Report on the Demographic Situation in Canada
Internal Migration: Overview, 2015/2016

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Highlights

• In 2015/2016, British Columbia and Ontario were the principal beneficiaries of net interprovincial migration among the provinces in Canada.
• Three of the four Atlantic provinces posted gains through interprovincial migration in 2015/2016, New Brunswick was the lone exception. This was the first annual period since 2009/2010 that more than one Atlantic province added persons through interprovincial migration.
• Alberta and Quebec had the largest interprovincial migratory losses in absolute terms, while Saskatchewan and Manitoba had the lowest interprovincial migratory rates among the provinces. Alberta also had the largest fluctuation of interprovincial migration from one annual period to the next since the early 1980s.
• The largest migratory flows in Canada were from Alberta to British Columbia and Ontario.
• The country’s three largest census divisions (CDs) – Toronto, Greater Vancouver and Montréal – all recorded losses through intraprovincial migration.
• The greatest net flows between CDs all originated from one of the three largest CDs (or in Toronto’s case, its directly neighbouring CDs) to the surrounding more suburban CDs.
• Led by the Simcoe (Ontario) and Capital (British Columbia) CDs, the 10 largest internal migration growths in absolute numbers among CDs were all in Ontario and British Columbia. The 10 largest declines were observed in multiple provinces, particularly Alberta.

Key statistics

• Number of interprovincial migrants in Canada:
  2014/2015: 283,809 migrants
  2015/2016: 277,029 migrants
• Interprovincial migration rates in Canada:
  2014/2015: 8.0 per thousand
  2015/2016: 7.7 per thousand
• Provinces with the highest net interprovincial migration rates (2015/2016):
  1 – British Columbia (+5.6 per thousand)
  2 – Nova Scotia (+0.8 per thousand)
  3 – Ontario (+0.7 per thousand)

• Provinces with the lowest net interprovincial migration rates (2015/2016):
  1 – Saskatchewan (-3.7 per thousand)
  2 – Manitoba (-3.7 per thousand)
  3 – Alberta (-3.6 per thousand)
• Census divisions with the highest net internal migration rates (2015/2016):
  1 – Mirabel, Quebec (+21.4 per thousand)
  2 – Central Okanagan, British Columbia (+20.3 per thousand)
  3 – Okanagan-Similkameen, British Columbia (+19.4 per thousand)
• Census divisions with the lowest net internal migration rates (2015/2016):
  1 – Division No. 16 (Wood Buffalo), Alberta (-64.0 per thousand)
  2 – Northern Rockies, British Columbia (-46.2 per thousand)
  3 – Stikine, British Columbia (-45.6 per thousand)

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This article presents the most recent internal migration trends in Canada from 2015/2016 (July 1 to June 30). Internal migration represents all movements of people within Canada’s geographical boundaries, involving a change in usual place of residence. It denotes movements of people from one province or territory to another (interprovincial migration) or from one region to another within the same province or territory (intraprovincial migration).

The analysis will cover a variety of migration indicators for the 2015/2016 annual period, divided into five sections: interprovincial migration, net interprovincial migration, interprovincial flows of in-migrants and out-migrants, age structures of interprovincial migrants, and internal migration between census divisions. A short section also gives an overview of preliminary data for 2016/2017.

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Data source

The interprovincial migration estimates used for this article are from Statistics Canada’s Demographic Estimates Program (DEP). Since no mechanism exists to record interprovincial migratory movement in Canada, Statistics Canada produces these estimates using the T1 Family file (T1FF), an administrative data file composed of the individual T1 and T4 tax files, and the Canada child benefit file (CCB) (formerly Canada Child Tax Benefit (CCTB)) received from the Canada Revenue Agency. These data are used to estimate migrants by comparing the addresses over two consecutive tax years. Additional information on the methodology is available in the publication Population and Family Estimation Methods at Statistics Canada, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 91-528-X.

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Interprovincial migration

Interprovincial migration represents movements of people from one province or territory to another. In 2015/2016, the number of interprovincial migrants in Canada was 277,029, down from 283,809 in 2014/2015. Over the same period, the national interprovincial migration rate was down to 7.7 per thousand, from 8.0 per thousand (Figure 1).

Data table for Figure 1

Data table for Figure 1
Number and rate of interprovincial migrants, Canada, 1971/1972 to 2015/2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Number and rate of interprovincial migrants. The information is grouped by Period (appearing as row headers), Number and Rate (per 1,000 population) (appearing as column headers).

Period	Number	Rate (per 1,000 population)
1971/1972	395,432	17.9
1972/1973	396,138	17.7
1973/1974	437,549	19.3
1974/1975	411,709	17.9
1975/1976	375,351	16.1
1976/1977	357,389	15.2
1977/1978	364,421	15.3
1978/1979	358,805	14.9
1979/1980	371,388	15.2
1980/1981	382,932	15.5
1981/1982	357,919	14.3
1982/1983	305,486	12.1
1983/1984	279,372	11.0
1984/1985	270,565	10.5
1985/1986	287,260	11.1
1986/1987	302,602	11.5
1987/1988	322,375	12.1
1988/1989	327,700	12.1
1989/1990	356,807	13.0
1990/1991	316,567	11.4
1991/1992	316,659	11.2
1992/1993	303,294	10.6
1993/1994	289,391	10.0
1994/1995	285,464	9.8
1995/1996	291,764	9.9
1996/1997	292,873	9.8
1997/1998	309,234	10.3
1998/1999	276,930	9.1
1999/2000	285,817	9.4
2000/2001	269,220	8.7
2001/2002	290,490	9.3
2002/2003	274,899	8.7
2003/2004	261,380	8.2
2004/2005	285,544	8.9
2005/2006	285,868	8.8
2006/2007	305,062	9.3
2007/2008	301,237	9.1
2008/2009	277,846	8.3
2009/2010	259,234	7.7
2010/2011	257,085	7.5
2011/2012	280,347	8.1
2012/2013	261,295	7.5
2013/2014	275,059	7.8
2014/2015	283,809	8.0
2015/2016	277,029	7.7
Source: Statistics Canada, Demography Division, Demographic Estimates Program (DEP).

Compared with recent years, interprovincial migration in Canada has been relatively steady. Since 2009/2010, the interprovincial migration rate has hovered between 7.5 per thousand and 8.1 per thousand, while the number of migrants has remained around 260,000 and 280,000. However, in relation to previous periods, as far back as 1971/1972, the beginning of the Demographic Estimates Program that marked the start of the period covered by the current system of demographic accounts, interprovincial migration has been very low. The interprovincial migration rate of 7.7 per thousand in 2015/2016 was the fourth lowest on record, and all four have come since 2009/2010. The 277,029 interprovincial migrants in 2015/2016 was considerably lower than the largest observed total of 437,549 interprovincial migrants in 1973/1974. In fact, the average number of interprovincial migrants over the seven annual periods from 2009/2010 to 2015/2016 was the lowest seven year average on record. The aging of the Canadian population is a trend that may potentially explain why fewer Canadians are migrating within Canada, as older Canadians are less likely to migrate than younger Canadians.

Net interprovincial migration

Net interprovincial migration represents the difference between in-migrants and out-migrants for a given province or territory. It can be presented as either a number or a rate. Net interprovincial migration was negative in five provinces and two territories, and was positive in five provinces and one territory in 2015/2016.

Among the five provinces and two territories with negative interprovincial migration in 2015/2016, Alberta (-15,108) accounted for over 40% of this net loss. This was Alberta’s first negative net interprovincial migration since 2009/2010 (-3,271), the year following the 2008/2009 economic downturn, and its lowest net interprovincial migration since 1987/1988 (-23,223). This negative net migration, which corresponds to a rate of -3.6 per thousand, coincided with the declining oil prices that affected Alberta’s labour market starting at the end of 2014 and continued into 2016 (Bourbeau & Fields 2017). From July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016, the average unemployment rate for the province was 7.1%, the highest 12 month moving average from July to June since 1995/1996 (not including 2016/2017) (Statistics Canada 2018). The difference in net interprovincial migration between the 2014/2015 (+21,594) and 2015/2016 (-15,108) annual periods was nearly 37,000. This was the second largest change in a province or territory’s net interprovincial migration from one annual period to another since 1971/1972, which was the beginning of the period covered by the current system of demographic accounting. The largest change also occurred in Alberta from 1981/1982 to 1982/1983, for a difference of more than 48,000 migrants (+36,562 to -11,650), coinciding with the recession of 1981/1982.

Meanwhile in Quebec, despite posting the second largest negative net interprovincial migration in Canada (-11,118), due to its large population, its net interprovincial migration rate was somewhat moderated (-1.3 per thousand).

Despite having nearly twice the population of Alberta, there was noticeably less migratory movements in Quebec in 2015/2016 compared with the western province. Although their net interprovincial migration losses were similar, Alberta received nearly three times more (+56,978) in-migrants than Quebec (+19,259), and also had almost two and a half times more out-migrants (-72,086) than Quebec (-30,377). This is partly due to the fact that traditionally, francophone Quebecers have exceptionally low interprovincial migration rates (Finnie 2000).

On the contrary, among the five provinces and one territory with positive interprovincial migration, British Columbia (+26,573) and Ontario (+9,077) accounted for most of these gains in 2015/2016. British Columbia’s 26,573 net interprovincial migrants were the province’s largest since 1994/1995. British Columbia’s net interprovincial migration rate was also the highest among the provinces (+5.6 per thousand). The 2015/2016 annual period was the first since 2002/2003 in which Ontario recorded positive net interprovincial migration. However, due to the size of the province’s population, its net interprovincial rate was relatively small (+0.7 per thousand).

The migratory dynamics of these two provinces differed in 2015/2016. While Ontario’s population was nearly three times the size of British Columbia, they posted the two largest number of in-migrants for the annual period. Ontario paced the nation with 71,790 in-migrants, while British Columbia was not far behind at 63,788. Conversely, British Columbia had substantially fewer out-migrants (-37,215) compared with Ontario (-62,713) (Table 1 and Figure 2).

Data table for Figure 2

Data table for Figure 2
Net interprovincial migration rate of provinces and territories, Canada, 2014/2015 to 2015/2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Net interprovincial migration rate of provinces and territories. The information is grouped by Period (appearing as row headers), N.L., P.E.I., N.S., N.B., Que., Ont., Man., Sask., Alta., B.C., Y.T., N.W.T. and Nvt., calculated using per 1,000 population units of measure (appearing as column headers).

Period	N.L.	P.E.I.	N.S.	N.B.	Que.	Ont.	Man.	Sask.	Alta.	B.C.	Y.T.	N.W.T.	Nvt.
	per 1,000 population
2014/2015	0.3	-4.7	-2.5	-3.7	-2.0	-0.6	-5.2	-4.0	5.2	4.4	2.3	-5.1	-4.7
2015/2016	0.4	0.2	0.8	-1.5	-1.3	0.7	-3.7	-3.7	-3.6	5.6	7.3	-5.6	-5.4
Note: The net rate of a province corresponds to its net interprovincial migration divided by its average population during the reference period. Source: Statistics Canada, Demography Division, Demographic Estimates Program (DEP).

Among the Atlantic provinces, Nova Scotia (+0.8 per thousand), Newfoundland and Labrador (+0.4 per thousand) and Prince Edward Island (+0.2 per thousand) posted positive net interprovincial rates. Although these rates were relatively small, this was the first time since 2009/2010 that Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island recorded positive net migration rates. Their 2014/2015 rates were -2.5 per thousand and -4.7 per thousand, respectively. New Brunswick, at -1.5 per thousand, was the only Atlantic province to have a negative net interprovincial migration rate for 2015/2016.

Saskatchewan and Manitoba both had net interprovincial migration rates of -3.7 per thousand. Despite having the lowest rates among the provinces, both of the losses by these Prairie provinces have diminished from the previous year (-4.0 per thousand and -5.2 per thousand, respectively).

Yukon (+7.3 per thousand) was the sole territory with a positive net interprovincial rate for 2015/2016. The Northwest Territories (-5.6 per thousand) and Nunavut (-5.4 per thousand) both had negative net interprovincial migration rates over the same period. It is important to keep in mind that the territories exhibit significant fluctuations in their annual rates from year to year due to their small populations.

