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- Survey of Innovation (10)
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Results
All (120)
All (120) (110 to 120 of 120 results)
- Articles and reports: 88-003-X19990014627Geography: CanadaDescription:
Twenty years ago, it was rare for a university to patent an invention, create a spin-off company or license a technology - the priority was to "publish or perish." But according to the results of a new pilot survey, the catch phrase might well become "patent or publish". In 1997-98, Canada's universities registered 143 new patents and licensed 243 technologies, bringing in almost $16 million in royalties.
Release date: 1999-07-23 - Articles and reports: 52-216-X19970004457Description:
The purpose of this paper is to outline the results of preliminary research into the use of a potentially new economic indicator for Gross Domestic Product (GDP) - railway carloadings.
Release date: 1999-03-24 - 113. A Portrait of Entrants and Exits ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M1999121Geography: CanadaDescription:
Entry and exit are important phenomena. This paper reviews the evidence on the size of this process and its contribution to productivity and innovation. It then develops a detailed portrait of the characteristics of new firms that survive and those that fail. In doing so, it examines the type of competencies that are developed in both groups of firms. It asks which competencies are developed by new firms. In particular, it focuses on the innovative capabilities of new firms. It shows that small firms in general and entrants in particular are heterogeneous when it comes to their innovative activity. The types of innovative activity in which they are engaged vary widely. Some focus on research and development (R&D) and new products. Others focus on new technologies. Still others stress the development of human capital. In addition, this paper examines the competitive environment that new firms face and the connection between growth and innovation. It also examines the complementary skills that are employed by innovators. Finally, the paper focuses on the causes of failure in the firm population. It extends earlier work that finds that failing firms differ from surviving firms in terms of basic competencies-management, financial management and marketing capabilities.
Release date: 1999-02-25 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M1998098Geography: CanadaDescription:
The 1980s and 1990s have seen a rising share of skilled labour in total employment in the manufacturing sector of Canada. At the same time, the wage premium for skilled workers has increased, thereby increasing the inequality between skilled and unskilled workers. There is a disagreement about the causes of these changes. Several hypotheses have been offered to explain them-increased international competition, changes in the relative supply of more-skilled versus less-skilled workers, and skilled-augmenting technological change. This paper analyzes the nature, pattern and causes of the shifts in the composition of employment in manufacturing. The paper describes the composition of employment in manufacturing. It focuses on the direction and magnitude of shifts in the proportion of nonproduction workers employed within manufacturing and across sectors within manufacturing. It also investigates the extent to which wage differentials between nonproduction and production workers have widened in the 1980s. In addition, it assesses the extent to which these changes are associated with trade and technology use. The results indicate that the rising wage differentials are associated with both increased trade intensity and the types of technologies that are being used in the plant.
Release date: 1998-05-06 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M1997102Geography: CanadaDescription:
The strategies and competencies of small and medium-sized firms are explored here using the responses to the Survey of Growing Small and Medium Size Enterprises, conducted by Statistics Canada. The paper classifies small and medium-sized firms by innovator type and explores the complementary strategies in management, marketing, human resources and financing that are adopted by each innovator type and the success of each type of innovator.
A taxonomy of innovative types is developed that is based on the product/process development orientation of the firm. Differences in competencies in the area of human resources, management, marketing and finance that are possessed by firms in each group are examined. Firms are classified into one of four groups-product innovators, comprehensive (product and process) innovators, process innovators, or non-innovators-based on their responses to 22 innovation-related questions on the survey. These groups correspond to different stages in the development of a product market. Product innovators occupy the first stage, the time when the product is initially introduced. Comprehensive innovators represent the second stage, when the product demand is still growing, and firms in addition to producing new products, have begun to make dramatic improvements in their production efficiencies, by concentrating on process innovations as well as product innovations. Process innovators represent the third phase in the development of a product market, when the product characteristics have become established, and firms seek to improve their market share mainly by improving their production efficiencies. Finally, the last phase is characterized by a relatively stable product line, with a mature production technology.
