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- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100900001Description:
This paper highlights the main findings of the Immigrant Entrepreneurs research program initiated by the Research and Evaluation Branch of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada and Statistics Canada.
Release date: 2021-09-22 - Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100900003Description:
Entrepreneurship and businesses ownership are important aspects of the economic contribution of immigrants. Much is known regarding the high self-employment rates and other characteristics of immigrant entrepreneurs. However, very little is known about the based wage disparity, including gender-related biases in career advancement. Using new content developed in the 2016 General Social Survey (GSS Cycle 30): Canadians at Work and Home, this study investigates the possible existence and magnitude of gender-related biases in career advancement that may prevent women from advancing in their careers.
Release date: 2021-09-22 - 3. Immigrant Entrepreneurs as Job Creators: The Case of Canadian Private Incorporated Companies ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2019011Description:
Using data from Statistics Canada’s Canadian Employer–Employee Dynamics Database (CEEDD), this paper has three objectives: (1) determining how the number of jobs created or destroyed by immigrant-owned private incorporated companies compared with that of firms with Canadian-born owners, (2) determining whether immigrant-owned firms were more likely than firms with Canadian-born owners to be high growth firms or rapidly shrinking firms, and (3) determining which immigrant characteristics were associated with a higher likelihood of immigrant-owned firms being high growth firms or rapidly shrinking firms.
This paper addresses gross job creation (jobs created by expanding continuing firms and entering firms), gross job destruction (jobs terminated by contracting continuing firms and exiting firms), and net job change (the difference between gross job creation and gross job destruction).
Release date: 2019-04-24 - 4. The Exit and Survival Patterns of Immigrant Entrepreneurs: The Case of Private Incorporated Companies ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2018401Description:
It is well established that, in most Western countries, rates of small-business ownership tend to be higher among immigrants than among the native-born. In Canada, the overall shares of taxfilers who owned a private incorporated business in 2010 were similar for immigrants (4.6%) and the Canadian-born (4.8%). However, the rate of business ownership was substantially higher (5.8%) among immigrants who had been in Canada for 10 to 30 years. Much less is known about exit and survival patterns of immigrant-owned businesses as there is only a small body of international literature on this topic and little Canadian evidence. This paper addresses this gap by answering two questions. First, do exit and survival patterns (durations) of firm ownership differ between immigrants and individuals born in Canada? Second, what characteristics are associated with lower (or higher) exit rates from business ownership and longer ownership spells among immigrants? The analysis is limited to ownership of private incorporated firms.
Release date: 2018-01-19 - Articles and reports: 11-626-X2016057Description:
This Economic Insights article addresses the extent to which immigrants contribute to economic growth. For the first time, the business ownership and job-creation activities of immigrants are addressed. A longer, more detailed study is also available.
Release date: 2016-03-21 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2016375Description:
This paper provides, for the first time, an overview of immigrant business ownership and the associated job creation in Canada. This research is possible because a new dataset has been created in which the immigration status of business owners can be determined. The analysis focuses on two types of businesses: private incorporated businesses and the unincorporated self-employed. Results are presented for immigrants who have entered Canada since 1980 and who were in the country in 2010, hereafter simply referred to as immigrants in Canada. In addition, two entering cohorts of immigrants are tracked to determine the business ownership trajectory during the first 5 to 10 years in Canada.
Release date: 2016-03-21
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- Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100900001Description:
This paper highlights the main findings of the Immigrant Entrepreneurs research program initiated by the Research and Evaluation Branch of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada and Statistics Canada.
Release date: 2021-09-22 - Articles and reports: 36-28-0001202100900003Description:
Entrepreneurship and businesses ownership are important aspects of the economic contribution of immigrants. Much is known regarding the high self-employment rates and other characteristics of immigrant entrepreneurs. However, very little is known about the based wage disparity, including gender-related biases in career advancement. Using new content developed in the 2016 General Social Survey (GSS Cycle 30): Canadians at Work and Home, this study investigates the possible existence and magnitude of gender-related biases in career advancement that may prevent women from advancing in their careers.
Release date: 2021-09-22 - 3. Immigrant Entrepreneurs as Job Creators: The Case of Canadian Private Incorporated Companies ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2019011Description:
Using data from Statistics Canada’s Canadian Employer–Employee Dynamics Database (CEEDD), this paper has three objectives: (1) determining how the number of jobs created or destroyed by immigrant-owned private incorporated companies compared with that of firms with Canadian-born owners, (2) determining whether immigrant-owned firms were more likely than firms with Canadian-born owners to be high growth firms or rapidly shrinking firms, and (3) determining which immigrant characteristics were associated with a higher likelihood of immigrant-owned firms being high growth firms or rapidly shrinking firms.
This paper addresses gross job creation (jobs created by expanding continuing firms and entering firms), gross job destruction (jobs terminated by contracting continuing firms and exiting firms), and net job change (the difference between gross job creation and gross job destruction).
Release date: 2019-04-24 - 4. The Exit and Survival Patterns of Immigrant Entrepreneurs: The Case of Private Incorporated Companies ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0019M2018401Description:
It is well established that, in most Western countries, rates of small-business ownership tend to be higher among immigrants than among the native-born. In Canada, the overall shares of taxfilers who owned a private incorporated business in 2010 were similar for immigrants (4.6%) and the Canadian-born (4.8%). However, the rate of business ownership was substantially higher (5.8%) among immigrants who had been in Canada for 10 to 30 years. Much less is known about exit and survival patterns of immigrant-owned businesses as there is only a small body of international literature on this topic and little Canadian evidence. This paper addresses this gap by answering two questions. First, do exit and survival patterns (durations) of firm ownership differ between immigrants and individuals born in Canada? Second, what characteristics are associated with lower (or higher) exit rates from business ownership and longer ownership spells among immigrants? The analysis is limited to ownership of private incorporated firms.
Release date: 2018-01-19 - Articles and reports: 11-626-X2016057Description:
This Economic Insights article addresses the extent to which immigrants contribute to economic growth. For the first time, the business ownership and job-creation activities of immigrants are addressed. A longer, more detailed study is also available.
Release date: 2016-03-21 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2016375Description:
This paper provides, for the first time, an overview of immigrant business ownership and the associated job creation in Canada. This research is possible because a new dataset has been created in which the immigration status of business owners can be determined. The analysis focuses on two types of businesses: private incorporated businesses and the unincorporated self-employed. Results are presented for immigrants who have entered Canada since 1980 and who were in the country in 2010, hereafter simply referred to as immigrants in Canada. In addition, two entering cohorts of immigrants are tracked to determine the business ownership trajectory during the first 5 to 10 years in Canada.
Release date: 2016-03-21
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