Since comparable data was available beginning in 1971/1972, Alberta and British Columbia have been the two primary recipients of net interprovincial migration in Canada. From 1971/1972 to 2015/2016, Alberta has gained 626,375 net interprovincial migrants, while British Columbia added 602,233 migrants. These were the only two regions as presented in Figure 3 that had positive cumulative net interprovincial migration between 1971/1972 and 2015/2016. With its first net interprovincial migration gain since 2002/2003, Ontario edged closer to regaining positive cumulative net interprovincial migration in 2015/2016 (-6,407 or essentially null), which it was accustomed to between 1985/1986 and 2012/2013. Since the data became available, Quebec (-595,074), Manitoba (-224,215) and Saskatchewan (-201,986) have consistently recorded cumulative net migratory losses. However these losses go in differing directions, as Quebec’s cumulative net migratory losses primarily go to Ontario, while the bulk of Saskatchewan and Manitoba’s go to Alberta and British Columbia. The Atlantic provinces (-179,455), after trifling with net gains in the 1970s, have had a cumulative net migratory loss starting in 1980/1981, predominantly to Alberta.

Data table for Figure 3

Data table for Figure 3
Cumulative net interprovincial migration by region, Canada, 1971 to 2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Cumulative net interprovincial migration by region. The information is grouped by Year (appearing as row headers), Atlantic provinces, Que., Ont., Man., Sask., Alta., B.C. and Territories, calculated using number units of measure (appearing as column headers).

Year	Atlantic provinces	Que.	Ont.	Man.	Sask.	Alta.	B.C.	Territories
	number
1971	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
1972	1,011	-21,637	14,462	-8,880	-18,995	4,190	28,088	1,761
1973	7,969	-41,391	15,402	-14,369	-35,519	9,688	55,281	2,939
1974	9,354	-53,972	5,600	-16,025	-45,991	12,599	86,786	1,649
1975	19,690	-64,333	-22,594	-22,144	-45,294	35,754	96,401	2,520
1976	29,824	-77,687	-41,526	-27,126	-39,998	62,333	91,366	2,814
1977	24,948	-104,053	-47,928	-30,657	-36,816	97,043	96,382	1,081
1978	19,573	-150,482	-39,418	-35,331	-38,535	129,586	113,958	649
1979	14,597	-181,366	-43,743	-46,077	-41,413	163,012	135,963	-973
1980	5,149	-211,342	-66,105	-59,941	-45,906	204,447	176,127	-2,429
1981	-7,479	-234,183	-99,352	-69,344	-49,714	248,697	213,991	-2,616
1982	-18,806	-259,973	-105,017	-71,969	-50,037	285,259	222,696	-2,153
1983	-8,996	-284,651	-81,432	-69,425	-46,457	273,609	221,207	-3,855
1984	-4,629	-302,068	-45,032	-69,086	-44,324	241,623	227,843	-4,327
1985	-5,945	-310,088	-11,147	-69,681	-45,749	220,852	225,874	-4,116
1986	-14,949	-315,437	22,415	-71,978	-52,688	217,021	221,373	-5,757
1987	-22,544	-319,166	65,016	-74,737	-57,645	187,023	228,799	-6,746
1988	-29,498	-326,859	100,231	-80,612	-69,752	163,800	250,278	-7,588
1989	-30,833	-334,477	109,970	-89,925	-86,823	162,272	278,099	-8,283
1990	-33,211	-343,119	104,009	-100,286	-106,265	167,865	319,493	-8,486
1991	-33,705	-354,444	92,382	-107,826	-118,441	176,848	353,546	-8,360
1992	-35,558	-366,996	81,337	-115,467	-126,922	179,831	391,550	-7,775
1993	-39,288	-375,416	67,148	-121,011	-133,270	178,650	431,649	-8,462
1994	-46,176	-384,174	57,728	-125,625	-138,701	177,020	469,520	-9,592
1995	-56,355	-393,121	54,887	-128,845	-142,353	176,464	498,811	-9,488
1996	-64,767	-405,747	52,065	-132,411	-144,514	184,120	520,836	-9,582
1997	-75,676	-423,183	54,042	-138,284	-147,308	210,402	530,716	-10,709
1998	-91,343	-440,141	63,273	-143,560	-149,248	253,491	520,687	-13,159
1999	-97,888	-453,206	79,979	-145,673	-153,581	278,682	506,203	-14,516
2000	-103,500	-465,352	102,348	-149,129	-161,528	301,356	491,593	-15,788
2001	-111,435	-474,794	120,971	-153,452	-169,938	321,813	483,307	-16,472
2002	-116,841	-479,144	126,325	-157,796	-178,758	348,048	474,751	-16,585
2003	-118,692	-480,973	126,962	-160,671	-183,899	359,951	473,714	-16,392
2004	-122,107	-481,795	120,027	-163,236	-188,420	370,557	481,579	-16,605
2005	-131,071	-486,758	108,855	-170,463	-197,935	404,980	489,793	-17,401
2006	-142,563	-496,169	91,354	-178,344	-205,018	450,775	498,593	-18,628
2007	-154,237	-509,034	71,307	-183,844	-203,469	484,584	513,598	-18,905
2008	-157,758	-520,716	56,557	-187,547	-199,298	499,901	528,241	-19,380
2009	-157,405	-528,135	40,956	-190,658	-196,315	513,085	538,236	-19,764
2010	-154,604	-531,393	36,294	-193,070	-194,162	509,814	546,964	-19,843
2011	-154,983	-536,156	32,287	-196,587	-193,617	518,257	550,385	-19,586
2012	-159,728	-543,071	21,676	-200,799	-191,739	545,909	547,674	-19,922
2013	-166,941	-553,502	7,775	-205,805	-191,347	584,507	545,806	-20,493
2014	-173,736	-567,814	-6,789	-212,656	-193,186	619,889	555,281	-20,989
2015	-179,358	-583,956	-15,484	-219,334	-197,714	641,483	575,660	-21,297
2016	-179,455	-595,074	-6,407	-224,215	-201,986	626,375	602,233	-21,471
Note: To facilitate analysis, the four Atlantic provinces were combined, as were the three territories. Source: Statistics Canada, Demography Division, Demographic Estimates Program (DEP).

Flows of interprovincial migrants

Interprovincial migratory flows refer to the movement of individuals from one province or territory to another. The analysis of interprovincial migratory flows serves to describe the migratory dynamics between each province and territory (Table 2).

The largest migratory flows (the largest 20%) are shown in the circular chart (Figure 4), in which a different colour is assigned to each province and territory. Origins and destinations are represented by the circle’s segments. Flows have the same colour as their origin, the width indicates their size and the arrow their direction.

Data table for Figure 4

Data table for Figure 4
Largest interprovincial migration flows, by region of origin and destination, Canada, 2015/2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Largest interprovincial migration flows. The information is grouped by Origin (appearing as row headers), Destination, N.L., P.E.I., N.S., N.B., Que., Ont., Man., Sask., Alta., B.C., Y.T., N.W.T. and Nvt., calculated using number units of measure (appearing as column headers).

Origin	Destination
	N.L.	P.E.I.	N.S.	N.B.	Que.	Ont.	Man.	Sask.	Alta.	B.C.	Y.T.	N.W.T.	Nvt.
	number
Newfoundland and Labrador	Note ...: not applicable	108	987	373	196	2,081	141	108	1,738	496	16	78	46
Prince Edward Island	96	Note ...: not applicable	494	318	85	897	24	46	528	330	8	6	12
Nova Scotia	786	450	Note ...: not applicable	1,714	628	5,239	329	248	3,046	1,663	68	114	68
New Brunswick	351	369	2,175	Note ...: not applicable	1,456	3,385	175	238	2,203	872	18	51	68
Quebec	186	115	735	1,545	Note ...: not applicable	18,985	461	314	4,006	3,788	64	103	75
Ontario	2,128	925	4,970	2,718	10,862	Note ...: not applicable	3,548	2,770	16,163	17,666	297	448	218
Manitoba	172	32	328	199	403	4,638	Note ...: not applicable	1,863	3,985	4,090	46	74	45
Saskatchewan	129	37	330	217	347	3,942	1,594	Note ...: not applicable	8,249	4,551	64	55	17
Alberta	2,216	640	3,637	2,445	3,086	19,421	2,961	7,434	Note ...: not applicable	29,304	289	571	82
British Columbia	392	146	1,230	602	2,007	12,390	1,610	2,068	15,933	Note ...: not applicable	515	248	74
Yukon	3	18	42	25	42	180	23	35	293	554	Note ...: not applicable	32	8
Northwest Territories	71	25	96	43	56	283	51	113	765	423	125	Note ...: not applicable	43
Nunavut	70	9	83	49	91	349	77	23	69	51	21	64	Note ...: not applicable
... not applicable Source: Statistics Canada, Demography Division, Demographic Estimates Program (DEP), CANSIM table 051-0019.

In 2015/2016, the largest flow of migration between two Canadian provinces was 29,304 persons from Alberta to British Columbia. The second greatest flow was also from Alberta, which was 19,421 persons to Ontario. These large migration exchanges at the expense of Alberta, which had the highest total of out-migrants among the provinces, coincide with the province’s negative net interprovincial migration in 2015/2016.

The following three largest exchanges all involved the largest province in terms of population, Ontario. These flows of migrants were from Quebec to Ontario (18,985), Ontario to British Columbia (17,666) and Ontario to Alberta (16,163).

As an alternative to interpret the migratory relationships among the provinces, the net interprovincial migration rates can be broken down by reference province. Arranging the net interprovincial migration rates of each province by the reference province makes it possible to analyze the relationships among the provinces while considering the impact of these flows in relation to the size of the province or territory (Figure 5). An example of this is the flow of persons from Saskatchewan to British Columbia. In Saskatchewan, the negative exchange with British Columbia contributed to a rate of -2.2 per thousand for the Prairie province. On the contrary, this exchange had a less profound impact on British Columbia due to its larger population, for a rate of 0.5 per thousand.

Data table for Figure 5

Data table for Figure 5
Net interprovincial migration rates, by province of reference and regions of origin and destination, Canada, 2015/2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Net interprovincial migration rates. The information is grouped by Province of reference (appearing as row headers), Region of origin or destination
, Net rate, Atlantic provinces, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia and Territories, calculated using per thousand units of measure (appearing as column headers).

Province of reference	Region of origin or destination								Net rate
	Atlantic provinces	Quebec	Ontario	Manitoba	Saskatchewan	Alberta	British Columbia	Territories
	rate (per 1,000 population)
Newfoundland and Labrador	-0.4	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.9	-0.2	0.0	0.4
Prince Edward Island	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.1	0.8	-1.2	0.2	0.2
Nova Scotia	0.7	0.1	-0.3	0.0	0.1	0.6	-0.5	0.0	0.8
New Brunswick	-0.6	0.1	-0.9	0.0	0.0	0.3	-0.4	0.0	-1.5
Quebec	0.0	0.0	-1.0	0.0	0.0	-0.1	-0.2	0.0	-1.3
Ontario	0.1	0.6	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	-0.4	0.0	0.7
Manitoba	0.0	0.0	-0.8	0.0	-0.2	-0.8	-1.9	0.0	-3.7
Saskatchewan	-0.1	0.0	-1.0	0.2	0.0	-0.7	-2.2	0.0	-3.7
Alberta	-0.3	0.2	-0.8	0.2	0.2	0.0	-3.2	0.0	-3.6
British Columbia	0.2	0.4	1.1	0.5	0.5	2.8	0.0	0.0	5.6
Notes: To have a scale that provides information on interprovincial variations, the territories are not displayed as regions of reference. Also, to facilitate analysis, the four Atlantic provinces were combined as regions of origin or destination, as were the three territories. Source: Statistics Canada, Demography Division, Demographic Estimates Program (DEP).

A prominent trend when analyzing the net interprovincial migration rates by the province of reference was the impact Alberta had on other provinces in 2015/2016. In previous years, the net interprovincial rate of Alberta was the highest among the provinces, which subsequently contributed to most of the provinces having negative net migration exchanges with Alberta. However in 2015/2016, a majority of the provinces had positive net flows with Alberta, most notably British Columbia (+2.8 per thousand). The four Atlantic provinces also benefited from migratory exchanges with Alberta. Newfoundland and Labrador (+0.9 per thousand), Prince Edward Island (+0.8 per thousand), Nova Scotia (+0.6 per thousand) and New Brunswick (+0.3 per thousand) all recorded positive net flows with Alberta in 2015/2016. Although these positive net migration rates with Alberta were relatively small, they were much more impactful when compared with 2014/2015 in which all the Atlantic provinces’ net interprovincial migration rates with Alberta were negative.

Another noticeable migratory relationship in 2015/2016 was the net migration gains British Columbia obtained from all provinces. Net exchanges with Alberta (+2.8 per thousand) and Ontario (+1.1 per thousand) contributed the most to the largest net interprovincial migration rate of 5.6 per thousand among the provinces.

