14. Glossary

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Ancillary sub-domains – Ancillary culture sub-domains produce goods and services that are the result of creative artistic activity (e.g. designs, architectural plans), but their primary purpose is not the transmission of an intellectual or culture concept. The final products, which have primarily a practical purpose (e.g. a landscape, a building, an advertisement), are not covered by the Framework definition of culture. See sections 5.3.1 and 6.2.1 for a full discussion of this term.

Annual Survey of Manufactures List of Goods (ASM List of Goods) – The ASM List of Goods is a system for classifying goods manufactured in Canada. It was used for the first time on the 2004 Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) to classify both goods purchased and goods produced by Canadian manufacturers. The ASM List of Goods is to be integrated into the North American Product Classification System (NAPCS), which will be the standard for classifying both goods and services. The ASM List of Goods classifies products according to their industry of origin, that is, where in the economy they are primarily produced, based on the North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS).

Central Product Classification (CPC) – The international (United Nations) standard for classifying goods and services (products) used in the compilation of the System of National Accounts.

CIP – Classification of Instructional Programs.

Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) – is used to classify instructional programs according to field of study. At Statistics Canada, a field of study is defined as a "discipline or area of learning or training". While CIP was specifically designed for the classification of instructional programs, it has also been used to classify courses.

Classification systems – Classificationinvolves grouping data into classes based on some measure of inherent similarity. In the case of statistical classification systems, information categories are created that so that data can be grouped for the purpose of analysis.

Commodities – see Products.

Consumer –is a an individual or household who obtains products or services for personal use and not for manufacture or resale.

Consumption – Traditionally, consumption has been measured by spending behaviour (purchasing, subscribing to, or renting culture equipment and content). For a discussion of the terms consumption, participation and use, see section 5.2.4.

Core sub-domains– Core culture sub-domains produce goods and services that are the result of creative artistic activity and whose main purpose is the transmission of an intellectual or cultural concept. In core sub-domains, the entire creative chain is in scope for the measurement of culture. By illustration, the core sub-domain of Sound Recording includes the work of recording studios, the manufacturing of recordings, the distribution of recorded music through the sale or exchange of recorded media of all kinds, and the use of recorded music by consumers at home and at other venues. The Sound Recording sub-domain represents all industries, products, and occupations defined as sound recording. See sections 5.3.1 and 6.2.1 for a full discussion of this term.

Culture – Creative artistic activity and the goods and services produced by it, and the preservation of heritage.

Culture sector – consists of the culture domains defined in the framework. Six culture domains described in the framework contain core and ancillary sub-domains, along with transversal domains.

Demand – refers to how much, or the quantity, of a good or service is desired by buyers. The quantity demanded is the amount of a product people are willing to buy at a certain price; the relationship between price and quantity demanded is known as the demand relationship. Price, therefore, is a reflection of supply and demand.

Domain – is a category used to group various entities conceptually within the different dimensions of culture measured by the framework. Domains describe or categorize these dimensions, such as industries, products, occupations or instructional programs, but are not defined by any of them. A domain refers to a grouping of things that are alike in purpose or represent the predominant activity undertaken by a group of businesses. In some cases, the categories reflect existing classification systems used to define industries (e.g. film and video) and the industries themselves are highly intertwined. In other cases, the primary goods and services produced are similar in nature and intent (e.g. visual arts, crafts, and photography) but found dispersed across a number of NAICS industries.

Establishment – An establishment, as a statistical unit, is defined as the most homogeneous unit of production for which the business maintains accounting records from which it is possible to assemble all the data elements required to compile the full structure of the gross value of production, the cost of materials and services, and labour and capital used in production.

Final demand – consists of the final sales of products bought by buyers (consumers, industries, exports and government) for both consumption and investment purposes.

Goods – are tangible and intangible objects for which a demand exists, over which ownership rights can be established and whose ownership can be transferred from one institutional unit to another by engaging in transactions on markets.

Industry – an industry is a grouping of establishments according to similarity in the production processes used to produce goods and services. In the NAICS, industries are created by grouping together establishments using the criterion of similarity of output or the criterion of similarity of inputs, processes, skills, and technology used.

Infrastructure – physical infrastructure (e.g. buildings such as theatres, recording studios, etc.) and mediating products (e.g. consumer equipment such as television sets, computers, etc.) are essential for at least one stage of supply in the culture chain. While they provide important support for culture activity, they are not culture products. They may be reported separately as a means of determining their size and impact on the culture sector. Dedicated facilities whose primary function is the provision of space to culture such as museum buildings, heritage sites and buildings, theatres and cinemas are included in their respective sub-domains.

Intermediate inputs – are the purchases of goods and services, by industries and other producing units, for use as inputs into the production of final demand products. Intermediate input is also known as intermediate demand.

NAICS – see North American Industry Classification System.

NAPCS – see North American Product Classification System.

National Occupational Classification for Statistics – NOC-S is based on the National Occupational Classification (NOC), which was developed and is maintained by Human Resources and Social Development Canada (HRSDC). It provides a systematic classification structure to identify and categorize the entire range of occupational activity in Canada. The basic principle of classification of the NOC-S is that of kind of work performed. Occupations are identified and grouped primarily in terms of the work usually performed, this being determined by the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of the occupation.

NOC -S – See National Occupational Classification for Statistics.

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) – is an industry classification system developed by the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico, and the United States. It is designed to provide common definitions of the industrial structure of the three countries and a common statistical framework to facilitate the analysis of the three economies. NAICS is founded on supply-side or production-oriented principles, to ensure that industrial data, classified to NAICS, are suitable for the analysis of production-related issues such as industrial performance. The principle underlying NAICS is that producing units that use similar production processes should be grouped together in the classification (i.e. the industry is based on transformation process, and not products.)

North American Product Classification System (NAPCS) – is a classification that organizes goods and services throughout the economy in a systematic fashion. NAPCS is intended to include products of service and goods producing industries. As of 2011, NAPCS is a provisional list, which represents only the products of selected service-producing industries.

Occupation – a collection of jobs, sufficiently similar in the work performed are grouped under a common title for classification purposes. Occupations are identified and grouped primarily in terms of the work usually performed, this being determined by the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of the occupation.

Participation – Traditionally, participation has been counted as the type and number of participants or time spent (e.g. reading, watching television, visiting carnivals, listening to radio, viewing museum exhibits) actively involved with culture products. For a discussion of the terms consumption, participation and use, see section 5.2.4.

Preservation – refers to activities concerned with maintaining or restoring access to artifacts, documents, and records through the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of decay and damage. In the context of this framework, preservation includes conservation, which is the treatment and repair of individual items in order to slow decay or restore them to a usable state.

Products – a neutral term including both goods and services, which may be referred to as 'commodities'.

SCG – see Standard Classification of Goods.

Services – are not separate entities over which ownership rights can be established and they cannot be traded separately from their production or use. Services involve relationships between producers and consumers, in that a service must be provided to another economic unit.

Social cohesion – is the ongoing process of developing a community of shared values, shared challenges, and equal opportunity as well as the outcome of investments in social and culture programs and in social capital.

Standard Classification of Goods (SCG) – was the standard for classifying goods at Statistics Canada prior to the creation of the NAPCS. The SCG is based upon the international Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS), which makes up the first six digits of the SCG code.

Sub-domain – is a subsidiary of a domain. It is a category used to identify a number of definable related activities, products or occupations that represent a distinct sub-category of a domain. For example, book publishing is a sub-domain in the Written and Published Works domain.

Supply – represents how much the market can offer for a good or service, and the amount of a product that producers are willing to supply when receiving a certain price. The correlation between price and the amount of a product supplied to the market is known as the supply relationship.

Transversal domain – A transversal domain consists of crosscutting activities, products and occupations that support culture and enable the creative chain to function. The activities, products, or occupations in this domain exist because of culture and would not exist without the existence of culture. Most of the activities within these domains are not culture themselves or exclusively culture, but the portions that are considered in scope (e.g. training of culture professionals) will be included in the measurement of culture. The transversal domains are Education and Training and Governance, Financing and Professional Support.

UNESCO – see United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) – "UNESCO's mission is to contribute to the building of peace, the eradication of poverty, sustainable development and intercultural dialogue through education, the sciences, culture, communication and information." (UNESCO.org).

Use – The last stage in the creative chain consists of the 'use' of culture goods and services. The 2004 Framework used the terms 'participation' and 'consumption' in the discussion of final demand for culture products. The term 'use' in this 2011 Framework denotes both participation and consumption of a wide range of activities of individuals and groups with respect to culture products. For a discussion of the terms consumption, participation and use, see section 5.2.4.