Custom Education Grouping for Occupation and Major Field of Study Analysis: Technical report

Background

The Canadian Centre for Education Statistics (CCES) has created an education focused custom grouping for major field of study and occupation analysis. This custom grouping addresses stakeholders and public interest in understanding whether postsecondary graduates are employed in occupations related to their field of study and was built with input from both internal occupation and major field of study experts and external occupation experts from Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC).

The custom grouping is not intended to express strict one-to-one relationships between occupation and major field of study. Graduates from any given field of study often work in many different occupations that utilize their skills and training in diverse ways. For this reason, it is generally not analytically valid to attempt to compare major field of study to occupation using binary “job match” concepts in which one or more occupational categories are considered a “match” for a given field of study, and all others are considered a “mismatch”.

By grouping occupations to better illustrate the connections between major field of study and occupation, this custom grouping will generate valuable analytical insights. Providing this custom grouping will also help limit the need for ad-hoc solutions and facilitate the comparability of research projects on the topic.

Methodology

The Custom Education Grouping for Occupation and Major Field of Study Analysis is constructed using the following methods:

1. Occupations in TEER (training, education, experience and responsibility) categories^Note 4 and 5 of the NOC were combined into a separate grouping, because these occupations typically do not require a postsecondary credential and thus were less relevant to the major field of study and occupation comparison. The subgroupings used for these occupations were designed to largely mirror the groupings used for the other occupations.
2. Apart from TEER 4 and 5 occupations, occupations within conceptually similar areas but in different TEER categories were grouped together (for example, in “H Health care” pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, pharmacy technical assistants and pharmacy assistants’ occupations are grouped together in the subgroup “H6 Pharmacy occupations”). This was done because the objective is to facilitate evaluations of whether a person’s job aligns with their field of study, without focusing on training, experience and education requirements. For example, a person with a Bachelor of Education who is working as a teaching assistant is doing work with more connection to their studies than one working as an administrative assistant, even though both those occupations are TEER 3.  Importantly, this custom grouping was not designed to examine issues related to over-qualification.
3. The custom grouping retains the structure of the NOC where consistent with the purpose of comparison to major field of study. The custom grouping resulted in 15 grouping levels, from the 10 standard broad occupational categories (BOC) of the NOC, to better map occupation and major field of study concepts, including one to isolate the TEER 4 and 5 occupations. The four main regroupings were:
   • First, BOC 1 “Business, finance and administration occupations” was split into two new groupings for this custom grouping: “E Business and finance occupations” and “J Administrative occupations”. This was done because if administrative support jobs are considered “job match” for people who studied business programs but not for people who studied other programs, it can distort understanding of the data. This also interferes with accurate gender-based analyses, as empirical data from the 2021 census show that women from many different fields of study are more likely to work in “J Administrative occupations”. For example, 22.53% of women who studied “Legal professions and studies” ended up in “J Administrative occupations” compared to only 5.28% of Men, while the proportion of women and men ending up in “Business and finance occupations” from a “Legal professions and studies” background is much closer together at 8.29% and 7.09% respectively.
     There was a higher degree of subjectivity in this division than in the other major regroupings, particularly the placement of occupations concerned with financial administration (e.g. financial managers, accounting technicians). These were placed in “E Business and finance occupations”, being more consistent with those occupations than with administrative occupations.
   • Second, BOC 4 “Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services” was split into three new groupings for this custom grouping: “B Education occupations”, “D Occupations in social, cultural and government services”, and “I Occupations in legal, law enforcement and public protection services”. The separation of BOC 4 into its principal components makes it easier to analyze, for example, what share of people with a Bachelor of Education are working in education occupations.
   • Third, BOC 5 “Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport” was split into three distinct parts: arts, culture, and recreation and sport. The culture portion (those occupations focused on libraries, museums, galleries, or written communication) was placed in grouping “D Occupations in social, cultural and government services”. Occupations in recreation and sport were placed in grouping “K Managers, supervisors and specialists in sales, services, sports and recreation”, and occupations in arts created “C Arts occupations”. This allows for simpler analysis of what share of people who had major fields of study in CIP primary grouping “Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies” worked in arts occupations.
   • Fourth, BOC 7 “Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations” was split into two new groupings for this custom grouping: “L Skilled trades and related occupations” and “M Managers, supervisors and specialists in transportation and heavy equipment operation”. This simplifies analysis assessing what share of people who studied trades like construction or mechanics/repair were working in the trades, without including other common occupations like truck driving.
     In making these divisions and creating the subgroupings, internal NOC concepts continued to be used as much as possible when practical. The 3-digit sub-major groups and 4-digit minor groups of the standard NOC were particularly useful in this regard. For example, all the occupations in minor group “4002 Managers in education”, sub-major group “412 Professional occupations in education services” and sub-major group “431 Assisting occupations in education” were placed in grouping “B Education occupations”.
4. When specific connections could be identified between a detailed field of study and a particular occupation, the occupation was placed in a grouping consistent with the major field of study grouping in the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021. For example, occupational class “63101 Real estate agents and salespersons” was placed in the grouping “Business and finance occupations”, whereas in the standard NOC it is in BOC 6 “Sales and services”. This was done because the CIP instructional program “52.1501 Real estate” has “real estate sales” as one of its examples and is part of series “52. Business, management, marketing and related support services”. Another example of this is the “L Skilled trades and related occupations” subgroupings “L1 Occupations related to construction trades and building maintenance”, “L2 Occupations in mechanics and repair”, and “L3 Occupations in precision metalworking” which were designed to align as closely as possible with the CIP series “46. Construction trades”, “47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians” and the subseries “48.05 Precision metal working”.
5. The order in which groups A through I of this custom grouping is listed aligns with corresponding primary groupings of the Classification of Instructional Programs 2021. For groupings J through N, which typically did not require a bachelor’s degree or higher, the sequence follows the broad occupational categories found in the standard NOC.

