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- Census of Population (96)
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Results
All (464)
All (464) (70 to 80 of 464 results)
- Stats in brief: 88-001-X19990057970Description:
This Bulletin provides recent information on the performance and funding of Federal Government Expenditures on Scientific Activities, 1999-2000.
Release date: 1999-10-29 - 72. 1996 Census Dictionary - Final Edition ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 92-351-UDescription:
Series Description:
This series includes five general reference products - the Preview of Products and Services; the Catalogue; the Dictionary; the Handbook and Technical Reports - as well as two geography reference products - GeoSuite and Reference Maps.
Product Description:
The 1996 Census Dictionary provides detailed information on all of the concepts, variables and geographic elements of the 1996 Census. Information provided for each variable includes a definition, the associated census questions, applicable response categories or classifications and special remarks, namely on historical aspects. Users should make use of this edition of the 1996 Census Dictionary for the most up-to-date information. This final edition is also available on our web site as a free downloadable product.
Release date: 1999-10-25 - 73. Cycle 2 and beyond: Preparing and storing longitudinal data of the National Population Health Survey ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015007Description:
The National Population Health Survey (NPHS) is a family of surveys with multiple objectives, one of which is to provide information on a panel of people who will be followed over time to reflect the dynamic process of health and illness. Data for the first cycle of the NPHS - Households Survey were collected from June 1994 to June 1995, and were released in September 1995. Data for the second cycle were collected from June 1996 to August 1997. One of the primary outputs for the second cycle is a longitudinal master file. This paper will describe six major strategies that were developed to process the longitudinal master file.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - Notices and consultations: 11-522-X19980015010Description:
In 1994, Statistics Canada introduced a new longitudinal social survey that collects information from about 23,000 children spread over 13,500 households. The objective of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth is to measure the development and well being of children until they reach adulthood. To this end, the survey gathers together information about the child, parents, neighbourhood as well as family and school environment. As a consequence, the data collected for each child, is provided by several respondents, from parents to teachers, a situation which contributes to an increased disclosure risk. In order to reach a balance between confidentiality and the analytical value of released data, the survey produces three different microdata files with more or less information. The master file that contains all the information is only available by means of remote access. Hence, researchers do not have direct access to the data, but send their request in the form of software programs that are submitted by Statistics Canada staff. The results are then vetted for confidentiality and sent back to the researchers. The presentation will be devoted to the various disclosure risks of such a survey and to the tools used to reduce those risks.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015015Description:
In epidemiology analysis of longitudinal data is commonly accepted as providing the most robust measures of association between putative risk and selected outcomes such as death or cancer. SMARTIE is a SAS application for efficient analysis of longitudinal data. Based on person days at risk, it can handle multiple exits from and re-entries to risk, and derives outcome measures such as survival rates. Standardised Mortality Ratios (SMRs) and Cancer Incidence Ratios (SIRs). Summary data can be produced in a format easily ported to any modelling package such as Stats 5.0. We discuss the background to its development, the overall program structure, its command language, and finally we say something about the organization of outputs. Findings from survival studies using the Longitudinal Study of the Office for National Statistics (ONS) are used to demonstrate features of SMARTIE. This study is based on one per cent of the population of England and Wales. It is continually updated with the addition of new members and with information from birth, death and cancer records, and from the census.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - 76. Multilevel models for repeated binary outcomes: Attitudes and vote over the electoral cycle ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015016Description:
Models for fitting longitudinal binary responses are explored using a panel study of voting intentions. A standard repeated measures multilevel logistic model is shown inadequate due to the presence of a substantial proportion of respondents who maintain a constant response over time. A multivariate binary response model is shown a better fit to the data.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015017Description:
Longitudinal studies with repeated observations on individuals permit better characterizations of change and assessment of possible risk factors, but there has been little experience applying sophisticated models for longitudinal data to the complex survey setting. We present results from a comparison of different variance estimation methods for random effects models of change in cognitive function among older adults. The sample design is a stratified sample of people 65 and older, drawn as part of a community-based study designed to examine risk factors for dementia. The model summarizes the population heterogeneity in overall level and rate of change in cognitive function using random effects for intercept and slope. We discuss an unweighted regression including covariates for the stratification variables, a weighted regression, and bootstrapping; we also did preliminary work into using balanced repeated replication and jackknife repeated replication.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - 78. Multilevel modeling of complex data structures with multiple unit membership and missing unit identifications ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015018Description:
This paper presents a method for handling longitudinal data in which individuals belong to more than one unit at a higher level, and also where there is missing information on the identification of the units to which they belong. In education, for example, a student might be classified as belonging sequentially to a particular combination of primary and secondary school, but for some students, the identity of either the primary or secondary school may be unknown. Likewise, in a longitudinal study, students may change school or class from one period to the next, so 'belonging' to more than one higher level unit. The procedures used to model these stuctures are extensions of a random effects cross-classified multilevel model.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015019Description:
The British Labour Force Survey (LFS) is a quarterly household survey with a rotating sample design that can potentially be used to produce longitudinal data, including estimates of labour force gross flows. However, these estimates may be biased due to the effect of non-response. Weighting adjustments are a commonly used method to account for non-response bias. We find that weighting may not fully account for the effect of non-response bias because non-response may depend on the unobserved labour force flows, i.e., the non-response is non-ignorable. To adjust for the effects of non-ignorable non-response, we propose a model for the complex non-response patterns in the LFS which controls for the correlated within-household non-response behaviour found in the survey. The results of modelling suggest that non-response may be non-ignorable in the LFS, causing the weighting estimates to be biased.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015020Description:
At the end of 1993, Eurostat lauched a 'community' panel of households. The first wave, carried out in 1994 in the 12 countries of the European Union, included some 7,300 households in France, and at least 14,000 adults 17 years or over. Each individual was then followed up and interviewed each year, even if they had moved. The individuals leaving the sample present a particular profile. In the first part, we present a sketch of how our sample evolves and an analysis of the main characteristics of the non-respondents. We then propose 2 models to correct for non-response per homogeneous category. We then describe the longitudinal weight distribution obtained from the two models, and the cross-sectional weights using the weight share method. Finally, we compare some indicators calculated using both weighting methods.
Release date: 1999-10-22
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Data (145)
Data (145) (0 to 10 of 145 results)
- Table: 85F0018XDescription:
This document brings together data from a number of Statistics Canada surveys and provides a visual perspective on the following subject areas: crime, police administration, adult and youth court activity, the correctional population, costs of the criminal justice system, violence against women, Canadians' experiences with crime, and their perceptions and fears of crime.
Release date: 1999-11-29 - 2. Vital Statistics Compendium ArchivedTable: 84-214-XDescription:
This compendium of vital statistics includes summary data on births, deaths, marriages and divorces. The introduction covers the data sources, data quality, and methods pertaining to each event, and includes a glossary defining the terms used. The first chapter is a brief overview of vital statistics for 1996. Subsequent chapters treat marriage, divorce, birth, fetal and infant mortality, total mortality, causes of death, vital statistics by census division, and international comparisons. Most charts and tables show Canada data for 1986 though 1996, while the charts and tables for causes of death show Canada data for 1979 through1996. Data for the provinces and territories are usually shown for 1995 and 1996. Appendices include population denominator data, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) calculation methods, and leading causes of death methodology.
Release date: 1999-11-25 - Table: 50-002-X19990054722Description:
Operating ratios for top carriers improved by one point in the first and second quarter of 1999 over the same period one year earlier. Average revenue per carrier fell 1% in the first quarter and rose only 3% in the second quarter.
Release date: 1999-11-04 - 4. The Canadian passenger bus industry - 1998 ArchivedTable: 50-002-X19990054723Description:
On an industry wide basis, Canadian bus companies continue to grow and prosper. Gross revenues in 1998 (excluding subsidies) were 8.6 percent higher than in 1995.
Release date: 1999-11-04 - Table: 50-002-X19990054724Description:
With the exception of the third quarter (0.94), for-hire motor carriers of freight posted seasonally adjusted operating ratios of 0.93 in three out of the four quarters of 1998.
