, 1994 to 2002 Archived
    Articles and reports: 88F0006X2005003
    Description:

    This document presents historical tables displaying regional data on business enterprise research and development (R&D) activity. Data are presented in R&D expenditures and personnel, by country of control, data source, employment size and R&D size.

    Release date: 2005-01-27
Reference (4)

Reference (4) ((4 results))

  • 1. Content of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics Part A: Demographic and Labour Content Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M199201A
    Description:

    Starting in 1994, the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) will follow individuals and families for at least six years, tracking their labour market experiences, changes in income and family circumstances. An initial proposal for the content of SLID, entitled Content of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics : Discussion Paper, was distributed in February 1992.

    That paper served as a background document for consultation wit h interested users. The content underwent significant change during this process. Based upon the revised content, a large-scale test of SLID will be conducted in February and May 1993.

    This document outlines the current demographic and labour content, leading into the test.

    Release date: 2008-10-21
  • 2. Labour, 2006 Census Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 97-559-P
    Description:

    This guide focuses on the following topics: Labour market activity and Unpaid work.

    Provides information that enables users to effectively use, apply and interpret data from the 2006 Census. Each guide contains definitions and explanations on census concepts. Additional information will be included for specific variables to help general users better understand the concepts and questions used in the census.

    Release date: 2008-04-08
  • 3. Annual Measure of the Volume of Work Consistent with the SNA: The Canadian Experience Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11F0026M2005005
    Description:

    The aim of this paper is to describe the actual methodology used to estimate annual hours worked by industry and province in Canada in view to be consistent with the System of National Accounts.

    Release date: 2005-08-30
  • 4. 2001 Census Standard Products Stubsets (Reference Products: 2001 Census) Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-400-X
    Description:

    The new product entitled "2001 Census Standard Products Stubsets" provides detailed information about all census variables, by category. It is released on the Internet only.

    This series includes six general reference products: Preview of Products and Services, Census Dictionary, Catalogue, Standard Products Stubsets, Census Handbook and Technical Reports.

    Release date: 2002-06-27
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