Table 2
Results of first-stage regressions (dependent variable is log after-tax real wages)

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Table 2
Results of first-stage regressions (dependent variable is log after-tax real wages)
Table summary
This table displays the results of Results of first-stage regressions (dependent variable is log after-tax real wages) Percentile, 15th, 25th, 35th and 45th (appearing as column headers).
  Percentile
15th 25th 35th 45th
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4
All young men  
Instrumental variable based on oil prices – parameter estimate 2.37Note *** 2.16Note *** 1.91Note *** 1.75Note ***
Kleibergen-Paap Wald F statistic 73.0 52.8 42.2 34.8
Young men with no high school diploma  
Instrumental variable based on oil prices – parameter estimate 2.01Note *** 1.66Note *** 1.42Note *** 1.23Note **
Kleibergen-Paap Wald F statistic 20.5 15.6 10.7 10.0
Young men – Potential college and university enrollees  
Instrumental variable based on oil prices – parameter estimate 2.74Note *** 2.62Note *** 2.33Note *** 2.22Note ***
Kleibergen-Paap Wald F statistic 50.8 36.8 29.4 26.9
Note ***

significantly different from reference category (p<0.001)

Return to note *** referrer

Note **

significantly different from reference category (p<0.01)

Return to note ** referrer

Note: The numbers show the coefficient of the instrumental variable based on oil prices in the first-stage regressions of log after-tax real wages. P-values are based on standard errors that are clustered at the fully interacted age, education and region level. Separate regressions are run based on various percentiles used for imputing wages of non-employed men. All regressions also include fully interacted age, education and region indicators, year effects, month indicators, a renter indicator, a census metropolitan area/census agglomeration indicator, the unemployment rate and the rate of involuntary part-time employment defined at the age, education and region level, as well as province-specific log real minimum wages, log average real tuition fees for a bachelor’s degree and levels of social assistance income available to single individuals.
Source: Statistics Canada, authors' calculations from Labour Force Survey (February, March, September and October files).

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