Despite a negative migration rate of -0.4 per thousand with British Columbia, Ontario had its first positive net interprovincial migration rate since 2002/2003 (+0.7 per thousand). Migration from Quebec to Ontario (+0.6 per thousand) was the main contributor to Ontario’s positive net interprovincial migration rate, as was having a positive net contribution from Alberta (+0.2 per thousand).

Typical population movements in Canada are those from the central and eastern provinces to the western provinces and those among the western provinces. However in 2015/2016, this dynamic had changed. Although there were still substantial movements among western provinces, especially from the Prairie provinces to British Columbia and from the central and eastern provinces to British Columbia, there were also considerable movements from other western provinces to Central and Eastern Canada. Ontario and the Atlantic provinces, which normally lose people to Alberta and to a lesser extent Saskatchewan and Manitoba, were the beneficiaries of migration from these Prairie provinces in 2015/2016. This shift in the migration of persons from the Prairie provinces to Central and Eastern Canada can be partly attributed to the economic conditions surrounding declining oil prices beginning at the end of 2014 (Bourbeau & Fields 2017).

Age structures of interprovincial migrants

The age structures of interprovincial migrants differ when compared with all Canadians. In 2015/2016, roughly one-third (33.2%) of Canadians were aged 15 to 39, whereas over half (53.7%) of migrants were between the same ages. In contrast, over one-third (34.4%) of Canadians were between the ages of 40 to 64, while less than one-quarter (24.0%) of migrants were in the same age cohort. Adding to this contrast, 16.3% of Canadians were aged 65 and over, but just 6.7% of migrants were seniors. On the other hand, the 0 to 14 year old distribution of all Canadians and migrants were relatively similar (16.0% and 15.6% respectively).

An analysis of the age pyramid of interprovincial migrants and that of all Canadians overall, shown in relative values, clearly indicates the substantial differences in behaviour by age (Figure 6). Young adults and their young children made up the largest share of migrants. Internal mobility was greatest among individuals aged 0 to 4 and 20 to 39 years old, as shown on the age pyramid. The 25 to 29 year old age group was the most mobile, accounting for 17.3% of interprovincial migrants whereas they represented only 6.9% of the total population. This was not surprising since pursuing postsecondary studies, joining the labour market and starting a family are some examples of the many motivations for moving to another province.

Data table for Figure 6

Data table for Figure 6
Age pyramid of interprovincial migrants and Canadians as a whole (per 1,000 population), by sex, Canada, 2015/2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Age pyramid of interprovincial migrants and Canadians as a whole (per 1. The information is grouped by Age (appearing as row headers), Canadians as a whole, Interprovincial migrants, Male and Female, calculated using per thousand units of measure (appearing as column headers).

Age	Canadians as a whole		Interprovincial migrants
	Male	Female	Male	Female
	per thousand
0	5.5	5.2	8.0	7.4
1	5.5	5.2	7.8	7.2
2	5.5	5.2	7.4	6.7
3	5.5	5.2	6.9	6.1
4	5.5	5.3	6.4	5.6
5	5.6	5.3	5.9	5.2
6	5.6	5.4	5.5	4.8
7	5.7	5.4	5.0	4.5
8	5.6	5.3	4.6	4.2
9	5.5	5.2	4.3	4.0
10	5.4	5.1	4.0	3.8
11	5.3	5.1	3.8	3.8
12	5.3	5.1	3.7	3.9
13	5.3	5.0	3.8	3.9
14	5.4	5.1	3.9	4.0
15	5.5	5.2	4.2	4.1
16	5.7	5.4	4.6	4.3
17	5.8	5.5	5.1	4.7
18	6.1	5.8	5.9	5.5
19	6.6	6.2	6.8	6.8
20	6.8	6.4	8.0	8.2
21	7.0	6.5	9.1	9.7
22	7.0	6.6	10.3	11.1
23	7.1	6.8	11.8	12.6
24	7.2	6.9	13.6	14.1
25	7.2	7.0	15.4	15.6
26	7.1	7.0	17.3	17.1
27	6.8	6.8	18.7	18.1
28	6.7	6.8	18.6	18.0
29	6.8	6.9	17.3	16.6
30	6.9	7.0	15.4	14.7
31	7.0	7.0	13.5	12.9
32	7.0	7.0	11.7	11.1
33	6.9	7.0	10.6	9.9
34	7.0	7.0	10.1	9.4
35	7.0	7.0	9.8	9.0
36	6.8	6.9	9.3	8.5
37	6.7	6.7	8.9	8.1
38	6.6	6.6	8.5	7.6
39	6.6	6.6	8.1	7.0
40	6.6	6.6	7.8	6.4
41	6.5	6.5	7.5	6.0
42	6.4	6.4	7.2	5.6
43	6.5	6.5	7.0	5.4
44	6.6	6.6	6.8	5.3
45	6.8	6.7	6.7	5.4
46	6.7	6.7	6.6	5.4
47	6.7	6.7	6.4	5.4
48	6.7	6.6	6.2	5.4
49	6.9	6.8	5.8	5.2
50	7.3	7.2	5.5	5.0
51	7.6	7.6	5.2	4.8
52	7.8	7.7	4.9	4.6
53	7.7	7.7	4.7	4.4
54	7.7	7.6	4.6	4.3
55	7.6	7.6	4.5	4.1
56	7.4	7.5	4.4	3.9
57	7.3	7.3	4.2	3.7
58	7.1	7.2	4.0	3.5
59	6.9	7.0	3.7	3.4
60	6.7	6.8	3.3	3.2
61	6.5	6.7	3.0	3.1
62	6.2	6.4	2.8	3.0
63	5.9	6.1	2.6	2.8
64	5.7	5.9	2.6	2.7
65	5.6	5.8	2.6	2.7
66	5.4	5.6	2.7	2.6
67	5.3	5.6	2.6	2.5
68	5.2	5.5	2.4	2.4
69	4.8	5.1	2.1	2.2
70	4.2	4.5	1.8	2.0
71	3.9	4.3	1.5	1.9
72	3.7	4.1	1.3	1.7
73	3.5	3.9	1.1	1.6
74	3.2	3.6	1.1	1.6
75	3.0	3.4	1.1	1.5
76	2.8	3.2	1.1	1.4
77	2.6	3.1	1.1	1.4
78	2.4	2.9	1.0	1.3
79	2.2	2.7	0.9	1.2
80	2.1	2.6	0.8	1.2
81	1.9	2.5	0.7	1.1
82	1.8	2.3	0.7	1.0
83	1.7	2.3	0.6	0.9
84	1.5	2.2	0.5	0.8
85	1.4	2.0	0.4	0.7
86	1.2	1.8	0.3	0.7
87	1.0	1.7	0.3	0.6
88	0.9	1.5	0.2	0.5
89	0.7	1.3	0.2	0.4
90	0.6	1.2	0.1	0.3
91	0.5	1.0	0.1	0.2
92	0.4	0.9	0.1	0.2
93	0.3	0.7	0.0	0.1
94	0.2	0.6	0.0	0.1
95	0.1	0.4	0.0	0.1
96	0.1	0.3	0.0	0.0
97	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0
98	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
99	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
100	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Note: Persons aged 100 and over are included at age 100. Source: Statistics Canada, Demography Division, Demographic Estimates Program (DEP).

The circular charts (Figures 7a and 7b) show the largest interprovincial migratory flows for the 18 to 24 and the 65 and older age groups in 2015/2016 (the largest 20%), and reveal the contrasting migratory dynamics of these two age groups. Comparing the scales of the two figures show that the magnitude of the flows were much larger for the 18 to 24 year old age group, despite the population for the 65 year old age group being almost twice as large. One major difference in 2015/2016 compared with 2014/2015 was the decrease of in-flows to Alberta among the 18 to 24 year old age group. With that being said, Alberta still had the largest in-flows for the 18 to 24 year old age group in 2015/2016, while Ontario had the greatest out-flows and the largest net flows were observed in British Columbia. For those aged 65 and older, the largest out-flows originated in Ontario, whereas both the largest in-flows and net flows were observed in British Columbia. Despite the difference in the volume of flows between the two age groups, it is evident that a similar proportion of the migratory flows were shared among the provinces for both age groups.

For more information, see CANSIM table 051-0012: Interprovincial migrants, by age group and sex, Canada, provinces and territories annual (persons).

Data table for Figure 7a

Data table for Figure 7A
Largest interprovincial migration flows, by region of origin and destination, migrants aged 18 to 24, Canada, 2015/2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Largest interprovincial migration flows. The information is grouped by Origin (appearing as row headers), Destination, N.L., P.E.I., N.S., N.B., Que., Ont., Man., Sask., Alta., B.C., Y.T., N.W.T. and Nvt., calculated using number units of measure (appearing as column headers).

Origin	Destination
	N.L.	P.E.I.	N.S.	N.B.	Que.	Ont.	Man.	Sask.	Alta.	B.C.	Y.T.	N.W.T.	Nvt.
	number
Newfoundland and Labrador	Note ...: not applicable	11	158	51	38	279	20	20	301	82	0	7	2
Prince Edward Island	27	Note ...: not applicable	96	79	23	154	4	9	146	44	1	1	3
Nova Scotia	155	75	Note ...: not applicable	315	102	831	33	45	725	242	12	15	8
New Brunswick	63	64	433	Note ...: not applicable	276	625	23	42	534	131	3	8	6
Quebec	16	10	80	154	Note ...: not applicable	2190	60	46	690	436	6	15	11
Ontario	206	127	687	282	1497	Note ...: not applicable	548	502	3062	2609	51	77	30
Manitoba	13	1	33	22	59	669	Note ...: not applicable	351	619	531	5	6	4
Saskatchewan	14	6	38	22	47	462	244	Note ...: not applicable	1154	611	6	2	0
Alberta	184	80	437	293	417	2309	390	900	Note ...: not applicable	3669	36	59	7
British Columbia	32	24	162	63	330	1901	196	291	2621	Note ...: not applicable	73	25	3
Yukon	0	0	4	1	4	16	1	4	49	69	Note ...: not applicable	3	0
Northwest Territories	5	0	11	1	6	19	3	5	96	41	14	Note ...: not applicable	3
Nunavut	1	1	6	1	8	35	12	3	7	1	1	7	Note ...: not applicable
... not applicable Source: Statistics Canada, Demography Division, Demographic Estimates Program (DEP).

Data table for Figure 7b

Data table for Figure 7B
Largest interprovincial migration flows, by region of origin and destination, migrants aged 65 and over, Canada, 2015/2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Largest interprovincial migration flows. The information is grouped by Origin (appearing as row headers), Destination, N.L., P.E.I., N.S., N.B., Que., Ont., Man., Sask., Alta., B.C., Y.T., N.W.T. and Nvt., calculated using number units of measure (appearing as column headers).

Origin	Destination
	N.L.	P.E.I.	N.S.	N.B.	Que.	Ont.	Man.	Sask.	Alta.	B.C.	Y.T.	N.W.T.	Nvt.
	number
Newfoundland and Labrador	Note ...: not applicable	12	72	40	8	179	8	8	64	40	0	1	1
Prince Edward Island	6	Note ...: not applicable	49	24	4	61	0	0	20	33	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	39	49	Note ...: not applicable	146	32	382	15	9	95	126	7	0	4
New Brunswick	17	36	117	Note ...: not applicable	101	225	9	6	64	72	0	0	0
Quebec	8	10	52	152	Note ...: not applicable	1377	22	14	123	242	1	2	0
Ontario	206	108	430	247	809	Note ...: not applicable	230	106	713	1529	11	6	7
Manitoba	14	1	16	5	20	232	Note ...: not applicable	118	286	358	4	2	2
Saskatchewan	6	1	15	9	11	113	114	Note ...: not applicable	586	430	3	2	0
Alberta	100	9	102	85	98	568	153	320	Note ...: not applicable	2125	11	9	2
British Columbia	24	20	106	41	115	822	192	203	1454	Note ...: not applicable	43	10	0
Yukon	0	0	0	2	1	9	1	2	16	41	Note ...: not applicable	0	0
Northwest Territories	6	1	6	1	0	14	3	5	35	24	3	Note ...: not applicable	0
Nunavut	1	1	5	2	2	14	2	0	4	3	0	1	Note ...: not applicable
... not applicable Source: Statistics Canada, Demography Division, Demographic Estimates Program (DEP).

Internal migration between census divisions (CDs)

Start of text box

For the analysis of this section, a rate higher than -1 per thousand and lower than 1 per thousand is considered to be nil or low. Rates are based on the ratio of the number of events during the period (t, t+x) to the average of the populations at the beginning and end of the period.

