Table 1
Descriptive statistics among immigrant women
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All immigrant women | Paid employees | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Source countries with low female labour force participation rates | Source countries with high female labour force participation rates | Source countries with low female labour force participation rates | Source countries with high female labour force participation rates | |
Source-country characteristics | ||||
Female labour force participation rate | 0.382 | 0.618 | 0.401 | 0.614 |
Source-country gender-role attitudes (score) | 2.444 | 2.668 | 2.452 | 2.673 |
Log gross domestic product per capita (2005 U.S. dollars) | 7.633 | 7.849 | 7.589 | 7.855 |
English or French official language (proportion) | 0.606 | 0.219 | 0.655 | 0.244 |
Western countries (proportion) | 0.118 | 0.388 | 0.128 | 0.414 |
Individual-level outcomes | ||||
Labour force participation rate | 0.701 | 0.737 | Note ...: not applicable | Note ...: not applicable |
Hourly wages (dollars) | Note ...: not applicable | Note ...: not applicable | 18.847 | 21.056 |
Individual-level control variables | ||||
Less than high school (proportion) | 0.091 | 0.072 | 0.050 | 0.058 |
High school graduation (proportion) | 0.155 | 0.160 | 0.132 | 0.139 |
Some postsecondary education (proportion) | 0.275 | 0.293 | 0.304 | 0.289 |
Bachelor's degree (proportion) | 0.324 | 0.301 | 0.352 | 0.314 |
Graduate degree (proportion) | 0.154 | 0.175 | 0.163 | 0.200 |
Age at immigration (mean years) | 33.273 | 33.582 | 32.501 | 32.644 |
Years since landing | 8.627 | 8.948 | 8.970 | 9.301 |
Divorced, separated, or widowed (proportion) | 0.087 | 0.104 | 0.088 | 0.112 |
Never married (proportion) | 0.089 | 0.063 | 0.113 | 0.076 |
Number of children under 6 years old (proportion) | 0.338 | 0.293 | 0.253 | 0.243 |
Working full time (proportion) | Note ...: not applicable | Note ...: not applicable | 0.807 | 0.822 |
Tenure in years | Note ...: not applicable | Note ...: not applicable | 4.568 | 4.684 |
Sample size (number) | 16,263 | 13,548 | 9,286 | 7,803 |
... not applicable Source: Statistics Canada, Labour Force Survey, 2006 to 2012. |
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