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All (35) (0 to 10 of 35 results)
- 1. Working for minimum wage ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X19890042284Geography: CanadaDescription:
One in twelve paid workers in 1986 earned the minimum wage or less. A portrait of low-wage earners and a brief look at the origins of minimum wage legislation and differences by jurisdiction.
Release date: 1989-12-20 - 2. Moonlighters ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X19890042285Geography: CanadaDescription:
In the average week of 1988, over a half a million people worked at two or more jobs. This study shows that some groups of workers - the young, the self-employed - are especially disposed to moonlighting. Family circumstances, hours of work and earnings between single and multiple jobholders are examined.
Release date: 1989-12-20 - 3. Disabled workers ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X19890042286Geography: CanadaDescription: There were nearly 400,000 disabled workers in Canada in 1986 - less than a third of working age Canadians with a disability. What are the characteristics of disabled workers? This study compares disabled workers with the non-disabled in the work force and with disabled persons outside of the work force.Release date: 1989-12-20
- 4. Immigrants in product fabricating ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X19890042287Geography: CanadaDescription:
Immigrant workers are over-represented in "product fabricating" occupations, which include, for example, garment workers and mechanics. This profile of immigrants in fabricating jobs looks at age, education, period of immigration and knowledge of English or French. It also compared the employment income of immigrant and non-immigrant workers in product fabricating occupations.
Release date: 1989-12-20 - 5. Unemployment: A tale of two sources ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X19890042288Geography: CanadaDescription:
Unemployment estimates from the Labour Force Survey, source of the official unemployment rate, are quite different from counts of the number of Unemployment Insurance beneficiaries. This piece reviews the conceptual differences between the two data sources and quantifies many of the factors that create the discrepancies.
Release date: 1989-12-20 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X198900214562Description:
This paper presents a technique for developing appropriate confidence intervals around postcensal population estimates using a modification of the ratio-correlation method termed the rank-order procedure. It is shown that the Wilcoxon test can be used to decide if a given ratio-correlation model is stable over time. If stability is indicated, then the confidence intervals associated with the data used in model construction are appropriate for postcensal estimates. If stability is not indicated, the confidence intervals associated with the data used in model construction are not appropriate, and, moreover, likely to overstate the precision of postcensal estimates. Given instability, it is shown that confidence intervals appropriate for postcensal estimates can be derived using the rank-order procedure. An empirical example is provided using county population estimates for Washington state.
Release date: 1989-12-15 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X198900214563Description:
This paper examines the adequacy of estimates of emigrants from Canada and interprovincial migration data from the Family Allowance files and Revenue Canada tax files. The application of these data files in estimating total population for Canada, provinces and territories, was evaluated with reference to the 1986 Census counts. It was found that these two administrative files provided consistent and reasonably accurate series of data on emigration and interprovincial migration from 1981 to 1986. Consequently, the population estimates were fairly accurate. The estimate of emigrants derived from the Family Allowance file could be improved by using the ratio of adult to child emigrant rates computed from Employment and Immigration Canada’s immigration file.
Release date: 1989-12-15 - 8. Updating size measures in a probabilities proportional to size without replacement (PPSWOR) design ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X198900214564Description:
It is sometimes required that a probabilities proportional to size without replacement (PPSWOR) sample of first stage units (psu’s) in a multistage population survey design be updated to take account of new size measures that have become available for the whole population of such units. However, because of a considerable investment in within-psu mapping, segmentation, listing, enumerator recruitment, etc., we would like to retain the same sample psu’s if possible, consistent with the requirement that selection probabilities may now be regarded as being proportional to the new size measures. The method described in this article differs from methods already described in the literature in that it is valid for any sample size and does not require enumeration of all possible samples. Further, it does not require that the old and the new sampling methods be the same and hence it provides a convenient way not only of updating size measures but also of switching to a new sampling method.
