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1. Perruccio AV, Power JD, Badley EM. Revisiting arthritis prevalence projections:  it's more than just an aging of the population. Journal of Rheumatology 2006; 33: 1856-62.

2. Kopec JA, Rahman MM, Sayre EC, et al. Trends in physician-diagnosed osteoarthritis incidence in an administrative database in British Columbia, Canada, 1996-1997 through 2003-2004. Arthritis Care and  Research 2008; 59(7): 929-34.

3. Badley EM, Rothman LM, Wang PP. Modeling physical dependence in arthritis:  the relative contribution of specific disabilities and environmental factors. Arthritis Care and Research 1998; 11(5): 335-45.

4. Fautrel B, Hilliquin P, Rozenberg S, et al. Impact of osteoarthritis:  results of a nationwide survey of 10,000 patients consulting for OA. Joint Bone Spine 2005; 72: 235-40.

5. MacKay C, Canizares M, Davis AM, Badley EM. Health care utilization for musculoskeletal disorders. Arthritis Care and Research 2010; 62(2): 161-9.

6. Chorus AM, Miedema HS, Wevers CJ, van Der Linden S. Labor force participation among patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of Rheumatic Diseases 2000; 59: 549–54.

7. Statistics Canada. Healthy People, Healthy Places (Catalogue 82-229) Ottawa: Ministry of Industry, 2010. Available at: http: //www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-229-x/82-229-x2009001-eng.htm. Accessed July 7, 2010.

8. Lagacé C, Perrucio A, Degano C, Nichol M. What is arthritis and how common is it. In:  Public Health Agency of Canada, Arthritis Consumer Experts, Arthritis Community Research & Evaluation Unit, et al. , eds. Life with Arthritis in Canada:  A Personal and Public Health Challenge. Ottawa: Public Health Agency of Canada, 2010.

9. Verbrugge LM, Patrick DL. Seven chronic conditions:  their impact on US adults' activity levels and use of medical services. American Journal of Public Health 1995; 85(2): 173-82.

10. Wang PP, Elsbett-Koeppen R, Geng G, Badley EM. Arthritis prevalence and place of birth:  findings from the 1994 Canadian National Population Health Survey. American Journal of Epidemiology 2000; 152(5): 442-5.

11. Dunlop DD, Manheim LM, Song J, Chang RW. Arthritis prevalence and activity limitations in older adults. Arthritis and Rheumatology 2001; 44(1): 212-21.

12. Badley EM, Ansari H. Arthritis and arthritis-attributable activity limitations in the United States and Canada: A cross-border comparison. Arthritis Care and Research 2010; 62(3): 308-15.

13. Dunlop DD, Semanik P, Song J, et al. Risk factors for functional decline in older adults with arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatology 2005; 52(4): 1274-82.

14. Theis KA, Helmick CG, Hootman JM. Arthritis burden and impact are greater among U.S. women than men: intervention opportunities. Journal of Women's Health 2007; 16(4): 441-53.

15. Louie GH, Ward MM. Sex disparities in self-reported physical functioning:  true differences, reporting bias, or incomplete adjustment for confounding? Journal of the American Geriatric Society 2010; 58: 1117-22.

16. Allaire SH. Gender and disability associated with arthritis: differences and issues. Arthritis and Rheumatism 1996; 9: 435–40.

17. Peek MK, Coward RT. Gender differences in the risk of developing disability among older adults with arthritis. Journal of Aging and Health 1999; 11: 131-50.

18. Dunlop DD, Manheim LM, Sohn MW, et al. Incidence of functional limitation in older adults:  The impact of gender, race, and chronic conditions. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2002; 83: 964-71.

19. Yount KM, Agree EM. Differences in disability among older women and men in Egypt and Tunisia. Demography 2005; 42(1): 169-87.

20. Wilkins K, Park E. Chronic conditions, physical limitations and dependency among seniors living in the community. Health Reports 1996; 8(3): 7-15.

21. Verbrugge LM, Juarez L. Profile of arthritis disability. Public Health Reports 2001, 116(Suppl. 1): 157-79.

22. Gilmour H, Park J. Dependency, chronic conditions and pain in seniors. Health Reports 2005; 16(Suppl.): 21-31.

23. Shih M, Hootman JM, Kruger J, Helmick CG. Physical activity in men and women with arthritis: National Health Interview Survey, 2002. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2006; 30(5): 385-93.

24. Murtagh KN, Hubert HB. Gender differences in physical disability among an elderly cohort. American Journal of Public Health 2004; 94: 1406-11.

25. Statistics Canada. Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada – User Guide. Ottawa:  Statistics Canada, 2009.

26. Ferraro KF, Wilmonth JM. Measuring morbidity: disease counts, binary variables, and statistical power. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences 2000; 55: S173-89.

27. Radner H, Smolen JS, Aletaha D. Impact of comorbidity on physical function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of Rheumatic Diseases 2010; 69: 536-41.

28. Drossaers-Bakker KW, de Buck M, van Zeben D, et al. Long-term course and outcome of functional capacity in rheumatoid arthritis: the effect of disease activity and radiologic damage over time. Arthritis and Rheumatism 1999; 42: 1854-60.

29. Kulminski AM, Culminskaya IV, Ukraintseva SV, et al. Sex-specific health deterioration and mortality: The morbidity-mortality paradox over age and time. Experimental Gerontology 2008, 43(12): 1052-7.

30. Rieker PP, Bird C. Sociological explanations of gender differences in mental and physical health. In: Bird CE, Conrad P, Fremont AM, eds. Handbook of Medical Sociology. Fifth Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2000: 98-113.

31. Zhao G, Ford ES, Li C et al. Disability and its correlates with chronic morbidities among U.S. adults aged 50−<65 years. Preventive Medicine 2009; 48: 117-21.

32. Welsing PMJ, van Gestel AM, Swinkels HL, et al. The relationship between disease activity, joint destruction, and functional capacity over the course of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism 2001; 44(9): 2009-17.

33. Guallar-Castillón P, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Gañán LD, et al. Consumption of alcoholic beverages and subjective health in Spain. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2001; 55: 648-52.

34. Brown AF, Ang A, Pebley AR. The relationship between neighbourhood characteristics and self-rated health for adults with chronic conditions. American Journal of Public Health 2007; 97: 926-32.

35. Reid MC, Van Ness PH, Hawkins KA, et al. Light to moderate alcohol consumption is associated with better cognitive function among older male veterans receiving primary care. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology 2006; 19: 98-105.

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