Research Highlights on Health and Aging

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Release date: July 28, 2016

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Presentation to the National Statistics Council
October 30, 2015

Claudia Sanmartin
Health Analysis Division
Analytical Studies Branch

The following presentation was given by Statistics Canada's Health Analysis Division (HAD) at the National Statistics Council Meeting in October 2015 to highlight recent research findings related to aging and health. Canada, like other countries, has an aging population. This has significant implications for the health of Canadians and the health care services they will need in the future. Over the past several years, health research related to aging has focused on key areas such as chronic diseases, social isolation and more recently, transitions to institutional care. Through its health research program, Statistics Canada will continue to address important information gaps related to aging and institutional care, including a better understanding of long-term care needs and the mental health of seniors.

Population profile

People aged 65 and over represent a large and growing proportion of the population

Description for Chart 1

Proportion of population aged 65 years and over, Canada, 1971 to 2061

Year Proportion of population 65+ years of age (%)

**Source:** Population Estimates and Population Projections (medium-growth scenario) Program, Demography Division, Statistics Canada.

1971 8.0

1981 9.6

1991 11.5

2001 12.6

2011 14.4

2021 18.7

2031 23.1

2041 24.2

2051 24.8

2061 25.5

Proportion of population aged 65 years and over, Canada, 1971 to 2061
Year	Proportion of population 65+ years of age (%)
Source: Population Estimates and Population Projections (medium-growth scenario) Program, Demography Division, Statistics Canada.
1971	8.0
1981	9.6
1991	11.5
2001	12.6
2011	14.4
2021	18.7
2031	23.1
2041	24.2
2051	24.8
2061	25.5

People aged 80 and over also represent a large and growing proportion of seniors

Observed (1971 to 2011) and projected (2021 to 2061) number of people aged 65 to 79 years and 80 years and over, Canada — Description for Chart 2

Observed (1971 to 2011) and projected (2016 to 2061) number of people aged 65 to 79 years and 80 years and over, Canada (in thousands)

Year 65 to 79 80 and over

**Source:** Population Estimates and Population Projections Program (medium-growth scenario), Demography Division, Statistics Canada.

1971 1,417.169 345.241

1981 1,922.934 454.029

1991 2,543.265 669.223

2001 2,981.084 931.206

2011 3,606.100 1,344.210

2021 5,359.199 1,738.223

2031 6,853.506 2,685.574

2041 6,786.329 3,951.490

2051 7,146.060 4,547.040

2061 8,003.698 4,815.046

Observed (1971 to 2011) and projected (2016 to 2061) number of people aged 65 to 79 years and 80 years and over, Canada (in thousands)
Year	65 to 79	80 and over
Source: Population Estimates and Population Projections Program (medium-growth scenario), Demography Division, Statistics Canada.
1971	1,417.169	345.241
1981	1,922.934	454.029
1991	2,543.265	669.223
2001	2,981.084	931.206
2011	3,606.100	1,344.210
2021	5,359.199	1,738.223
2031	6,853.506	2,685.574
2041	6,786.329	3,951.490
2051	7,146.060	4,547.040
2061	8,003.698	4,815.046

Growing number of seniors living in the community

Description for Chart 3

Community-dwelling seniors aged 80 and over, Canada, 1981 to 2031 - Male

Year Male population

**Source:** Statistics Canada, Censuses of Population (1981-1991-2001-2011) and custom tabulations from LifePaths microsimulation model (2021-2031).

1981 126,835

1991 182,505

2001 269,405

2011 426,165

2021 617,528

2031 948,141

Community-dwelling seniors aged 80 and over, Canada, 1981 to 2031 - Female

Year Female population

**Source:** Statistics Canada, Censuses of Population (1981-1991-2001-2011) and custom tabulations from LifePaths microsimulation model (2021-2031).

1981 204,480

1991 308,615

2001 464,060

2011 634,405

2021 878,052

2031 1,293,201

Community-dwelling seniors aged 80 and over, Canada, 1981 to 2031 - Male
Year	Male population
Source: Statistics Canada, Censuses of Population (1981-1991-2001-2011) and custom tabulations from LifePaths microsimulation model (2021-2031).
1981	126,835
1991	182,505
2001	269,405
2011	426,165
2021	617,528
2031	948,141

Community-dwelling seniors aged 80 and over, Canada, 1981 to 2031 - Female
Year	Female population
Source: Statistics Canada, Censuses of Population (1981-1991-2001-2011) and custom tabulations from LifePaths microsimulation model (2021-2031).
1981	204,480
1991	308,615
2001	464,060
2011	634,405
2021	878,052
2031	1,293,201

Majority of those aged 65 and over live in the community, but 7% live in special care facilities—long-term and residential care facilities

Flowchart - Majority of those aged 65 and over live in the community — Description for Chart 4

Population aged 65 and over 4,945,000 (100%)

Living in private dwellings 4,551,905 (92.1%)

Living in collective dwellings 393,095 (7.9%)

Living in special facilities 352,205 (7.1%)

Living in nursing homes, or chronic care or long-term care hospitals 224,280 (4.5%)

Living in residences for senior citizens 127,925 (2.6%)

Living in other collectives 40,890 (0.8%)

**Source:** Statistics Canada, *Census in Brief*, 98-312-X2011003, no. 4, September 2012
**Data Source:** 2011 Census of Population

Chronic conditions

Eight chronic conditions are prevalent in more than 10% of the population aged 65 and over

Proportion of individuals 45 years of age and over with selected chronic conditions, Canada, 2008/2009
Chronic conditions	45 to 64	65 or older
Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey (2008/2009)— Healthy Aging
High blood pressure	24.0%	52.9%
Arthritis	20.3%	43.4%
Back problems	25.0%	28.6%
Eye problems	4.6%	27.9%
Heart disease	6.9%	22.6%
Osteoporosis	6.1%	18.1%
Diabetes	8.6%	17.2%
Urinary incontinence	3.3%	11.7%

Many of those over 50 years of age are living with multiple chronic conditions

Proportion of individuals over 50 years of age with at least one high-impact, high-prevalence chronic condition, Canada, 2009/2010 — Description for Chart 6

Proportion of individuals over 50 years of age with at least one high-impact, high prevalence chronic condition, Canada, 2009/2010