Usage

The Custom Education Grouping for Occupation and Major Field of Study Analysis is intended to allow for combinations of different groupings, subgroupings, and/or unit groups. For example, if a researcher is analyzing people with a bachelor’s degree in engineering, they may wish to use the subgroupings within grouping “F Occupations in natural and applied sciences and architecture”, but only the grouping level for all other occupations. Another use of the custom grouping could be for researchers who wish to select certain unit groups or subgroupings within a grouping that are of particular interest for a certain field of study, while placing the remaining in an “Other” category within a grouping or subgrouping. For example, someone analyzing people with a bachelor’s degree in computer and information science outside of “F Occupations in natural and applied sciences and architecture” might find they want to split “C Arts occupations” into “52111 Graphic arts technicians”, “52120 Graphic designers and illustrators”, and “Other Arts occupations”.

These types of comparisons could provide a better understanding of whether people are working in jobs related to their major field of study, and when combined with demographic information can highlight disparities between different groups of people with the same major field of study and different jobs. The custom grouping could also allow for the creation of new engaging visualizations presenting the complex nature of occupation major field of study relationships. Finally, it could enable better specifications for regression analyses that incorporate occupation.

Structure

The structure of the Custom Education Grouping for Occupation and Major Field of Study Analysis is hierarchical. It is composed of three levels. The first two levels are new: the first consists of 15 groupings (with one-character alphabetical codes), the second of 66 subgroupings (with two-character alphanumeric codes). The third level uses the detailed 5-digit unit groups from NOC 2021 V1.0.

The first two levels are presented below, while the full detail including 5-digit unit groups available in annex A. It will also be accessible on request.

• A Senior private-sector management occupations
  • A1 Senior private-sector management occupations
• B Education occupations
  • B1 Occupations in post-secondary education
  • B2 Occupations in elementary and secondary education
  • B3 Early childhood educators and assistants and other education services
• C Arts occupations
  • C1 Visual arts and related occupations
  • C2 Occupations in performing arts, motion pictures and broadcasting
• D Occupations in social, cultural and government services
  • D1 Occupations in social and community services
  • D2 Occupations in government policy, program administration and social sciences
  • D3 Occupations related to libraries, museums and galleries
  • D4 Writing, translating and related communications professionals
• E Business and finance occupations
  • E1 Accounting and related occupations
  • E2 Occupations in banking, finance, insurance and real estate
  • E3 Occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations
  • E4 Other business services managers and consultants
• F Occupations in natural and applied sciences and architecture
  • F1 Occupations in natural sciences
  • F2 Occupations in architecture and land use
  • F3 Engineering and engineering technology and related occupations
  • F4 Mathematicians, statisticians, actuaries, and data scientists
  • F5 Occupations in computer and information systems
• G Managers, supervisors and specialists in agriculture, veterinary services and natural resources
  • G1 Managers, supervisors and specialists in agriculture, horticulture and landscaping
  • G2 Veterinary occupations
  • G3 Managers, supervisors and specialists in natural resources
• H Health care occupations
  • H1 Managers in health care
  • H2 Physicians
  • H3 Dental health care occupations
  • H4 Optometrists and opticians
  • H5 Nurses
  • H6 Pharmacy occupations
  • H7 Occupations in medical laboratory services and diagnostic imaging
  • H8 Therapy and assessment professionals and technicians
  • H9 Practitioners of natural healing
  • H10 Other health professionals and technicians
  • H11 Health care aides and other health care support occupations
• I Occupations in legal, law enforcement and public protection services
  • I1 Occupations in law and legal services
  • I2 Law enforcement occupations
  • I3 Firefighting occupations
  • I4 Commissioned officers and specialized operations members of the Canadian Forces
• J Administrative occupations
  • J1 Administrative services occupations
  • J2 Human resources occupations
  • J3 Purchasing, procurement and logistics occupations
  • J4 Record management, record-keeping and related occupations
• K Managers, supervisors and specialists in sales, services, sports and recreation
  • K1 Managers, supervisors and specialists in sales
  • K2 Managers, supervisors and specialists in food services
  • K3 Managers and specialists in recreation, sports and fitness
  • K4 Specialized service providers
  • K5 Other service managers and supervisors
• L Skilled trades and related occupations
  • L1 Occupations related to construction trades and building maintenance
  • L2 Occupations in mechanics and repair
  • L3 Occupations in precision metalworking
• M Managers, supervisors and specialists in transportation and heavy equipment operation
  • M1 Managers in transportation and postal and courier services
  • M2 Specialists in air and water transportation
  • M3 Supervisors and specialists in heavy equipment operation
  • M4 Supervisors and specialists in ground transportation and delivery services
• N Managers, supervisors and specialists in manufacturing and utilities
  • N1 Manufacturing managers
  • N2 Managers, supervisors and specialists in petroleum, gas and chemical processing and utilities
  • N3 Supervisors and specialists in non-chemical manufacturing
• O Occupations not typically requiring post-secondary education
  • O1 Support occupations in banking and finance
  • O2 Administrative support and supply chain logistics occupations
  • O3 Support occupations in security and the military
  • O4 Support occupations in sports, recreation, amusement and performance
  • O5 Non-technical sales representatives and sales support occupations
  • O6 Service workers and service support occupations
  • O7 Support and labouring occupations in the trades and public works
  • O8 Support and labouring occupations in transportation and delivery services
  • O9 Workers and labourers in natural resources, agriculture and landscaping
  • O10 Workers and labourers in manufacturing

