Economic and Social Reports
In the works

September 2026

Understanding factors shaping household environmental practices and behaviours in Canada

by Allison Leanage, Samuel MacIsaac, Max Stick, and Gordon Dewis

Previous research has shown that individuals with higher levels of education and income were more likely to engage in environmental practices and behaviours. Environmental practices and behaviours also vary by dwelling characteristics, such as housing type and homeownership. However, few studies have examined how sociodemographic factors, dwelling characteristics and geographic context jointly shape environmental practices and interactions with nature in Canada. Environmental behaviours may be influenced by intersecting social, housing and regional conditions; examining these factors together can provide a more comprehensive understanding of household environmental practices and behaviours. Using data from the 2021 Households and the Environment Survey, this study examines how kitchen waste composting and hazardous waste disposal vary among households. The study presents variations in these behaviours across sociodemographic, dwelling, interaction with nature and geographic characteristics.

Early career economic outcomes of childhood immigrant and Canadian-born journeypersons in Canada

by Allison Leanage and Max Stick

This study compares employment income trajectories of childhood immigrants (persons admitted to Canada at age 17 or younger) who became certified journeypersons through apprenticeship completion or trade qualifiers between 2008 and 2018 with their Canadian-born counterparts. Using integrated administrative data, the study assesses earnings four and two years before certification, at certification, and two and four years after certification to examine differences in income levels and trajectories over time. This longitudinal analysis identifies when income disparities between groups arise and whether these differences decrease, remain stable, or grow as individuals transition to journeyperson status.

Characteristics of home-based child cares serving children aged 0 to 5 years in Canada, 2024

by Thomas J. Charters and Leanne C. Findlay 

Home-based child care describes child care provided by non-relatives in residential settings outside of the child’s own home. To gain insights into the state of home-based child care in Canada, this report investigates characteristics of licensed and unlicensed home-based providers and services providing care to children 0 to 5 years of age. This study uses the 2024 Canadian Survey on the Provision of Child Care Services, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of formal child care services in Canada.

Producing timely experimental estimates of interprovincial labour mobility

by Ping Ching Winnie Chan and Hanqing Qiu

Interprovincial labour mobility serves as a useful mechanism for advancing labour market adjustment across Canada. The current paper contributes to this discussion by using linked Census and administrative data to measure inter‑provincial labour mobility at the 4‑digit National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 level. To generate timely indicators, this work produces predicted experimental mobility estimates by updating the 2021/2022 reference estimates from the linked Census–administrative file with more current demographic information from the Labour Force Survey. The methodology outlined in this paper offers a practical approach for producing such predicted indicators on an ongoing basis and for tracking emerging mobility patterns across Canada’s labour market.

---

This schedule is subject to change.