Glossary

Basic price: a basic price valuation includes the costs of production factors (labour and capital) and taxes and subsidies on production factors.

Culture: a creative artistic activity and the goods and services produced by this creative activity and the preservation of heritage.

Culture goods and services: in the context of the CSA, and following the CFCS, culture goods are defined as original and mass-produced goods which contain culture content, resulting from creative artistic activity. A culture service on the other hand is defined to include creative services (which can, in turn, include copyright payments or receipts), content services (services that add to, or alter a culture product), broadcasts, live performances and other culture events (such as museum exhibits).

Culture GDP or GDP of culture activities: is the value added related to the production of all culture goods and services in the economy produced by culture and non-culture industries. For example, for the performing arts industry which may generate GDP from admissions to live performances and food and beverages services (a non-culture activity) only the GDP from admissions to live performances (the culture activity) will be counted. However, it will also include any GDP from admissions to live performances produced outside of the live performance industry.

Culture industry: A culture industry is one for which culture products (goods or services) make up the most significant part of its output. For instance, in the live performance industry, culture products represent the majority of its output even though they have secondary activity related to the sale of food and beverages. The CFCS, and therefore the CSA, also include industries involved in the ‘creative chain’.

Culture jobs: are the number of jobs in the culture and non-culture industries related to the production of all culture goods and services across the economy. Therefore it covers only the jobs required to produce culture activities. Using the example above from Culture GDP, only the individual selling admissions tickets would be in the estimate of culture jobs.

Culture output: is the value of culture goods and services produced in the economy by establishments in culture and non-culture industries.

Domain: is a category in the Canadian Framework for Culture Statistics used to group various entities for conceptual and measurement purposes. These categories describe dimensions, such as industries, products, occupations or instructional programs. For example, an industry or group of establishments (i.e. the cinematography industry) or a professional group (i.e. cinematography industry workers), or product categories (i.e. public works).

Employment: represents the number of jobs held by the self-employed, employees and unpaid^{Note 1} family workers. It should be noted that a job that exists for only part of the year (e.g., 4 months) counts as only a fraction of a job (1/3 of a job) for the year. It should also be noted that a part-time job at 10 hours a week counts as much as a full-time job at 50 hours a week.^{Note 2}

Employment in culture industries: is measured by the number of jobs in each of the culture industries. It covers all jobs in the industry required to produce both culture and non-culture products. For example, the performing arts industry may require an individual to collect admissions tickets to a live performance (job from culture activity) and a bartender in the food and beverages services (a job from a non-culture activity). Both jobs are included in the estimate of employment in culture industries.

Employment in sport industries: is the number of jobs in each of the sport industries. It covers all jobs in the industry required to produce both sport and non-sport products. For example, a sporting event will need jobs for both admissions to sporting events (a sport activity) and food and beverages services (a non-sport activity). Both of these jobs will be included in the estimate of employment in sport industries.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP): is defined as the total unduplicated value of the goods and services produced in the economic territory of a country or region during a given period. GDP can be measured three ways: as total incomes earned in current production (income approach), as total final sales of current production (expenditure approach), or as total net values added in current production (value added approach). It can be valued either at basic prices or at market prices.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at basic prices: is Gross domestic product at market prices minus taxes less subsidies on products. Gross domestic product at basic prices is also equal to the traditional value at factor cost plus taxes less subsidies on the factors of production (labour and capital).

GDP by industry: GDP of an industry (also referred to as value added) equals output by the industry minus the value of intermediate inputs that were purchased from other industries, domestic or foreign. Value added is a measure of how much an industry has contributed to the value of its output over and above the value of intermediate inputs. GDP by industry for the economy as a whole is the sum of values added by all industries resident in Canada.

GDP by industry at basic prices: When evaluated at basic prices, an industry’s GDP is the sum of its factor incomes (wages and salaries, supplementary labour income, mixed income and other operating surplus) plus taxes on production less subsidies on production.

GDP of culture industries: is the measure of GDP for each of the culture industries. It covers all of their outputs—culture and non-culture products. For example, the performing arts industry may generate GDP from both admissions to live performances (a culture activity) and food and beverages services (a non-culture activity). The GDP for both activities is included in the GDP of culture industries.

GDP of sport industries: is the measure of output from all sport industries. It covers all of their outputs—sport and non-sport products. For example, a sporting event may generate GDP from both, admissions to the sporting event (a sport activity) and food and beverages services (a non-sport activity). The GDP associated with both of these products would be included in the GDP of sport industries.

Goods and services: are the results of production. They are exchanged and used for various purposes: as inputs in the production of other goods and services, as final consumption or for investment. A good is a tangible product that can be stocked or placed in inventory. An example of a good is photographic equipment or a book. A service, on the other hand, is generally consumed at the place and time it is bought. Services cover a wide and complex variety of transactions on products that are generally intangible in nature. An example of a service is admission to a live performance or a museum exhibition.

Hours of work: actual hours worked during normal periods of work, including overtime but excluding paid leave (e.g. holidays, sick leave). Total hours worked are the aggregate number of hours actually worked during the year in employee jobs and jobs due to self-employment.

Industry: an industry is a group of establishments engaged in the same or a similar kind of economic activity.

Industry perspective: is the presentation of culture or sport activity by industry. The culture and sport industries are grouped under their respective domains and sub-domains. It measures the output, GDP and jobs of culture industries and sport industries. It covers all of the output produced by establishments in these industries including non-culture and non-sport products.