This section analyzes internal migration in Canada at the CD level.^{Note 1} Internal migration of the CDs can be broken down into two components – interprovincial migration which is composed of movements of people from one CD to another in different provinces or territories, and intraprovincial migration which is the movement of people from one CD to another within the same province or territory. Canada has 293 CDs, which are neighbouring municipalities joined together for the purpose of regional planning and managing common services.^{Note 2}

In 2015/2016, internal migration gains (Map 1) were observed in 132 of Canada’s 293 CDs (45.1%), losses were recorded in 130 CDs (44.4%) and 31 CDs remained relatively stable. Over the same period, intraprovincial migration growth (Map 2) was posted in 136 of the 293 CDs (46.4%), 128 CDs (43.7%) endured losses and the remaining 29 CDs held relatively steady. On the other hand, only 64 CDs (21.8%) had interprovincial migration gains (Map 3), whereas 93 CDs (31.7%) had interprovincial losses and nearly half of the CDs (136 or 46.4%) were relatively unchanged.

Data table for Map 1

Data table for Map 1
Net internal migration rates (per thousand), by census division, 2015/2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Net internal migration rates (per thousand). The information is grouped by Census division code (appearing as row headers), Census division name, Province, Colour on map and Rate (per thousand) (appearing as column headers).

Census division code	Census division name	Province	Colour on map	Rate (per thousand)
2474	Mirabel	Quebec	Dark green	21.4
5935	Central Okanagan	British Columbia	Dark green	20.3
5907	Okanagan-Similkameen	British Columbia	Dark green	19.4
3522	Dufferin	Ontario	Dark green	19.3
5921	Nanaimo	British Columbia	Dark green	19.0
5909	Fraser Valley	British Columbia	Dark green	18.2
2475	La Rivière-du-Nord	Quebec	Dark green	17.7
3546	Haliburton	Ontario	Dark green	17.3
5924	Strathcona	British Columbia	Dark green	17.0
3543	Simcoe	Ontario	Dark green	16.8
5939	Columbia-Shuswap	British Columbia	Dark green	15.9
5937	North Okanagan	British Columbia	Dark green	15.7
5917	Capital	British Columbia	Dark green	15.6
5931	Squamish-Lillooet	British Columbia	Dark green	15.6
3544	Muskoka	Ontario	Dark green	15.2
2468	Les Jardins-de-Napierville	Quebec	Dark green	15.2
2477	Les Pays-d'en-Haut	Quebec	Dark green	15.0
5905	Kootenay Boundary	British Columbia	Dark green	14.2
5926	Comox Valley	British Columbia	Dark green	14.2
5919	Cowichan Valley	British Columbia	Dark green	13.7
2463	Montcalm	Quebec	Dark green	13.7
5929	Sunshine Coast	British Columbia	Dark green	13.7
3516	Kawartha Lakes	Ontario	Dark green	13.0
2462	Matawinie	Quebec	Dark green	12.9
5927	Powell River	British Columbia	Dark green	11.7
3515	Peterborough	Ontario	Dark green	11.4
5945	Central Coast	British Columbia	Dark green	11.4
5933	Thompson-Nicola	British Columbia	Dark green	11.3
3514	Northumberland	Ontario	Dark green	11.1
2478	Les Laurentides	Quebec	Dark green	10.3
5923	Alberni-Clayoquot	British Columbia	Dark green	10.2
3542	Grey	Ontario	Dark green	10.2
4613	Division No. 13	Manitoba	Light green	9.7
1205	Annapolis	Nova Scotia	Light green	9.5
2446	Brome-Missisquoi	Quebec	Light green	9.5
3549	Parry Sound	Ontario	Light green	8.9
2421	La Côte-de-Beaupré	Quebec	Light green	8.3
3532	Oxford	Ontario	Light green	8.1
2433	Lotbinière	Quebec	Light green	7.9
3526	Niagara	Ontario	Light green	7.8
3528	Haldimand-Norfolk	Ontario	Light green	7.8
3512	Hastings	Ontario	Light green	7.8
3509	Lanark	Ontario	Light green	7.7
3518	Durham	Ontario	Light green	7.7
2480	Papineau	Quebec	Light green	7.7
3523	Wellington	Ontario	Light green	7.6
3529	Brant	Ontario	Light green	7.4
3510	Frontenac	Ontario	Light green	7.4
2435	Mékinac	Quebec	Light green	7.3
6001	Yukon	Yukon Territory	Light green	7.3
2422	La Jacques-Cartier	Quebec	Light green	7.2
2470	Beauharnois-Salaberry	Quebec	Light green	7.1
5903	Central Kootenay	British Columbia	Light green	7.0
6104	Region 4	Northwest Territories	Light green	6.9
2445	Memphrémagog	Quebec	Light green	6.8
2479	Antoine-Labelle	Quebec	Light green	6.6
3524	Halton	Ontario	Light green	6.5
4602	Division No. 2	Manitoba	Light green	6.3
1006	Division No. 6	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	6.2
2442	Le Val-Saint-François	Quebec	Light green	6.1
2471	Vaudreuil-Soulanges	Quebec	Light green	6.1
4610	Division No. 10	Manitoba	Light green	5.9
2482	Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais	Quebec	Light green	5.8
3513	Prince Edward	Ontario	Light green	5.4
2434	Portneuf	Quebec	Light green	5.2
3507	Leeds and Grenville	Ontario	Light green	5.2
3506	Ottawa	Ontario	Light green	5.0
3551	Manitoulin	Ontario	Light green	5.0
2467	Roussillon	Quebec	Light green	5.0
2447	La Haute-Yamaska	Quebec	Light green	4.9
3541	Bruce	Ontario	Light green	4.9
3539	Middlesex	Ontario	Light green	4.9
3534	Elgin	Ontario	Light green	4.7
4604	Division No. 4	Manitoba	Light green	4.5
4609	Division No. 9	Manitoba	Light green	4.4
3530	Waterloo	Ontario	Light green	4.4
2449	Drummond	Quebec	Light green	4.3
1201	Shelburne	Nova Scotia	Light green	4.1
2457	La Vallée-du-Richelieu	Quebec	Light green	4.1
2411	Les Basques	Quebec	Light green	4.1
2464	Les Moulins	Quebec	Light green	4.0
4618	Division No. 18	Manitoba	Light green	3.8
1005	Division No. 5	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	3.7
2469	Le Haut-Saint-Laurent	Quebec	Light green	3.7
2438	Bécancour	Quebec	Light green	3.7
4711	Division No. 11	Saskatchewan	Light green	3.7
2439	Arthabaska	Quebec	Light green	3.7
2402	Le Rocher-Percé	Quebec	Light green	3.7
4607	Division No. 7	Manitoba	Light green	3.6
2437	Francheville	Quebec	Light green	3.5
2473	Thérèse-De Blainville	Quebec	Light green	3.5
2461	Joliette	Quebec	Light green	3.5
2456	Le Haut-Richelieu	Quebec	Light green	3.5
1209	Halifax	Nova Scotia	Light green	3.4
4612	Division No. 12	Manitoba	Light green	3.2
1307	Westmorland	New Brunswick	Light green	3.2
1210	Colchester	Nova Scotia	Light green	3.2
4704	Division No. 4	Saskatchewan	Light green	3.0
2425	Lévis	Quebec	Light green	2.9
1203	Digby	Nova Scotia	Light green	2.9
2412	Rivière-du-Loup	Quebec	Light green	2.8
2430	Le Granit	Quebec	Light green	2.7
2410	Rimouski-Neigette	Quebec	Light green	2.7
1001	Division No. 1	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	2.5
2454	Les Maskoutains	Quebec	Light green	2.5
2459	Lajemmerais	Quebec	Light green	2.5
2453	Pierre-De Saurel	Quebec	Light green	2.4
5901	East Kootenay	British Columbia	Light green	2.4
3525	Hamilton	Ontario	Light green	2.4
1206	Lunenburg	Nova Scotia	Light green	2.4
2428	Les Etchemins	Quebec	Light green	2.3
4614	Division No. 14	Manitoba	Light green	2.1
2427	Robert-Cliche	Quebec	Light green	2.1
1102	Queens	Prince Edward Island	Light green	2.1
1310	York	New Brunswick	Light green	2.1
5953	Fraser-Fort George	British Columbia	Light green	2.1
6106	Region 6	Northwest Territories	Light green	2.0
1306	Albert	New Brunswick	Light green	1.9
2431	Les Appalaches	Quebec	Light green	1.9
2451	Maskinongé	Quebec	Light green	1.8
2472	Deux-Montagnes	Quebec	Light green	1.8