Release date: 1989-12-15 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X198900214565Description:
Empirical Bayes techniques are applied to the problem of “small area” estimation of proportions. Such methods have been previously used to advantage in a variety of situations, as described, for example, by Morris (1983). The basic idea here consists of incorporating random effects and nested random effects into models which reflect the complex structure of a multi-stage sample design, as was originally proposed by Dempster and Tomberlin (1980). Estimates of proportions can be obtained, together with associated estimates of uncertainty. These techniques are applied to simulated data in a Monte Carlo study which compares several available techniques for small area estimation.
Release date: 1989-12-15 - 10. Randomized response sampling from dichotomous populations with continuous randomization ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X198900214566Description:
A randomized response model for sampling from dichotomous populations is developed in this paper. The model permits the use of continuous randomization and multiple trials per respondent. The special case of randomization with normal distributions is considered, and a computer simulation of such a sampling procedure is presented as an initial exploration into the effects such a scheme has on the amount of information in the sample. A portable electronic device is discussed which would implement the presented model. The results of a study taken, using the electronic randomizing device, is presented. The results show that randomized response sampling is a superior technique to direct questioning for at least some sensitive questions.
Release date: 1989-12-15
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- 1. Bilingualism and earnings ArchivedTable: 75-001-X19890022277Description:
This study compares the earnings of bilingual and unilingual workers in three urban centres: Montreal, Toronto and Ottawa-Hull. Differences in the earnings of bilingual and unilingual workers are considered in the light of several demographic and job-related traits.
Release date: 1989-06-30
Analysis (34)
Analysis (34) (30 to 40 of 34 results)
- 31. Sample allocation in multivariate surveys ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X198900114578Description:
The optimum allocation to strata for multipurpose surveys is often solved in practice by establishing linear variance constraints and then using convex programming to minimize the survey cost. Using the Kuhn-Tucker theorem, this paper gives an expression for the resulting optimum allocation in terms of Lagrangian multipliers. Using this representation, the partial derivative of the cost function with respect to the k-th variance constraint is found to be -2 \alpha_{k^*} g (x^*) / v_k, where g (x^*) is the cost of the optimum allocation and where \alpha_{k^*} and v_k are, respectively, the k-th normalized Lagrangian multiplier and the upper bound on the precision of the k-th variable. Finally, a simple computing algorithm is presented and its convergence properties are discussed. The use of these results in sample design is demonstrated with data from a survey of commercial establishments.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - 32. Modelling and estimation for repeated surveys ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X198900114579Description:
Estimation of the means of a characteristic for a population at different points in time, based on a series of repeated surveys, is briefly reviewed. By imposing a stochastic parametric model on these means, it is possible to estimate the parameters of the model and to obtain alternative estimators of the means themselves. We describe the case where the population means follow an autoregressive-moving average (ARMA) process and the survey errors can also be formulated as an ARMA process. An example using data from the Canadian Travel Survey is presented.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X198900114580Description:
Estimation of total numbers of hogs and pigs, sows and gilts, and cattle and calves in a state is studied using data obtained in the June Enumerative Survey conducted by the National Agricultural Statistics Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. It is possible to construct six different estimators using the June Enumerative Survey data. Three estimators involve data from area samples and three estimators combine data from list-frame and area-frame surveys. A rotation sampling scheme is used for the area frame portion of the June Enumerative Survey. Using data from the five years, 1982 through 1986, covariances among the estimators for different years are estimated. A composite estimator is proposed for the livestock numbers. The composite estimator is obtained by a generalized least-squares regression of the vector of different yearly estimators on an appropriate set of dummy variables. The composite estimator is designed to yield estimates for livestock inventories that are “at the same level” as the official estimates made by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Release date: 1989-06-15 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X198900114581Description:
This paper develops a design consistent small domain estimator using a random effects model. The mean squared error of this estimator is then evaluated without assuming the random effect component of the model is correct. Data from a complex sample survey shows how this approach to mean squared error estimation, while perhaps too instable to be used directly, can be employed to determine whether the design consistent small domain estimator proposed here is better than the conventional design-based estimator.
Release date: 1989-06-15
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