Release date: 1999-11-04 - 6. Road Motor Vehicles, Registrations ArchivedTable: 53-219-XDescription:
Data on registration of motor vehicles by type including passenger automobiles, trucks, motorcycles, buses, trailers and others are presented in this publication. A historical table of total registrations is provided. Motor vehicle registrations are shown by census divisions and municipalities where available. Data definitions, analysis, the methodology employed, an explanation of data quality and a bibliography are included.
Release date: 1999-11-04 - 7. Capital Expenditures by Type of Asset ArchivedTable: 61-223-XDescription:
This on-line publication provides detailed capital expenditures by type of asset on both construction and machinery and equipment made by private and public organizations in Canada. For each province and territory and for the 19 divisions of the Canadian economy, it details capital expenditures according to four types of residential construction, 95 types of non-residential construction, and 56 categories of machinery and equipment. Included are data on capital expenditures for major renovation and alteration of construction assets as well as for major retrofit and refurbishing of machinery and equipment assets. Trade and general construction contractors, suppliers of construction materials, and suppliers of machinery and equipment will find these data useful for market analysis.
Release date: 1999-11-04 - 8. The Sugar Situation ArchivedTable: 32-013-XDescription:
This monthly publication presents data by weight on the acquisition, stock, production and shipment of raw and refined sugar for the month and the year-to-date from refiners of raw cane or beet sugars as well as those who further process such sugars. Geographic detail is at the national level. The December issue includes a list of reporting firms.
Release date: 1999-11-03 - Table: 62F0040X1999002Description:
Consulting Engineering Services Price Index (CEPI) is an annual index that measures changes in the prices for services provided by consulting engineers. These services encompass advisory and design work as well as construction or project management. They are provided for many types of projects (fields of specialization), and to both Canadian and foreign clients. Price indexes are published for 10 fields of specialization as well as for national, regional, and foreign markets.
Release date: 1999-10-14 - 10. Services Price Indexes ArchivedTable: 62F0040XDescription:
This occasional on-line bulletin series presents price indexes published by the Goods and Services Producing Industries Section, Prices Division. Each issue will contain different service price indexes.
Release date: 1999-10-14
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Analysis (270)
Analysis (270) (40 to 50 of 270 results)
- 41. World trends ArchivedArticles and reports: 87-403-X19970014743Geography: CanadaDescription:
International tourism is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. Over the past ten years, the number of international arrivals at national borders has increased at an average annual rate of 5.2%, reaching 611 million in 1997.
Release date: 1999-11-24 - 42. Travel by Canadians ArchivedArticles and reports: 87-403-X19970014744Geography: CanadaDescription:
Canada's economy was booming in 1997. The economy, as measured by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), grew 3.8% in 1997, its best performance since 1994 and the second best this decade.
Release date: 1999-11-24 - 43. International travel to Canada ArchivedArticles and reports: 87-403-X19970014745Geography: CanadaDescription:
Canada hosted over 45 million international visitors in 1997, the highest annual level in the 25 years that travel data have been collected.
Release date: 1999-11-24 - 44. Passenger transportation in Canada ArchivedArticles and reports: 87-403-X19970014746Geography: CanadaDescription:
Vast distances, dependence on trade and low population density (compared to the United States and Europe) make transportation vitally important in Canada. The nation's travel and tourism patterns, both domestically and internationally, are a mirror image of Canadian business, lifestyles and quality of life.
Release date: 1999-11-24 - 45. Tourism service industries ArchivedArticles and reports: 87-403-X19970014747Geography: CanadaDescription:
This chapter describes four specific industry sectors : accomodation services, restaurant services, travel agencies and tour operators, and Canadian tourist attractions.
Release date: 1999-11-24 - 46. Tourism in Canada and its various economic facets ArchivedArticles and reports: 87-403-X19970014748Geography: CanadaDescription:
Tourism affects a number of industries. Hotels, travel agencies, airlines and restaurants are to varying degrees affected by tourism. Thus, tourism is not just one industry, but an amalgam of several, and the tourism phenomenon raises a number of questions because of its complexity, its various ramifications and its scope.