Number of chronic conditions 51 to 60 61 to 70 71 and over

**Source:** Canadian Community Health Survey. (2008/2009)

One only 31% 34% 32%

Two 13% 22% 29%

Three or more 6% 12% 21%

Proportion of individuals over 50 years of age with at least one high-impact, high prevalence chronic condition, Canada, 2009/2010
Number of chronic conditions	51 to 60	61 to 70	71 and over
Source: Canadian Community Health Survey. (2008/2009)
One only	31%	34%	32%
Two	13%	22%	29%
Three or more	6%	12%	21%

Urinary incontinence associated with higher levels of loneliness

Description for Chart 7

Prevalence of urinary incontinence and loneliness, by age group and sex, household population aged 65 and over, Canada (excluding territories), 2008/2009, proportion (%)

Age Group Men Women

**Source:** Statistics Canada, *Health Reports*, 82-003-X, vol 24 no. 10 October 2013
**Data source:** Canadian Community Health Survey (2008/2009)-Healthy Aging

Urinary Incontinence

65 to 74 6.4 9.8

75 to 84 11.6 16.6

85 and over 18.7 22.3

Loneliness

65 to 74 24.0 38.2

75 to 84 25.8 40.8

85 and over 31.7 45.0

Prevalence of urinary incontinence and loneliness, by age group and sex, household population aged 65 and over, Canada (excluding territories), 2008/2009, proportion (%)
Age Group	Men	Women
Source: Statistics Canada, Health Reports, 82-003-X, vol 24 no. 10 October 2013 Data source: Canadian Community Health Survey (2008/2009)-Healthy Aging
Urinary Incontinence
65 to 74	6.4	9.8
75 to 84	11.6	16.6
85 and over	18.7	22.3
Loneliness
65 to 74	24.0	38.2
75 to 84	25.8	40.8
85 and over	31.7	45.0

Lifestyle factors

Four or more healthy behaviours associated with higher rates of good health among those aged 65 and over

Description for Chart 8

Proportion of individuals 65 years of age and over in good health, by number of health-promoting behaviours, Canada, 2008/2009

Number of health-promoting factors Proportion of those aged 65 and over in good health (%)

**Source:** Statistics Canada, *Health Reports*, 82-003-X, vol 21 no. 3 July 2010
**Data source:** Canadian Community Health Survey (2008/2009)-Healthy Aging

0 to 2 17

3 29

4 42

5 54

6 65

7 71

8 77

Proportion of individuals 65 years of age and over in good health, by number of health-promoting behaviours, Canada, 2008/2009
Number of health-promoting factors	Proportion of those aged 65 and over in good health (%)
Source: Statistics Canada, Health Reports, 82-003-X, vol 21 no. 3 July 2010 Data source: Canadian Community Health Survey (2008/2009)-Healthy Aging
0 to 2	17
3	29
4	42
5	54
6	65
7	71
8	77

Nutrition

Omega-3 levels highest among older Canadians—less likely to be at high risk for coronary heart disease (CHD)

Description for Chart 9

Prevalence of CHD risk according to omega-3 index cut-offs, household population aged 20 to 79 years, Canada (excluding territories), 2012/2013, proportion at risk of CHD (%)

Age Group High risk of CHD < 4% Moderate risk of CHD 4 to 8%

**Sources:** Statistics Canada, *Health Reports*, 82-003-X, vol. 26 no. 11, November 2015
**Data Source:** Canadian Health Measures Survey (2012/2013)

20 to 39 50.09 49.21

40 to 59 45.35 52.21

60 to 79 26.30 67.56

Prevalence of CHD risk according to omega-3 index cut-offs, household population aged 20 to 79 years, Canada (excluding territories), 2012/2013, proportion at risk of CHD (%)
Age Group	High risk of CHD < 4%	Moderate risk of CHD 4 to 8%
Sources: Statistics Canada, Health Reports, 82-003-X, vol. 26 no. 11, November 2015 Data Source: Canadian Health Measures Survey (2012/2013)
20 to 39	50.09	49.21
40 to 59	45.35	52.21
60 to 79	26.30	67.56

Environment

No association of blood lead level with hypertension

Description for Chart 10

Model-adjusted geometric mean blood lead level, by hypertension status, age group and sex, household population aged 40 to 79, Canada, 2007 to 2011, blood lead level (ug/dL)

Age Group Hypertensive Non-hypertensive

**Source:** Statistics Canada, *Health Reports*, 82-003-X, vol. 25, no. 7, July 2014
**Data Source:** Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007 to 2011).

Total 40 to 79 1.61 1.65

40 to 54 1.35 1.46

55 to 79 1.91 1.86

Male, 40 to 79 1.78 1.84

Female, 40 to 79 1.47 1.49

Model-adjusted geometric mean blood lead level, by hypertension status, age group and sex, household population aged 40 to 79, Canada, 2007 to 2011, blood lead level (ug/dL)
Age Group	Hypertensive	Non-hypertensive
Source: Statistics Canada, Health Reports, 82-003-X, vol. 25, no. 7, July 2014 Data Source: Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007 to 2011).
Total 40 to 79	1.61	1.65
40 to 54	1.35	1.46
55 to 79	1.91	1.86
Male, 40 to 79	1.78	1.84
Female, 40 to 79	1.47	1.49

Modest link between blood lead levels and blood pressure

Model-adjusted systolic blood pressure across blood lead levels, household population aged 40 to 79, Canada, 2007 to 2011 — Description for Chart 11

Model-adjusted systolic blood pressure across blood lead levels, household population aged 40 to 54, Canada, 2007 to 2011

Blood lead level (ug/dL) Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

**Source:** Statistics Canada, *Health Reports*, 82-003-X, vol. 25, no. 7, Jul 2014
**Data Source:** Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007 to 2011).