Annex A

NOC 2021 V1.0 – Custom Grouping for Major Field of Study-Occupation Analysis

• A Senior private-sector management occupations
  • A1 Senior private-sector management occupations
    • 00012 Senior managers - financial, communications and other business services
    • 00013 Senior managers - health, education, social and community services and membership organizations
    • 00014 Senior managers - trade, broadcasting and other services
    • 00015 Senior managers - construction, transportation, production and utilities
• B Education occupations
  • B1 Occupations in post-secondary education
    • 40020 Administrators - post-secondary education and vocational training
    • 41200 University professors and lecturers
    • 41210 College and other vocational instructors
    • 41201 Post-secondary teaching and research assistants
  • B2 Occupations in elementary and secondary education
    • 40021 School principals and administrators of elementary and secondary education
    • 41220 Secondary school teachers
    • 41221 Elementary school and kindergarten teachers
    • 43100 Elementary and secondary school teacher assistants
  • B3 Early childhood educators and assistants and other education services
    • 42202 Early childhood educators and assistants
    • 42203 Instructors of persons with disabilities
    • 43109 Other instructors
• C Arts occupations
  • C1 Visual arts and related occupations
    • 22211 Industrial designers
    • 52111 Graphic arts technicians
    • 52120 Graphic designers and illustrators
    • 52121 Interior designers and interior decorators
    • 53110 Photographers
    • 53122 Painters, sculptors and other visual artists
    • 53123 Theatre, fashion, exhibit and other creative designers
    • 53124 Artisans and craftspersons
    • 53125 Patternmakers - textile, leather and fur products
    • 72022 Supervisors, printing and related occupations
    • 73401 Printing press operators
  • C2 Occupations in performing arts, motion pictures and broadcasting
    • 50011 Managers - publishing, motion pictures, broadcasting and performing arts
    • 51120 Producers, directors, choreographers and related occupations
    • 51121 Conductors, composers and arrangers
    • 51122 Musicians and singers
    • 52110 Film and video camera operators
    • 52112 Broadcast technicians
    • 52113 Audio and video recording technicians
    • 52114 Announcers and other broadcasters
    • 52119 Other technical and coordinating occupations in motion pictures, broadcasting and the performing arts
    • 53111 Motion pictures, broadcasting, photography and performing arts assistants and operators
    • 53120 Dancers
    • 53121 Actors, comedians and circus performers
• D Occupations in social, cultural and government services
  • D1 Occupations in social and community services
    • 40030 Managers in social, community and correctional services
    • 41300 Social workers
    • 42201 Social and community service workers
    • 41301 Therapists in counselling and related specialized therapies
    • 41320 Educational counsellors
    • 41321 Career development practitioners and career counsellors (except education)
    • 41302 Religious leaders
    • 42204 Religion workers
  • D2 Occupations in government policy, program administration and social sciences
    • 00010 Legislators
    • 00011 Senior government managers and officials
    • 12104 Employment insurance and revenue officers
    • 40010 Government managers - health and social policy development and program administration
    • 40011 Government managers - economic analysis, policy development and program administration
    • 40012 Government managers - education policy development and program administration
    • 40019 Other managers in public administration
    • 41400 Natural and applied science policy researchers, consultants and program officers
    • 41401 Economists and economic policy researchers and analysts
    • 41402 Business development officers and market researchers and analysts
    • 41403 Social policy researchers, consultants and program officers
    • 41404 Health policy researchers, consultants and program officers
    • 41405 Education policy researchers, consultants and program officers
    • 41406 Recreation, sports and fitness policy researchers, consultants and program officers
    • 41407 Program officers unique to government
    • 41409 Other professional occupations in social science
  • D3 Occupations related to libraries, museums and galleries
    • 50010 Library, archive, museum and art gallery managers
    • 51100 Librarians
    • 51101 Conservators and curators
    • 51102 Archivists
    • 52100 Library and public archive technicians
    • 53100 Registrars, restorers, interpreters and other occupations related to museum and art galleries
  • D4 Writing, translating and related communications professionals
    • 51110 Editors
    • 51111 Authors and writers (except technical)
    • 51112 Technical writers
    • 51113 Journalists
    • 51114 Translators, terminologists and interpreters
• E Business and finance occupations
  • E1 Accounting and related occupations
    • 11100 Financial auditors and accountants
    • 12200 Accounting technicians and bookkeepers
    • 13102 Payroll administrators
  • E2 Occupations in banking, finance, insurance and real estate