The competencies of firms differ across these innovative types. Comprehensive innovators tend to develop greater capabilities than the other innovators in a wide range of areas. Comprehensive innovators also tend to outperform the other innovators in terms of growth in sales, market share, and employment size.
Innovators also tailor their financial strategies to their innovator type. Product innovators focus on a low debt/asset strategy with non-standard sources like venture capital. In later stages of the innovation life cycle-comprehensive and process innovators place great emphasis on higher debt/asset ratios and make greater use of long-term debt and equity capital.
Release date: 1998-01-22 - 116. The Importance of Research and Development for Innovation in Small and Large Canadian Manufacturing Firms ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M1997107Geography: CanadaDescription:
The debate over the appropriate function of government policy for research and development (R&D) subsidies brings into focus the different roles that are played by large and small firms in the innovation process. Small firms, it is often claimed, have different tendencies to use R&D facilities than large firms and, therefore, require the development of special programs that are directed at this sector. This paper examines the differences in the innovation profiles of small and large firms, and how R&D intensity and efficacy varies across different size classes. It investigates the contribution that R&D makes to success in the small and medium-sized population and the types of policies that small firms feel are the most appropriate to reduce the impediments to innovation that they face.
The paper finds a number of differences between large and small firms in the tendency to innovate and to use R&D facilities. Small firms can be divided into two groups. The first group consists of firms that resemble large firms in that they perform R&D and generate new products and processes primarily through their own efforts. The second are those who rely upon customers and suppliers for their sources of ideas for innovation. Large firms, by way of contrast, tend to rely more heavily on R&D. While they too rely on networks for ideas, their networks focus more heavily on relationships with other firms that belong to the same firm.
Most of the differences between small and large firms are explained by the fact that firms of different sizes specialize in different parts of the production process. Firms of different sizes serve different niches; they each have their own advantages. Small firms are more flexible but can suffer from cost disadvantages due to scale. They overcome their disadvantages by networking with their customers and by showing the same flexibility in their R&D process that they exhibit elsewhere. They rely less on dedicated R&D facilities and more on the flexible exploitation of R&D as opportunities arise. They also network with customers in order to adopt their suggestions for new innovations.
Release date: 1997-09-17 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M1996092Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study is one of a series that examines how technology adoption affects the skills of workers. Previous papers in the series have approached this issue in differentways with data from a variety of sources. Using data on the strategies and activities of small and medium-sized firms in both manufacturing and services industries,Baldwin and Johnson (1995), Baldwin, Johnson and Pedersen (1996) examine the connection between the different strategies that are pursued by growing firms.Firms that stress technological competencies are found to also place a greater emphasis on skill enhancement and training activities. Using survey data on the type oftechnology used in manufacturing plants and plant managers' perceptions of the skill requirements and training costs associated with the adoption of newtechnologies, Baldwin, Gray and Johnson (1995) find that technology use leads to greater skill requirements, more training, and higher training costs.This paper uses survey data on the incidence of advanced technology adoption and matched panel data on plant characteristics such as wages, capital intensity, andsize to examine the connection between technology use and the wage rates received by workers. Since higher wages are associated with higher skill levels,establishing a connection between technology use and wages reinforces the earlier findings.
Release date: 1996-01-09 - 118. Human Capital Development and Innovation: The Case of Training in Small and Medium Sized Firms ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M1995074Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study examines the characteristics of small and medium-sized firms that perform training. It uses data taken from a recent Statistics Canada survey that permit firms' training decisions to be analyzed within the broader context of their many activities and strategies.
The study finds strong evidence for the hypothesis that human capital development facilitated by training is complementary to innovation and technological change. Training incidence is found to be closely related to the importance that a firm gives to research and development, the use of new technologies, and numerous other strategies that are related to innovation. Training is also greater where a firm emphasizes quality and a comprehensive human-resource strategy. The results point to the inherent complementarity of technology and human resources policy.
