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- 1. Differences in the Distribution of High School Achievement: The Role of Class Size and Time-in-term ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2005270Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper adopts the decomposition technique of DiNardo, Fortin and Lemieux (DFL, 1996) to decompose provincial differences in the distribution of Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) test scores and assesses the relative contribution of provincial differences in the distribution of "class size" and time-in-term, other school factors and student background factors. Class size and time-in-term are both important school choice variables and we examine how provincial achievement differences would change if the Alberta distribution of class size and time-in-term prevailed in the other provinces. Results differ by province, and for provinces where mean achievement gaps would be lower, not all students would benefit.
Release date: 2005-11-22 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X20040018737Description:
This paper describes methodological factors that may explain variations in disability rates that are produced by various surveys at Statistics Canada. The need for a single "gold standard" estimate as opposed to a set of estimates is discussed.
Release date: 2005-10-27 - 3. Chronic Unemployment: A Statistical Profile ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-621-M2005031Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study used data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) to examine three groups of the unemployed population: the seldom unemployed, the always unemployed and the chronically unemployed. For the purposes of this study, the seldom unemployed group is defined as the 10% of the unemployed with the least time spent unemployed. The always unemployed, those who couldn't find a job when they searched for one, accounted for another 5%. The chronically unemployed group has been defined as the remaining top 10% of the unemployed with the most time spent in unemployment - between 48% and 99% of their time in the labour force.
Release date: 2005-09-06 - 4. The Education Services Industry in Canada ArchivedArticles and reports: 81-595-M2005033Geography: CanadaDescription:
The private, for-profit Education Services sector plays a key role in developing the knowledge and skills of the Canadian labour force. As awareness of the importance of lifelong learning has increased, so has interest in the contribution of private, for-profit Education Services to increasing skills and knowledge, productivity, innovation and competitiveness.
Little statistical information, from either the supply or demand side of the Educational Services sector, is available in Canada. Several federal and provincial ministries, academic researchers and industry participants have expressed a need for more comprehensive statistical information on the sector. As the national statistical agency, Statistics Canada has an interest in filling these information needs.
This report provides an overview of the Education Services sector in Canada. Drawing on available sources of statistical information, it also looks at whether it is possible to shed light on the size and characteristics of the private, for-profit Education Services sector.
The study was funded by the Policy Research Initiative.
Release date: 2005-07-20 - 5. Firms, Industries, and Unemployment Insurance: An Analysis Using Employer-employee Data from Canada ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2005260Geography: CanadaDescription:
The exploration of newly available administrative data in a number of countries has led to a growing realization that a careful study of the interaction between employer and employee characteristics is needed to fully understand labour market outcomes. The objective of this paper is to develop this theme by examining the design of social policy and its interaction with the labour market. The focus is on the Canadian unemployment insurance (UI) program. This analysis uses administrative data on the universe of employees, firms, and UI recipients in Canada over an 11 year period to examine the operation of UI from the perspective of the firm, paying particular attention to longitudinal issues associated with the pattern and causes of cross-subsidies. The findings show that persistent transfers through UI are present at both industry and firm levels. These cross-subsidies are concentrated among a small fraction of firms. An analysis using firm fixed effect indicates that almost 60 percent of explained variation in persistent cross-subsidies can be attributed to firm effects. Calculations of overall efficiency loss are very sensitive to the degree to which firm level information is used. A full appreciation of how social programs like UI interact with the labour market requires recognition of the characteristics and human resource practices of firms, and might be more fruitfully explored by implicit contract models of unemployment.
Release date: 2005-06-30 - 6. Exploring Crime Patterns in Canada ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-561-M2005005Geography: CanadaDescription:
This research paper provides an overview of patterns in crime data between 1962 and 2003, with a particular focus on the decline in recorded crime throughout the 1990s. This paper also explores the statistical relationship between selected crime patterns (homicide, robbery, break and enter and motor vehicle theft) and various macro-level demographic and economic changes. Analysis is based on police-reported crime data from the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Consumer Price Index, Labour Force Survey and institution data on the control and sale of alcoholic beverages in Canada.
In general, bivariate results indicate that throughout the 1990s the greatest gains in reducing crime rates were made in property crimes, especially among young offenders. Significant declines were also noted for robberies and homicides involving firearms as well as homicides overall.