Infrastructure: includes both physical infrastructure (e.g. buildings such as theatres, recording studios) and mediating products (e.g. consumer equipment such as television sets, computers) which are essential for at least one stage of supply in the culture chain. While they provide important support for culture activity, they are factors of cultural production rather than culture products. They may be reported separately as a means of determining their size and impact on the culture sector. Dedicated facilities whose primary function is the provision of space to culture such as museum buildings, heritage sites and buildings, theatres and cinemas are included in their respective sub-domains.

Input-output tables: Input-output tables are part of the production accounts of the CSNEA. They show the production of goods and services, the generation of income from the production process and the flows of goods and services through the economic system between producers and consumers. The transactors involved in the production process are individuals (persons or households), establishments (production units of businesses and governments), non-business entities such as non-profit institutions, and governments.

Job: an explicit or implicit contract between a person and an institutional unit to perform work in return for compensation for a defined period or until further notice. The institutional unit may be the proprietor of an unincorporated enterprise; in this case the person is described as being self-employed and earns a mixed income. The number of jobs can exceed the number of persons employed by the number of second, third, etc. jobs.

Mixed income: represents the return to both self-employed labour and capital of the unincorporated business. Mixed income consists of earnings of proprietors of unincorporated businesses (sole proprietorships and partnerships) such as retailers and consultants, earnings of independent professional practitioners such as lawyers and dentists, net (after expenses) rental income of owners of real property and the accrued net farm income of farm operators.

Multi domain: includes culture industries that are not associated with any culture domains and sub-domains: the culture portion of convention and trade show organizers; manufacturing and reproducing magnetic optical media; lessors of non-financial intangible assets; internet publishing and broadcasting and web search portal industries. These culture industries all affect more than one culture domain but cannot be easily allocated to a single domain, so they have been aggregated together.

Multi sub-domain: includes services that cannot be allocated to other specific sub-domain within Written and published works. It includes the printing of books, magazines or art work; translation services; wholesale and distribution, and retail services, etc.

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS): is an industrial classification system used to group producers into industries on the basis of similarities in their production processes. Developed jointly by Canada, Mexico and the United States in 1997, NAICS provides a common framework of classification which places industrial statistics compiled by the three countries on a comparable basis.

North American Product Classification System (NAPCS): is a classification that organizes goods and services throughout the economy in a systematic fashion. NAPCS is intended to include products of service and goods producing industries.

Output: consists of those goods or services that are produced within an establishment that become available for use outside that establishment, plus any goods and services produced for own final use.

Product perspective: measures output, GDP and jobs resulting from the production of culture or sports products regardless of whether they were made by establishments in culture or non-culture industries. For example, books may be produced in more than one industry. In the product perspective, all of the activity related to the production of books is grouped together.

Salaries and wages: monetary compensation and payments-in-kind (e.g., board and lodging), to wage earners and salaried persons employed in private, public and non-profit institutions in Canada including domestic servants and baby-sitters. Other forms of compensation included are commissions, bonuses, tips, directors’ fees, taxable allowances, and the values of stock options of corporations. Bonuses, commissions and retroactive wages are recorded in the period paid rather than earned. Wages and salaries are recorded on a gross basis, before deductions for taxes, employees’ contributions to employment insurance, and private and public pension plans.

Satellite Account: an accounting system that follows the basic principles of the System of National Accounts but also expands the analytical capacity for selected areas of economic or social concern, without overburdening or disrupting the central system. Satellite accounts are linked with the central framework of the national accounts and through them to the main body of integrated economic statistics.

Self-employed: persons whose jobs consist mainly of operating a business, farm or professional practice, alone or in partnership. This includes: operating a farm, whether the land is rented or owned; working on a freelance or contract basis to do a job (e.g., architects, private duty nurses); operating a direct distributorship selling and delivering products such as cosmetics, newspapers, brushes and cleaning products; and fishing with own equipment or with equipment in which the person has a share. The business can be incorporated or unincorporated. Self-employed persons include those with and those without paid help.

Sport: an individual or group activity often pursued for fitness during leisure time which may be undertaken for fun or for competition. This includes recreational sports and physical activities, as well as professional, semi-professional or amateur sport clubs and independent athletes that are primarily engaged in presenting sporting events before an audience.

Sport GDP or GDP of sport activities: sport GDP is defined as the value added in an industry that is related to the production of sport goods and/or across the economy regardless of the producing industry. For example, for a sporting event which generates GDP from admissions to sporting events (a sport activity) and food and beverages services (a non-sport activity), only the GDP from admissions to sporting event (the sport activity) will be included in Sport GDP. However, it will also include any GDP from admissions to sporting events produced outside the sport industries.

Sport jobs: are defined as the number of jobs that are related to the production of sport goods and/or services regardless of the industry. For example, a sporting event may have two jobs: a job collecting admissions to sporting events (a job from sport activity) and bartender in the food and beverages services (a job from non-sport activity). Only the job of the person collecting admissions tickets to sporting events (job from culture activity) is included in sport jobs.

Sub-domain: a subordinate domain which can be used to identify a number of related industries, products and occupations and which represents a distinct sub-category of a domain.

Supplementary labour income: expenditures by employers on their labour account other than wages and salaries which are regarded as compensation of employees. It includes contributions to employment insurance, private and public pension plan contribution, worker’s compensation, health and life insurance plans, and retirement allowances.

Unpaid family workers: persons who work without pay in a business, farm or professional practice owned and operated by another family member living in the same dwelling.

Notes