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- Articles and reports: 14-28-0001202000100007Description:
In the publication Quality of Employment in Canada, the Employees with low pay indicator measures the proportion of employees earning less than two-thirds of the median hourly earnings (before tax and other deductions) at their main job.
Release date: 2022-05-30 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M2016378Description:
In spite of the role that employers may play in the selection of economic immigrants, little is known about whether and how firm-level characteristics are associated with immigrants’ labour market outcomes over the longer term. As a first step towards providing relevant evidence, this study asks whether there are large gaps between the initial earnings of immigrants starting with low- or high-paying firms, and whether the initial earnings gaps narrow with increasing length of residence in Canada. It further examines whether earnings returns to human capital among immigrants are larger if they start working in high-paying firms than in low-paying firms. This paper uses data from the Canadian Employer-Employee Dynamics Database (CEEDD) developed by Statistics Canada.
Release date: 2016-06-01 - 3. International differences in low-paid work ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X200910613231Geography: CanadaDescription:
Like the United States and the United Kingdom, Canada has a higher proportion of low-paid jobs than Australia and most countries in continental Europe. While the differences with continental Europe highlight different approaches to the labour market, the much lower rate of low-paid work in Australia is more puzzling since that country shares many similarities with Canada. Differences in wage-setting mechanisms appear to play a role in explaining the disparity in rates of low-paid jobs.
Release date: 2009-09-18 - 4. Adapting to Import Competition: Effects of Low-wage Trade on Commodity Mix in Canadian Manufacturing Plants ArchivedArticles and reports: 11F0027M2008054Geography: CanadaDescription:
The paper investigates how Canadian manufacturing plants adjust to an increase in low-wage import competition by changing their commodity portfolios. At the commodity level, we distinguish between 'core' versus 'peripheral' and differentiated versus homogeneous commodities. We also account for cost and technological complementarities using input-output linkages between commodities produced by a plant. We document large commodity turnover within plants over the period from 1988 to 1996. The largest changes happened in multi-commodity plants and involved peripheral commodities. The commodities that were affected the most were those commodities that are potentially used as inputs in production of the 'core' commodity; homogeneous (rather than differentiated) commodities; and, commodities with relatively weak input complementarities with the core product. Plants experiencing large import competition shifted their output toward production of their core commodity and away from production of unrelated peripheral commodities.
Release date: 2008-05-16 - 5. High School Dropouts Returning to School ArchivedArticles and reports: 81-595-M2008055Geography: CanadaDescription:
Dropout rates, defined as the proportion of 20 to 24 year-olds without a high school diploma and not attending school, have been trending downward. Data from the Labour Force Survey shows that the rate for men fell from 21% in 1990/1991 to 14% in 2004/2005; for women, the rates were 16% in 1990/1991 and 9% in 2004/2005. Many dropouts later return to school, taking advantage of the 'second-chance' educational opportunities offered by provinces and institutions across Canada.
This report uses data from the Youth in Transition Survey to analyze the determinants of the return-to-school. The analysis finds that dropout rates are lower among young women than among young men and that, if they do dropout before completing high school, young women are also more likely to return to school than young men.
Young male and female dropouts are influenced by different factors in their decision to return to school. For young male dropouts, two of the strongest predictors of the decision to return to school are their parents' education and having taken, in high school, a mathematics course designed to prepare them for postsecondary studies. Young men who dropped out in their last year of high school were more likely to return to school than their counterparts who had dropped out earlier. For young women, time elapsed since leaving school is the most influential factor. However, young women who left school due to personal reasons (most often, pregnancy) are 30% more likely to return than other female dropouts.
Release date: 2008-04-09 - Articles and reports: 21-006-X2007004Geography: CanadaDescription:
The objective of this paper is to document the characteristics of the rural and urban working poor specifically, those individuals living in a low-income economic family unit in 2003, who were not full-time students and who worked for pay for at least one hour in 2003. We then present some of the factors associated with their situation.
Release date: 2008-01-14 - Articles and reports: 89-001-X20070019644Geography: CanadaDescription:
The North American experience with international migration stands in unique contrast to much of the rest of the world. This paper uses microdata drawn from the national censuses of Canada, the United States, and Mexico, and applies the same methodological framework to these data to examine the impact of international migration on the labour market. We find a numerically comparable and statistically significant inverse relation between immigrant-induced shifts in labour supply and wages in each of the three countries: A 10% labour supply shift is associated with about a 3% to 4% opposite-signed change in wages. Despite the similarity in the wage elasticity, the impact of international migration on the wage structure differs significantly across countries. In Canada, international migration substantially narrowed wage inequality because immigrants in Canada tend to be disproportionately high-skilled. In the United States, international migration substantially increased wage inequality because immigrants in the United States tend to be disproportionately low-skilled. In Mexico, however, emigration rates are highest in the middle of the skill distribution and lowest at the extremes. As a result, international migration greatly increased relative wages in the middle of the Mexican skill distribution and lowered relative wages at the extremes. Paradoxically, the large-scale migration of workers from Mexico may have slightly reduced the relative wage of the low-skill workers remaining in that country.
