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  • 921. Diane Cohen on the new economy Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X199300234
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The interview discusses Canada's transition from an industrial to an information economy.

    Release date: 1993-06-08
  • 922. The labour market: Mid year review Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X19910032426
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Has recovery begun? An up-to-date look at labour market developments in the first six months of 1991.

    Release date: 1991-09-05
Data (747)

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Analysis (175)

Analysis (175) (50 to 60 of 175 results)

  • 51. Real-Financial Linkages in the Canadian Economy: An Input-Output Approach Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2010065
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, the authors provide a detailed social accounting matrix (SAM), which incorporates the income and financial flows into the standard input-output matrix, for the Canadian economy for 2004. Second, they use the SAM to assess the strength of the real-financial linkages by calculating and comparing real SAM multipliers and financial social accounting matrix (FSAM) multipliers. For FSAM multipliers, financial flows are endogenous, whereas for real SAM multipliers they are not. The results show that taking into account financial flows increases the impact of a final demand shock on Canadian output. Financial flows also play an important role in determining the cumulative effect of an income shock or the availability of investment funds. Between 2008 and the first half of 2009, financial institutions shifted their investments toward government bonds, short-term paper, and foreign investments. This shift together with the fact that non-financial institutions were unwilling or unable to increase their financial liabilities, led to estimated declines in all GDP multipliers between 2008 and the first half of 2009 (2009H1). The main advantage of using the extended input-output analysis is that it provides a simple framework, with very few assumptions, which allows the assessment of the strength of real-financial linkages by means of multipliers. However, the methodology is subject to the Lucas critique, that as shocks shift prices, agents cannot adjust. Such a framework is, nevertheless, appropriate in short-term impact analysis such as this study.

    Release date: 2011-05-20
  • 52. 2010 in review Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X201100411434
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    As the recovery matured during the year, some economic trends closely resembled the performance of the economy before the recession. This was most evident in commodity prices, the stock market and the exchange rate. However, the pattern of net lending and borrowing showed a fundamental shift occurred during the recession and into the recovery.

    Release date: 2011-04-14
  • 53. Revisions and the Income and Expenditure Accounts Archived
    Articles and reports: 13-604-M2011068
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper provides some background information on revisions within the Income and Expenditure Accounts as well as a detailed revisions analysis of the quarterly real growth rate of GDP. The analysis of revisions strives to ascertain if preliminary estimates have been significantly different from the final estimate, thereby indicating reliability needs to be improved. The revisions analysis presented here looks at the behaviour of the revisions to quarterly real GDP growth rate for the period 1981 to 2007 with the objective of determining if a significant bias exists.

    Release date: 2011-03-31
  • 54. How did the 2008-2010 recession and recovery compare with previous cycles? Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X201100111401
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The 2008-2009 recession was less severe for both output and jobs than the two previous recessions. While the disruption of global financial markets did lead to a record drop in exports and severe cuts in business investment, household demand did not recede as much as in previous downturns and led the recovery. Canada is the only G7 nation to have returned to its pre-recession level, led by private domestic demand.

    Release date: 2011-01-13
  • 55. Slowdowns during periods of economic growth Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X201001211393
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Output and employment growth regularly slows, as occurred over the summer of 2010. This paper looks at slowdowns over the last three decades, and finds they occur in response to a wide range of cyclical and irregular factors. However, they rarely if ever turn into recessions.

    Release date: 2010-12-09
  • 56. The evolution of the global financial crisis and cross-border financial activity, 2007-2010 Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X201000911343
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    A review of how the unfolding of the global financial crisis was reflected in securities transactions and investment flows into and out of Canada.

    Release date: 2010-09-16
  • 57. The role of inventories in recent business cycles Archived
    Articles and reports: 11-010-X201000711321
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Inventory changes dominated the business cycle in the 1960s and 1970s. However, inventories have played little role in the last three recessions, thanks to tighter control of stocks.

    Release date: 2010-07-15
  • 58. Natural resource wealth, 1990 to 2009 Archived
    Articles and reports: 16-002-X201000211284
    Geography: Canada
    Description: Natural resources such as oil and gas, timber and minerals are an important component of Canada's wealth, generating income, employment and exports. This article examines growth in resource wealth.
    Release date: 2010-06-29
  • 59. Export Market Dynamics and Plant-level Productivity: Impact of Tariff Reductions and Exchange Rate Cycles Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2010063
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper examines how trade liberalization and fluctuations in real exchange rates affect export-market entry/exit and plant-level productivity. It uses the experience of Canadian manufacturing plants over three separate periods that featuring different rates of bilateral tariff reduction and differing movements in bilateral real exchange rates. The patterns of entry and exit responses as well as the productivity outcomes differ markedly in the three periods. Consistent with much of the recent literature, the paper finds that plants self-select into export markets-that is, more efficient plants are more likely to enter and less likely to exit export markets. The reverse also occurs: entrants to export markets improve their productivity performance relative to the population from which they originated and plants that stay in export markets do better than comparable plants that exited, lending support to the thesis that exporting boosts productivity. Finally, we find that overall market access conditions, including real exchange rate trends, significantly affect the extent of productivity gains to be derived from participating in export markets. In particular, the increase in the value of the Canadian dollar during the post-2002 period almost completely offset the productivity growth advantages that new export-market participants would otherwise have enjoyed.

    Release date: 2010-06-25
  • 60. Estimates of Human Capital in Canada: The Lifetime Income Approach Archived
    Articles and reports: 11F0027M2010062
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This paper produces an estimate of market-based human capital investment and stock for Canada over the period from 1970 to 2007 based on the lifetime income approach and compares it with that of physical and natural capital investment and stock. It adopts the methodology developed by Jorgenson and Fraumeni, and estimates human capital stock as the expected future lifetime income of all individuals. Human capital investment is estimated as changes in human capital stock due to the addition of new members of the working age population arising from the rearing and education of children and the effect of immigration on human capital.

    The main findings are as follows:

    1. The volume of aggregate human capital rose at an annual rate of 1.7% in Canada for the period 1970 to 2007, and most of the growth is due to the increase in the number of individuals in the working-age population. The rising education level of the Canadian population is also a significant contributing factor to the growth in human capital.

    2. The compositional effects of aging of the Canadian population (a movement to a population that is older on average) reduced human capital growth by 0.6% per year over the period 1980 to 2007, while the rising education level increased human capital growth by 0.7% per year over the period.

    3. Human capital stock on a per capita basis increased at 0.9% per year for the period 1970 to 1980, due to the rising education attainment during the period. After 1980, human capital stock per capita was virtually unchanged due to two offsetting factors: rising education level which increased human capital stock and the compositional effects of population aging, which reduced human capital stock.

    4. The value of human capital investment and stock exceeds the value of physical capital investment and stock, and the ratio of human capital investment and stock to physical capital investment and stock declined over time. In 2007, human capital stock is about four times as large as physical capital stock while investment in human capital is about two times the magnitude of investment in physical capital.

    5. The levels of human capital investment and stock estimates are sensitive to the assumptions made about expected future income growth and the rate used to discount the future income when calculating human capital, but the growth of the quantity and price of human capital investment and stock is not sensitive to the assumptions in these areas.

    Release date: 2010-06-16
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