Release date: 1995-03-30 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M1995073Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study investigates differences in the policies being pursued by innovative and non-innovative firms. It focuses on a broad group of strategies -- in marketing, finance, production, management and human resources and asks whether there are key areas in which the strategies being followed by innovative and non-innovative firms differ. It also asks how the activities of firms in each of these areas differs. Finally, it compares the performance of innovative and non-innovative firms. The study finds that innovative firms place a greater emphasis on management, human resources, marketing, financing, government programs and services, and production efficiencies. In most of these areas, innovative firms pursue activities more intensively. Finally, innovative firms are more successful than non-innovative firms.
Release date: 1995-02-28 - 120. Innovation: The Key to Success in Small Firms ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M1995076Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study examines the differences in strategies and activities pursued by a sample of more-successful and less-successful group of growing small- and medium-sized enterprises. Amongst other matters, it examines different functional strategies -- the importance of management, human resource practices, marketing, financing, and the innovativeness of the firm. Innovative activities are the most important determinants of success; that is, for a wide range of industries, they serve to discriminate between the more- and the less-successful firms better than any other variable. Almost all of the strategy questions that relate to innovative activity receive higher scores from the more-successful group of firms than from the less-successful group of firms. This is also the case for innovative activities -- whether a firm possesses an R&D unit, its expenditure on R&D relative to total investment, and its R&D-to-sales ratio.
Release date: 1995-02-28
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Data (4)
Data (4) ((4 results))
- Data Visualization: 71-607-X2021020Description: This interactive dashboard allows users to explore main data released from the Survey of Innovation and Business Strategy (SIBS) for the reference periods 2015-2017 (SIBS 2017) and 2017-2019 (SIBS 2019). Data for SIBS 2019 were released mainly in three waves in 2021: April 26 (innovation), June 9 (structure and business strategies) and July 27 (global value chain ). The SIBS 2019 is a joint initiative of Statistics Canada; Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada; Global Affairs Canada; the Bank of Canada; the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency; the Institut de la statistique du Québec ; and the Ontario Ministry of Economic Development, Job Creation and Trade. SIBS is the primary source of business innovation data for the Canadian economy. Between the release of the 2017 SIBS and 2019 SIBS results, the definition of what constitutes innovation changed slightly in the 4th edition of the Oslo Manual Data for the 2015-to-2017 and 2017-to-2019 reference periods are available by sector, according to the North American Industry Classification System; by enterprise size; and by economic region, according to the Standard Geographical Classification.Release date: 2021-07-27
- Data Visualization: 71-607-X2021014Description:
The interactive dashboard allows users to explore the main data released from the Intellectual Property Awareness and Use survey (IPAU) on February 18, 2021. Intellectual property (IP) is a distinct form of creative endeavour such as an invention, literary and artistic work, image or design that may be protected by formal legislation or common law or that has provided commercial value. The strategic use of IP is critical to the innovation and economic growth of Canadian enterprises. As a result, the IPAU survey was created to establish a baseline on the familiarity and use of IP by businesses in Canada. This survey is also part of the national Intellectual Property Strategy, which was designed to improve access to the IP system for all Canadians, including traditionally underrepresented groups, such as women and Indigenous peoples. Businesses in Canada can own IP domestically and internationally. International IP protection is accorded through a registration process in the country of interest. Data are available by enterprise size; by sector, according to the North American Industry Classification System; and by economic region, according to the Standard Geographical Classification, for the reference period from 2017 to 2019.
Release date: 2021-04-26 - 3. Workplace and Employee Survey Compendium ArchivedTable: 71-585-XDescription:
This compendium provides data from the new Workplace and Employee Survey (WES) conducted by Statistics Canada with the support of Human Resources Development Canada. The survey consists of two components: (1) a workplace survey on the adoption of technologies, organizational change, training and other human resource practices, business strategies, and labour turnover in workplaces; and (2) a survey of employees within these same workplaces covering wages, hours of work, job type, human capital, use of technologies and training. The result is a rich new source of linked information on workplaces and their employees.