Release date: 2007-05-25 - 8. Low Wage and Low Income ArchivedArticles and reports: 75F0002M2006006Description:
This report examines the transitions into and out of low income and the persistence of low income among Canadians. It also examines the incidence of low wage among full-time workers and the extent to which low wage workers live in low income families.
Release date: 2006-04-06 - Articles and reports: 11-621-M2006039Geography: CanadaDescription:
Using data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) this study examines the labour market experience of Canadians who hold a university diploma and who worked at least one month in a job requiring no more than a high school diploma between 1993 and 2001.
Release date: 2006-04-06 - Articles and reports: 11-621-M2006037Geography: CanadaDescription:
This study examines China's principal imports from Canada and the world between 1998 and 2004 using the United Nations "UN Comtrade" Database. The study focuses on exports by key Canadian industries to China such as organic chemicals, wood pulp, metal and wheat.
Release date: 2006-03-14
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- 31. To What Extent Are Canadians Exposed to Low Income? ArchivedArticles and reports: 75F0002M1999001Description:
This paper investigates the extent to which Canadians were exposed to low income during the 1993 to 1996 period.
Release date: 1999-03-25 - Articles and reports: 63-016-X19980034328Geography: CanadaDescription:
To supplement the Services Indicators tables that regularly carry employment and remuneration data on six broad services industries for the most recent eight quarters, this section offers an historical overview of these same indicators, compiled annually, dating back to 1984. Employment shifts in these six industries from 1984 to 1997 are described, followed by detailed tables that quantify some aspects of services sector employment.
Release date: 1999-01-15 - 33. The Upward Mobility of Low Paid Canadians: 1993-1995 ArchivedArticles and reports: 75F0002M1998007Description:
This study examines the upward mobility of low-paid Canadians between 1993 and 1995 using data from the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID).
Release date: 1998-12-31 - 34. Private security and public policing in Canada, 1996 ArchivedArticles and reports: 85-002-X19980138294Geography: CanadaDescription:
This Juristat discusses the differences between public and private security and includes information on roles and responsibilities and minimum requirements and training. Data from the Census of Population and Housing provide counts and profiles of those working in the above occupations. These profiles include data on gender, age, education, salary, visible minorities and Aboriginal identity.
Release date: 1998-11-25 - 35. The declining labour market status of young men ArchivedArticles and reports: 89-553-X19980014019Geography: CanadaDescription:
The goal of this chapter is to document how the young fare in today's labour market. The focus is on young men for two reasons. First, most of the recent literature on the growth of earnings inequality has concentrated on the study of male earnings. This approach is chosen because one of the questions addressed is about the consequences of the growth of earnings inequality on youth age-earnings profiles. Second, and more importantly, the labour market behaviour of women is much more complicated to examine because their participation rates have changed dramatically over the last twenty years.
Release date: 1998-11-05 - Articles and reports: 11F0019M1997109Geography: CanadaDescription:
In addition to confirming a wage gap between Canadian workers as a whole and those of Aboriginal origin, our research also generated new findings: there is greater disparity in the distribution of wages among Aboriginals than among Canadian workers as a whole, even after allowing for demographic differences.
Our analysis does not stop there. Indeed, this analysis can hide considerable wage dispersions between Aboriginal groups since appreciable wage gaps were noted between these groups. Having said this, wage dispersion is most likely greater for certain Aboriginal groups than others. Since this aspect has never been studied before, the purpose of this paper is to document differences in wage dispersion for the four main Aboriginal groups. Our results show that North American Indians living on reserves are the most disadvantaged Aboriginal group because their earnings are substantially lower than those of the other groups.
Release date: 1998-01-14 - 37. The Growth of Earnings Inequality in Canada ArchivedArticles and reports: 75F0002M1996008Description:
This paper studies the growth in inequality in weekly earnings in Canada and the factors that contribute to it.
Release date: 1997-12-31 - 38. Sizing up employment in clothing manufacturing ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X19970012992Geography: CanadaDescription:
Jobs have been declining in the clothing industry since the late 1980s while production has grown. This article examines this trend, profiles those employed in the industry since 1981, and discusses factors most likely to affect future employment trends. National, provincial and
international data are also presented.
Release date: 1997-03-14 - 39. Are service jobs low-paying? ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X19960012526Geography: CanadaDescription:
Many people believe that service jobs are synonymous with low wages. This article compares average weekly earnings, excluding overtime, of paid workers across more than 100 different service industries. It also assesses the disparity in the earnings of service and goods sector workers.
Release date: 1996-03-12 - 40. Workers on the move: Quits ArchivedArticles and reports: 75-001-X199200346Geography: CanadaDescription:
A study of some of the factors affecting quit rates. In this article, quits are divided into two categories: quits for economic reasons and those for non-economic reasons.
Release date: 1992-09-01
Reference (2)
Reference (2) ((2 results))
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M1994008Description:
This document describes the survey content for the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) income data questionnaire and explains the interview process.
Release date: 1995-12-30 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 75F0002M1995012Description:
This paper describes the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) income data collection procedures and provides an overview of the interview process. May 1995 was the first year respondents could choose to carry out the interview as in the previous year, or they could grant permission for Statistics Canada to access their income tax returns from Revenue Canada and forego the interview.
Release date: 1995-12-30
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