0.00 110.60

0.05 110.73

0.10 110.86

0.15 110.99

0.20 111.13

0.25 111.26

0.30 111.39

0.35 111.52

0.40 111.65

0.45 111.78

0.50 111.91

0.51 111.94

0.52 111.97

0.53 111.99

0.54 112.02

0.55 112.05

0.56 112.07

0.57 112.10

0.58 112.12

0.59 112.15

0.60 112.18

0.61 112.20

0.62 112.23

0.63 112.26

0.64 112.28

0.65 112.31

0.66 112.33

0.67 112.36

0.68 112.39

0.69 112.41

0.70 112.44

0.71 112.47

0.72 112.49

0.73 112.52

0.74 112.54

0.75 112.57

0.76 112.60

0.77 112.62

0.78 112.65

0.79 112.68

0.80 112.70

0.81 112.73

0.82 112.75

0.83 112.78

0.84 112.81

0.85 112.83

0.86 112.86

0.87 112.88

0.88 112.91

0.89 112.93

0.90 112.96

0.91 112.99

0.92 113.01

0.93 113.04

0.94 113.06

0.95 113.09

0.96 113.11

0.97 113.14

0.98 113.16

0.99 113.19

1.00 113.21

1.01 113.24

1.02 113.26

1.03 113.29

1.04 113.31

1.05 113.34

1.06 113.36

1.07 113.39

1.08 113.41

1.09 113.44

1.10 113.46

1.11 113.49

1.12 113.51

1.13 113.54

1.14 113.56

1.15 113.58

1.16 113.61

1.17 113.63

1.18 113.65

1.19 113.68

1.20 113.70

1.21 113.73

1.22 113.75

1.23 113.77

1.24 113.80

1.25 113.82

1.26 113.84

1.27 113.86

1.28 113.89

1.29 113.91

1.30 113.93

1.31 113.95

1.32 113.98

1.33 114.00

1.34 114.02

1.35 114.04

1.36 114.06

1.37 114.08

1.38 114.11

1.39 114.13

1.40 114.15

1.41 114.17

1.42 114.19

1.43 114.21

1.44 114.23

1.45 114.25

1.46 114.27

1.47 114.29

1.48 114.31

1.49 114.33

1.50 114.35

1.51 114.37

1.52 114.39

1.53 114.41

1.54 114.43

1.55 114.45

1.56 114.47

1.57 114.48

1.58 114.50

1.59 114.52

1.60 114.54

1.61 114.56

1.62 114.57

1.63 114.59

1.64 114.61

1.65 114.63

1.66 114.64

1.67 114.66

1.68 114.68

1.69 114.69

1.70 114.71

1.71 114.73

1.72 114.74

1.73 114.76

1.74 114.77

1.75 114.79

1.76 114.80

1.77 114.82

1.78 114.83

1.79 114.85

1.80 114.86

1.81 114.88

1.82 114.89

1.83 114.91

1.84 114.92

1.85 114.93

1.86 114.95

1.87 114.96

1.88 114.97

1.89 114.99

1.90 115.00

1.91 115.01

1.92 115.03

1.93 115.04

1.94 115.05

1.95 115.06

1.96 115.07

1.97 115.09

1.98 115.10

1.99 115.11

2.00 115.12

2.01 115.13

2.02 115.14

2.03 115.15

2.04 115.17

2.05 115.18

2.06 115.19

2.07 115.20

2.08 115.21

2.09 115.22

2.10 115.23

2.11 115.24

2.12 115.25

2.13 115.26

2.14 115.27

2.15 115.28

2.16 115.29

2.17 115.29

2.18 115.30

2.19 115.31

2.20 115.32

2.21 115.33

2.22 115.34

2.23 115.35

2.24 115.35

2.25 115.36

2.26 115.37

2.27 115.38

2.28 115.38

2.29 115.39

2.30 115.40

2.31 115.41

2.32 115.41

2.33 115.42

2.34 115.43

2.35 115.43

2.36 115.44

2.37 115.45

2.38 115.45

2.39 115.46

2.40 115.47

2.41 115.47

2.42 115.48

2.43 115.48

2.44 115.49

2.45 115.49

2.46 115.50

2.47 115.51

2.48 115.51

2.49 115.52

2.50 115.52

2.51 115.53

2.52 115.53

2.53 115.53

2.54 115.54

2.55 115.54

2.56 115.55

2.57 115.55

2.58 115.56

2.59 115.56

2.60 115.56

2.61 115.57

2.62 115.57

2.63 115.57

2.64 115.58

2.65 115.58

2.66 115.58

2.67 115.59

2.68 115.59

2.69 115.59

2.70 115.60

2.71 115.60

2.72 115.60

2.73 115.60

2.74 115.61

2.75 115.61

2.76 115.61

2.77 115.61

2.78 115.61

2.79 115.62

2.80 115.62

2.81 115.62

2.82 115.62

2.83 115.62

2.84 115.62

2.85 115.63

2.86 115.63

2.87 115.63

2.88 115.63

2.89 115.63

2.90 115.63

2.91 115.63

2.92 115.63

2.93 115.63

2.94 115.63

2.95 115.64

2.96 115.64

2.97 115.64

2.98 115.64

2.99 115.64

3.00 115.64

3.01 115.64

3.02 115.64

3.03 115.64

3.04 115.64

3.05 115.64

3.06 115.64

3.07 115.64

3.08 115.64

3.09 115.63

3.10 115.63

3.11 115.63

3.12 115.63

3.13 115.63

3.14 115.63

3.15 115.63

3.16 115.63

3.17 115.63

3.18 115.63

3.19 115.63

3.20 115.62

3.21 115.62

3.22 115.62

3.23 115.62

3.24 115.62

3.25 115.62

3.26 115.62

3.27 115.61

3.28 115.61

3.29 115.61

3.30 115.61

3.31 115.61

3.32 115.60

3.33 115.60

3.34 115.60

3.35 115.60

3.36 115.60

3.37 115.59

3.38 115.59

3.39 115.59

3.40 115.59

3.41 115.58

3.42 115.58

3.43 115.58

3.44 115.58

3.45 115.57

3.46 115.57

3.47 115.57

3.48 115.56

3.49 115.56

3.50 115.56

3.51 115.56

3.52 115.55

3.53 115.55

3.54 115.55

3.55 115.54

3.56 115.54

3.57 115.54

3.58 115.53

3.59 115.53

3.60 115.53

3.61 115.52

3.62 115.52

3.63 115.52

3.64 115.51

3.65 115.51

3.66 115.51

3.67 115.50

3.68 115.50

3.69 115.50

3.70 115.49

3.71 115.49

3.72 115.49

3.73 115.48

3.74 115.48

3.75 115.48

3.76 115.47

3.77 115.47

3.78 115.46

3.79 115.46

3.80 115.46

3.81 115.45

3.82 115.45

3.83 115.44

3.84 115.44

3.85 115.44

3.86 115.43

3.87 115.43

3.88 115.42

3.89 115.42

3.90 115.42

3.91 115.41

3.92 115.41

3.93 115.40