Release date: 1999-11-24 - 47. Profile of tourism in Canada's tourism regions ArchivedArticles and reports: 87-403-X19970014749Geography: CanadaDescription:
This article provides a thumbnail sketch of the top ten tourism regions in Canada based on the number of overnight visits. It will point out some of the similarities these regions share, as well as what makes them unique.
Release date: 1999-11-24 - 48. Tourism generating regions in Canada: factors associated with travel patterns and tourist behaviours ArchivedArticles and reports: 87-403-X19970014750Geography: CanadaDescription:
The purpose of this study was to describe tourism patterns in terms of the regions from which toursits orginate, and to identify those demographic and behavioural factors associated with the tourists generated by those regions.
Release date: 1999-11-24 - 49. A glance at the future ArchivedArticles and reports: 87-403-X19970014751Geography: CanadaDescription:
The purpose of this chapter is, first, to review some of the current long and medium term forecasts for tourism globally and within Canada. Secondly, the chapter discusses some of the Canadian tourism industries' current responses to their changing economic and social context.
Release date: 1999-11-24 - 50. Lessons learned from the analysis of the 1997 CTS and ITS for the merger of Southwestern Ontario and Festival County ArchivedArticles and reports: 87-403-X19970014752Geography: Province or territoryDescription:
The Province of Ontario has traditionally been divided into 12 travel regions known as OTAPs (Ontario Travel Association Partners). Core funding for these OTAPs comes form the Ministry of Economic Development.
Release date: 1999-11-24
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Reference (50)
Reference (50) (10 to 20 of 50 results)
- Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015020Description:
At the end of 1993, Eurostat lauched a 'community' panel of households. The first wave, carried out in 1994 in the 12 countries of the European Union, included some 7,300 households in France, and at least 14,000 adults 17 years or over. Each individual was then followed up and interviewed each year, even if they had moved. The individuals leaving the sample present a particular profile. In the first part, we present a sketch of how our sample evolves and an analysis of the main characteristics of the non-respondents. We then propose 2 models to correct for non-response per homogeneous category. We then describe the longitudinal weight distribution obtained from the two models, and the cross-sectional weights using the weight share method. Finally, we compare some indicators calculated using both weighting methods.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - 12. A new longitudinal processing system for the Survey of Income and Program Participation ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015021Description:
The U.S. Bureau of the Census implemented major changes to the design of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) with the panel begun in 1996. The revised survey design emphasized longitudinal applications and the Census Bureau attempted to understand and resolve the seam bias common to longitudinal surveys. In addition to the substantive and administrative redesign of the survey, the Census Bureau is improving the data processing procedures which yield microdata files for the public to analyse. The wave-by-wave data products are being edited and imputed with a longitudinal element rather than cross-sectionally, carrying forward information from a prior wave that is missing in the current wave. The longitudinal data products will be enhanced, both by the redesigned survey and new processing procedures. Simple methods of imputing data over time are being replaced with more sophisticated methods that do not attenuate seam bias. The longitudinal sample is expanding to include more observations which were nonrespondents in one or more waves. Longitudinal weights will be applied to the file to support person-based longitudinal analysis for calendar years or longer periods of time (up to four years).
Release date: 1999-10-22 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015022Description:
This article extends and further develops the method proposed by Pfeffermann, Skinner and Humphreys (1998) for the estimation of gross flows in the presence of classification errors. The main feature of that method is the use of auxiliary information at the individual level which circumvents the need for validation data for estimating the misclassification rates. The new developments in this article are the establishment of conditions for model identification, a study of the properties of a model goodness of fit statistic and modifications to the sample likelihood to account for missing data and informative sampling. The new developments are illustrated by a small Monte-Carlo simulation study.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015023Description:
The study of social mobility, between labour market statuses or between income levels, for example, is often based on the analysis of mobility matrices. When comparing these transition matrices, with a view to evaluating behavioural changes, one often forgets that the data derive from a sample survey and are therefore affected by sampling variances. Similarly, it is assumed that the responses collected correspond to the ' true value.'
