Language diversity in Canada

Release date: January 22, 2025
Infographic: Language diversity in Canada
Description: Language diversity in Canada

In 2021, 10.7 million people in Canada, or 30% of the population, could speak a non-official language. Of these people, 10 million (94%) also knew English or French.

Spanish was the non-official language spoken by the most people, followed by Mandarin and Punjabi.

While the median age of all non-official language speakers was 39, it varied from one language to another. It was 33 for Punjabi and 57 for Italian.

Table 1
Tagalog had the highest proportion of women+ Table 1 Note 1 speakers (57.9%).
Language Number of speakers Proportion of women+ speakers Median age
Note 1

The category “women+” includes women as well as some non-binary persons.

Return to note 1 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, Census of Population, 2021.
Spanish 1,171,000 53.2% 39
Mandarin 987,000 54.1% 39
Punjabi 942,000 48.2% 33
Arabic 838,000 47.9% 35
Hindi 761,000 48.1% 34
Tagalog 738,000 57.9% 42
Cantonese 725,000 53.8% 50
Italian 548,000 51.8% 57
German 419,000 51.1% 55
Urdu 415,000 48.9% 34
Portuguese 337,000 51.0% 45
Russian 309,000 53.0% 41
Tamil 238,000 49.7% 36
Vietnamese 233,000 53.8% 44
Persian 222,000 49.7% 39
Gujarati 209,000 47.5% 35
Korean 204,000 54.7% 38
Polish 204,000 54.0% 53
Greek 145,000 50.6% 52
Ukrainian 132,000 55.0% 53
Bengali 121,000 48.3% 35
Romanian 117,000 52.3% 44
Hebrew 83,000 48.9% 43
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