3.94 115.40

3.95 115.40

3.96 115.39

3.97 115.39

3.98 115.38

3.99 115.38

4.00 115.38

4.01 115.37

4.02 115.37

4.03 115.36

4.04 115.36

4.05 115.35

4.06 115.35

4.07 115.35

4.08 115.34

4.09 115.34

4.10 115.33

4.11 115.33

4.12 115.33

4.13 115.32

4.14 115.32

4.15 115.31

4.16 115.31

4.17 115.30

4.18 115.30

4.19 115.30

4.20 115.29

4.21 115.29

4.22 115.28

4.23 115.28

4.24 115.28

4.25 115.27

4.26 115.27

4.27 115.26

4.28 115.26

4.29 115.25

4.30 115.25

4.31 115.25

4.32 115.24

4.33 115.24

4.34 115.23

4.35 115.23

4.36 115.23

4.37 115.22

4.38 115.22

4.39 115.21

4.40 115.21

4.41 115.20

4.42 115.20

4.43 115.20

4.44 115.19

4.45 115.19

4.46 115.18

4.47 115.18

4.48 115.18

4.49 115.17

4.50 115.17

4.51 115.16

4.52 115.16

4.53 115.15

4.54 115.15

4.55 115.15

4.56 115.14

4.57 115.14

4.58 115.13

4.59 115.13

4.60 115.13

4.61 115.12

4.62 115.12

4.63 115.11

4.64 115.11

4.65 115.10

4.66 115.10

4.67 115.10

4.68 115.09

4.69 115.09

4.70 115.08

4.71 115.08

4.72 115.07

4.73 115.07

4.74 115.07

4.75 115.06

4.76 115.06

4.77 115.05

4.78 115.05

4.79 115.05

4.80 115.04

4.81 115.04

4.82 115.03

4.83 115.03

4.84 115.02

4.85 115.02

4.86 115.02

4.87 115.01

4.88 115.01

4.89 115.00

4.90 115.00

4.91 115.00

4.92 114.99

4.93 114.99

4.94 114.98

4.95 114.98

4.96 114.97

4.97 114.97

4.98 114.97

4.99 114.96

5.00 114.96

5.01 114.95

5.02 114.95

5.03 114.95

5.04 114.94

5.05 114.94

5.06 114.93

5.07 114.93

5.08 114.92

5.09 114.92

5.10 114.92

5.11 114.91

5.12 114.91

5.13 114.90

5.14 114.90

5.15 114.90

5.16 114.89

5.17 114.89

5.18 114.88

5.19 114.88

5.20 114.87

5.21 114.87

5.22 114.87

5.23 114.86

5.24 114.86

5.25 114.85

5.26 114.85

5.27 114.85

5.28 114.84

5.29 114.84

5.30 114.83

5.31 114.83

5.32 114.82

5.33 114.82

5.34 114.82

5.35 114.81

5.36 114.81

5.37 114.80

5.38 114.80

5.39 114.79

5.40 114.79

5.41 114.79

5.42 114.78

5.43 114.78

5.44 114.77

5.45 114.77

5.46 114.77

5.47 114.76

5.48 114.76

5.49 114.75

5.50 114.75

5.51 114.74

5.52 114.74

5.53 114.74

5.54 114.73

5.55 114.73

5.56 114.72

5.57 114.72

5.58 114.72

5.59 114.71

5.60 114.71

5.61 114.70

5.62 114.70

5.63 114.69

5.64 114.69

5.65 114.69

5.66 114.68

5.67 114.68

5.68 114.67

5.69 114.67

5.70 114.67

5.71 114.66

5.72 114.66

5.73 114.65

5.74 114.65

5.75 114.64

5.76 114.64

5.77 114.64

5.78 114.63

5.79 114.63

5.80 114.62

5.81 114.62

5.82 114.62

5.83 114.61

5.84 114.61

5.85 114.60

5.86 114.60

5.87 114.59

5.88 114.59

5.89 114.59

5.90 114.58

5.91 114.58

5.92 114.57

5.93 114.57

5.94 114.57

5.95 114.56

5.96 114.56

5.97 114.55

5.98 114.55

5.99 114.54

6.00 114.54

6.01 114.54

6.02 114.53

6.03 114.53

6.04 114.52

6.05 114.52

6.06 114.51

6.07 114.51

6.08 114.51

6.09 114.50

6.10 114.50

6.11 114.49

6.12 114.49

6.13 114.49

6.14 114.48

Model-adjusted systolic blood pressure across blood lead levels, household population aged 40 to 54, Canada, 2007 to 2011
Blood lead level (ug/dL)	Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)
Source: Statistics Canada, Health Reports, 82-003-X, vol. 25, no. 7, Jul 2014 Data Source: Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007 to 2011).
0.00	110.60
0.05	110.73
0.10	110.86
0.15	110.99
0.20	111.13
0.25	111.26
0.30	111.39
0.35	111.52
0.40	111.65
0.45	111.78
0.50	111.91
0.51	111.94
0.52	111.97
0.53	111.99
0.54	112.02
0.55	112.05
0.56	112.07
0.57	112.10
0.58	112.12
0.59	112.15
0.60	112.18
0.61	112.20
0.62	112.23
0.63	112.26
0.64	112.28
0.65	112.31
0.66	112.33
0.67	112.36
0.68	112.39
0.69	112.41
0.70	112.44
0.71	112.47
0.72	112.49
0.73	112.52
0.74	112.54
0.75	112.57
0.76	112.60
0.77	112.62
0.78	112.65
0.79	112.68
0.80	112.70
0.81	112.73
0.82	112.75
0.83	112.78
0.84	112.81
0.85	112.83
0.86	112.86
0.87	112.88
0.88	112.91
0.89	112.93
0.90	112.96
0.91	112.99
0.92	113.01
0.93	113.04
0.94	113.06
0.95	113.09
0.96	113.11
0.97	113.14
0.98	113.16
0.99	113.19
1.00	113.21
1.01	113.24
1.02	113.26
1.03	113.29
1.04	113.31
1.05	113.34
1.06	113.36
1.07	113.39
1.08	113.41
1.09	113.44
1.10	113.46
1.11	113.49
1.12	113.51
1.13	113.54
1.14	113.56
1.15	113.58
1.16	113.61
1.17	113.63
1.18	113.65
1.19	113.68
1.20	113.70
1.21	113.73
1.22	113.75
1.23	113.77
1.24	113.80
1.25	113.82
1.26	113.84
1.27	113.86
1.28	113.89
1.29	113.91
1.30	113.93
1.31	113.95
1.32	113.98
1.33	114.00
1.34	114.02
1.35	114.04
1.36	114.06
1.37	114.08
1.38	114.11
1.39	114.13
1.40	114.15
1.41	114.17
1.42	114.19
1.43	114.21
1.44	114.23
1.45	114.25
1.46	114.27
1.47	114.29
1.48	114.31
1.49	114.33
1.50	114.35
1.51	114.37
1.52	114.39
1.53	114.41
1.54	114.43