    • 10010 Financial managers
    • 10020 Insurance, real estate and financial brokerage managers
    • 10021 Banking, credit and other investment managers
    • 11101 Financial and investment analysts
    • 11102 Financial advisors
    • 11103 Securities agents, investment dealers and brokers
    • 11109 Other financial officers
    • 12011 Supervisors, finance and insurance office workers
    • 12201 Insurance adjusters and claims examiners
    • 12202 Insurance underwriters
    • 12203 Assessors, business valuators and appraisers
    • 13101 Property administrators
    • 63100 Insurance agents and brokers
    • 63101 Real estate agents and salespersons
    • 63102 Financial sales representatives
  • E3 Occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations
    • 10022 Advertising, marketing and public relations managers
    • 11202 Professional occupations in advertising, marketing and public relations
  • E4 Other business services managers and consultants
    • 11201 Professional occupations in business management consulting
    • 10030 Telecommunication carriers managers
    • 10029 Other business services managers
• F Occupations in natural and applied sciences and architecture
  • F1 Occupations in natural sciences
    • 20011 Architecture and science managers
    • 21100 Physicists and astronomers
    • 21101 Chemists
    • 21102 Geoscientists and oceanographers
    • 21103 Meteorologists and climatologists
    • 21109 Other professional occupations in physical sciences
    • 21110 Biologists and related scientists
    • 21120 Public and environmental health and safety professionals
    • 22100 Chemical technologists and technicians
    • 22101 Geological and mineral technologists and technicians
    • 22110 Biological technologists and technicians
    • 22113 Conservation and fishery officers
    • 22214 Technical occupations in geomatics and meteorology
  • F2 Occupations in architecture and land use
    • 21200 Architects
    • 21201 Landscape architects
    • 21202 Urban and land use planners
    • 22210 Architectural technologists and technicians
  • F3 Engineering and engineering technology and related occupations
    • 20010 Engineering managers
    • 21203 Land surveyors
    • 21300 Civil engineers
    • 21301 Mechanical engineers
    • 21310 Electrical and electronics engineers
    • 21311 Computer engineers (except software engineers and designers)
    • 21320 Chemical engineers
    • 21321 Industrial and manufacturing engineers
    • 21322 Metallurgical and materials engineers
    • 21330 Mining engineers
    • 21331 Geological engineers
    • 21332 Petroleum engineers
    • 21390 Aerospace engineers
    • 21399 Other professional engineers
    • 22212 Drafting technologists and technicians
    • 22213 Land survey technologists and technicians
    • 22300 Civil engineering technologists and technicians
    • 22301 Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians
    • 22302 Industrial engineering and manufacturing technologists and technicians
    • 22310 Electrical and electronics engineering technologists and technicians
    • 22230 Non-destructive testers and inspectors
    • 22231 Engineering inspectors and regulatory officers
    • 22232 Occupational health and safety specialists
  • F4 Mathematicians, statisticians, actuaries, and data scientists
    • 21210 Mathematicians, statisticians and actuaries
    • 21211 Data scientists
  • F5 Occupations in computer and information systems
    • 20012 Computer and information systems managers
    • 21220 Cybersecurity specialists
    • 21221 Business systems specialists
    • 21222 Information systems specialists
    • 21223 Database analysts and data administrators
    • 21230 Computer systems developers and programmers
    • 21231 Software engineers and designers
    • 21232 Software developers and programmers
    • 21233 Web designers
    • 21234 Web developers and programmers
    • 22220 Computer network and web technicians
    • 22221 User support technicians
    • 22222 Information systems testing technicians
• G Managers, supervisors and specialists in agriculture, veterinary services and natural resources
  • G1 Managers, supervisors and specialists in agriculture, horticulture and landscaping
    • 21112 Agricultural representatives, consultants and specialists
    • 22111 Agricultural and fish products inspectors
    • 22114 Landscape and horticulture technicians and specialists
    • 80020 Managers in agriculture
    • 80021 Managers in horticulture
    • 82030 Agricultural service contractors and farm supervisors
    • 82031 Contractors and supervisors, landscaping, grounds maintenance and horticulture services
  • G2 Veterinary occupations
    • 31103 Veterinarians
    • 32104 Animal health technologists and veterinary technicians
  • G3 Managers, supervisors and specialists in natural resources
    • 21111 Forestry professionals
    • 22112 Forestry technologists and technicians
    • 80010 Managers in natural resources production and fishing
    • 80022 Managers in aquaculture
    • 82010 Supervisors, logging and forestry
    • 82020 Supervisors, mining and quarrying
    • 82021 Contractors and supervisors, oil and gas drilling and services
    • 83100 Underground production and development miners
