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- Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016257Description:
This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists.
This paper describes the methods used to increase the response rates of a generalist and specialist physician survey. The means of delivery (regular versus priority mail) and notification of inclusion in a draw for cash prizes were randomized using a 2 x 2 factorial design. While neither priority delivery nor notification of a cash prize sufficiently overcame whatever obstacles exist in this population, both approaches had a positive, though limited, effect on the response rate of the physicians. However, a subsequent mailing of a prepaid cash incentive (delivered by courier) was particularly effective in increasing the representation of the generalist subsample.
Release date: 2002-09-12 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X20010016294Description:
This paper discusses in detail issues dealing with the technical aspects of designing and conducting surveys. It is intended for an audience of survey methodologists. Outcome rates in telephone surveys are usually based on an entire sample. However, telephone samples from commercial sample vendors contain identifiable subsets of records with very different probabilities of obtaining particular dispositions. In such a case, component outcome rates could vary in ways unrelated to rates based on the entire sample. The 2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey examines the degree to which selected outcome rates (by state, for different subsets of records) correlate with corresponding global rates. Although correlations tend to be large, not all cases are, making it worthwhile to examine component outcome rates.
Release date: 2002-09-12 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X20020016419Description:
Since some individuals in a population may lack telephones, telephone surveys using random digit dialling within strata may result in asymptotically biased estimators of ratios. The impact from not being able to sample the non-telephone population is examined. We take into account the propensity that a household owns a telephone, when proposing a post-stratified telephone-weighted estimator, which seems to perform better than the typical post-stratified estimator in terms of mean squared error. Such coverage propensities are estimated using the Public Use Microdata Samples, as provided by the United States Census. Non-post-stratified estimators are considered when sample sizes are small. The asymptotic mean squared error, along with its estimate based on a sample of each of the estimators is derived. Real examples are analysed using the Public Use Microdata Samples. Other forms of no-nresponse are not examined herein.
Release date: 2002-07-05 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X20010026089Description:
Telephone surveys are a convenient and efficient method of data collection. Bias may be introduced into population estimates, however, by the exclusion of nontelephone households from these surveys. Data from the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) indicates that five and a half to six percent of American households are without phone service at any given time. The bias introduced can be significant since nontelephone households may differ from telephone households in ways that are not adequately handled by poststratification. Many households, called "transients", move in and out of the telephone population during the year, sometimes due to economic reasons or relocation. The transient telephone population may be representative of the nontelephone population in general since its members have recently been in the nontelephone population.
Release date: 2002-02-28 - 25. Telesurvey methodologies for household surveys: A review and some thoughts for the future ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X20010015851Description:
We consider 'telesurveys' as surveys in which the predominant or unique mode of collection is based on some means of electronic telecommunications - including both the telephone and other more advanced technological devices such as e-mail, Internet, videophone or fax. We review, briefly, the early history of telephone surveys, and, in more detail, recent developments in the areas of sample design and estimation, coverage and nonresponse and evaluation of data quality. All these methodological developments have led the telephone survey to become the major mode of collection in the sample survey field in the past quarter of a century. Other modes of advanced telecommunication are fast becoming important supplements and even competitors to the fixed line telephone and are already being used in various ways for sample surveys. We examine their potential for survey work and the possible impact of current and future technological developments of the communications industry on survey practice and their methodological implications.
Release date: 2001-08-22 - Public use microdata: 82M0009XDescription:
The National Population Health Survey (NPHS) used the Labour Force Survey sampling frame to draw the initial sample of approximately 20,000 households starting in 1994 and for the sample top-up this third cycle. The survey is conducted every two years. The sample collection is distributed over four quarterly periods followed by a follow-up period and the whole process takes a year. In each household, some limited health information is collected from all household members and one person in each household is randomly selected for a more in-depth interview.
The survey is designed to collect information on the health of the Canadian population and related socio-demographic information. The first cycle of data collection began in 1994, and continues every second year thereafter. The survey is designed to produce both cross-sectional and longitudinal estimates. The questionnaires includes content related to health status, use of health services, determinants of health, a health index, chronic conditions and activity restrictions. The use of health services is probed through visits to health care providers, both traditional and non-traditional, and the use of drugs and other mediciations. Health determinants include smoking, alcohol use and physical activity. A special focus content for this cycle includes family medical history with questions about certain chronic conditions among immediate family members and when they were acquired. As well, a section on self care has also been included this cycle. The socio-demographic information includes age, sex, education, ethnicity, household income and labour force status.