3511	Lennox and Addington	Ontario	Light green	1.8
2416	Charlevoix	Quebec	Light green	1.7
2436	Shawinigan	Quebec	Light green	1.7
2452	D'Autray	Quebec	Light green	1.5
4811	Division No. 11	Alberta	Light green	1.5
2417	L'Islet	Quebec	Light green	1.3
4601	Division No. 1	Manitoba	Light green	1.2
2432	L'Érable	Quebec	Light green	1.2
4803	Division No. 3	Alberta	Light green	1.2
3531	Perth	Ontario	Light green	1.2
3536	Chatham-Kent	Ontario	Light green	1.0
3538	Lambton	Ontario	Grey	0.9
1007	Division No. 7	Newfoundland and Labrador	Grey	0.9
2476	Argenteuil	Quebec	Grey	0.9
2419	Bellechasse	Quebec	Grey	0.9
2460	L'Assomption	Quebec	Grey	0.9
3547	Renfrew	Ontario	Grey	0.8
5941	Cariboo	British Columbia	Grey	0.7
3540	Huron	Ontario	Grey	0.6
2440	Les Sources	Quebec	Grey	0.6
2409	La Mitis	Quebec	Grey	0.6
2443	Sherbrooke	Quebec	Grey	0.5
2429	Beauce-Sartigan	Quebec	Grey	0.4
2401	Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine	Quebec	Grey	0.2
2481	Gatineau	Quebec	Grey	0.2
1202	Yarmouth	Nova Scotia	Grey	0.1
3502	Prescott and Russell	Ontario	Grey	0.1
2486	Rouyn-Noranda	Quebec	Grey	0.0
2418	Montmagny	Quebec	Grey	-0.1
3501	Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry	Ontario	Grey	-0.1
2444	Coaticook	Quebec	Grey	-0.2
3537	Essex	Ontario	Grey	-0.2
3548	Nipissing	Ontario	Grey	-0.3
5915	Greater Vancouver	British Columbia	Grey	-0.3
3559	Rainy River	Ontario	Grey	-0.4
3557	Algoma	Ontario	Grey	-0.5
2458	Longueuil	Quebec	Grey	-0.6
2450	Nicolet-Yamaska	Quebec	Grey	-0.6
4802	Division No. 2	Alberta	Grey	-0.6
1204	Queens	Nova Scotia	Grey	-0.7
2426	La Nouvelle-Beauce	Quebec	Grey	-0.7
4712	Division No. 12	Saskatchewan	Grey	-0.9
2455	Rouville	Quebec	Orange	-1.0
4706	Division No. 6	Saskatchewan	Orange	-1.0
1103	Prince	Prince Edward Island	Orange	-1.1
4707	Division No. 7	Saskatchewan	Orange	-1.1
2423	Québec	Quebec	Orange	-1.2
4815	Division No. 15	Alberta	Orange	-1.2
4806	Division No. 6	Alberta	Orange	-1.4
1215	Inverness	Nova Scotia	Orange	-1.5
4805	Division No. 5	Alberta	Orange	-1.6
2465	Laval	Quebec	Orange	-1.7
1308	Kent	New Brunswick	Orange	-1.7
1004	Division No. 4	Newfoundland and Labrador	Orange	-1.8
1211	Cumberland	Nova Scotia	Orange	-1.9
2406	Avignon	Quebec	Orange	-2.0
5947	Skeena-Queen Charlotte	British Columbia	Orange	-2.0
1207	Kings	Nova Scotia	Orange	-2.0
3553	Greater Sudbury / Grand Sudbury	Ontario	Orange	-2.2
2491	Le Domaine-du-Roy	Quebec	Orange	-2.4
2483	La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau	Quebec	Orange	-2.6
3558	Thunder Bay	Ontario	Orange	-2.6
6205	Keewatin	Nunavut	Orange	-2.8
1309	Northumberland	New Brunswick	Orange	-2.8
1214	Antigonish	Nova Scotia	Orange	-2.8
2420	L'Île-d'Orléans	Quebec	Orange	-2.8
2489	La Vallée-de-l'Or	Quebec	Orange	-2.9
1302	Charlotte	New Brunswick	Orange	-2.9
2493	Lac-Saint-Jean-Est	Quebec	Orange	-2.9
3560	Kenora	Ontario	Orange	-3.0
5943	Mount Waddington	British Columbia	Orange	-3.1
2405	Bonaventure	Quebec	Orange	-3.1
4605	Division No. 5	Manitoba	Orange	-3.2
1008	Division No. 8	Newfoundland and Labrador	Orange	-3.2
2487	Abitibi-Ouest	Quebec	Orange	-3.2
2408	Matane	Quebec	Orange	-3.2
4606	Division No. 6	Manitoba	Orange	-3.3
2413	Témiscouata	Quebec	Orange	-3.4
4703	Division No. 3	Saskatchewan	Orange	-3.4
2484	Pontiac	Quebec	Orange	-3.5
1002	Division No. 2	Newfoundland and Labrador	Orange	-3.5
1312	Victoria	New Brunswick	Orange	-3.6
1315	Gloucester	New Brunswick	Orange	-3.6
6208	Kitikmeot	Nunavut	Orange	-3.8
1212	Pictou	Nova Scotia	Orange	-3.9
1301	Saint John	New Brunswick	Orange	-4.1
1303	Sunbury	New Brunswick	Orange	-4.2
4808	Division No. 8	Alberta	Orange	-4.2
1313	Madawaska	New Brunswick	Orange	-4.2
2441	Le Haut-Saint-François	Quebec	Orange	-4.3
3519	York	Ontario	Orange	-4.3
2407	La Matapédia	Quebec	Orange	-4.3
4715	Division No. 15	Saskatchewan	Orange	-4.4
2492	Maria-Chapdelaine	Quebec	Orange	-4.4
1314	Restigouche	New Brunswick	Orange	-4.4
1217	Cape Breton	Nova Scotia	Orange	-4.6
2494	Le Saguenay-et-son-Fjord	Quebec	Orange	-4.6
1009	Division No. 9	Newfoundland and Labrador	Orange	-4.7
4709	Division No. 9	Saskatchewan	Orange	-4.7
2414	Kamouraska	Quebec	Orange	-4.9
1305	Kings	New Brunswick	Orange	-5.1
1208	Hants	Nova Scotia	Orange	-5.2
1213	Guysborough	Nova Scotia	Orange	-5.3
4611	Division No. 11	Manitoba	Orange	-5.4
1216	Richmond	Nova Scotia	Orange	-5.5
5951	Bulkley-Nechako	British Columbia	Orange	-5.6
1311	Carleton	New Brunswick	Orange	-5.6
4608	Division No. 8	Manitoba	Orange	-5.7
1101	Kings	Prince Edward Island	Orange	-5.8
4801	Division No. 1	Alberta	Orange	-5.9
2448	Acton	Quebec	Orange	-6.2
5949	Kitimat-Stikine	British Columbia	Orange	-6.2
1304	Queens	New Brunswick	Orange	-6.3
3521	Peel	Ontario	Orange	-6.4
2488	Abitibi	Quebec	Orange	-6.5
3554	Timiskaming	Ontario	Orange	-6.6
4603	Division No. 3	Manitoba	Orange	-6.9
4617	Division No. 17	Manitoba	Orange	-7.4
6204	Baffin	Nunavut	Orange	-7.4
2403	La Côte-de-Gaspé	Quebec	Orange	-7.5
2499	Nord-du-Québec	Quebec	Orange	-7.8
3520	Toronto	Ontario	Orange	-7.9
2404	La Haute-Gaspésie	Quebec	Orange	-8.1
2495	La Haute-Côte-Nord	Quebec	Orange	-8.2
4716	Division No. 16	Saskatchewan	Orange	-8.3
2485	Témiscamingue	Quebec	Orange	-8.8
2415	Charlevoix-Est	Quebec	Orange	-9.0
4616	Division No. 16	Manitoba	Orange	-9.2
4708	Division No. 8	Saskatchewan	Orange	-9.3
3556	Cochrane	Ontario	Orange	-9.4
4620	Division No. 20	Manitoba	Orange	-9.7
1218	Victoria	Nova Scotia	Red	-10.3
4809	Division No. 9	Alberta	Red	-10.5
4702	Division No. 2	Saskatchewan	Red	-10.7
4714	Division No. 14	Saskatchewan	Red	-10.8
2490	La Tuque	Quebec	Red	-11.0
4813	Division No. 13	Alberta	Red	-11.2
2466	Montréal	Quebec	Red	-11.4
4622	Division No. 22	Manitoba	Red	-11.5
1003	Division No. 3	Newfoundland and Labrador	Red	-11.7
4621	Division No. 21	Manitoba	Red	-11.7
4807	Division No. 7	Alberta	Red	-11.8
4718	Division No. 18	Saskatchewan	Red	-12.2
6102	Region 2	Northwest Territories	Red	-12.3
4810	Division No. 10	Alberta	Red	-12.3
4705	Division No. 5	Saskatchewan	Red	-13.2
1011	Division No. 11	Newfoundland and Labrador	Red	-13.7
4623	Division No. 23	Manitoba	Red	-13.7
4812	Division No. 12	Alberta	Red	-14.3
3552	Sudbury	Ontario	Red	-14.3
1010	Division No. 10	Newfoundland and Labrador	Red	-15.4
4710	Division No. 10	Saskatchewan	Red	-16.1
2498	Minganie--Le Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent	Quebec	Red	-16.6
6101	Region 1	Northwest Territories	Red	-16.8
6105	Region 5	Northwest Territories	Red	-16.9
4619	Division No. 19	Manitoba	Red	-16.9
2496	Manicouagan	Quebec	Red	-17.0
4817	Division No. 17	Alberta	Red	-18.3
4814	Division No. 14	Alberta	Red	-18.5
4804	Division No. 4	Alberta	Red	-18.6
4819	Division No. 19	Alberta	Red	-18.9
2497	Sept-Rivières--Caniapiscau	Quebec	Red	-19.0
6103	Region 3	Northwest Territories	Red	-19.3
4717	Division No. 17	Saskatchewan	Red	-19.3
4713	Division No. 13	Saskatchewan	Red	-19.4
5955	Peace River	British Columbia	Red	-19.8
4701	Division No. 1	Saskatchewan	Red	-20.6
4615	Division No. 15	Manitoba	Red	-22.6
4818	Division No. 18	Alberta	Red	-33.9
5957	Stikine	British Columbia	Red	-45.6
5959	Northern Rockies	British Columbia	Red	-46.2
4816	Division No. 16	Alberta	Red	-64.0
Source: Statistics Canada, Demography Division.

