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  • 41. A Social Accounting Matrix for Canada Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2012076
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper presents a first Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) compiled for Canada. Using data for the year 2000, the authors construct a SAM for the national economy. A SAM extends the National Accounts to allow for a fuller understanding of the socioeconomic system that captures the interdependencies of institutional groups. This paper presents a macro SAM with three micro extensions. The first application expands the household sector through integration with household surveys, showing incomes, outlays, savings, and fiscal transfers of the sector by income quintile and other household attributes. For this exercise, the authors use a market-transaction approach, which introduces a new perspective on household savings that diverges from national accounting concepts and the Canadian System of National Accounts sub-control totals. The second application expands employment income by age, gender, educational attainment, and industry of employment. The third application shows product taxes by type of expenditure and type of tax.

    Release date: 2012-02-03
  • 42. Economic Growth in North America: Is Canada Outperforming the United States? Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-626-X2011001
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This Economic Insight looks at commonly-used measures that are employed to compare the relative economic performance of Canada and the United States. It is based on research undertaken at Statistics Canada aimed at improving information about how and why Canadian and U.S. economic progress differs.

    Release date: 2011-12-21
  • 43. Export Growth, Capacity Utilization and Productivity Growth: Evidence from Canadian Manufacturing Plants Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2011075
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Labour productivity growth in the Canadian business sector slowed substantially after 2000. Most of the slowdown occurred in the manufacturing sector. This paper examines how this slowdown was associated with the restructuring that occurred in manufacturing as a result of the increase in excess capacity, the dramatic increase in the Canada-U.S. exchange rate and a slowdown in export growth.

    Release date: 2011-12-12
  • 44. Natural resource wealth, 2010 Archived
    Articles and reports: 16-002-X201100311549
    Geography: Canada
    Description: Canada is endowed with substantial reserves of natural resources, from energy and minerals in the ground to accessible stands of timber in forests. This article provides a brief overview of recent trends in Canada's natural resource wealth, which reflects the current dollar value of selected natural resource reserves.
    Release date: 2011-09-20
  • 45. Labour Productivity of Unincorporated Sole Proprietorships and Partnerships: Impact on the Canada-United States Productivity Gap Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2011071
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper asks how the performance of self-employed unincorporated businesses affects the size of the gap in labour productivity between Canada and the United States. To do so, the business sector in each country is divided into unincorporated and corporate businesses, and estimates of labour productivity are generated for each sector.

    The productivity performance of the unincorporated sector relative to the corporate sector is much lower in Canada than in the United States. As a result, when the unincorporated sector is removed from the estimates for the business sector in each country and only the corporate sectors for the two countries are compared, the gap in the level of productivity between Canada and the United States is reduced.

    The unincorporated sector consists of both sole proprietorships and partnerships. This paper also investigates the impact of just sole proprietorships on the Canada-United States productivity gap. Sole proprietorships in the two countries more closely resemble one another than do partnerships, as U.S. partnerships are much larger than their Canadian counterparts.

    When sole proprietorships are removed from the business-sector estimates of each country (allowing a comparison of sole proprietorships to the rest of the business sector, which consists of partnerships and the corporate sector), the gap in labour productivity between Canada and the United States also declines but by only about half as much as when both sole proprietorships and partnerships are removed.

    The lower productivity of the unincorporated sector (both sole proprietorships and partnerships) accounted for almost the entire productivity gap between Canada and the United States in 1998. Since then, the productivity of the corporate sector in Canada has fallen relative to that of the corporate sector in the United States and the unincorporated sector no longer accounts for the entire gap.

    Release date: 2011-07-28
  • 46. Measurement of Real Income in the System of National Accounts: An Application to North American Economies Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2011068
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper makes use of both output and income statistics derived from the System of National Accounts to examine performance in the three North American countries. In doing so, the paper follows recommendations contained in the System of National Accounts 1993 (SNA 1993) for calculating aggregate real income statistics such as gross national income (GNI) and gross national disposable income (GNDI) rather than aggregate real gross domestic product (GDP), in order to demonstrate the utility of alternate measures for analyzing aggregate economic performance and the standard of living. To move from estimates of GDP to estimates of GNI and GNDI, adjustments are made for changes in relative prices, referred to as a "trading gain" (the combined effect of changes to the terms of trade and changes in the ratio of traded goods prices to non-traded goods prices), and for current account entries other than the trade balance.

    The paper compares real output and income measures for Mexico, the United States, and Canada. Differences between the GDP and GNDI estimates illustrate the extent to which non-production factors, such as relative price changes, can influence the economic performance of a nation, either as compared to that of other nations or in terms of a nation's ability to purchase the goods and services its citizens consume. They also illustrate the benefit of using more than one measure when comparing economic performance across countries.

    Release date: 2011-07-11
  • 47. Economy and the environment Archived
    Articles and reports: 16-201-X201100011438
    Geography: Canada
    Description: This analytical article "Economy and the environment", provides information on the relationship between Canada's economy and environment. The report starts with a discussion of how the economy and the environment can be linked in conceptual terms (Section 2). It then presents Canada's environment in the international context (Section 3). Sections 4, 5 and 6 highlight Canada's endowment of natural resources and underlines their role in our economy with statistics on timber, energy, minerals, land and fresh water. Section 7 focuses on the flow of materials and energy between the economy and the environment with statistics on the intensity of energy use and resulting greenhouse gas emissions. Finally, Section 8 presents a selection of statistics on what households, businesses and governments are doing to reduce their impact on the environment.
    Release date: 2011-06-28
  • 48. The Contribution of Small and Medium-sized Businesses to Gross Domestic Product: A Canada-United States Comparison Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2011070
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Adopting the methodology used to produce estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) by size for the United States, this paper estimates GDP for small and medium-sized businesses versus large businesses for the Canadian non-agricultural business sector in 2005. In the entire non-agricultural business sector, small and medium-sized businesses with less than 500 employees account for 54.2% of GDP in Canada and for 50.7% of GDP in the United States. When two industries with heavy government ownership in Canada (health and education) are excluded, the results are 52.9% and 50.3%, respectively.

    Release date: 2011-06-13
  • 49. The 2008 to 2010 revisions of the Income and Expenditure Accounts Archived
    Stats in brief: 13-605-X201100211470
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Revised estimates of the Income and Expenditure Accounts covering the period 2008 to 2010 have been released along with those for the first quarter of 2011. The current revisions to GDP resulted from the inclusion of the most current estimates from data sources, including survey results, administrative data and public accounts.

    Release date: 2011-05-30
  • 50. Small, Medium-sized and Large Businesses in the Canadian Economy: Measuring Their Contribution to Gross Domestic Product in 2005 Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2011069
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The paper estimates the contributions to gross domestic product (GDP) made by small, medium-sized and large businesses in the Canadian business sector for 2005. The contribution of large businesses with 500 or more employees to business-sector GDP was 45.7%. Small and medium-sized businesses, including unincorporated businesses, accounted for the other 54.3%.

    Release date: 2011-05-30
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