    • 83101 Oil and gas well drillers, servicers, testers and related workers
    • 83110 Logging machinery operators
    • 83120 Fishing masters and officers
    • 83121 Fishermen/women
• H Health care occupations
  • H1 Managers in health care
    • 30010 Managers in health care
  • H2 Physicians
    • 31100 Specialists in clinical and laboratory medicine
    • 31101 Specialists in surgery
    • 31102 General practitioners and family physicians
  • H3 Dental health care occupations
    • 31110 Dentists
    • 32110 Denturists
    • 32111 Dental hygienists and dental therapists
    • 32112 Dental technologists and technicians
    • 33100 Dental assistants and dental laboratory assistants
  • H4 Optometrists and opticians
    • 31111 Optometrists
    • 32100 Opticians
  • H5 Nurses
    • 31300 Nursing coordinators and supervisors
    • 31301 Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses
    • 31302 Nurse practitioners
    • 32101 Licensed practical nurses
  • H6 Pharmacy occupations
    • 31120 Pharmacists
    • 32124 Pharmacy technicians
    • 33103 Pharmacy technical assistants and pharmacy assistants
  • H7 Occupations in medical laboratory services and diagnostic imaging
    • 32120 Medical laboratory technologists
    • 32121 Medical radiation technologists
    • 32122 Medical sonographers
    • 32123 Cardiology technologists and electrophysiological diagnostic technologists
    • 33101 Medical laboratory assistants and related technical occupations
  • H8 Therapy and assessment professionals and technicians
    • 31112 Audiologists and speech-language pathologists
    • 31121 Dietitians and nutritionists
    • 31200 Psychologists
    • 31201 Chiropractors
    • 31202 Physiotherapists
    • 31203 Occupational therapists
    • 31204 Kinesiologists and other professional occupations in therapy and assessment
    • 32102 Paramedical occupations
    • 32103 Respiratory therapists, clinical perfusionists and cardiopulmonary technologists
    • 32109 Other technical occupations in therapy and assessment
  • H9 Practitioners of natural healing
    • 32200 Traditional Chinese medicine practitioners and acupuncturists
    • 32201 Massage therapists
    • 32209 Other practitioners of natural healing
  • H10 Other health professionals and technicians
    • 31209 Other professional occupations in health diagnosing and treating
    • 31303 Physician assistants, midwives and allied health professionals
    • 32129 Other medical technologists and technicians
  • H11 Health care aides and other health care support occupations
    • 33102 Nurse aides, orderlies and patient service associates
    • 33109 Other assisting occupations in support of health services
• I Occupations in legal, law enforcement and public protection services
  • I1 Occupations in law and legal services
    • 41100 Judges
    • 41101 Lawyers and Quebec notaries
    • 42200 Paralegals and related occupations
  • I2 Law enforcement occupations
    • 40040 Commissioned police officers and related occupations in public protection services
    • 41310 Police investigators and other investigative occupations
    • 41311 Probation and parole officers
    • 42100 Police officers (except commissioned)
    • 43200 Sheriffs and bailiffs
    • 43201 Correctional service officers
    • 43202 By-law enforcement and other regulatory officers
    • 43203 Border services, customs, and immigration officers
  • I3 Firefighting occupations
    • 40041 Fire chiefs and senior firefighting officers
    • 42101 Firefighters
  • I4 Commissioned officers and specialized operations members of the Canadian Forces
    • 40042 Commissioned officers of the Canadian Armed Forces
    • 42102 Specialized members of the Canadian Armed Forces
    • 43204 Operations members of the Canadian Armed Forces
• J Administrative occupations
  • J1 Administrative services occupations
    • 10019 Other administrative services managers
    • 12010 Supervisors, general office and administrative support workers
    • 12100 Executive assistants
    • 13100 Administrative officers
    • 13110 Administrative assistants
    • 13111 Legal administrative assistants
    • 13112 Medical administrative assistants
  • J2 Human resources occupations
    • 10011 Human resources managers
    • 11200 Human resources professionals
    • 12101 Human resources and recruitment officers
  • J3 Purchasing, procurement and logistics occupations
    • 10012 Purchasing managers
    • 12102 Procurement and purchasing agents and officers
    • 12013 Supervisors, supply chain, tracking and scheduling coordination occupations
    • 13200 Customs, ship and other brokers
    • 13201 Production and transportation logistics coordinators
  • J4 Record management, record-keeping and related occupations
    • 12012 Supervisors, library, correspondence and related information workers
    • 12110 Court reporters, medical transcriptionists and related occupations
    • 12111 Health information management occupations
    • 12112 Records management technicians
    • 12113 Statistical officers and related research support occupations
• K Managers, supervisors and specialists in sales, services, sports and recreation
  • K1 Managers, supervisors and specialists in sales
    • 60010 Corporate sales managers