Data table for Map 2

Data table for Map 2
Net intraprovincial migration rates (per thousand), by census division, 2015/2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Net intraprovincial migration rates (per thousand). The information is grouped by Census division code (appearing as row headers), Census division name, Province, Colour on map and Rate (per thousand) (appearing as column headers).

Census division code	Census division name	Province	Colour on map	Rate (per thousand)
3522	Dufferin	Ontario	Dark green	21.8
2474	Mirabel	Quebec	Dark green	21.3
2475	La Rivière-du-Nord	Quebec	Dark green	18.5
3543	Simcoe	Ontario	Dark green	17.8
3546	Haliburton	Ontario	Dark green	15.9
2468	Les Jardins-de-Napierville	Quebec	Dark green	15.3
2477	Les Pays-d'en-Haut	Quebec	Dark green	15.1
3544	Muskoka	Ontario	Dark green	15.1
2463	Montcalm	Quebec	Dark green	14.0
5909	Fraser Valley	British Columbia	Dark green	13.8
3516	Kawartha Lakes	Ontario	Dark green	13.5
2462	Matawinie	Quebec	Dark green	13.3
3514	Northumberland	Ontario	Dark green	12.6
3515	Peterborough	Ontario	Dark green	12.2
4613	Division No. 13	Manitoba	Dark green	11.5
2478	Les Laurentides	Quebec	Dark green	10.8
2422	La Jacques-Cartier	Quebec	Dark green	10.4
2446	Brome-Missisquoi	Quebec	Dark green	10.2
3542	Grey	Ontario	Dark green	10.2
2421	La Côte-de-Beaupré	Quebec	Light green	9.4
3549	Parry Sound	Ontario	Light green	9.3
3528	Haldimand-Norfolk	Ontario	Light green	9.1
2471	Vaudreuil-Soulanges	Quebec	Light green	8.8
3518	Durham	Ontario	Light green	8.6
3526	Niagara	Ontario	Light green	8.6
3532	Oxford	Ontario	Light green	8.3
4711	Division No. 11	Saskatchewan	Light green	8.2
6104	Region 4	Northwest Territories	Light green	8.1
5907	Okanagan-Similkameen	British Columbia	Light green	8.0
4602	Division No. 2	Manitoba	Light green	7.9
3529	Brant	Ontario	Light green	7.9
5921	Nanaimo	British Columbia	Light green	7.7
3523	Wellington	Ontario	Light green	7.6
2470	Beauharnois-Salaberry	Quebec	Light green	7.6
3512	Hastings	Ontario	Light green	7.6
2433	Lotbinière	Quebec	Light green	7.5
5924	Strathcona	British Columbia	Light green	7.5
2445	Memphrémagog	Quebec	Light green	7.4
1310	York	New Brunswick	Light green	7.3
2435	Mékinac	Quebec	Light green	7.2
3509	Lanark	Ontario	Light green	7.1
4607	Division No. 7	Manitoba	Light green	6.8
2480	Papineau	Quebec	Light green	6.8
2479	Antoine-Labelle	Quebec	Light green	6.6
2442	Le Val-Saint-François	Quebec	Light green	6.4
5935	Central Okanagan	British Columbia	Light green	6.3
5905	Kootenay Boundary	British Columbia	Light green	6.2
5931	Squamish-Lillooet	British Columbia	Light green	6.1
3513	Prince Edward	Ontario	Light green	6.1
3524	Halton	Ontario	Light green	6.1
2467	Roussillon	Quebec	Light green	6.1
4612	Division No. 12	Manitoba	Light green	5.9
5919	Cowichan Valley	British Columbia	Light green	5.8
4610	Division No. 10	Manitoba	Light green	5.8
5929	Sunshine Coast	British Columbia	Light green	5.7
5933	Thompson-Nicola	British Columbia	Light green	5.7
3510	Frontenac	Ontario	Light green	5.6
5926	Comox Valley	British Columbia	Light green	5.6
6106	Region 6	Northwest Territories	Light green	5.6
5917	Capital	British Columbia	Light green	5.5
2482	Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais	Quebec	Light green	5.4
2447	La Haute-Yamaska	Quebec	Light green	5.4
2434	Portneuf	Quebec	Light green	5.3
1205	Annapolis	Nova Scotia	Light green	5.3
3507	Leeds and Grenville	Ontario	Light green	5.2
3541	Bruce	Ontario	Light green	5.0
2449	Drummond	Quebec	Light green	5.0
1307	Westmorland	New Brunswick	Light green	4.9
3551	Manitoulin	Ontario	Light green	4.9
4604	Division No. 4	Manitoba	Light green	4.9
2464	Les Moulins	Quebec	Light green	4.6
5937	North Okanagan	British Columbia	Light green	4.6
4609	Division No. 9	Manitoba	Light green	4.6
2469	Le Haut-Saint-Laurent	Quebec	Light green	4.3
2461	Joliette	Quebec	Light green	4.3
3539	Middlesex	Ontario	Light green	4.3
2438	Bécancour	Quebec	Light green	4.3
2457	La Vallée-du-Richelieu	Quebec	Light green	4.3
3534	Elgin	Ontario	Light green	4.2
5923	Alberni-Clayoquot	British Columbia	Light green	4.2
2473	Thérèse-De Blainville	Quebec	Light green	4.2
5927	Powell River	British Columbia	Light green	4.2
5945	Central Coast	British Columbia	Light green	4.1
2437	Francheville	Quebec	Light green	4.1
4706	Division No. 6	Saskatchewan	Light green	3.9
2439	Arthabaska	Quebec	Light green	3.9
3530	Waterloo	Ontario	Light green	3.8
1005	Division No. 5	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	3.8
2411	Les Basques	Quebec	Light green	3.6
2456	Le Haut-Richelieu	Quebec	Light green	3.6
2402	Le Rocher-Percé	Quebec	Light green	3.5
1001	Division No. 1	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	3.5
4811	Division No. 11	Alberta	Light green	3.5
4614	Division No. 14	Manitoba	Light green	3.4
2425	Lévis	Quebec	Light green	3.2
1209	Halifax	Nova Scotia	Light green	3.2
2454	Les Maskoutains	Quebec	Light green	3.1
2412	Rivière-du-Loup	Quebec	Light green	3.0
1102	Queens	Prince Edward Island	Light green	3.0
2472	Deux-Montagnes	Quebec	Light green	3.0
2459	Lajemmerais	Quebec	Light green	2.9
1306	Albert	New Brunswick	Light green	2.9
2430	Le Granit	Quebec	Light green	2.9
3511	Lennox and Addington	Ontario	Light green	2.7
2428	Les Etchemins	Quebec	Light green	2.7
2410	Rimouski-Neigette	Quebec	Light green	2.6
2431	Les Appalaches	Quebec	Light green	2.6
2476	Argenteuil	Quebec	Light green	2.4
2453	Pierre-De Saurel	Quebec	Light green	2.3
1210	Colchester	Nova Scotia	Light green	2.2
2481	Gatineau	Quebec	Light green	2.2
2443	Sherbrooke	Quebec	Light green	2.2
3531	Perth	Ontario	Light green	2.2
3525	Hamilton	Ontario	Light green	2.2
1006	Division No. 6	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	2.2
2451	Maskinongé	Quebec	Light green	2.1
6205	Keewatin	Nunavut	Light green	2.0
2452	D'Autray	Quebec	Light green	2.0
2432	L'Érable	Quebec	Light green	1.9
2427	Robert-Cliche	Quebec	Light green	1.9
3547	Renfrew	Ontario	Light green	1.8
4806	Division No. 6	Alberta	Light green	1.8
2436	Shawinigan	Quebec	Light green	1.8
5939	Columbia-Shuswap	British Columbia	Light green	1.7
3506	Ottawa	Ontario	Light green	1.7
2419	Bellechasse	Quebec	Light green	1.4
2484	Pontiac	Quebec	Light green	1.4
3540	Huron	Ontario	Light green	1.3
4704	Division No. 4	Saskatchewan	Light green	1.3
2458	Longueuil	Quebec	Light green	1.2
4618	Division No. 18	Manitoba	Light green	1.1
4808	Division No. 8	Alberta	Light green	1.1
2416	Charlevoix	Quebec	Light green	1.0
2420	L'Île-d'Orléans	Quebec	Light green	1.0
2460	L'Assomption	Quebec	Light green	1.0
2417	L'Islet	Quebec	Light green	1.0
3536	Chatham-Kent	Ontario	Grey	0.8
4707	Division No. 7	Saskatchewan	Grey	0.7
2409	La Mitis	Quebec	Grey	0.7
3538	Lambton	Ontario	Grey	0.7
4805	Division No. 5	Alberta	Grey	0.7
2444	Coaticook	Quebec	Grey	0.6
4601	Division No. 1	Manitoba	Grey	0.6
2429	Beauce-Sartigan	Quebec	Grey	0.5
2418	Montmagny	Quebec	Grey	0.3
2486	Rouyn-Noranda	Quebec	Grey	0.3
2423	Québec	Quebec	Grey	0.3
3548	Nipissing	Ontario	Grey	0.2
3557	Algoma	Ontario	Grey	0.2
2440	Les Sources	Quebec	Grey	0.1
4803	Division No. 3	Alberta	Grey	0.1
6001	Yukon	Yukon Territory	Grey	0.0
2406	Avignon	Quebec	Grey	0.0
4802	Division No. 2	Alberta	Grey	-0.1
1206	Lunenburg	Nova Scotia	Grey	-0.1
4611	Division No. 11	Manitoba	Grey	-0.3
2465	Laval	Quebec	Grey	-0.4
1301	Saint John	New Brunswick	Grey	-0.4
2450	Nicolet-Yamaska	Quebec	Grey	-0.4
2426	La Nouvelle-Beauce	Quebec	Grey	-0.4
4712	Division No. 12	Saskatchewan	Grey	-0.5
3537	Essex	Ontario	Grey	-0.5
6204	Baffin	Nunavut	Grey	-0.6
2401	Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine	Quebec	Grey	-0.6
5953	Fraser-Fort George	British Columbia	Grey	-0.8
3558	Thunder Bay	Ontario	Orange	-1.0
2455	Rouville	Quebec	Orange	-1.0
1203	Digby	Nova Scotia	Orange	-1.0
3502	Prescott and Russell	Ontario	Orange	-1.2
6105	Region 5	Northwest Territories	Orange	-1.4
2483	La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau	Quebec	Orange	-1.5
6208	Kitikmeot	Nunavut	Orange	-1.5
3559	Rainy River	Ontario	Orange	-1.6
4605	Division No. 5	Manitoba	Orange	-1.7
1207	Kings	Nova Scotia	Orange	-1.7
1103	Prince	Prince Edward Island	Orange	-1.9
1211	Cumberland	Nova Scotia	Orange	-2.1
3553	Greater Sudbury / Grand Sudbury	Ontario	Orange	-2.1
1214	Antigonish	Nova Scotia	Orange	-2.2
2491	Le Domaine-du-Roy	Quebec	Orange	-2.3
2489	La Vallée-de-l'Or	Quebec	Orange	-2.3
3560	Kenora	Ontario	Orange	-2.5
3501	Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry	Ontario	Orange	-2.6
2487	Abitibi-Ouest	Quebec	Orange	-2.6
5941	Cariboo	British Columbia	Orange	-2.7
2493	Lac-Saint-Jean-Est	Quebec	Orange	-2.8
1305	Kings	New Brunswick	Orange	-2.9
2405	Bonaventure	Quebec	Orange	-2.9
1303	Sunbury	New Brunswick	Orange	-3.0
1313	Madawaska	New Brunswick	Orange	-3.1
4801	Division No. 1	Alberta	Orange	-3.2
4616	Division No. 16	Manitoba	Orange	-3.3
2408	Matane	Quebec	Orange	-3.3
4815	Division No. 15	Alberta	Orange	-3.4
1217	Cape Breton	Nova Scotia	Orange	-3.4
1309	Northumberland	New Brunswick	Orange	-3.5
1308	Kent	New Brunswick	Orange	-3.5
1311	Carleton	New Brunswick	Orange	-3.6
2407	La Matapédia	Quebec	Orange	-3.6
2441	Le Haut-Saint-François	Quebec	Orange	-3.7
1007	Division No. 7	Newfoundland and Labrador	Orange	-3.7
4715	Division No. 15	Saskatchewan	Orange	-3.7
1201	Shelburne	Nova Scotia	Orange	-3.8
5903	Central Kootenay	British Columbia	Orange	-3.8
2413	Témiscouata	Quebec	Orange	-3.8
5915	Greater Vancouver	British Columbia	Orange	-3.9
2494	Le Saguenay-et-son-Fjord	Quebec	Orange	-4.0
3554	Timiskaming	Ontario	Orange	-4.0
1004	Division No. 4	Newfoundland and Labrador	Orange	-4.1
5901	East Kootenay	British Columbia	Orange	-4.2
4603	Division No. 3	Manitoba	Orange	-4.2
4709	Division No. 9	Saskatchewan	Orange	-4.3
2414	Kamouraska	Quebec	Orange	-4.4
4708	Division No. 8	Saskatchewan	Orange	-4.5
2492	Maria-Chapdelaine	Quebec	Orange	-4.5
1204	Queens	Nova Scotia	Orange	-4.5
3519	York	Ontario	Orange	-4.6
1212	Pictou	Nova Scotia	Orange	-4.6
1315	Gloucester	New Brunswick	Orange	-4.7
1314	Restigouche	New Brunswick	Orange	-4.7
4620	Division No. 20	Manitoba	Orange	-4.8
1208	Hants	Nova Scotia	Orange	-4.8
6101	Region 1	Northwest Territories	Orange	-4.9
1312	Victoria	New Brunswick	Orange	-5.0
1002	Division No. 2	Newfoundland and Labrador	Orange	-5.2
4606	Division No. 6	Manitoba	Orange	-5.3
1304	Queens	New Brunswick	Orange	-5.7
1202	Yarmouth	Nova Scotia	Orange	-5.8
2403	La Côte-de-Gaspé	Quebec	Orange	-5.8
2448	Acton	Quebec	Orange	-5.8
4608	Division No. 8	Manitoba	Orange	-5.9
1215	Inverness	Nova Scotia	Orange	-6.0
4819	Division No. 19	Alberta	Orange	-6.1
4810	Division No. 10	Alberta	Orange	-6.2
4809	Division No. 9	Alberta	Orange	-6.4
4717	Division No. 17	Saskatchewan	Orange	-6.7
2488	Abitibi	Quebec	Orange	-6.8
4621	Division No. 21	Manitoba	Orange	-6.8
1302	Charlotte	New Brunswick	Orange	-6.8
5947	Skeena-Queen Charlotte	British Columbia	Orange	-6.9
3521	Peel	Ontario	Orange	-7.2
4716	Division No. 16	Saskatchewan	Orange	-7.2
4617	Division No. 17	Manitoba	Orange	-7.3
4807	Division No. 7	Alberta	Orange	-7.4
2499	Nord-du-Québec	Quebec	Orange	-7.4
2485	Témiscamingue	Quebec	Orange	-7.5
4702	Division No. 2	Saskatchewan	Orange	-7.6
4813	Division No. 13	Alberta	Orange	-7.6
5951	Bulkley-Nechako	British Columbia	Orange	-7.8
4814	Division No. 14	Alberta	Orange	-7.9
1008	Division No. 8	Newfoundland and Labrador	Orange	-7.9
2495	La Haute-Côte-Nord	Quebec	Orange	-7.9
2404	La Haute-Gaspésie	Quebec	Orange	-8.1
3556	Cochrane	Ontario	Orange	-8.4
2466	Montréal	Quebec	Orange	-8.5
2415	Charlevoix-Est	Quebec	Orange	-8.6
1218	Victoria	Nova Scotia	Orange	-8.7
5943	Mount Waddington	British Columbia	Orange	-8.7
5949	Kitimat-Stikine	British Columbia	Orange	-9.4
4812	Division No. 12	Alberta	Orange	-9.7
1010	Division No. 10	Newfoundland and Labrador	Orange	-9.7
1216	Richmond	Nova Scotia	Orange	-9.7
3520	Toronto	Ontario	Orange	-9.9
1101	Kings	Prince Edward Island	Orange	-9.9
4622	Division No. 22	Manitoba	Red	-10.0
4623	Division No. 23	Manitoba	Red	-10.0
1009	Division No. 9	Newfoundland and Labrador	Red	-10.1
4804	Division No. 4	Alberta	Red	-10.4
1011	Division No. 11	Newfoundland and Labrador	Red	-10.7
2490	La Tuque	Quebec	Red	-11.0
4714	Division No. 14	Saskatchewan	Red	-11.1
4701	Division No. 1	Saskatchewan	Red	-11.1
4718	Division No. 18	Saskatchewan	Red	-11.1
4705	Division No. 5	Saskatchewan	Red	-11.7
4713	Division No. 13	Saskatchewan	Red	-12.1
1213	Guysborough	Nova Scotia	Red	-12.5
4615	Division No. 15	Manitoba	Red	-12.8
1003	Division No. 3	Newfoundland and Labrador	Red	-12.9
2498	Minganie--Le Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent	Quebec	Red	-13.3
4703	Division No. 3	Saskatchewan	Red	-13.5
4710	Division No. 10	Saskatchewan	Red	-14.5
6102	Region 2	Northwest Territories	Red	-15.2
5955	Peace River	British Columbia	Red	-15.2
4817	Division No. 17	Alberta	Red	-15.2
3552	Sudbury	Ontario	Red	-15.4
4619	Division No. 19	Manitoba	Red	-16.1
2496	Manicouagan	Quebec	Red	-16.6
5957	Stikine	British Columbia	Red	-17.8
2497	Sept-Rivières--Caniapiscau	Quebec	Red	-18.5
4818	Division No. 18	Alberta	Red	-19.4
6103	Region 3	Northwest Territories	Red	-23.8
5959	Northern Rockies	British Columbia	Red	-25.2
4816	Division No. 16	Alberta	Red	-38.7
Source: Statistics Canada, Demography Division.

Description for Map 3

Data table for Map 3
Net interprovincial migration rates (per thousand), by census division, 2015/2016
Table summary
This table displays the results of Net interprovincial migration rates (per thousand). The information is grouped by Census division code (appearing as row headers), Census division name, Province, Colour on map and Rate (per thousand) (appearing as column headers).