Release date: 2008-09-24 - Table: 15-001-X20020076510Description:
This analytical paper focusses on how pharmaceutical manufacturing production is distributed and which factors favour its future growth, using such variables as its gross domestic product (GDP), employment, research and development (R&D) and innovation patterns. How this industry differs from other manufacturing industries is also discussed.
Release date: 2002-10-07
Analysis (114)
Analysis (114) (40 to 50 of 114 results)
- Journals and periodicals: 63F0002XGeography: CanadaDescription:
The Analytical paper series contains research published by Service Industries Division, sometimes in collaboration with other parts of Statistics Canada, government departments, research institutes, businesses and academics. All papers in the Series pertain to individual service industries or to the services sector as a whole. The objective of the Series is to disseminate knowledge and stimulate discussion. Readers are encouraged to contact the authors with comments, criticisms and suggestions.
Release date: 2008-02-27 - 42. Cities and Growth: The Left Brain of North American Cities: Scientists and Engineers and Urban Growth ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-622-M2008017Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper examines the growth of human capital in Canadian and U.S. cities. Using pooled Census of Population data for 242 urban centres, we evaluate the link between long run employment growth and the supply of different types of skilled labour. The paper also examines whether the scientific capabilities of cities are influenced by amenities such as the size of the local cultural sector.
The first part of the paper investigates the contribution of broad and specialized forms of human capital to long-run employment growth. We differentiate between employed degree holders (a general measure of human capital) and degree holders employed in science and cultural occupations (specific measures of human capital). Our growth models investigate long-run changes in urban employment from 1980 to 2000, and control for other factors that have been posited to influence the growth of cities. These include estimates of the amenities that proxy differences in the attractiveness of urban areas.
The second part of the paper focuses specifically on a particular type of human capital'degree holders in science and engineering occupations. Our models evaluate the factors associated with the medium- and long-run growth of these occupations. Particular attention is placed on disentangling the relationships between science and engineering growth and other forms of human capital.
Release date: 2008-01-08 - Articles and reports: 88F0006X2007007Description:
Results from the Survey of Innovation 2003 raised some interesting questions. First, an unexpected one-third of establishments in R&D services were not innovative. According to the guidelines of the Oslo Manual, innovative establishments are those that introduced a new or significantly improved product or process on to the market or into production, within a specified interval. Second, many of these non-innovative establishments indicated that satisfying existing customers was irrelevant to their firms success. This was very different response from all other types of firms.
This working paper provides a potential explanation of these unexpected results, as well as an overview of available information on establishments in R&D services (NAICS 5417) in the context of professional services generally. The paper assembles descriptive data to show that non-innovative establishments in R&D services differ significantly from other non-innovative establishments and, while not innovative, they are nevertheless highly inventive. It presents some evidence to suggest that they are venture firms (firms relying on infusions of investment capital rather than revenues from sales to sustain their operations) and proposes a specific set of indicators that would facilitate resolution of the nature of firms in this industry group.
Release date: 2007-12-20 - Articles and reports: 11-622-M2007016Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper summarizes the results of several research studies conducted by the Micro-economic Analysis Division of Statistics Canada that investigate the impact of advanced technology use on business performance. These studies combine establishment-level survey data on advanced technology practices with longitudinal data that measure changes in relative performance. Together, these studies provide strong evidence that technology strategies have considerable bearing on competitive outcomes after other correlates of plant performance are taken into account. Advanced communications technologies warrant special emphasis, as the use of these technologies has been shown to be closely associated with changes in relative productivity.
Release date: 2007-12-05 - Articles and reports: 88F0006X2007006Description:
This descriptive working paper provides highlights from the Biotechnology Use and Development Survey 2005. Data on innovative biotechnology firms are presented by region, sectors and firm size. The data include firm revenues, R&D activities, human resources, firm financing, age of firms, country of control and the proportion of publicly traded firms.
Release date: 2007-12-05 - Articles and reports: 11-622-M2007014Geography: CanadaDescription:
The paper's main objective is to provide a concise synthesis of a wide array of data and research on multinationals originating in Statistics Canada, focusing on both historical and current studies.
Chapter 2 discusses the macroeconomic contribution of foreign multinationals, focusing on two leading indicators of foreign multinational activity, foreign control and foreign direct investment. This chapter also describes studies that evaluate the contribution that foreign-controlled companies make to aggregate trade flows, linking changes in multinational trade intensity to the strategic reorganization of their production activities.
Chapter 3 concentrates on the strategies and activities of foreign multinationals that are relevant to ongoing debates over whether the presence of foreign multinationals promotes, or hampers, Canada's industrial competitiveness. This chapter first examines evidence that domestic and foreign firms respond differently to domestic market conditions. Second, it asks whether foreign firms compete in different ways than domestic firms do. Third, it examines the relative emphasis that foreign multinationals place on innovation and technology practices, and reports on the relationship between these activities and observable market outcomes. Fourth, it reports on the contribution that foreign-controlled firms make to productivity growth. Fifth, it discusses new research that focuses on the relationship between foreign ownership and head-office employment. Studies in these areas speak directly to the issue of whether foreign multinationals truncate or develop their corporate activities in host markets.
Chapter 4 focuses on studies that examine the foreign activities of Canadian-owned multinationals and how their domestic plants compare to foreign-controlled plants operating in Canada.
Chapter 5 offers an appraisal of Statistics Canada's research on multinationals.
Release date: 2007-11-13 - 47. Five types of innovation in Canadian manufacturing: First results from the Survey of Innovation 2005 ArchivedArticles and reports: 88-003-X200700210316Geography: CanadaDescription:
The most recent Statistics Canada Survey of Innovation (2005) distinguished five types of innovation. The questions on types of innovation were redesigned in response to the 1997 revision of the Oslo Manual, which incorporated new insights on innovation in the service industries, and broadened the concept of process innovation to include not only production processes but also methods of product delivery. This article examines the five different types of innovation in Canadian manufacturing establishments and industry groups.
Release date: 2007-10-09 - 48. Motives for co-operation in innovation: Evidence from the 2005 Canadian Survey of Innovation ArchivedArticles and reports: 88-003-X200700210317Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article summarizes the findings of an econometric study using data from the 2005 Canadian Survey of Innovation. The study looked at the decision of firms in the Canadian manufacturing sector to co-operate on innovation projects. The analysis reveals that the factors influencing the decision to co-operate in order to access external knowledge are very similar to those influencing cost-sharing motives. It also finds that public funding leads firms to co-operate in order to access external knowledge and research and development (R&D).
Release date: 2007-10-09 - Articles and reports: 88-003-X200700210322Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article sheds light on selected characteristics of firms, both innovators and non-innovators that participated in a global supply chain. Using results from the Survey of Innovation 2005, four indicators of global supply chain participation are explored: sales; source of raw materials and components; source of new machinery and equipment; and contracting out of R&D services.
Release date: 2007-10-09 - 50. Results of the pilot survey on nanotechnologies ArchivedArticles and reports: 88-003-X200700210323Geography: CanadaDescription:
Although nanotechnology can be thought of as a sector of its own, it is clear that nanotechnology is a cross-sector phenomenon with potentially significant impacts. Nanotechnologies can be found in areas as diverse as biotechnology and health, agriculture, electronics and computer technology, environment and energy, optics, and in materials and manufacturing.
Release date: 2007-10-09
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Reference (2)
Reference (2) ((2 results))
- Classification: 12-604-XDescription:
The concordance table provides a link between data tables and the survey questions from the Survey of Innovation and Business Strategy (SIBS).
Release date: 2021-07-30 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 13-605-X20060019175Description:
The National Accounts Advisory Committee reviews and gives advice on the concepts, methods, plans, standards as well as results associated with Statistics Canada's System of National Accounts.
Release date: 2006-03-31
- Date modified: