Table 8-5
Business enterprise research and development personnel — By field of science or technology

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Business enterprise research and development personnel — By field of science or technology
	2012 ^r	2013 ^p
	number
Total	139,462 ^A	132,331 ^A
Natural and formal sciences	16,559 ^A	14,480 ^A
Mathematics	532 ^A	457 ^A
Computer and information sciences	9,462 ^A	7,584 ^A
Physical sciences	1,131 ^A	1,261 ^A
Chemical sciences	2,639 ^A	2,466 ^A
Earth and related environmental sciences	1,159 ^B	1,231 ^A
Biological sciences	1,543 ^A	1,388 ^A
Other natural sciences	93 ^A	92 ^A
Engineering and technology	108,767 ^A	103,555 ^A
Civil engineering	1,355 ^A	1,008 ^A
Software engineering	30,282 ^A	29,011 ^A
Electrical engineering, electronic engineering and information technology	29,101 ^A	27,459 ^A
Mechanical engineering	22,375 ^A	17,884 ^A
Chemical engineering	2,749 ^A	2,722 ^A
Materials engineering	7,053 ^A	5,902 ^A
Medical engineering	756 ^A	719 ^A
Environmental engineering	2,409 ^A	2,375 ^A
Environmental biotechnology	176 ^B	161 ^A
Industrial biotechnology	703 ^B	359 ^A
Nano-technology	147 ^A	122 ^A
Other engineering and technologies	11,662 ^A	15,834 ^A
Medical and health sciences	11,039 ^A	11,000 ^A
Basic medicine	3,524 ^A	3,650 ^A
Clinical medicine	1,987 ^A	1,666 ^A
Health sciences	979 ^B	1,079 ^A
Medical biotechnology	2,208 ^A	2,296 ^A
Other medical sciences	2,341 ^A	2,308 ^A
Agricultural sciences	3,097 ^A	3,297 ^A
Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries	1,609 ^A	2,085 ^A
Animal and dairy science	549 ^A	452 ^A
Veterinary science	78 ^C	81 ^A
Agricultural biotechnology	467 ^A	395 ^A
Other agricultural sciences	394 ^A	284 ^A

Note(s):

Components may not add to totals due to rounding. Personnel counts are reported as full-time equivalent.

Date modified:: 2015-11-27

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Table 8-5
Business enterprise research and development personnel — By field of science or technology

Archived Content

Table 8-5Business enterprise research and development personnel — By field of science or technology

Archived Content

Table 8-5
Business enterprise research and development personnel — By field of science or technology