Release date: 1999-10-22 - 15. A latent class model for the transition from school to working life in presence of missing data ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015024Description:
A longitudinal study on a cohort of pupils in the secondary school has been conducted in an Italian region since 1986 in order to study the transition from school to working life. The information have been collected at every sweep by a mail questionnaire and, at the final sweep, by a face-to-face interview, where retrospective questions referring back to the whole observation period have been asked. The gross flows between different discrete states - still in the school system, in the labour force without a job, in the labour force with a job - may then be estimated both from prospective and retrospective data, and the recall effect may be evaluated. Moreover, the conditions observed by the two different techniques may be regarded as two indicators of the 'true' unobservable condition, thus leading to the specification and estimation of a latent class model. In this framework, a Markov chain hypothesis may be introduced and evaluated in order to estimate the transition probabilities between the states, once they are corrected or the classification errors. Since the information collected by mail show a given amount of missing data in terms of unit nonresponse, the 'missing' category is also introduced in the model specification.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - 16. Tools for inference on dynamics of low income status ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015025Description:
The log-linear modelling of categorical longitudinal survey data on income is studied. An emphasis is on inference about change. Special attention is paid to modelling of longitudinal data from two waves. A small illustration is based on data from the Canadian Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - 17. Evaluating nonresponse adjustment in the Current Population Survey (CPS) using longitudinal data ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015026Description:
The purpose of the present study is to utilize panel data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) to examine the effects of unit nonresponse. Because most nonrespondents to the CPS are respondents during at least one month-in-sample, data from other months can be used to compare the characteristics of complete respondents and panel nonrespondents and to evaluate nonresponse adjustment procedures. In the current paper we present analyses utilizing CPS panel data to illustrate the effects of unit nonresponse. After adjusting for nonresponse, additional comparisons are also made to evaluate the effects of nonresponse adjustment. The implications of the findings and suggestions for further research are discussed.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - 18. Calculation of change for annual business surveys ArchivedSurveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015027Description:
The disseminated results of annual business surveys inevitably contain statistics that are changing. Since the economic sphere is increasingly dynamic, a simple difference of aggregates between n-l and n is no longer sufficient to provide an overall description of what has happened. The change calculation module in the new generation of annual business surveys divides overall change into various components (births, deaths, inter-industry migration) and calculates change on the basis of a constant field, assigning special importance to restructurings. The main difficulties lie in establishing subsamples, reweighting, calibrating according to calculable changes, and taking account of restructuring.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015028Description:
We address the problem of estimation for the income dynamics statistics calculated from complex longitudinal surveys. In addition, we compare two design-based estimators of longitudinal proportions and transition rates in terms of variability under large attrition rates. One estimator is based on the cross-sectional samples for the estimation of the income class boundaries at each time period and on the longitudinal sample for the estimation of the longitudinal counts; the other estimator is entirely based on the longitudinal sample, both for the estimation of the class boundaries and the longitudinal counts. We develop Taylor linearization-type variance estimators for both the longitudinal and the mixed estimator under the assumption of no change in the population, and for the mixed estimator when there is change.
Release date: 1999-10-22 - Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 11-522-X19980015029Description:
In longitudinal surveys, sample subjects are observed over several time points. This feature typically leads to dependent observations on the same subject, in addition to the customary correlations across subjects induced by the sample design. Much research in the literature has focussed on modeling the marginal mean of a response as a function of covariates. Liang and Zeger (1986) used generalized estimating equations (GEE), requiring only correct specification of the marginal mean, and obtained standard errors of regression parameter estimates and associated Wald tests, assuming a "working" correlation structure for the repeated measurements on a sample subject. Rotnitzky and Jewell (1990) developed quasi-score tests and Rao-Scott adjustments to "working" quasi-score tests under marginal models. These methods are asymptotically robust to misspecification of the within-subject correlation structure, but assume independence of sample subjects which is not satisfied for complex longitudinal survey data based on stratified multi-stage sampling. We proposed asymptotically valid Wald and quasi-score tests for longitudinal survey data, using the Taylor Linearization and jackknife methods. Alternative tests, based on Rao-Scott adjustments to naive tests that ignore survey design features and on Bonferroni-t, are also developed. These tests are particularly useful when the effective degrees of freedom, usually taken as the total number of sample primary units (clusters) minus the number of strata, is small.
Release date: 1999-10-22
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