    • 60020 Retail and wholesale trade managers
    • 62010 Retail sales supervisors
    • 62100 Technical sales specialists - wholesale trade
    • 62101 Retail and wholesale buyers
  • K2 Managers, supervisors and specialists in food services
    • 60030 Restaurant and food service managers
    • 62020 Food service supervisors
    • 62200 Chefs
    • 63200 Cooks
    • 63201 Butchers - retail and wholesale
    • 63202 Bakers
  • K3 Managers and specialists in recreation, sports and fitness
    • 50012 Recreation, sports and fitness program and service directors
    • 53200 Athletes
    • 53201 Coaches
    • 53202 Sports officials and referees
  • K4 Specialized service providers
    • 12103 Conference and event planners
    • 62201 Funeral directors and embalmers
    • 62202 Jewellers, jewellery and watch repairers and related occupations
    • 63210 Hairstylists and barbers
    • 63211 Estheticians, electrologists and related occupations
    • 63220 Shoe repairers and shoemakers
    • 63221 Upholsterers
    • 73202 Pest controllers and fumigators
  • K5 Other service managers and supervisors
    • 60031 Accommodation service managers
    • 60040 Managers in customer and personal services
    • 62021 Executive housekeepers
    • 62022 Accommodation, travel, tourism and related services supervisors
    • 62023 Customer and information services supervisors
    • 62024 Cleaning supervisors
    • 62029 Other services supervisors
• L Skilled trades and related occupations
  • L1 Occupations related to construction trades and building maintenance
    • 22233 Construction inspectors
    • 22303 Construction estimators
    • 70010 Construction managers
    • 70011 Home building and renovation managers
    • 70012 Facility operation and maintenance managers
    • 72011 Contractors and supervisors, electrical trades and telecommunications occupations
    • 72012 Contractors and supervisors, pipefitting trades
    • 72013 Contractors and supervisors, carpentry trades
    • 72014 Contractors and supervisors, other construction trades, installers, repairers and servicers
    • 72200 Electricians (except industrial and power system)
    • 72201 Industrial electricians
    • 72202 Power system electricians
    • 72203 Electrical power line and cable workers
    • 72204 Telecommunications line and cable installers and repairers
    • 72205 Telecommunications equipment installation and cable television service technicians
    • 72300 Plumbers
    • 72301 Steamfitters, pipefitters and sprinkler system installers
    • 72302 Gas fitters
    • 72310 Carpenters
    • 72311 Cabinetmakers
    • 72320 Bricklayers
    • 72321 Insulators
    • 72406 Elevator constructors and mechanics
    • 72501 Water well drillers
    • 73100 Concrete finishers
    • 73101 Tilesetters
    • 73102 Plasterers, drywall installers and finishers and lathers
    • 73110 Roofers and shinglers
    • 73111 Glaziers
    • 73112 Painters and decorators (except interior decorators)
    • 73113 Floor covering installers
    • 73200 Residential and commercial installers and servicers
    • 73201 General building maintenance workers and building superintendents
    • 73402 Drillers and blasters - surface mining, quarrying and construction
  • L2 Occupations in mechanics and repair
    • 22311 Electronic service technicians (household and business equipment)
    • 22312 Industrial instrument technicians and mechanics
    • 22313 Aircraft instrument, electrical and avionics mechanics, technicians and inspectors
    • 72020 Contractors and supervisors, mechanic trades
    • 72400 Construction millwrights and industrial mechanics
    • 72401 Heavy-duty equipment mechanics
    • 72402 Heating, refrigeration and air conditioning mechanics
    • 72403 Railway carmen/women
    • 72404 Aircraft mechanics and aircraft inspectors
    • 72405 Machine fitters
    • 72410 Automotive service technicians, truck and bus mechanics and mechanical repairers
    • 72411 Auto body collision, refinishing and glass technicians and damage repair estimators
    • 72420 Oil and solid fuel heating mechanics
    • 72421 Appliance servicers and repairers
    • 72422 Electrical mechanics
    • 72423 Motorcycle, all-terrain vehicle and other related mechanics
    • 72429 Other small engine and small equipment repairers
    • 73209 Other repairers and servicers
  • L3 Occupations in precision metalworking
    • 72010 Contractors and supervisors, machining, metal forming, shaping and erecting trades and related occupations
    • 72100 Machinists and machining and tooling inspectors
    • 72101 Tool and die makers
    • 72102 Sheet metal workers
    • 72103 Boilermakers
    • 72104 Structural metal and platework fabricators and fitters
    • 72105 Ironworkers
    • 72106 Welders and related machine operators
    • 72999 Other technical trades and related occupations
• M Managers, supervisors and specialists in transportation and heavy equipment operation
  • M1 Managers in transportation and postal and courier services
    • 70020 Managers in transportation
    • 70021 Postal and courier services managers
  • M2 Specialists in air and water transportation
    • 72600 Air pilots, flight engineers and flying instructors
    • 72601 Air traffic controllers and related occupations
    • 72602 Deck officers, water transport