Multivariate results indicate that, at the macro-level, different types of crime are influenced by different social and economic factors. Specifically, shifts in inflation were found to be associated with changes in the level of all financially motivated crimes examined (robbery, break and enter, motor vehicle theft). Shifts in the age composition of the population, on the other hand, were found to be correlated with shifts in rates of break and enter and were not statistically significant for the other types of crimes studied. Finally, shifts in alcohol consumption and unemployment rates were found to be correlated with shifts in homicide rates.
Release date: 2005-06-29 - 7. Social Assistance Use in Canada: National and Provincial Trends in Incidence, Entry and Exit ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2005245Geography: CanadaDescription:
Canada witnessed a dramatic decline in welfare participation from 1993/94 to the end of the nineties - one almost on a par with the U.S., but without the sort of landmark legislation adopted there. We explore the dynamics of Social Assistance usage in Canada over this period using data based on tax files for between 2 and 4 million individuals in each year from Canada's Longitudinal Administrative Data - the LAD. The unique attributes of this base - size, longitudinal nature, and income information availability - allow us, for the first time, to calculate annual incidence, entry and exit rates both at the national and provincial levels, broken down by family type. We discuss the variety of experiences of these groups; we identify the policy context and discuss the implications of the findings.
Release date: 2005-05-30 - 8. Summary Of: Social Assistance Use in Canada: National and Provincial Trends in Incidence, Entry and Exit ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2005246Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper summarizes findings from the research paper entitled Social Assistance Use in Canada: National and Provincial Trends in Incidence, Entry and Exit. For many Canadian families, Social Assistance (SA) usage reflects near-destitution and an exclusion from the social and economic mainstream. For children, it can represent a critical period of disadvantage with potentially lasting effects. While committed to SA, governments worry about cost. Thus, when SA participation rose during the recession of the early 1990s, virtually all provinces instituted changes to reduce SA dependency. Eligibility rules were made tighter, benefit levels cut, and 'snitch' lines introduced. Following these changes, and the economic recovery post-1995, the number of SA-dependent individuals dropped from 3.1 million to under 2 million by 2000, while benefits received fell from $14.3b in 1994 to $10.4b in 2001 (current dollars).
This paper maps the cycle of SA dependency, focusing on empirical records of SA entry, exit, and annual participation rates, placing these in the economic and policy context of the 1990s. The paper begins with a description of the database used, sample selection and editing procedures, the unit of analysis, a definition of SA participation, and the measure of entry and exit from SA. It then turns to the economic and policy backdrop of the 1990s, before showing results at the national and provincial levels. We conclude with a summary of main findings.
Release date: 2005-05-30 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 89-552-M2005013Geography: CanadaDescription:
This report documents key aspects of the development of the International Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey (ALL) - its theoretical roots, the domains selected for possible assessment, the approaches taken to assessment in each domain and the criteria that were employed to decide which domains were to be carried in the final design. As conceived, the ALL survey was meant to build on the success of the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) assessments by extending the range of skills assessed and by improving the quality of the assessment methods employed. This report documents several successes including: · the development of a new framework and associated robust measures for problem solving · the development of a powerful numeracy framework and associated robust measures · the specification of frameworks for practical cognition, teamwork and information and communication technology literacy The report also provides insight into those domains where development failed to yield approaches to assessment of sufficient quality, insight that reminds us that scientific advance in this domain is hard won.
Release date: 2005-03-24 - Articles and reports: 88F0006X2005006Description:
This research workshop part of the foresight function of the Science, Innovation and Electronic Information Division, was co-sponsored and hosted by the University of Windsor. The workshop placed the performance of commercialisation in the context of recent federal policy and history. It provided an opportunity for people involved in producing intellectual property for commercialisation to tell their stories. Legal experts advised on the problems of managing intellectual property and on how to make academics, and their private sector partners, better informed about intellectual property protection mechanisms. Recommendations on measurements of commercialisation activities are presented in the report.
Release date: 2005-03-18
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- 1. Differences in the Distribution of High School Achievement: The Role of Class Size and Time-in-term ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2005270Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper adopts the decomposition technique of DiNardo, Fortin and Lemieux (DFL, 1996) to decompose provincial differences in the distribution of Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) test scores and assesses the relative contribution of provincial differences in the distribution of "class size" and time-in-term, other school factors and student background factors. Class size and time-in-term are both important school choice variables and we examine how provincial achievement differences would change if the Alberta distribution of class size and time-in-term prevailed in the other provinces. Results differ by province, and for provinces where mean achievement gaps would be lower, not all students would benefit.