Census division code	Census division name	Province	Colour on map	Rate (per thousand)
5939	Columbia-Shuswap	British Columbia	Dark green	14.2
5935	Central Okanagan	British Columbia	Dark green	14.0
5907	Okanagan-Similkameen	British Columbia	Dark green	11.5
5921	Nanaimo	British Columbia	Dark green	11.3
5937	North Okanagan	British Columbia	Dark green	11.1
5903	Central Kootenay	British Columbia	Dark green	10.8
5917	Capital	British Columbia	Dark green	10.1
4703	Division No. 3	Saskatchewan	Dark green	10.0
5924	Strathcona	British Columbia	Light green	9.5
5931	Squamish-Lillooet	British Columbia	Light green	9.4
5926	Comox Valley	British Columbia	Light green	8.6
5905	Kootenay Boundary	British Columbia	Light green	8.0
5929	Sunshine Coast	British Columbia	Light green	8.0
1201	Shelburne	Nova Scotia	Light green	7.9
5919	Cowichan Valley	British Columbia	Light green	7.8
5927	Powell River	British Columbia	Light green	7.5
6001	Yukon	Yukon Territory	Light green	7.3
5945	Central Coast	British Columbia	Light green	7.3
1213	Guysborough	Nova Scotia	Light green	7.2
5901	East Kootenay	British Columbia	Light green	6.6
5923	Alberni-Clayoquot	British Columbia	Light green	6.0
1202	Yarmouth	Nova Scotia	Light green	5.9
5943	Mount Waddington	British Columbia	Light green	5.7
5933	Thompson-Nicola	British Columbia	Light green	5.6
1009	Division No. 9	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	5.4
5947	Skeena-Queen Charlotte	British Columbia	Light green	4.9
1008	Division No. 8	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	4.7
1007	Division No. 7	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	4.6
1215	Inverness	Nova Scotia	Light green	4.5
6103	Region 3	Northwest Territories	Light green	4.5
5909	Fraser Valley	British Columbia	Light green	4.4
1216	Richmond	Nova Scotia	Light green	4.2
1205	Annapolis	Nova Scotia	Light green	4.2
1101	Kings	Prince Edward Island	Light green	4.1
1006	Division No. 6	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	3.9
1302	Charlotte	New Brunswick	Light green	3.9
1203	Digby	Nova Scotia	Light green	3.9
1204	Queens	Nova Scotia	Light green	3.9
5915	Greater Vancouver	British Columbia	Light green	3.6
5941	Cariboo	British Columbia	Light green	3.4
3506	Ottawa	Ontario	Light green	3.3
5949	Kitimat-Stikine	British Columbia	Light green	3.2
6102	Region 2	Northwest Territories	Light green	2.9
5953	Fraser-Fort George	British Columbia	Light green	2.8
4618	Division No. 18	Manitoba	Light green	2.7
1206	Lunenburg	Nova Scotia	Light green	2.5
3501	Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry	Ontario	Light green	2.4
1004	Division No. 4	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	2.2
5951	Bulkley-Nechako	British Columbia	Light green	2.2
4815	Division No. 15	Alberta	Light green	2.2
4606	Division No. 6	Manitoba	Light green	2.0
3520	Toronto	Ontario	Light green	1.9
3510	Frontenac	Ontario	Light green	1.8
1308	Kent	New Brunswick	Light green	1.8
1002	Division No. 2	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	1.7
4704	Division No. 4	Saskatchewan	Light green	1.7
1312	Victoria	New Brunswick	Light green	1.4
3546	Haliburton	Ontario	Light green	1.4
3502	Prescott and Russell	Ontario	Light green	1.2
1003	Division No. 3	Newfoundland and Labrador	Light green	1.2
3559	Rainy River	Ontario	Light green	1.2
4803	Division No. 3	Alberta	Light green	1.1
3552	Sudbury	Ontario	Light green	1.1
1315	Gloucester	New Brunswick	Light green	1.0
1210	Colchester	Nova Scotia	Grey	0.9
2480	Papineau	Quebec	Grey	0.9
1103	Prince	Prince Edward Island	Grey	0.8
2401	Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine	Quebec	Grey	0.8
3521	Peel	Ontario	Grey	0.8
1309	Northumberland	New Brunswick	Grey	0.7
1212	Pictou	Nova Scotia	Grey	0.7
2416	Charlevoix	Quebec	Grey	0.7
4601	Division No. 1	Manitoba	Grey	0.6
3539	Middlesex	Ontario	Grey	0.6
3509	Lanark	Ontario	Grey	0.6
3530	Waterloo	Ontario	Grey	0.6
3534	Elgin	Ontario	Grey	0.5
2440	Les Sources	Quebec	Grey	0.5
2411	Les Basques	Quebec	Grey	0.5
2482	Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais	Quebec	Grey	0.4
2433	Lotbinière	Quebec	Grey	0.4
2413	Témiscouata	Quebec	Grey	0.4
3524	Halton	Ontario	Grey	0.4
2417	L'Islet	Quebec	Grey	0.3
3537	Essex	Ontario	Grey	0.3
4714	Division No. 14	Saskatchewan	Grey	0.3
3519	York	Ontario	Grey	0.3
3538	Lambton	Ontario	Grey	0.3
1209	Halifax	Nova Scotia	Grey	0.2
3536	Chatham-Kent	Ontario	Grey	0.2
2488	Abitibi	Quebec	Grey	0.2
1314	Restigouche	New Brunswick	Grey	0.2
3512	Hastings	Ontario	Grey	0.2
2427	Robert-Cliche	Quebec	Grey	0.2
4608	Division No. 8	Manitoba	Grey	0.2
2402	Le Rocher-Percé	Quebec	Grey	0.2
3525	Hamilton	Ontario	Grey	0.2
1211	Cumberland	Nova Scotia	Grey	0.2
2435	Mékinac	Quebec	Grey	0.2
2408	Matane	Quebec	Grey	0.1
2474	Mirabel	Quebec	Grey	0.1
2453	Pierre-De Saurel	Quebec	Grey	0.1
3544	Muskoka	Ontario	Grey	0.1
4610	Division No. 10	Manitoba	Grey	0.1
2492	Maria-Chapdelaine	Quebec	Grey	0.1
3551	Manitoulin	Ontario	Grey	0.1
2410	Rimouski-Neigette	Quebec	Grey	0.1
2479	Antoine-Labelle	Quebec	Grey	0.1
2455	Rouville	Quebec	Grey	0.0
2404	La Haute-Gaspésie	Quebec	Grey	0.0
2490	La Tuque	Quebec	Grey	0.0
3542	Grey	Ontario	Grey	0.0
3507	Leeds and Grenville	Ontario	Grey	0.0
1005	Division No. 5	Newfoundland and Labrador	Grey	0.0
4617	Division No. 17	Manitoba	Grey	0.0
2436	Shawinigan	Quebec	Grey	-0.1
2491	Le Domaine-du-Roy	Quebec	Grey	-0.1
2468	Les Jardins-de-Napierville	Quebec	Grey	-0.1
3523	Wellington	Ontario	Grey	-0.1
2409	La Mitis	Quebec	Grey	-0.1
2429	Beauce-Sartigan	Quebec	Grey	-0.1
3553	Greater Sudbury / Grand Sudbury	Ontario	Grey	-0.1
3541	Bruce	Ontario	Grey	-0.1
2477	Les Pays-d'en-Haut	Quebec	Grey	-0.1
2457	La Vallée-du-Richelieu	Quebec	Grey	-0.1
2493	Lac-Saint-Jean-Est	Quebec	Grey	-0.1
2434	Portneuf	Quebec	Grey	-0.1
2460	L'Assomption	Quebec	Grey	-0.1
2430	Le Granit	Quebec	Grey	-0.1
2439	Arthabaska	Quebec	Grey	-0.2
2456	Le Haut-Richelieu	Quebec	Grey	-0.2
2405	Bonaventure	Quebec	Grey	-0.2
3532	Oxford	Ontario	Grey	-0.2
4609	Division No. 9	Manitoba	Grey	-0.2
2450	Nicolet-Yamaska	Quebec	Grey	-0.2
2412	Rivière-du-Loup	Quebec	Grey	-0.2
2426	La Nouvelle-Beauce	Quebec	Grey	-0.2
2442	Le Val-Saint-François	Quebec	Grey	-0.3
2495	La Haute-Côte-Nord	Quebec	Grey	-0.3
2451	Maskinongé	Quebec	Grey	-0.3
1207	Kings	Nova Scotia	Grey	-0.3
2463	Montcalm	Quebec	Grey	-0.3
2448	Acton	Quebec	Grey	-0.3
2425	Lévis	Quebec	Grey	-0.3
4712	Division No. 12	Saskatchewan	Grey	-0.3
2486	Rouyn-Noranda	Quebec	Grey	-0.3
2496	Manicouagan	Quebec	Grey	-0.4
2462	Matawinie	Quebec	Grey	-0.4
1208	Hants	Nova Scotia	Grey	-0.4
2499	Nord-du-Québec	Quebec	Grey	-0.4
2478	Les Laurentides	Quebec	Grey	-0.4
4709	Division No. 9	Saskatchewan	Grey	-0.4
2428	Les Etchemins	Quebec	Grey	-0.4
4604	Division No. 4	Manitoba	Grey	-0.4
2418	Montmagny	Quebec	Grey	-0.4
2415	Charlevoix-Est	Quebec	Grey	-0.4
3549	Parry Sound	Ontario	Grey	-0.4
2447	La Haute-Yamaska	Quebec	Grey	-0.4
3529	Brant	Ontario	Grey	-0.5
2452	D'Autray	Quebec	Grey	-0.5
2459	Lajemmerais	Quebec	Grey	-0.5
3516	Kawartha Lakes	Ontario	Grey	-0.5
2470	Beauharnois-Salaberry	Quebec	Grey	-0.5
2437	Francheville	Quebec	Grey	-0.5
2414	Kamouraska	Quebec	Grey	-0.5
3560	Kenora	Ontario	Grey	-0.5
2438	Bécancour	Quebec	Grey	-0.5
2497	Sept-Rivières--Caniapiscau	Quebec	Grey	-0.5
2419	Bellechasse	Quebec	Grey	-0.5
2454	Les Maskoutains	Quebec	Grey	-0.5
4802	Division No. 2	Alberta	Grey	-0.5
1214	Antigonish	Nova Scotia	Grey	-0.6
2489	La Vallée-de-l'Or	Quebec	Grey	-0.6
3548	Nipissing	Ontario	Grey	-0.6
2441	Le Haut-Saint-François	Quebec	Grey	-0.6
1304	Queens	New Brunswick	Grey	-0.6
2445	Memphrémagog	Quebec	Grey	-0.6
2469	Le Haut-Saint-Laurent	Quebec	Grey	-0.6
4715	Division No. 15	Saskatchewan	Grey	-0.6
3557	Algoma	Ontario	Grey	-0.6
2487	Abitibi-Ouest	Quebec	Grey	-0.6
2464	Les Moulins	Quebec	Grey	-0.6
2449	Drummond	Quebec	Grey	-0.7
2432	L'Érable	Quebec	Grey	-0.7
2494	Le Saguenay-et-son-Fjord	Quebec	Grey	-0.7
3540	Huron	Ontario	Grey	-0.7
3513	Prince Edward	Ontario	Grey	-0.7
2407	La Matapédia	Quebec	Grey	-0.7
2473	Thérèse-De Blainville	Quebec	Grey	-0.7
3515	Peterborough	Ontario	Grey	-0.7
2446	Brome-Missisquoi	Quebec	Grey	-0.7
2431	Les Appalaches	Quebec	Grey	-0.7
3526	Niagara	Ontario	Grey	-0.8
2461	Joliette	Quebec	Grey	-0.8
2444	Coaticook	Quebec	Grey	-0.8
2475	La Rivière-du-Nord	Quebec	Grey	-0.8
4619	Division No. 19	Manitoba	Grey	-0.8
1102	Queens	Prince Edward Island	Grey	-0.9
3511	Lennox and Addington	Ontario	Grey	-0.9
3518	Durham	Ontario	Grey	-0.9
1001	Division No. 1	Newfoundland and Labrador	Orange	-1.0
3547	Renfrew	Ontario	Orange	-1.0
3556	Cochrane	Ontario	Orange	-1.0
3543	Simcoe	Ontario	Orange	-1.0
3531	Perth	Ontario	Orange	-1.0
1306	Albert	New Brunswick	Orange	-1.1
4716	Division No. 16	Saskatchewan	Orange	-1.1
2467	Roussillon	Quebec	Orange	-1.1
4718	Division No. 18	Saskatchewan	Orange	-1.1
1313	Madawaska	New Brunswick	Orange	-1.1
2483	La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau	Quebec	Orange	-1.2
2421	La Côte-de-Beaupré	Quebec	Orange	-1.2
2472	Deux-Montagnes	Quebec	Orange	-1.2
6104	Region 4	Northwest Territories	Orange	-1.2
1217	Cape Breton	Nova Scotia	Orange	-1.2
1303	Sunbury	New Brunswick	Orange	-1.2
3528	Haldimand-Norfolk	Ontario	Orange	-1.3
4614	Division No. 14	Manitoba	Orange	-1.3
2485	Témiscamingue	Quebec	Orange	-1.3
2465	Laval	Quebec	Orange	-1.3
2423	Québec	Quebec	Orange	-1.4
3514	Northumberland	Ontario	Orange	-1.5
2476	Argenteuil	Quebec	Orange	-1.5
4605	Division No. 5	Manitoba	Orange	-1.5
4705	Division No. 5	Saskatchewan	Orange	-1.5
4622	Division No. 22	Manitoba	Orange	-1.5
4710	Division No. 10	Saskatchewan	Orange	-1.6
1218	Victoria	Nova Scotia	Orange	-1.6
4602	Division No. 2	Manitoba	Orange	-1.6
3558	Thunder Bay	Ontario	Orange	-1.7
2403	La Côte-de-Gaspé	Quebec	Orange	-1.7
4613	Division No. 13	Manitoba	Orange	-1.7
1307	Westmorland	New Brunswick	Orange	-1.7
2458	Longueuil	Quebec	Orange	-1.8
2443	Sherbrooke	Quebec	Orange	-1.8
4707	Division No. 7	Saskatchewan	Orange	-1.9
2406	Avignon	Quebec	Orange	-2.0
4811	Division No. 11	Alberta	Orange	-2.1
1311	Carleton	New Brunswick	Orange	-2.1
2481	Gatineau	Quebec	Orange	-2.1
4805	Division No. 5	Alberta	Orange	-2.2
1305	Kings	New Brunswick	Orange	-2.3
6208	Kitikmeot	Nunavut	Orange	-2.4
3522	Dufferin	Ontario	Orange	-2.5
3554	Timiskaming	Ontario	Orange	-2.6
4801	Division No. 1	Alberta	Orange	-2.6
2471	Vaudreuil-Soulanges	Quebec	Orange	-2.7
4603	Division No. 3	Manitoba	Orange	-2.7
4612	Division No. 12	Manitoba	Orange	-2.7
2466	Montréal	Quebec	Orange	-2.8
1011	Division No. 11	Newfoundland and Labrador	Orange	-3.0
4817	Division No. 17	Alberta	Orange	-3.1
4806	Division No. 6	Alberta	Orange	-3.2
4702	Division No. 2	Saskatchewan	Orange	-3.2
2422	La Jacques-Cartier	Quebec	Orange	-3.2
4607	Division No. 7	Manitoba	Orange	-3.3
2498	Minganie--Le Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent	Quebec	Orange	-3.3
6106	Region 6	Northwest Territories	Orange	-3.5
4813	Division No. 13	Alberta	Orange	-3.6
1301	Saint John	New Brunswick	Orange	-3.7
4623	Division No. 23	Manitoba	Orange	-3.7
2420	L'Île-d'Orléans	Quebec	Orange	-3.9
4809	Division No. 9	Alberta	Orange	-4.1
4807	Division No. 7	Alberta	Orange	-4.4
4711	Division No. 11	Saskatchewan	Orange	-4.4
4812	Division No. 12	Alberta	Orange	-4.6
5955	Peace River	British Columbia	Orange	-4.6
6205	Keewatin	Nunavut	Orange	-4.7
4708	Division No. 8	Saskatchewan	Orange	-4.8
2484	Pontiac	Quebec	Orange	-4.8
4620	Division No. 20	Manitoba	Orange	-4.9
4621	Division No. 21	Manitoba	Orange	-4.9
4706	Division No. 6	Saskatchewan	Orange	-4.9
4611	Division No. 11	Manitoba	Orange	-5.1
1310	York	New Brunswick	Orange	-5.3
4808	Division No. 8	Alberta	Orange	-5.3
1010	Division No. 10	Newfoundland and Labrador	Orange	-5.7
4616	Division No. 16	Manitoba	Orange	-5.9
4810	Division No. 10	Alberta	Orange	-6.1
6204	Baffin	Nunavut	Orange	-6.9
4713	Division No. 13	Saskatchewan	Orange	-7.3
4804	Division No. 4	Alberta	Orange	-8.2
4701	Division No. 1	Saskatchewan	Orange	-9.5
4615	Division No. 15	Manitoba	Orange	-9.8
4814	Division No. 14	Alberta	Red	-10.6
6101	Region 1	Northwest Territories	Red	-11.9
4717	Division No. 17	Saskatchewan	Red	-12.7
4819	Division No. 19	Alberta	Red	-12.9
4818	Division No. 18	Alberta	Red	-14.5
6105	Region 5	Northwest Territories	Red	-15.4
5959	Northern Rockies	British Columbia	Red	-21.0
4816	Division No. 16	Alberta	Red	-25.4
5957	Stikine	British Columbia	Red	-27.8
Source: Statistics Canada, Demography Division.