    • 72603 Engineer officers, water transport
  • M3 Supervisors and specialists in heavy equipment operation
    • 72021 Contractors and supervisors, heavy equipment operator crews
    • 72500 Crane operators
    • 73400 Heavy equipment operators
  • M4 Supervisors and specialists in ground transportation and delivery services
    • 72023 Supervisors, railway transport operations
    • 72024 Supervisors, motor transport and other ground transit operators
    • 72025 Supervisors, mail and message distribution occupations
    • 72604 Railway traffic controllers and marine traffic regulators
    • 73300 Transport truck drivers
    • 73301 Bus drivers, subway operators and other transit operators
    • 73310 Railway and yard locomotive engineers
    • 73311 Railway conductors and brakemen/women
• N Managers, supervisors and specialists in manufacturing and utilities
  • N1 Manufacturing managers
    • 90010 Manufacturing managers
  • N2 Managers, supervisors and specialists in petroleum, gas and chemical processing and utilities
    • 90011 Utilities managers
    • 92011 Supervisors, petroleum, gas and chemical processing and utilities
    • 92100 Power engineers and power systems operators
    • 92101 Water and waste treatment plant operators
    • 93101 Central control and process operators, petroleum, gas and chemical processing
  • N3 Supervisors and specialists in non-chemical manufacturing
    • 92010 Supervisors, mineral and metal processing
    • 92012 Supervisors, food and beverage processing
    • 92013 Supervisors, plastic and rubber products manufacturing
    • 92014 Supervisors, forest products processing
    • 92015 Supervisors, textile, fabric, fur and leather products processing and manufacturing
    • 92020 Supervisors, motor vehicle assembling
    • 92021 Supervisors, electronics and electrical products manufacturing
    • 92022 Supervisors, furniture and fixtures manufacturing
    • 92023 Supervisors, other mechanical and metal products manufacturing
    • 92024 Supervisors, other products manufacturing and assembly
    • 93100 Central control and process operators, mineral and metal processing
    • 93102 Pulping, papermaking and coating control operators
    • 93200 Aircraft assemblers and aircraft assembly inspectors
• O Occupations not typically requiring post-secondary education
  • O1 Support occupations in banking and finance
    • 14200 Accounting and related clerks
    • 14201 Banking, insurance and other financial clerks
    • 14202 Collection clerks
    • 64400 Customer services representatives - financial institutions
  • O2 Administrative support and supply chain logistics occupations
    • 14100 General office support workers
    • 14101 Receptionists
    • 14102 Personnel clerks
    • 14103 Court clerks and related court services occupations
    • 14110 Survey interviewers and statistical clerks
    • 14111 Data entry clerks
    • 14112 Desktop publishing operators and related occupations
    • 14300 Library assistants and clerks
    • 14301 Correspondence, publication and regulatory clerks
    • 14400 Shippers and receivers
    • 14401 Storekeepers and partspersons
    • 14402 Production logistics workers
    • 14403 Purchasing and inventory control workers
    • 14404 Dispatchers
    • 14405 Transportation route and crew schedulers
  • O3 Support occupations in security and the military
    • 44200 Primary combat members of the Canadian Armed Forces
    • 64410 Security guards and related security service occupations
  • O4 Support occupations in sports, recreation, amusement and performance
    • 54100 Program leaders and instructors in recreation, sport and fitness
    • 55109 Other performers
    • 64320 Tour and travel guides
    • 64321 Casino workers
    • 64322 Outdoor sport and recreational guides
    • 65211 Operators and attendants in amusement, recreation and sport
  • O5 Non-technical sales representatives and sales support occupations
    • 64100 Retail salespersons and visual merchandisers
    • 64101 Sales and account representatives - wholesale trade (non-technical)
    • 65100 Cashiers
    • 65101 Service station attendants
    • 65102 Store shelf stockers, clerks and order fillers
    • 65109 Other sales related occupations
  • O6 Service workers and service support occupations
    • 44100 Home child care providers
    • 44101 Home support workers, caregivers and related occupations
    • 45100 Student monitors, crossing guards and related occupations
    • 64200 Tailors, dressmakers, furriers and milliners
    • 64201 Image, social and other personal consultants
    • 64300 Maîtres d'hôtel and hosts/hostesses
    • 64301 Bartenders
    • 64310 Travel counsellors
    • 64314 Hotel front desk clerks
    • 64409 Other customer and information services representatives
    • 65200 Food and beverage servers
    • 65201 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related support occupations
    • 65202 Meat cutters and fishmongers - retail and wholesale
    • 65210 Support occupations in accommodation, travel and facilities set-up services
    • 65220 Pet groomers and animal care workers
    • 65229 Other support occupations in personal services
    • 65310 Light duty cleaners
    • 65311 Specialized cleaners
    • 65312 Janitors, caretakers and heavy-duty cleaners