Release date: 2000-12-19 - Articles and reports: 56-001-X20000015155Description:
This is the second release of preliminary data in advance of the annual publication, scheduled for completion in October of this year. It covers facilities-based carriers (wireline, wireless and satellite) as well as resellers.
Release date: 2000-08-11 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X19990014715Description:
The Gallup Organization has been conducting household surveys to study state-wide prevalences of alcohol and drug (e.g., cocaine, marijuana, etc.) use. Traditional design-based survey estimates of use and dependence for counties and select demographic groups have unacceptably large standard errors because sample sizes in sub-state groups are two small. Synthetic estimation incorporates demographic information and social indicators in estimates of prevalence through an implicit regression model. Synthetic estimates tend to have smaller variances than design-based estimates, but can be very homogeneous across counties when auxiliary variables are homogeneous. Composite estimates for small areas are weighted averages of design-based survey estimates and synthetic estimates. A second problem generally not encountered at the state level but present for sub-state areas and groups concerns estimating standard errors of estimated prevalences that are close to zero. This difficulty affects not only telephone household survey estimates, but also composite estimates. A hierarchical model is proposed to address this problem. Empirical Bayes composite estimators, which incorporate survey weights, of prevalences and jackknife estimators of their mean squared errors are presented and illustrated.
Release date: 1999-10-08 - 29. Non-profit Managers and Cross Sectoral Experience: Interviews with Canada Red Cross Society Managers ArchivedArticles and reports: 75F0002M1999006Description:
This paper explores the management development profiles of mid-to-senior level managers of the Canadian Red Cross Society.
Release date: 1999-09-27 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X199400214425Description:
We present a formal model based sampling solution to the problem of estimating list frame size based on capture-recapture sampling which has been widely used for animal populations and for adjusting the US census. For two incomplete lists it is easy to estimate total frame size using the Lincoln-Petersen estimator. This estimator is model based with a key assumption being independence of the two lists. Once an estimator of the population (frame) size has been obtained it is possible to obtain an estimator of a population total for some characteristic if a sample of units has that characteristic measured. A discussion of the properties of this estimator will be presented. An example where the establishments are fishing boats taking part in an ocean fishery off the Atlantic Coast of the United States is presented. Estimation of frame size and then population totals using a capture-recapture model is likely to have broad application in establishment surveys due to practicality and cost savings but possible biases due to assumption violations need to be considered.
Release date: 1994-12-15
Data (1)
Data (1) ((1 result))
- Public use microdata: 82M0009XDescription:
The National Population Health Survey (NPHS) used the Labour Force Survey sampling frame to draw the initial sample of approximately 20,000 households starting in 1994 and for the sample top-up this third cycle. The survey is conducted every two years. The sample collection is distributed over four quarterly periods followed by a follow-up period and the whole process takes a year. In each household, some limited health information is collected from all household members and one person in each household is randomly selected for a more in-depth interview.
The survey is designed to collect information on the health of the Canadian population and related socio-demographic information. The first cycle of data collection began in 1994, and continues every second year thereafter. The survey is designed to produce both cross-sectional and longitudinal estimates. The questionnaires includes content related to health status, use of health services, determinants of health, a health index, chronic conditions and activity restrictions. The use of health services is probed through visits to health care providers, both traditional and non-traditional, and the use of drugs and other mediciations. Health determinants include smoking, alcohol use and physical activity. A special focus content for this cycle includes family medical history with questions about certain chronic conditions among immediate family members and when they were acquired. As well, a section on self care has also been included this cycle. The socio-demographic information includes age, sex, education, ethnicity, household income and labour force status.