As Table 3 shows, the Mirabel CD (Quebec) had the largest internal migration rate in Canada for 2015/2016 (+21.4 per thousand) – primarily due to an intraprovincial migration rate of 21.3 per thousand, the second highest in Canada. A majority of the intraprovincial migration for Mirabel came from the nearby suburban CDs of Thérèse-De Blainville and Laval, which are located halfway between Montréal and Mirabel. The neighbouring British Columbia CDs of Central Okanagan (+20.3 per thousand) and Okanagan-Similkameen (+19.4 per thousand) had the second and third largest internal migration rates over the same period. These two CDs benefited from having the second and third largest interprovincial migration rates in the country, behind the Columbia-Shuswap CD (British Columbia) which borders with Alberta. The Ontario CD of Dufferin had the fourth largest internal migration rate at 19.3 per thousand. This CD had the largest intraprovincial migration rate in the country (+21.8 per thousand), which predominantly came from the Peel CD, located halfway between the country’s most populated CD of Toronto and Dufferin. The fifth largest internal migration rate in 2015/2016 was the Nanaimo CD (+19.0 per thousand).

On the contrary, the Division No. 16 CD (Wood Buffalo, Alberta) had the lowest internal migration rate in the country in 2015/2016 (-64.0 per thousand). This was due to both the lowest intraprovincial migration rate (-38.7 per thousand) and second smallest interprovincial migration rate (-25.4 per thousand) in Canada. This migration out of Division No. 16 CD coincided with the rising unemployment in Alberta beginning in 2015, which reached a peak at the end of 2016 (Statistics Canada, 2017), as well as the Fort McMurray wildfires in 2016 (Statistics Canada, 2017). The British Columbia CDs of Northern Rockies (-46.2 per thousand) and Stikine (-45.6 per thousand) had the second and third smallest internal migration rates. The Division No. 18 CD (Greenview No. 16, Alberta) had the fourth lowest rate (-33.9 per thousand), while Division No. 15 (Neepawa, Manitoba) had the fifth smallest rate (-22.6 per thousand) in the country. The negative net internal migration rates for these four CDs were also due to the combined losses of both intraprovincial and interprovincial migration.

Of the country’s three largest CDs – Toronto, Greater Vancouver and Montréal – only Greater Vancouver did not record a considerable loss through internal migration in 2015/2016. However, all three of these CDs incurred losses of persons through intraprovincial migration, predominantly to their surrounding more suburban CDs. The Greater Vancouver CD’s internal migration was virtually null (-0.3 per thousand), with intraprovincial migration (-3.9 per thousand) offset by interprovincial migration (+3.6 per thousand). In contrast, internal migration in both the Montréal CD (-11.4 per thousand) and Toronto CD (-7.9 per thousand) were negative over the same period. Montréal’s negative internal migration rate was a combination of losses through intraprovincial (-8.5 per thousand) and interprovincial migration (-2.8 per thousand). Positive interprovincial migration (+1.9 per thousand) in Toronto could not offset the losses incurred through intraprovincial migration (-9.9 per thousand).

According to this analysis, the long-term migratory trend of urban spread persisted in 2015/2016. As Table 4 shows, all 10 of the largest flows expressed in net rates between census divisions originated from one of the three largest CDs (or their neighbouring CDs), and were directed towards their suburban areas. 6 of the 10 largest net flows between census divisions came from Toronto or one of its three direct neighbouring CDs – Peel, Durham and York. The largest net flow was 27.0 per thousand from Peel to Dufferin. The second and third largest net flows between CDs were from Greater Vancouver to its neighbouring CDs of Fraser Valley (+15.2 per thousand) and Squamish-Lillooet (+14.5 per thousand). The only net flow among the 10 largest in the country from the Montréal CD was to the neighbouring Vaudreuil-Soulanges CD (+10.1 per thousand), the ninth largest in the country.

Overview of the 2016/2017 period

Start of text box

The analysis in this section is based on preliminary data. These data will be revised over the coming years, and it is possible that some trends described in this section will change as a result of these revisions. Therefore, this section should be interpreted with caution.

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The preliminary estimates for the 2016/2017 period that were released in September 2017 indicated that interprovincial migration in Canada was up by nearly 10,000 from the previous year, for a total of 286,932 migrants. This preliminary data shows that the interprovincial migration rate was 7.9 per thousand, a slight increase from the rate of 7.7 per thousand in 2015/2016.

Net interprovincial migration for 2016/2017 was the largest in Ontario and British Columbia. In Ontario, which had its first positive net interprovincial migration since 2002/2003 in 2015/2016, had 25,689 net interprovincial migrants for 2016/2017. This preliminary estimate would be the largest positive net interprovincial migration for the province since 1987/1988 (+35,215), and would also be the largest in the country for 2016/2017. Over the same period, British Columbia posted an annual net interprovincial migration estimate of 16,163. Despite having the second largest net interprovincial migration for 2016/2017, interprovincial migration in the province was down by more than 10,000 when compared with 2015/2016. The only other province that recorded positive net interprovincial migration for the preliminary 2016/2017 estimates was Nova Scotia (+645).

The net interprovincial migration loss of -15,108 in Alberta in 2015/2016 remained essentially the same at -15,131 for 2016/2017. Alberta had the largest loss through interprovincial migration for a second consecutive year. Nonetheless, preliminary estimates for the third and fourth quarters of 2017 indicated recent trends may have tempered, as the province recorded moderate gains in net interprovincial migration of 1,045 from July to December 2017. In comparison, the net interprovincial migration estimate for the second half of 2016 was -7,275. These third and fourth quarter estimates of 2017 coincide with Alberta’s improved labour market conditions over the same period, in which the province’s unemployment rate fell from 7.8% in July 2017 to 7.0% in December 2017 (Statistics Canada 2018).

For a second consecutive year, Quebec trailed Alberta for the largest negative net interprovincial migration, at -10,759. The other net interprovincial migration losses observed among the provinces for 2016/2017 were in Manitoba (-6,906), Saskatchewan (-5,615), Newfoundland and Labrador (-1,954), New Brunswick (-849) and Prince Edward Island (-436).

Summary

Interprovincial migration is an integral component of population growth, particularly in Western Canada. Historically, Alberta and British Columbia have been the main beneficiaries of this migration. While British Columbia characteristically had positive net interprovincial migration in 2015/2016, with the weakening of oil prices that affected Alberta’s labour market beginning at the end of 2014 and continued into 2016, Alberta recorded its first negative net interprovincial migration since 2009/2010 (and second since 1994/1995). Typically recording positive net flows with most provinces, Alberta had a negative net flow with all of the Atlantic provinces, Ontario and British Columbia. With this exchange, the Atlantic provinces (except for New Brunswick) and Ontario (for the first time since 2002/2003) registered gains in net interprovincial migration for 2015/2016.

Another prominent trend in 2015/2016 was the net internal migration from one of the three largest CDs (or in Toronto’s case, also its direct neighbouring CDs) to the surrounding more suburban CDs. Toronto, Greater Vancouver and Montréal all recorded losses through intraprovincial migration. Most of the 10 largest net internal migration rates over this period were to CDs located near one of the three largest CDs or near one of their neighbouring CDs.

References

Bourbeau, E. and A. Fields. 2017. Annual review of the labour market, 2016, Labour Statistics, Research Paper Series 75-004-M, Statistics Canada, Ottawa.

Finnie, R. 2000. Who Moves? A Panel Logit Model Analysis of Inter-provincial Migration in Canada, Analytical Studies Branch, Statistics Canada, Ottawa.

Statistics Canada. 2017. Infographic: Fort McMurray 2016 Wildfire – Economic Impact.

Statistics Canada. 2017. Labour Force Survey, March 2017.

Statistics Canada. 2018. CANSIM Table 282-0087 - Labour Force Survey (LFS) estimates.