1.55	114.45
1.56	114.47
1.57	114.48
1.58	114.50
1.59	114.52
1.60	114.54
1.61	114.56
1.62	114.57
1.63	114.59
1.64	114.61
1.65	114.63
1.66	114.64
1.67	114.66
1.68	114.68
1.69	114.69
1.70	114.71
1.71	114.73
1.72	114.74
1.73	114.76
1.74	114.77
1.75	114.79
1.76	114.80
1.77	114.82
1.78	114.83
1.79	114.85
1.80	114.86
1.81	114.88
1.82	114.89
1.83	114.91
1.84	114.92
1.85	114.93
1.86	114.95
1.87	114.96
1.88	114.97
1.89	114.99
1.90	115.00
1.91	115.01
1.92	115.03
1.93	115.04
1.94	115.05
1.95	115.06
1.96	115.07
1.97	115.09
1.98	115.10
1.99	115.11
2.00	115.12
2.01	115.13
2.02	115.14
2.03	115.15
2.04	115.17
2.05	115.18
2.06	115.19
2.07	115.20
2.08	115.21
2.09	115.22
2.10	115.23
2.11	115.24
2.12	115.25
2.13	115.26
2.14	115.27
2.15	115.28
2.16	115.29
2.17	115.29
2.18	115.30
2.19	115.31
2.20	115.32
2.21	115.33
2.22	115.34
2.23	115.35
2.24	115.35
2.25	115.36
2.26	115.37
2.27	115.38
2.28	115.38
2.29	115.39
2.30	115.40
2.31	115.41
2.32	115.41
2.33	115.42
2.34	115.43
2.35	115.43
2.36	115.44
2.37	115.45
2.38	115.45
2.39	115.46
2.40	115.47
2.41	115.47
2.42	115.48
2.43	115.48
2.44	115.49
2.45	115.49
2.46	115.50
2.47	115.51
2.48	115.51
2.49	115.52
2.50	115.52
2.51	115.53
2.52	115.53
2.53	115.53
2.54	115.54
2.55	115.54
2.56	115.55
2.57	115.55
2.58	115.56
2.59	115.56
2.60	115.56
2.61	115.57
2.62	115.57
2.63	115.57
2.64	115.58
2.65	115.58
2.66	115.58
2.67	115.59
2.68	115.59
2.69	115.59
2.70	115.60
2.71	115.60
2.72	115.60
2.73	115.60
2.74	115.61
2.75	115.61
2.76	115.61
2.77	115.61
2.78	115.61
2.79	115.62
2.80	115.62
2.81	115.62
2.82	115.62
2.83	115.62
2.84	115.62
2.85	115.63
2.86	115.63
2.87	115.63
2.88	115.63
2.89	115.63
2.90	115.63
2.91	115.63
2.92	115.63
2.93	115.63
2.94	115.63
2.95	115.64
2.96	115.64
2.97	115.64
2.98	115.64
2.99	115.64
3.00	115.64
3.01	115.64
3.02	115.64
3.03	115.64
3.04	115.64
3.05	115.64
3.06	115.64
3.07	115.64
3.08	115.64
3.09	115.63
3.10	115.63
3.11	115.63
3.12	115.63
3.13	115.63
3.14	115.63
3.15	115.63
3.16	115.63
3.17	115.63
3.18	115.63
3.19	115.63
3.20	115.62
3.21	115.62
3.22	115.62
3.23	115.62
3.24	115.62
3.25	115.62
3.26	115.62
3.27	115.61
3.28	115.61
3.29	115.61
3.30	115.61
3.31	115.61
3.32	115.60
3.33	115.60
3.34	115.60
3.35	115.60
3.36	115.60
3.37	115.59
3.38	115.59
3.39	115.59
3.40	115.59
3.41	115.58
3.42	115.58
3.43	115.58
3.44	115.58
3.45	115.57
3.46	115.57
3.47	115.57
3.48	115.56
3.49	115.56
3.50	115.56
3.51	115.56
3.52	115.55
3.53	115.55
3.54	115.55
3.55	115.54
3.56	115.54
3.57	115.54
3.58	115.53
3.59	115.53
3.60	115.53
3.61	115.52
3.62	115.52
3.63	115.52
3.64	115.51
3.65	115.51
3.66	115.51
3.67	115.50
3.68	115.50
3.69	115.50
3.70	115.49
3.71	115.49
3.72	115.49
3.73	115.48
3.74	115.48
3.75	115.48
3.76	115.47
3.77	115.47
3.78	115.46
3.79	115.46
3.80	115.46
3.81	115.45
3.82	115.45
3.83	115.44
3.84	115.44
3.85	115.44
3.86	115.43
3.87	115.43
3.88	115.42
3.89	115.42
3.90	115.42
3.91	115.41
3.92	115.41
3.93	115.40
3.94	115.40
3.95	115.40
3.96	115.39
3.97	115.39
3.98	115.38
3.99	115.38
4.00	115.38
4.01	115.37
4.02	115.37
4.03	115.36
4.04	115.36
4.05	115.35
4.06	115.35
4.07	115.35
4.08	115.34
4.09	115.34
4.10	115.33
4.11	115.33
4.12	115.33
4.13	115.32
4.14	115.32
4.15	115.31
4.16	115.31
4.17	115.30
4.18	115.30
4.19	115.30
4.20	115.29
4.21	115.29
4.22	115.28
4.23	115.28
4.24	115.28
4.25	115.27
4.26	115.27
4.27	115.26
4.28	115.26
4.29	115.25
4.30	115.25
4.31	115.25
4.32	115.24
4.33	115.24
4.34	115.23
4.35	115.23
4.36	115.23
4.37	115.22
4.38	115.22
4.39	115.21
4.40	115.21
4.41	115.20
4.42	115.20
4.43	115.20
4.44	115.19
4.45	115.19
4.46	115.18
4.47	115.18
4.48	115.18
4.49	115.17
4.50	115.17
4.51	115.16
4.52	115.16
4.53	115.15
4.54	115.15
4.55	115.15
4.56	115.14
4.57	115.14
4.58	115.13
4.59	115.13
4.60	115.13
4.61	115.12
4.62	115.12
4.63	115.11
4.64	115.11
4.65	115.10
4.66	115.10
4.67	115.10
4.68	115.09
4.69	115.09
4.70	115.08
4.71	115.08
4.72	115.07
4.73	115.07
4.74	115.07
4.75	115.06
4.76	115.06
4.77	115.05
4.78	115.05
4.79	115.05
4.80	115.04
4.81	115.04
4.82	115.03
4.83	115.03
4.84	115.02
4.85	115.02
4.86	115.02
4.87	115.01
4.88	115.01
4.89	115.00
4.90	115.00
4.91	115.00
4.92	114.99
4.93	114.99
4.94	114.98
4.95	114.98
4.96	114.97
4.97	114.97
4.98	114.97
4.99	114.96
5.00	114.96
5.01	114.95
5.02	114.95
5.03	114.95
5.04	114.94
5.05	114.94
5.06	114.93
5.07	114.93
5.08	114.92
5.09	114.92
5.10	114.92
5.11	114.91
5.12	114.91
5.13	114.90
5.14	114.90
5.15	114.90
5.16	114.89
5.17	114.89
5.18	114.88
5.19	114.88
5.20	114.87
5.21	114.87
5.22	114.87
5.23	114.86
5.24	114.86
5.25	114.85
5.26	114.85
5.27	114.85
5.28	114.84
5.29	114.84
5.30	114.83
5.31	114.83
5.32	114.82
5.33	114.82
5.34	114.82
5.35	114.81
5.36	114.81
5.37	114.80
5.38	114.80

