Table A.12
Adjusted odds ratios for low earnings among the postsecondary-educated population by demographic, education and work characteristics, Ontario, 2006
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Effect | Demographic | Education | Field of study | Major activity | Industry / occupation |
Self-employed | All | All without self-employed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 | Column 4 | Column 5 | Column 6 | Column 7 | Column 8 | |
ratio | ||||||||
R - squared | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.32 | 0.27 |
Sex | ||||||||
Female1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Male | 0.50*** | 0.50*** | 0.51*** | 0.65* | 0.53*** | 0.45*** | 0.57** | 0.65* |
Age | ||||||||
25 to 29 | 2.01** | 2.16*** | 2.13** | 1.52 | 2.00** | 2.93*** | 2.35* | 1.40 |
30 to 34 | 1.23 | 1.31 | 1.23 | 1.11 | 1.40 | 1.44 | 1.61 | 1.19 |
35 to 39 | 1.00 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 0.84 | 1.01 | 1.11 | 0.93 | 0.85 |
40 to 44 | 1.31 | 1.29 | 1.30 | 1.21 | 1.25 | 1.46 | 1.45 | 1.13 |
45 to 491 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
50 to 54 | 0.80 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.85 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.94 | 0.87 |
55 to 59 | 2.71*** | 2.87*** | 2.88*** | 1.87* | 2.88*** | 2.78*** | 1.84 | 2.01* |
60 to 64 | 4.58*** | 5.38*** | 5.33*** | 2.88** | 4.09*** | 5.11*** | 2.47 | 2.83** |
Family situation | ||||||||
Single | 0.91 | 0.96 | 0.93 | 1.12 | 0.84 | 0.96 | 1.05 | 0.95 |
Married without kids | 0.82 | 0.81 | 0.80 | 0.85 | 0.70 | 0.80 | 0.73 | 0.75 |
Married with kids1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Lone parent family | 1.31 | 1.30 | 1.28 | 1.53 | 1.35 | 1.22 | 1.56 | 1.51 |
Other | 1.02 | 1.02 | 1.01 | 1.11 | 0.87 | 1.08 | 1.01 | 0.94 |
Years in Canada | ||||||||
Not an immigrant1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Less than 10 years | 1.49 | 1.79* | 1.91* | 1.70 | 1.67 | 2.20* | 1.87 | 1.58 |
10 to 29 years | 1.39 | 1.47 | 1.54* | 1.66* | 1.76** | 1.44 | 1.61 | 1.91 |
More than 30 years | 0.87 | 0.83 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.88 | 0.80 | 0.76 | 0.87* |
Educational attainment | ||||||||
College1 | ... | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
University | ... | 0.55*** | 0.56*** | 0.53*** | 0.68* | 0.49*** | 0.53** | 0.63* |
Field of study | ||||||||
Business, management or public administration1 | ... | ... | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Personal and leisure | ... | ... | 1.62 | 1.62 | 1.48 | 1.54 | 1.30 | 1.31 |
Education | ... | ... | 1.04 | 1.02 | 0.86 | 1.17 | 0.91 | 0.83 |
Arts communications and technology | ... | ... | 1.97* | 2.48* | 1.97 | 1.25 | 1.60 | 2.19 |
Humanities | ... | ... | 1.31 | 1.44 | 1.22 | 1.51 | 1.63 | 1.29 |
Social science | ... | ... | 0.83 | 1.00 | 0.65 | 0.76 | 0.81 | 0.80 |
Science | ... | ... | 0.68 | 0.47 | 0.67 | 0.76 | 0.43 | 0.50 |
Math | ... | ... | 0.58 | 0.52 | 0.43 | 0.65 | 0.52 | 0.40 |
Architecture and engineering | ... | ... | 0.89 | 1.16 | 0.99 | 0.88 | 1.37 | 1.23 |
Agriculture | ... | ... | 1.75 | 2.24 | 1.14 | 1.40 | 1.21 | 1.32 |
Health | ... | ... | 0.85 | 0.97 | 1.22 | 0.85 | 1.26 | 1.23 |
Leisure | ... | ... | 3.08* | 2.69 | 2.19 | 2.88* | 1.47 | 1.93 |
Other | ... | ... | 0.00*** | 0.00*** | 0.00*** | 0.00*** | 0.00*** | 0.00*** |
Major activity | ||||||||
Working1 | ... | ... | ... | 1.00 | ... | ... | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Caring for child or family member | ... | ... | ... | 5.25*** | ... | ... | 5.96*** | 4.97*** |
Retired | ... | ... | ... | 5.05*** | ... | ... | 8.12*** | 5.79*** |
Student | ... | ... | ... | 6.38*** | ... | ... | 8.61*** | 6.62*** |
Other | ... | ... | ... | 1.82* | ... | ... | 2.08* | 1.75 |
Work schedule | ||||||||
Full-time full-year1 | ... | ... | ... | 1.00 | ... | ... | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Not full-time full-year | ... | ... | ... | 5.23*** | ... | ... | 6.01*** | 4.98*** |
Occupation | ||||||||
Management | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.33*** | ... | 0.18*** | 0.36** |
Business administration | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.60* | ... | 0.86 | 0.66 |
Science | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.29** | ... | 0.33* | 0.26** |
Sales1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1.00 | ... | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Health | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.16*** | ... | 0.11*** | 0.14*** |
Social science | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.67 | ... | 0.61 | 0.66 |
Arts and recreation | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1.02 | ... | 0.52 | 1.02 |
Trades | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.84 | ... | 0.74 | 0.85 |
Primary | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2.59 | ... | 2.71 | 3.66 |
Process | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1.78 | ... | 1.47 | 1.41 |
Industry | ||||||||
Agriculture | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1.32 | ... | 0.49 | 1.28 |
Primary industries | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1.25 | ... | 0.93 | 0.76 |
Utilities | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.09 | ... | 0.15 | 0.10 |
Construction | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1.39 | ... | 1.11 | 1.60 |
Health1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1.00 | ... | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Manufacturing | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.33* | ... | 0.45 | 0.37* |
Trade | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1.08 | ... | 1.11 | 0.99 |
Transport | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.78 | ... | 0.62 | 0.72 |
Finance | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.40* | ... | 0.23** | 0.36* |
Professional, science and technical services | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.82 | ... | 0.38* | 0.80 |
Business, building and other support services | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1.28 | ... | 0.61 | 1.16 |
Education | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.83 | ... | 0.95 | 0.72 |
Culture | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.87 | ... | 0.96 | 0.83 |
Food industry | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2.64* | ... | 2.13 | 2.47 |
Other | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.94 | ... | 0.75 | 0.93 |
Public administration | ... | ... | ... | ... | 0.22*** | ... | 0.34* | 0.22** |
Self-employment status | ||||||||
Not self-employed1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1.00 | 1.00 | ... |
Self-employed | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 4.41*** | 11.06*** | ... |
... not applicable * p ≤ 0.05 ** p ≤ 0.01 *** p ≤ 0.001 1. Reference category. Note: Based on 4,131 respondents. Source: Statistics Canada, Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics, 2006. |
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