    • 65320 Dry cleaning, laundry and related occupations
    • 65329 Other service support occupations
  • O7 Support and labouring occupations in the trades and public works
    • 74203 Automotive and heavy truck and equipment parts installers and servicers
    • 74204 Utility maintenance workers
    • 74205 Public works maintenance equipment operators and related workers
    • 75110 Construction trades helpers and labourers
    • 75119 Other trades helpers and labourers
    • 75212 Public works and maintenance labourers
  • O8 Support and labouring occupations in transportation and delivery services
    • 64311 Pursers and flight attendants
    • 64312 Airline ticket and service agents
    • 64313 Ground and water transport ticket agents, cargo service representatives and related clerks
    • 64401 Postal services representatives
    • 74100 Mail and parcel sorters and related occupations
    • 74101 Letter carriers
    • 74102 Couriers and messengers
    • 74200 Railway yard and track maintenance workers
    • 74201 Water transport deck and engine room crew
    • 74202 Air transport ramp attendants
    • 75100 Longshore workers
    • 75101 Material handlers
    • 75200 Taxi and limousine drivers and chauffeurs
    • 75201 Delivery service drivers and door-to-door distributors
    • 75210 Boat and cable ferry operators and related occupations
    • 75211 Railway and motor transport labourers
  • O9 Workers and labourers in natural resources, agriculture and landscaping
    • 84100 Underground mine service and support workers
    • 84101 Oil and gas well drilling and related workers and services operators
    • 84110 Chain saw and skidder operators
    • 84111 Silviculture and forestry workers
    • 84120 Specialized livestock workers and farm machinery operators
    • 84121 Fishing vessel deckhands
    • 85100 Livestock labourers
    • 85101 Harvesting labourers
    • 85102 Aquaculture and marine harvest labourers
    • 85103 Nursery and greenhouse labourers
    • 85104 Trappers and hunters
    • 85110 Mine labourers
    • 85111 Oil and gas drilling, servicing and related labourers
    • 85120 Logging and forestry labourers
    • 85121 Landscaping and grounds maintenance labourers
  • O10 Workers and labourers in manufacturing
    • 94100 Machine operators, mineral and metal processing
    • 94101 Foundry workers
    • 94102 Glass forming and finishing machine operators and glass cutters
    • 94103 Concrete, clay and stone forming operators
    • 94104 Inspectors and testers, mineral and metal processing
    • 94105 Metalworking and forging machine operators
    • 94106 Machining tool operators
    • 94107 Machine operators of other metal products
    • 94110 Chemical plant machine operators
    • 94111 Plastics processing machine operators
    • 94112 Rubber processing machine operators and related workers
    • 94120 Sawmill machine operators
    • 94121 Pulp mill, papermaking and finishing machine operators
    • 94122 Paper converting machine operators
    • 94123 Lumber graders and other wood processing inspectors and graders
    • 94124 Woodworking machine operators
    • 94129 Other wood processing machine operators
    • 94130 Textile fibre and yarn, hide and pelt processing machine operators and workers
    • 94131 Weavers, knitters and other fabric making occupations
    • 94132 Industrial sewing machine operators
    • 94133 Inspectors and graders, textile, fabric, fur and leather products manufacturing
    • 94140 Process control and machine operators, food and beverage processing
    • 94141 Industrial butchers and meat cutters, poultry preparers and related workers
    • 94142 Fish and seafood plant workers
    • 94143 Testers and graders, food and beverage processing
    • 94150 Plateless printing equipment operators
    • 94151 Camera, platemaking and other prepress occupations
    • 94152 Binding and finishing machine operators
    • 94153 Photographic and film processors
    • 94200 Motor vehicle assemblers, inspectors and testers
    • 94201 Electronics assemblers, fabricators, inspectors and testers
    • 94202 Assemblers and inspectors, electrical appliance, apparatus and equipment manufacturing
    • 94203 Assemblers, fabricators and inspectors, industrial electrical motors and transformers
    • 94204 Mechanical assemblers and inspectors
    • 94205 Machine operators and inspectors, electrical apparatus manufacturing
    • 94210 Furniture and fixture assemblers, finishers, refinishers and inspectors
    • 94211 Assemblers and inspectors of other wood products
    • 94212 Plastic products assemblers, finishers and inspectors
    • 94213 Industrial painters, coaters and metal finishing process operators
    • 94219 Other products assemblers, finishers and inspectors
    • 95100 Labourers in mineral and metal processing
    • 95101 Labourers in metal fabrication
    • 95102 Labourers in chemical products processing and utilities
    • 95103 Labourers in wood, pulp and paper processing
    • 95104 Labourers in rubber and plastic products manufacturing
    • 95105 Labourers in textile processing and cutting
    • 95106 Labourers in food and beverage processing
    • 95107 Labourers in fish and seafood processing
    • 95109 Other labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities