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- 1. Estimation of Research and Development Expenditures in the Higher Education Sector, 1999-2000 ArchivedArticles and reports: 88F0006X2001015Description:
This paper provides an explanation of the estimation procedures used to calculate 1999-2000 research and development (R&D) expenditures in the higher education sector, as well as further refinement based upon investigations.
Release date: 2001-12-21 - 2. Housing Depreciation in the Canadian CPI ArchivedArticles and reports: 62F0014M2001015Geography: CanadaDescription:
The Canadian Consumer Price Index (CPI) applies a version of the user cost approach to measure the cost of home ownership. Because this approach specifically estimates the costs of using owned accommodation and not those faced by tenants, the measure includes a "replacement cost" (or depreciation) component. Depreciation is the only component in the CPI that is not an out-of-pocket expense. Consequently, economists face a unique set of methodological challenges when measuring depreciation.
Between 1949 and 1997, the annual housing depreciation rate used in the CPI was 2%. Statistics Canada adopted the rate from a study that analysed U.S. Federal Housing Administration field appraisal data from 1939.
This study argues that there is evidence that the 2% depreciation rate is too high to continue to use in the future. Consider that: 1) other Canadian studies show an upper bound of 1.7%, with a median estimate of 1.5%; 2) other statistical agencies use lower rates; and 3) every academic study over the past 40 years has arrived at a lower rate. As a consequence of this study and the existing supporting evidence, the depreciation rate in the Canadian CPI was lowered to 1.5% effective January 1998.
Release date: 2001-11-28 - 3. Methodology of the Survey of Household Spending ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 62F0026M2001003Description:
This document provides a detailed description of the methodology of the Survey of Household Spending. Topics covered include: target population; sample design; data collection; data processing; weighting and estimation; estimation of sampling error; and data suppression and confidentiality.
Release date: 2001-10-15 - 4. Survey of Financial Security - Methodology for Estimating the Value of Employer Pension Plan Benefits ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 13F0026M2001003Description:
Initial results from the Survey of Financial Security (SFS), which provides information on the net worth of Canadians, were released on March 15 2001, in The daily. The survey collected information on the value of the financial and non-financial assets owned by each family unit and on the amount of their debt.
Statistics Canada is currently refining this initial estimate of net worth by adding to it an estimate of the value of benefits accrued in employer pension plans. This is an important addition to any asset and debt survey as, for many family units, it is likely to be one of the largest assets. With the aging of the population, information on pension accumulations is greatly needed to better understand the financial situation of those nearing retirement. These updated estimates of the Survey of Financial Security will be released in late fall 2001.
The process for estimating the value of employer pension plan benefits is a complex one. This document describes the methodology for estimating that value, for the following groups: a) persons who belonged to an RPP at the time of the survey (referred to as current plan members); b) persons who had previously belonged to an RPP and either left the money in the plan or transferred it to a new plan; c) persons who are receiving RPP benefits.
This methodology was proposed by Hubert Frenken and Michael Cohen. The former has many years of experience with Statistics Canada working with data on employer pension plans; the latter is a principal with the actuarial consulting firm William M. Mercer. Earlier this year, Statistics Canada carried out a public consultation on the proposed methodology. This report includes updates made as a result of feedback received from data users.
Release date: 2001-09-05 - 5. The Labour Cost Index ArchivedJournals and periodicals: 71-586-XDescription:
This paper is a response to the requests of Canadian policy makers and researchers to develop a comprehensive index of total labour costs for the Canadian economy. This Labour Cost Index (LCI), which measures both wage and non-wage costs, would be free from the influence of employment shifts in industries and occupations.
This paper provides a review of the U.S. Employment Cost Index (ECI). The paper describes the LCI in general terms and compares this measure of labour cost with some other Canadian labour market indicators. The paper lists some of the uses and limitations of labour cost index based on the experiences of some other countries with such an index. The paper outlines the proposed plans and micro data model to be tested to develop a Canadian LCI. The major milestones and development issues are summarized in the paper.
Release date: 2001-08-24 - 6. Recent Developments in the Low Income Cut-offs ArchivedArticles and reports: 75F0002M2001003Description:
This paper outlines the results of an investigation into three aspects of the low income cut-offs: the behaviour of a proposed 'annually updated' low income series, the addition of payroll taxes, and the restructuring of the matrix of 35 cut-offs.
Release date: 2001-07-13 - Journals and periodicals: 85F0035XGeography: CanadaDescription:
A comparison of crime rates between Canada and the United States is often sought by the media, researchers, and policy makers. Recognizing this demand, along with the methodological complexities, the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics has undertaken the task of assessing the feasibility of comparing police reported statistics between these two countries. This report compares and contrasts the specific offence definitions, classification, and scoring rules of the Canadian and American Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) surveys. Offences are organized according to the type of survey (aggregate versus incident based) and level of analysis (incident level and accused level). Where applicable, the discussion notes modifications that could allow for reliable cross-national comparisons. The report also briefly discusses the potential of comparing detailed offence characteristics.
Release date: 2001-07-03 - 8. Televisions: Quality Changes and Scanner Data ArchivedArticles and reports: 62F0014M2001014Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper is the first in a series of reports examining the possible use of scanner data for constructing price indexes. This case study focuses on televisions and compares their price behaviour taken from current surveying methods with alternative measures obtained from massaging electronic data records on all sales by a retailer over a comparable period. Examination of the price index history for televisions shows that the recognition and adjustment for quality change in the sample and the impact of shifts in purchasing patterns have similar impact on the index numbers. The advantages of scanner data - that they record actual sales and current purchasing patterns - have to be set against the difficulty of recognising quality change. This analysis shows that while there are substantial gains from using scanner data in monitoring and adjusting for purchasing pattern changes, it is difficult to account for quality changes without micro-editing the data. The scanner data set raises statistical issues, largely questions of what aggregation across time, outlets and products should be done, that have to be answered before using it in index estimation. Future analysis will be aimed at resolving these issues.
Release date: 2001-06-01 - 9. Entry Exit Component for Labour Interview: January 2000, Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M2000013Description:
This document presents the information for the new entry exit portion of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) labour interview.
Release date: 2001-04-17 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M2000015Description:
This document outlines the structure of the January 2000 Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) labour interview, including question wording, possible responses, and flows of questions.
Release date: 2001-04-17
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Analysis (7)
Analysis (7) ((7 results))
- 1. Estimation of Research and Development Expenditures in the Higher Education Sector, 1999-2000 ArchivedArticles and reports: 88F0006X2001015Description:
This paper provides an explanation of the estimation procedures used to calculate 1999-2000 research and development (R&D) expenditures in the higher education sector, as well as further refinement based upon investigations.
Release date: 2001-12-21 - 2. Housing Depreciation in the Canadian CPI ArchivedArticles and reports: 62F0014M2001015Geography: CanadaDescription:
The Canadian Consumer Price Index (CPI) applies a version of the user cost approach to measure the cost of home ownership. Because this approach specifically estimates the costs of using owned accommodation and not those faced by tenants, the measure includes a "replacement cost" (or depreciation) component. Depreciation is the only component in the CPI that is not an out-of-pocket expense. Consequently, economists face a unique set of methodological challenges when measuring depreciation.
Between 1949 and 1997, the annual housing depreciation rate used in the CPI was 2%. Statistics Canada adopted the rate from a study that analysed U.S. Federal Housing Administration field appraisal data from 1939.
This study argues that there is evidence that the 2% depreciation rate is too high to continue to use in the future. Consider that: 1) other Canadian studies show an upper bound of 1.7%, with a median estimate of 1.5%; 2) other statistical agencies use lower rates; and 3) every academic study over the past 40 years has arrived at a lower rate. As a consequence of this study and the existing supporting evidence, the depreciation rate in the Canadian CPI was lowered to 1.5% effective January 1998.
Release date: 2001-11-28 - 3. The Labour Cost Index ArchivedJournals and periodicals: 71-586-XDescription:
This paper is a response to the requests of Canadian policy makers and researchers to develop a comprehensive index of total labour costs for the Canadian economy. This Labour Cost Index (LCI), which measures both wage and non-wage costs, would be free from the influence of employment shifts in industries and occupations.
This paper provides a review of the U.S. Employment Cost Index (ECI). The paper describes the LCI in general terms and compares this measure of labour cost with some other Canadian labour market indicators. The paper lists some of the uses and limitations of labour cost index based on the experiences of some other countries with such an index. The paper outlines the proposed plans and micro data model to be tested to develop a Canadian LCI. The major milestones and development issues are summarized in the paper.
Release date: 2001-08-24 - 4. Recent Developments in the Low Income Cut-offs ArchivedArticles and reports: 75F0002M2001003Description:
This paper outlines the results of an investigation into three aspects of the low income cut-offs: the behaviour of a proposed 'annually updated' low income series, the addition of payroll taxes, and the restructuring of the matrix of 35 cut-offs.
Release date: 2001-07-13 - Journals and periodicals: 85F0035XGeography: CanadaDescription:
A comparison of crime rates between Canada and the United States is often sought by the media, researchers, and policy makers. Recognizing this demand, along with the methodological complexities, the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics has undertaken the task of assessing the feasibility of comparing police reported statistics between these two countries. This report compares and contrasts the specific offence definitions, classification, and scoring rules of the Canadian and American Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) surveys. Offences are organized according to the type of survey (aggregate versus incident based) and level of analysis (incident level and accused level). Where applicable, the discussion notes modifications that could allow for reliable cross-national comparisons. The report also briefly discusses the potential of comparing detailed offence characteristics.
Release date: 2001-07-03 - 6. Televisions: Quality Changes and Scanner Data ArchivedArticles and reports: 62F0014M2001014Geography: CanadaDescription:
This paper is the first in a series of reports examining the possible use of scanner data for constructing price indexes. This case study focuses on televisions and compares their price behaviour taken from current surveying methods with alternative measures obtained from massaging electronic data records on all sales by a retailer over a comparable period. Examination of the price index history for televisions shows that the recognition and adjustment for quality change in the sample and the impact of shifts in purchasing patterns have similar impact on the index numbers. The advantages of scanner data - that they record actual sales and current purchasing patterns - have to be set against the difficulty of recognising quality change. This analysis shows that while there are substantial gains from using scanner data in monitoring and adjusting for purchasing pattern changes, it is difficult to account for quality changes without micro-editing the data. The scanner data set raises statistical issues, largely questions of what aggregation across time, outlets and products should be done, that have to be answered before using it in index estimation. Future analysis will be aimed at resolving these issues.
Release date: 2001-06-01 - 7. Geographic Structures As Census Variables: Using Geography to Analyse Social and Economic Processes ArchivedArticles and reports: 92F0138M2001001Description:
Traditionally, Statistics Canada uses standard geographic areas as "containers" for the dissemination of statistical data. However, geographic structures are often used as variables in general applications, for example, to document the rural and urban population in a specific area such as an incorporated municipality (census subdivision). They are not often cross-tabulated with each other to illustrate and analyse specific social and economic processes, for example, the settlement patterns of the population inside and outside of larger urban centres broken down by urban and rural areas.The introduction of the census metropolitan area and census agglomeration influenced zone (MIZ) concept presents additional opportunities to use geographic structures as variables to analyse census data.The objectives of this working paper are to illustrate the advantages of using geographic structures as variables to better analyse social and economic processes and to initiate a discussion in the user community about using these variables and the potential of this largely untapped capability of the Census databases. In order to achieve these objectives, four examples of geography as a variable are presented. The examples include Aboriginal persons living on-reserve and off-reserve in urban and rural areas in Canada, the unemployment rate of persons living in urban and rural areas in Canada, the gross rent of renter households in urban and rural areas in Canada, and the migration flows of persons 15 to 24 years of age between major urban centres and rural and small town areas (MIZ).Our intent is to encourage the use of geographic structures as census variables in order to provide users with the tools that will enable them to more accurately analyse the social and economic processes that take place in the geographic areas of Canada.