Treatment

Evidence of underuse of statin treatment among those at high risk of cardiovascular disease

Description for Chart 12

Number of Canadians by actual and recommended statin use, by cardiovascular risk group, 20 to 79 years of age, Canada, 2007 to 2011

Risk Current statin treatment in Canada, Canadian Health Measures Survey, 2007 to 2011 Guideline recommended statin treatment, Canadian Cardiovascular Society, 2012

**Source:** Statistics Canada, *Health Reports*, 82-003-X, vol. 27, no. 1, January 2016
**Data Source:** Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007 to 2011).

High risk 2,101,876 4,729,580

Intermediate risk 323,594 1,467,193

Low risk 360,007 321,426

Number of Canadians by actual and recommended statin use, by cardiovascular risk group, 20 to 79 years of age, Canada, 2007 to 2011
Risk	Current statin treatment in Canada, Canadian Health Measures Survey, 2007 to 2011	Guideline recommended statin treatment, Canadian Cardiovascular Society, 2012
Source: Statistics Canada, Health Reports, 82-003-X, vol. 27, no. 1, January 2016 Data Source: Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007 to 2011).
High risk	2,101,876	4,729,580
Intermediate risk	323,594	1,467,193
Low risk	360,007	321,426

Health care use

Immigrant seniors less likely to be hospitalized for circulatory disease

Description for Chart 13

Proportion of seniors hospitalized at least once for circulatory disease, by immigrant status and source country, 65 years of age and over, Ontario, 2006 to 2009

Proportion of seniors (%)

**Source:** Statistics Canada, *Health Reports*, 82-003-X, vol. 25, no. 10, October 2014
**Data Source:** Linked census–hospital discharge database, Ontario (2006 to 2009).

Canadian Born 6.4

Immigrants 5.3

Source Country

Europe 5.9

East Asia 2.0

South Asia 5.5

Other 4.5

Proportion of seniors hospitalized at least once for circulatory disease, by immigrant status and source country, 65 years of age and over, Ontario, 2006 to 2009
	Proportion of seniors (%)
Source: Statistics Canada, Health Reports, 82-003-X, vol. 25, no. 10, October 2014 Data Source: Linked census–hospital discharge database, Ontario (2006 to 2009).
Canadian Born	6.4
Immigrants	5.3
Source Country
Europe	5.9
East Asia	2.0
South Asia	5.5
Other	4.5

Social isolation

Social isolation varies among older adults

Description for Chart 14

Proportion of socially isolated adults (three-year moving average), by age and sex, household population aged 45 and over, Canada (excluding territories), 2008/2009

Age (years) Men Women

**Data Source:** Canadian Community Health Survey (2008/2009)—Healthy Aging

45 ... ...

46 ... ...

47 14.58 16.24

48 13.00 15.49

49 13.22 17.31

50 14.36 18.41

51 13.01 21.37

52 14.46 20.89

53 15.86 20.37

54 14.84 16.39

55 16.11 17.05

56 13.76 16.22

57 15.74 18.23

58 14.71 15.93

59 13.87 15.51

60 12.82 14.08

61 10.52 13.89

62 10.55 14.38

63 9.93 15.22

64 10.45 13.76

65 10.50 12.98

66 9.55 12.48

67 9.07 13.48

68 9.12 13.20

69 9.19 13.28

70 8.61 13.50

71 9.44 15.03

72 9.76 13.48

73 10.39 13.40

74 10.55 13.64

75 12.74 13.65

76 10.56 13.67

77 8.25 13.22

78 6.63 14.90

79 8.66 15.91

80 9.14 17.77

81 8.66 16.96

82 7.74 17.13

83 9.46 15.76

84 11.77 17.37

85 12.81 16.19

86 12.10 15.56

87 11.90 14.91

88 14.00 15.54

89 16.05 15.81

90 13.80 16.43

91 12.65 17.64

92 14.17 21.41

93 13.04 17.50

94 12.22 15.50

95 10.58 15.66

98 13.63 17.00

Proportion of socially isolated adults (three-year moving average), by age and sex, household population aged 45 and over, Canada (excluding territories), 2008/2009
Age (years)	Men	Women
Data Source: Canadian Community Health Survey (2008/2009)—Healthy Aging
45	...	...
46	...	...
47	14.58	16.24
48	13.00	15.49
49	13.22	17.31
50	14.36	18.41
51	13.01	21.37
52	14.46	20.89
53	15.86	20.37
54	14.84	16.39
55	16.11	17.05
56	13.76	16.22
57	15.74	18.23
58	14.71	15.93
59	13.87	15.51
60	12.82	14.08
61	10.52	13.89
62	10.55	14.38
63	9.93	15.22
64	10.45	13.76
65	10.50	12.98
66	9.55	12.48
67	9.07	13.48
68	9.12	13.20
69	9.19	13.28
70	8.61	13.50
71	9.44	15.03
72	9.76	13.48
73	10.39	13.40
74	10.55	13.64
75	12.74	13.65
76	10.56	13.67
77	8.25	13.22
78	6.63	14.90
79	8.66	15.91
80	9.14	17.77
81	8.66	16.96
82	7.74	17.13
83	9.46	15.76
84	11.77	17.37
85	12.81	16.19
86	12.10	15.56
87	11.90	14.91
88	14.00	15.54
89	16.05	15.81
90	13.80	16.43
91	12.65	17.64
92	14.17	21.41
93	13.04	17.50
94	12.22	15.50
95	10.58	15.66
98	13.63	17.00