Release date: 2005-11-22 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X20040018737Description:
This paper describes methodological factors that may explain variations in disability rates that are produced by various surveys at Statistics Canada. The need for a single "gold standard" estimate as opposed to a set of estimates is discussed.
Release date: 2005-10-27 - 3. Chronic Unemployment: A Statistical Profile ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-621-M2005031Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study used data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) to examine three groups of the unemployed population: the seldom unemployed, the always unemployed and the chronically unemployed. For the purposes of this study, the seldom unemployed group is defined as the 10% of the unemployed with the least time spent unemployed. The always unemployed, those who couldn't find a job when they searched for one, accounted for another 5%. The chronically unemployed group has been defined as the remaining top 10% of the unemployed with the most time spent in unemployment - between 48% and 99% of their time in the labour force.
Release date: 2005-09-06 - 4. The Education Services Industry in Canada ArchivedArticles and reports: 81-595-M2005033Geography: CanadaDescription:
The private, for-profit Education Services sector plays a key role in developing the knowledge and skills of the Canadian labour force. As awareness of the importance of lifelong learning has increased, so has interest in the contribution of private, for-profit Education Services to increasing skills and knowledge, productivity, innovation and competitiveness.
Little statistical information, from either the supply or demand side of the Educational Services sector, is available in Canada. Several federal and provincial ministries, academic researchers and industry participants have expressed a need for more comprehensive statistical information on the sector. As the national statistical agency, Statistics Canada has an interest in filling these information needs.
This report provides an overview of the Education Services sector in Canada. Drawing on available sources of statistical information, it also looks at whether it is possible to shed light on the size and characteristics of the private, for-profit Education Services sector.
The study was funded by the Policy Research Initiative.
Release date: 2005-07-20 - 5. Firms, Industries, and Unemployment Insurance: An Analysis Using Employer-employee Data from Canada ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2005260Geography: CanadaDescription:
The exploration of newly available administrative data in a number of countries has led to a growing realization that a careful study of the interaction between employer and employee characteristics is needed to fully understand labour market outcomes. The objective of this paper is to develop this theme by examining the design of social policy and its interaction with the labour market. The focus is on the Canadian unemployment insurance (UI) program. This analysis uses administrative data on the universe of employees, firms, and UI recipients in Canada over an 11 year period to examine the operation of UI from the perspective of the firm, paying particular attention to longitudinal issues associated with the pattern and causes of cross-subsidies. The findings show that persistent transfers through UI are present at both industry and firm levels. These cross-subsidies are concentrated among a small fraction of firms. An analysis using firm fixed effect indicates that almost 60 percent of explained variation in persistent cross-subsidies can be attributed to firm effects. Calculations of overall efficiency loss are very sensitive to the degree to which firm level information is used. A full appreciation of how social programs like UI interact with the labour market requires recognition of the characteristics and human resource practices of firms, and might be more fruitfully explored by implicit contract models of unemployment.
Release date: 2005-06-30 - 6. Exploring Crime Patterns in Canada ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-561-M2005005Geography: CanadaDescription:
This research paper provides an overview of patterns in crime data between 1962 and 2003, with a particular focus on the decline in recorded crime throughout the 1990s. This paper also explores the statistical relationship between selected crime patterns (homicide, robbery, break and enter and motor vehicle theft) and various macro-level demographic and economic changes. Analysis is based on police-reported crime data from the Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, Consumer Price Index, Labour Force Survey and institution data on the control and sale of alcoholic beverages in Canada.
In general, bivariate results indicate that throughout the 1990s the greatest gains in reducing crime rates were made in property crimes, especially among young offenders. Significant declines were also noted for robberies and homicides involving firearms as well as homicides overall.
Multivariate results indicate that, at the macro-level, different types of crime are influenced by different social and economic factors. Specifically, shifts in inflation were found to be associated with changes in the level of all financially motivated crimes examined (robbery, break and enter, motor vehicle theft). Shifts in the age composition of the population, on the other hand, were found to be correlated with shifts in rates of break and enter and were not statistically significant for the other types of crimes studied. Finally, shifts in alcohol consumption and unemployment rates were found to be correlated with shifts in homicide rates.
Release date: 2005-06-29 - 7. Social Assistance Use in Canada: National and Provincial Trends in Incidence, Entry and Exit ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2005245Geography: CanadaDescription:
Canada witnessed a dramatic decline in welfare participation from 1993/94 to the end of the nineties - one almost on a par with the U.S., but without the sort of landmark legislation adopted there. We explore the dynamics of Social Assistance usage in Canada over this period using data based on tax files for between 2 and 4 million individuals in each year from Canada's Longitudinal Administrative Data - the LAD. The unique attributes of this base - size, longitudinal nature, and income information availability - allow us, for the first time, to calculate annual incidence, entry and exit rates both at the national and provincial levels, broken down by family type. We discuss the variety of experiences of these groups; we identify the policy context and discuss the implications of the findings.
Release date: 2005-05-30 - 8. Summary Of: Social Assistance Use in Canada: National and Provincial Trends in Incidence, Entry and Exit ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2005246Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper summarizes findings from the research paper entitled Social Assistance Use in Canada: National and Provincial Trends in Incidence, Entry and Exit. For many Canadian families, Social Assistance (SA) usage reflects near-destitution and an exclusion from the social and economic mainstream. For children, it can represent a critical period of disadvantage with potentially lasting effects. While committed to SA, governments worry about cost. Thus, when SA participation rose during the recession of the early 1990s, virtually all provinces instituted changes to reduce SA dependency. Eligibility rules were made tighter, benefit levels cut, and 'snitch' lines introduced. Following these changes, and the economic recovery post-1995, the number of SA-dependent individuals dropped from 3.1 million to under 2 million by 2000, while benefits received fell from $14.3b in 1994 to $10.4b in 2001 (current dollars).
This paper maps the cycle of SA dependency, focusing on empirical records of SA entry, exit, and annual participation rates, placing these in the economic and policy context of the 1990s. The paper begins with a description of the database used, sample selection and editing procedures, the unit of analysis, a definition of SA participation, and the measure of entry and exit from SA. It then turns to the economic and policy backdrop of the 1990s, before showing results at the national and provincial levels. We conclude with a summary of main findings.
Release date: 2005-05-30 - Articles and reports: 88F0006X2005006Description:
This research workshop part of the foresight function of the Science, Innovation and Electronic Information Division, was co-sponsored and hosted by the University of Windsor. The workshop placed the performance of commercialisation in the context of recent federal policy and history. It provided an opportunity for people involved in producing intellectual property for commercialisation to tell their stories. Legal experts advised on the problems of managing intellectual property and on how to make academics, and their private sector partners, better informed about intellectual property protection mechanisms. Recommendations on measurements of commercialisation activities are presented in the report.
Release date: 2005-03-18 - Stats in brief: 13-604-M2005047Description:
This paper discusses the revision policy of Canada's National Tourism Indicators (NTI) and summarizes results from some recent studies of data revisions to the NTI. The discussion is timely, as the adoption of explicit data revision policies has been emphasized recently as an essential element in the good governance of statistical systems.
The paper starts with a brief description of the NTI, their underlying conceptual framework, and their sources and methods. Next comes a discussion of the need for data revisions, and an outline of various types of revisions. Then a few sections are devoted to the new NTI revision policy adopted with the first quarter 2004 estimates, and the associated costs and benefits. Revision studies, which have been used to assess quality of national accounts estimates, and the database established to track data revisions to the NTI are described next. Last, results from some recent NTI data revision exercises and studies are summarized.
Release date: 2005-01-28
Reference (1)
Reference (1) ((1 result))
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 89-552-M2005013Geography: CanadaDescription:
This report documents key aspects of the development of the International Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey (ALL) - its theoretical roots, the domains selected for possible assessment, the approaches taken to assessment in each domain and the criteria that were employed to decide which domains were to be carried in the final design. As conceived, the ALL survey was meant to build on the success of the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) assessments by extending the range of skills assessed and by improving the quality of the assessment methods employed. This report documents several successes including: · the development of a new framework and associated robust measures for problem solving · the development of a powerful numeracy framework and associated robust measures · the specification of frameworks for practical cognition, teamwork and information and communication technology literacy The report also provides insight into those domains where development failed to yield approaches to assessment of sufficient quality, insight that reminds us that scientific advance in this domain is hard won.
Release date: 2005-03-24
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