Release date: 2001-03-16
Reference (10)
Reference (10) ((10 results))
- 1. Methodology of the Survey of Household Spending ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 62F0026M2001003Description:
This document provides a detailed description of the methodology of the Survey of Household Spending. Topics covered include: target population; sample design; data collection; data processing; weighting and estimation; estimation of sampling error; and data suppression and confidentiality.
Release date: 2001-10-15 - 2. Survey of Financial Security - Methodology for Estimating the Value of Employer Pension Plan Benefits ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 13F0026M2001003Description:
Initial results from the Survey of Financial Security (SFS), which provides information on the net worth of Canadians, were released on March 15 2001, in The daily. The survey collected information on the value of the financial and non-financial assets owned by each family unit and on the amount of their debt.
Statistics Canada is currently refining this initial estimate of net worth by adding to it an estimate of the value of benefits accrued in employer pension plans. This is an important addition to any asset and debt survey as, for many family units, it is likely to be one of the largest assets. With the aging of the population, information on pension accumulations is greatly needed to better understand the financial situation of those nearing retirement. These updated estimates of the Survey of Financial Security will be released in late fall 2001.
The process for estimating the value of employer pension plan benefits is a complex one. This document describes the methodology for estimating that value, for the following groups: a) persons who belonged to an RPP at the time of the survey (referred to as current plan members); b) persons who had previously belonged to an RPP and either left the money in the plan or transferred it to a new plan; c) persons who are receiving RPP benefits.
This methodology was proposed by Hubert Frenken and Michael Cohen. The former has many years of experience with Statistics Canada working with data on employer pension plans; the latter is a principal with the actuarial consulting firm William M. Mercer. Earlier this year, Statistics Canada carried out a public consultation on the proposed methodology. This report includes updates made as a result of feedback received from data users.
Release date: 2001-09-05 - 3. Entry Exit Component for Labour Interview: January 2000, Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M2000013Description:
This document presents the information for the new entry exit portion of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) labour interview.
Release date: 2001-04-17 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M2000015Description:
This document outlines the structure of the January 2000 Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) labour interview, including question wording, possible responses, and flows of questions.
Release date: 2001-04-17 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 13F0031M2001009Description:
The work on Input-output (IO) tables in Canada started in the early 1960s. At the very beginning, it was decided that IO tables must fulfill several roles and provide: (a) an audit and management tool to improve economic statistics for their consistency, accuracy and comprehensiveness; (b) benchmarks for gross domestic product (GDP), its income side and components, its expenditures side and components and GDP by industry estimates, both at current prices and constant prices and (c) a framework for structural analysis.
Release date: 2001-04-10 - 6. Entry Exit Component for Income Interview: May 2000, Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M2000012Description:
This document presents the information for the new entry exit portion of the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) income interview.
Release date: 2001-03-27 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M2000014Description:
This paper describes the collection method and content of the 2000 Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) income interview.
Release date: 2001-03-27 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M2000016Description:
This paper presents the questions, possible responses and question flows for the 2000 Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) preliminary questionnaire.
Release date: 2001-03-27 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 13F0031M2001008Description:
Under any degree of inflation, high or low, the values of changes in inventories (VPC) is generally different when it is calculated at the quarterly interval and the four quarters are aggregated into a year compared with its calculation done at the yearly interval. It is argued in this paper that it is an inherent problem as one of the basic axioms of annual accounts is violated, namely, the assumption of price homogeneity over an accounting period.
Release date: 2001-03-16 - 10. Survey of Financial Security Interview Questionnaire ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 13F0026M2001001Description:
This document briefly describes the Survey of Financial Security and presents the questionnaire used for the interview. The Survey of Financial Security (SFS) was conducted during May and June of 1999. The information was collected by personal interview, using a paper questionnaire. Introductory material was sent to the respondent prior to the first contact by the interviewer.
Approximately 23,000 dwellings were selected for the sample, most using the Labour Force Survey frame. The high-income sample was drawn from geographic areas with a larger concentration of high-income households.
The survey collected the following type of information: (1) general demographic information on all members of the family, (2) more detailed information on the education, employment, income, etc., on those family members 15 years of age and older, and, (3) asset and debt information on the family as a whole.
Release date: 2001-01-24
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