Range of factors associated with social isolation

Factors associated with social isolation
- Hearing difficulty: OR=1.4 (men); OR=1.5 (women)
- Pain: OR=1.5 (women only)
- Emotion: OR=4.3 (men); OR=4.4 (women)
- Cognition: OR=2.5 (men); OR=1.9 (women)
- Fear of falling: OR=1.5 (men); OR=1.4 (women)

OR = odds ratio

Data Source: Canadian Community Health Survey (2008/2009)—Healthy Aging

Hearing loss

Hearing loss associated with speech frequency more prevalent among older Canadians

Hearing loss, by age group and frequency, household population aged 20 to 79, Canada, 2012/2013, proportion with hearing loss (%)
Age Group	Four-frequency PTA hearing loss	Low frequency PTA hearing loss	High frequency PTA hearing loss
PTA = pure tone average Source: Statistics Canada, Health Reports, 82-003-X, vol. 26, no. 7, July 2015 Data Source: Canadian Health Measures Survey. (2012/2013)
20 to 39	7.1	7.7	8.0
40 to 49	10.1	9.9	21.8
50 to 59	19.9	12.2	49.1
60 to 69	38.3	29.5	74.1
70 to 79	65.0	49.5	93.8

Fear of falling

One in three seniors is concerned or worried about falling

Description for Chart 16

Percentage of seniors who perceive a risk of falling, by age and sex, household population aged 65 and over, Canada, 2008/2009, percent

Age Group Men Women

**Source:** Statistics Canada, *Health at a Glance*, 82-624-X, October 2014
**Data Source:** Canadian Community Health Survey (2008/2009)—Healthy Aging

65 to 69 18 33

70 to 74 21 41

75 to 79 25 45

80 to 84 33 47

85 and over 35 51

Percentage of seniors who perceive a risk of falling, by age and sex, household population aged 65 and over, Canada, 2008/2009, percent
Age Group	Men	Women
Source: Statistics Canada, Health at a Glance, 82-624-X, October 2014 Data Source: Canadian Community Health Survey (2008/2009)—Healthy Aging
65 to 69	18	33
70 to 74	21	41
75 to 79	25	45
80 to 84	33	47
85 and over	35	51

Home care

Chronic conditions associated with higher use of home-care services and need for formal-care providers

Proportion of individuals aged 75 and over receiving home care, by type of service, provider and number of chronic conditions, Canada, 2008/2009
Type of provider	Personal and medical care	Other care (e.g., housework, meal preparation)
Data Source: Canadian Community Health Survey (2008/2009)—Healthy Aging.
Formal	1.80%	4.77%	5.61%	8.95%	3.37%	4.83%	5.46%	7.63%
Informal	3.33%	3.55%	4.73%	8.80%	10.83%	17.22%	20.75%	28.33%
Mixed	1.51%	1.59%	3.17%	7.37%	3.75%	5.32%	7.64%	14.10%

Caregivers

One in four caregivers reports providing care related to aging

Proportion of caregivers providing care, by reason, Canada, 2012
Health conditions or problems	Percentage distribution among all health conditions or problems
Source: Statistics Canada, Spotlight on Canadians, 89-652-X, September 2013 Data Source: General Social Survey. (2012)
Aging	27.8
Cancer	11.2
Cardiovascular disease	9.3
Mental illness	6.8
Alzheimer's disease or dementia	5.9
Neurological diseases	5.3
Injury from an accident	4.1
Athritis	3.8
Diabetes	3.0
Back problems	2.6
Developmental disability or disorder	2.3
Respiratory problems	2.3
Mobility or physical disability	2.2
Other health problem	12.2

Higher levels of stress and poor health associated with increased hours of care provided

Description for Chart 19

Proportion of caregivers reporting feelings of stress and poor health related to caregiving duties, Canada, 2012.

Number of hours per week Feelings of stress related to caregiving duties Feelings that their own health suffered because of caregiving duties

**Source:** Statistics Canada, *Spotlight on Canadians*, 89-652-X, September 2013
**Data Source:** General Social Survey. (2012)

2 to 4 17% 10%

5 to 9 27% 17%

10 to 14 32% 23%

15 to 19 39% 31%

20 or more 50% 37%

Proportion of caregivers reporting feelings of stress and poor health related to caregiving duties, Canada, 2012.
Number of hours per week	Feelings of stress related to caregiving duties	Feelings that their own health suffered because of caregiving duties
Source: Statistics Canada, Spotlight on Canadians, 89-652-X, September 2013 Data Source: General Social Survey. (2012)
2 to 4	17%	10%
5 to 9	27%	17%
10 to 14	32%	23%
15 to 19	39%	31%
20 or more	50%	37%

Neurological disease

Dementia

An estimated 227,500 Canadians aged 45 and over reported a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease or other dementia

Number of Canadians with Alzheimer's disease or other dementia in private households (2010/2011) and long-term health-care institutions (2011/2012), by age group and sex, population aged 45 and over, Canada (excluding territories), number of Canadians (in thousands)
Age Group	Men	Women
^E interpret with caution Source: Statistics Canada, forthcoming, Data Sources: Canadian Community Health Survey neurological conditions prevalence files (private households) (2010/2011) ; Survey of Neurological Conditions in Institutions in Canada (institutions). (2011/2012)
Household (0.8%)
45 to 64	7.127	6.103^E
65 to 79	20.842	16.059
80 and over	23.537	35.835
Institutions (45%)
45 to 64	1.643	1.502
65 to 79	8.527	12.248
80 and over	23.237	70.757

Parkinson's

An estimated 65,700 Canadians aged 45 and over reported a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease

Number of Canadians with Parkinson's disease in private households (2010/2011) and long-term health-care institutions (2011/2012), by age group and sex, population aged 45 and over, Canada (excluding territories), number ('000)
Age Group	Men	Women
^E interpret with caution Source: Statistics Canada, Health Reports, 82-003-X, vol. 25, no. 11, November 2014, Data sources: Canadian Community Health Survey neurological conditions prevalence files (private households) (2010/2011); Survey of Neurological Conditions in Institutions in Canada (institutions). (2011/2012)
Households (0.4%)
45 to 64	6.44	3.18^E
65 to 79	18.12	9.71^E
80 and over	9.32^E	6.42^E
Institutions (2.9%)
45 to 64	0.27	0.17
65 to 79	2.00	1.63
80 and over	3.44	5.00

Projections

Expect increases in the prevalence of both Parkinson's and Alzheimer's (aging population)

Description for Chart 22

Projected prevalent cases (person years) and prevalence rates for Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, Canadian population, 2011 to 2031

Year Prevalent cases (person years) Prevalence rate (age 65 years and over)

**Source:** *Mapping Connections*, Public Health Agency of Canada, September 2014
**Data Source:** Statistics Canada population health model (neurological)*.
*Demographic changes as projected by Demography Division.
Age/sex specific incidence rates and relative mortality rate ratios constant over time.

Parkinson's disease

2011 84,690 1.03

2016 99,022 1.03

2021 116,822 1.06

2026 138,760 1.14

2031 163,704 1.28

Alzheimer's disease

2011 340,170 4.56

2016 394,996 4.52

2021 461,651 4.55

2026 554,189 4.91

2031 673,991 5.62

Projected prevalent cases (person years) and prevalence rates for Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, Canadian population, 2011 to 2031
Year	Prevalent cases (person years)	Prevalence rate (age 65 years and over)
Source: Mapping Connections, Public Health Agency of Canada, September 2014 Data Source: Statistics Canada population health model (neurological). Demographic changes as projected by Demography Division. Age/sex specific incidence rates and relative mortality rate ratios constant over time.
Parkinson's disease
2011	84,690	1.03
2016	99,022	1.03
2021	116,822	1.06
2026	138,760	1.14
2031	163,704	1.28
Alzheimer's disease
2011	340,170	4.56
2016	394,996	4.52
2021	461,651	4.55
2026	554,189	4.91
2031	673,991	5.62

Costs

Cost of health-care services higher among those with Alzheimer's, especially long-term care costs

Average per capita health-care costs for those with and without Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, by age group, 2010, Thousand $
Age group	Physician services	Hospitalization	Pharmaceuticals	Rehabilitation	Long term care	Homecare
Data Source: Statistics Canada population health model (neurological). Demographic changes as projected by Demography Division. Age/sex specific incidence rates and relative mortality rate ratios constant over time. Per capita cost constant over time.
No neurological
40-44	0.47	0.42	0.37	0.00	0.00	0.02
45-49	0.54	0.51	0.47	0.01	0.00	0.04
50-54	0.64	0.68	0.59	0.01	0.01	0.06
55-59	0.75	0.88	0.75	0.02	0.01	0.08
60-64	0.90	1.20	0.92	0.03	0.02	0.12
65-69	1.10	1.63	1.12	0.05	0.04	0.16
70-74	1.28	2.11	1.35	0.07	0.09	0.24
75-79	1.44	2.68	1.52	0.11	0.17	0.38
80-84	1.50	3.24	1.60	0.16	0.40	0.59
85+	1.36	3.72	1.42	0.21	1.41	1.01
Alzheimer's disease and other dementias
40-44	2.45	12.73	3.52	0.00	7.63	0.73
45-49	2.55	11.49	3.29	0.02	6.92	0.85
50-54	1.94	8.20	2.71	0.08	7.28	1.25
55-59	2.08	9.14	3.20	0.11	9.21	1.09
60-64	2.16	8.46	2.82	0.20	9.23	1.32
65-69	2.24	9.11	3.19	0.22	8.26	1.45
70-74	2.20	8.07	3.20	0.30	8.37	1.58
75-79	2.17	7.68	3.18	0.29	9.39	1.69
80-84	2.16	7.50	3.11	0.26	11.38	1.85
85+	2.09	6.81	2.69	0.25	15.93	1.78

Additional cost of health-care services used by patients with Alzheimer's is projected to reach about $13.3 billion by 2031

Description for Chart 24

Total health sector costs for individuals with Alzheimer's disease, Canada, 2011 and 2031, dollars in billions

Year People with Alzheimer's disease, base cost People with Alzheimer's disease, additional cost

**Data Source:** Statistics Canada population health model (neurological)*.
*Demographic changes as projected by Demography Division.
Age/sex specific incidence rates and relative mortality rate ratios constant over time.
Per capita cost constant over time.

2011 2.4 6.7

2031 5.0 13.3

Total health sector costs for individuals with Alzheimer's disease, Canada, 2011 and 2031, dollars in billions
Year	People with Alzheimer's disease, base cost	People with Alzheimer's disease, additional cost
Data Source: Statistics Canada population health model (neurological). Demographic changes as projected by Demography Division. Age/sex specific incidence rates and relative mortality rate ratios constant over time. Per capita cost constant over time.
2011	2.4	6.7
2031	5.0	13.3

Transitions to institutions

Understanding factors associated with transitions to institutions will inform future projections

Description for Chart 25

Proportion of surviving 2007/2008 Canadian Community Health Survey (Cycle 3.1) respondents living in nursing homes or residences for senior citizens in 2011 Census, Proportion of seniors (%)

Alzheimer's Lost partner, CCHS to Census Gained partner, CCHS to Census Received home care Immigrant

No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes

**Source:** Statistics Canada, linked 2007/2008 Canadian Community Health Survey (Cycle 3.1) and 2011 Census.

Nursing home 9.35 52.16 4.1 11.67 13.46 17.78 8.87 14.45 10.92 7.79

Residence for senior citizens 8.4 16.45 4.75 11.94 10.16 0.01 7.92 10.77 10.09 4.14

Proportion of surviving 2007/2008 Canadian Community Health Survey (Cycle 3.1) respondents living in nursing homes or residences for senior citizens in 2011 Census, Proportion of seniors (%)
	Alzheimer's	Lost partner, CCHS to Census	Gained partner, CCHS to Census	Received home care	Immigrant
Source: Statistics Canada, linked 2007/2008 Canadian Community Health Survey (Cycle 3.1) and 2011 Census.
Nursing home	9.35	52.16	4.1	11.67	13.46	17.78	8.87	14.45	10.92	7.79
Residence for senior citizens	8.4	16.45	4.75	11.94	10.16	0.01	7.92	10.77	10.09	4.14

Date modified:: 2021-03-04