Release date: 2000-12-19
Analysis (28)
Analysis (28) (0 to 10 of 28 results)
- Articles and reports: 12-001-X201100211608Description:
Designs and estimators for the single frame surveys currently used by U.S. government agencies were developed in response to practical problems. Federal household surveys now face challenges of decreasing response rates and frame coverage, higher data collection costs, and increasing demand for small area statistics. Multiple frame surveys, in which independent samples are drawn from separate frames, can be used to help meet some of these challenges. Examples include combining a list frame with an area frame or using two frames to sample landline telephone households and cellular telephone households. We review point estimators and weight adjustments that can be used to analyze multiple frame surveys with standard survey software, and summarize construction of replicate weights for variance estimation. Because of their increased complexity, multiple frame surveys face some challenges not found in single frame surveys. We investigate misclassification bias in multiple frame surveys, and propose a method for correcting for this bias when misclassification probabilities are known. Finally, we discuss research that is needed on nonsampling errors with multiple frame surveys.
Release date: 2011-12-21 - Articles and reports: 12-001-X201100111443Description:
Dual frame telephone surveys are becoming common in the U.S. because of the incompleteness of the landline frame as people transition to cell phones. This article examines nonsampling errors in dual frame telephone surveys. Even though nonsampling errors are ignored in much of the dual frame literature, we find that under some conditions substantial biases may arise in dual frame telephone surveys due to these errors. We specifically explore biases due to nonresponse and measurement error in these telephone surveys. To reduce the bias resulting from these errors, we propose dual frame sampling and weighting methods. The compositing factor for combining the estimates from the two frames is shown to play an important role in reducing nonresponse bias.
Release date: 2011-06-29 - Articles and reports: 85-002-X201100111415Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
In 2009, as part of its General Social Survey program, Statistics Canada conducted a survey on victimization and public perceptions of crime and the justice system. Interviews were conducted by telephone with approximately 19,500 respondents, aged 15 and older, living in the 10 provinces. Respondents were asked about their experiences with criminal victimization. Those respondents who had been victims of a crime in the previous 12 months were asked for detailed information on each incident, including when and where it occurred; whether the incident was reported to the police; and how they were affected by the experience.This Juristat article presents information on criminal victimizations as reported by Aboriginal people living in the ten provinces during 2009, with a particular focus on violent victimizations. It analyses the characteristics associated with such incidents, including the socio-demographic risk factors, consequences of victimization, reasons for reporting (and not reporting) incidents to police and perceptions of personal safety.
Release date: 2011-03-11 - 4. Statistical foundations of cell-phone surveys ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X201000211382Description:
The size of the cell-phone-only population in the USA has increased rapidly in recent years and, correspondingly, researchers have begun to experiment with sampling and interviewing of cell-phone subscribers. We discuss statistical issues involved in the sampling design and estimation phases of cell-phone studies. This work is presented primarily in the context of a nonoverlapping dual-frame survey in which one frame and sample are employed for the landline population and a second frame and sample are employed for the cell-phone-only population. Additional considerations necessary for overlapping dual-frame surveys (where the cell-phone frame and sample include some of the landline population) are also discussed. We illustrate the methods using the design of the National Immunization Survey (NIS), which monitors the vaccination rates of children age 19-35 months and teens age 13-17 years. The NIS is a nationwide telephone survey, followed by a provider record check, conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Release date: 2010-12-21 - 5. Respondent differences and length of data collection in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System ArchivedArticles and reports: 12-001-X201000211384Description:
The current economic downturn in the US could challenge costly strategies in survey operations. In the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), ending the monthly data collection at 31 days could be a less costly alternative. However, this could potentially exclude a portion of interviews completed after 31 days (late responders) whose respondent characteristics could be different in many respects from those who completed the survey within 31 days (early responders). We examined whether there are differences between the early and late responders in demographics, health-care coverage, general health status, health risk behaviors, and chronic disease conditions or illnesses. We used 2007 BRFSS data, where a representative sample of the noninstitutionalized adult U.S. population was selected using a random digit dialing method. Late responders were significantly more likely to be male; to report race/ethnicity as Hispanic; to have annual income higher than $50,000; to be younger than 45 years of age; to have less than high school education; to have health-care coverage; to be significantly more likely to report good health; and to be significantly less likely to report hypertension, diabetes, or being obese. The observed differences between early and late responders on survey estimates may hardly influence national and state-level estimates. As the proportion of late responders may increase in the future, its impact on surveillance estimates should be examined before excluding from the analysis. Analysis on late responders only should combine several years of data to produce reliable estimates.
Release date: 2010-12-21 - 6. Criminal victimization in Canada, 2009 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X201000211340Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
In 2009, as part of its General Social Survey program, Statistics Canada conducted a survey on victimization and public perceptions of crime and the justice system. It was the fifith time that the General Social Survey (GSS) had examined victimization - previous surveys were conducted in 2004, 1999, 1993 and 1988.
For the 2009 survey, interviews were conducted by telephone with approximately 19,500 respondents, aged 15 and older, living in the 10 provinces. Respondents were asked about their experiences with criminal victimization. Those respondents who had been victims of a crime in the previous 12 months were asked for detailed information on each incident, including when and where it occurred; whether the incident was reported to the police; and how they were affected by the experience.
This Juristat explores the overall trends and regional variations of criminal victimization, as well as the individual risk factors associated with victimization.
Release date: 2010-09-28 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X200800010954Description:
Over the past year, Statistics Canada has been developing and testing a new way to monitor the performance of interviewers conducting computer-assisted personal interviews (CAPI). A formal process already exists for monitoring centralized telephone interviews. Monitors listen to telephone interviews as they take place to assess the interviewer's performance using pre-defined criteria and provide feedback to the interviewer on what was well done and what needs improvement. For the CAPI program, we have developed and are testing a pilot approach whereby interviews are digitally recorded and later a monitor listens to these recordings to assess the field interviewer's performance and provide feedback in order to help improve the quality of the data. In this paper, we will present an overview of the CAPI monitoring project at Statistics Canada by describing the CAPI monitoring methodology and the plans for implementation.
Release date: 2009-12-03 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X200800010958Description:
Telephone Data Entry (TDE) is a system by which survey respondents can return their data to the Office for National Statistics (ONS) using the keypad on their telephone and currently accounts for approximately 12% of total responses to ONS business surveys. ONS is currently increasing the number of surveys which use TDE as the primary mode of response and this paper gives an overview of the redevelopment project covering; the redevelopment of the paper questionnaire, enhancements made to the TDE system and the results from piloting these changes. Improvements to the quality of the data received and increased response via TDE as a result of these developments suggest that data quality improvements and cost savings are possible as a result of promoting TDE as the primary mode of response to short term surveys.
Release date: 2009-12-03 - Articles and reports: 11-522-X200800010994Description:
The growing difficulty of reaching respondents has a general impact on non-response in telephone surveys, especially those that use random digit dialling (RDD), such as the General Social Survey (GSS). The GSS is an annual multipurpose survey with 25,000 respondents. Its aim is to monitor the characteristics of and major changes in Canada's social structure. GSS Cycle 21 (2007) was about the family, social support and retirement. Its target population consisted of persons aged 45 and over living in the 10 Canadian provinces. For more effective coverage, part of the sample was taken from a follow-up with the respondents of GSS Cycle 20 (2006), which was on family transitions. The remainder was a new RDD sample. In this paper, we describe the survey's sampling plan and the random digit dialling method used. Then we discuss the challenges of calculating the non-response rate in an RDD survey that targets a subset of a population, for which the in-scope population must be estimated or modelled. This is done primarily through the use of paradata. The methodology used in GSS Cycle 21 is presented in detail.
Release date: 2009-12-03 - 10. An update on "a time to interview" ArchivedArticles and reports: 11-522-X200800010995Description:
In 1992, a paper entitled "The Optimum Time at which to Conduct Survey Interviews" sought to illustrate the economic benefits to market research organisations in structuring the calling pattern of interviewers in household surveys. The findings were based on the Welsh Inter Censal Survey in 1986. This paper now brings additional information on the calling patterns of interviewers from similar surveys in 1997 and 2006 to ascertain whether the calling patterns of interviewers have changed. The results also examine the importance of having a survey response that is representative of the population, and how efficient calling strategies can help achieve this.
Release date: 2009-12-03
Reference (1)
Reference (1) ((1 result))
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 89F0115XDescription:
This document provides a comprehensive reference to the information available from the General Social Survey (GSS). It provides a description of the content of each of the 18 GSS cycles (e.g. time use, social support, education, the family), as well as background information, target population and collection methodology. A list of the products and services available from each cycle is also included.
Release date: 2019-02-20
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