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  • 31. A framework for measuring and reducing nonresponse in surveys Archived
    Articles and reports: 12-001-X199300114474
    Description:

    The need for standards introduced for the gathering and reporting of information on nonresponse across surveys within a statistical agency is discussed. Standards being adopted at Statistics Canada are then described. Measures to reduce nonresponse undertaken at different stages in the design of surveys at Statistics Canada that have a bearing on nonresponse are described. These points are illustrated by examining nonresponse experiences for two major surveys at Statistics Canada.

    Release date: 1993-06-15
  • 32. Statistical matching: Use of auxiliary information as an alternative to the conditional independence assumption Archived
    Articles and reports: 12-001-X199300114475
    Description:

    In the creation of micro-simulation databases which are frequently used by policy analysts and planners, several datafiles are combined by statistical matching techniques for enriching the host datafile. This process requires the conditional independence assumption (CIA) which could lead to serious bias in the resulting joint relationships among variables. Appropriate auxiliary information could be used to avoid the CIA. In this report, methods of statistical matching corresponding to three methods of imputation, namely, regression, hot deck, and log linear, with and without auxiliary information are considered. The log linear methods consist of adding categorical constraints to either the regression or hot deck methods. Based on an extensive simulation study with synthetic data, sensitivity analyses for departures from the CIA are performed and gains from using auxiliary information are discussed. Different scenarios for the underlying distribution and relationships, such as symmetric versus skewed data and proxy versus nonproxy auxiliary data, are created using synthetic data. Some recommendations on the use of statistical matching methods are also made. Specifically, it was confirmed that the CIA could be a serious limitation which could be overcome by the use of appropriate auxiliary information. Hot deck methods were found to be generally preferable to regression methods. Also, when auxiliary information is available, log linear categorical constraints can improve performance of hot deck methods. This study was motivated by concerns about the use of the CIA in the construction of the Social Policy Simulation Database at Statistics Canada.

    Release date: 1993-06-15
  • 33. Regression analysis of data files that are computer matched Archived
    Articles and reports: 12-001-X199300114476
    Description:

    This paper focuses on how to deal with record linkage errors when engaged in regression analysis. Recent work by Rubin and Belin (1991) and by Winkler and Thibaudeau (1991) provides the theory, computational algorithms, and software necessary for estimating matching probabilities. These advances allow us to update the work of Neter, Maynes, and Ramanathan (1965). Adjustment procedures are outlined and some successful simulations are described. Our results are preliminary and intended largely to stimulate further work.

    Release date: 1993-06-15
  • 34. The discrimination power of dependency structures in record linkage Archived
    Articles and reports: 12-001-X199300114477
    Description:

    A record-linkage process brings together records from two files into pairs of two records, one from each file, for the purpose of comparison. Each record represents an individual. The status of the pair is a “matched pair” status if the two records in the pair represent the same individual. The status is an “unmatched pair” status if the two records do not represent the same individual. The record-linkage process is governed by an underlying probabilistic process. A record-linkage rule infers the status of each pair of records based on the value of the comparison. The pair is declared a “link” if the inferred status is that of a matched pair, and it is declared a “non-link” if the inferred status is that of an unmatched pair. The discrimination power of a record-linkage rule is the capacity of the rule to designate a maximum number of matched pairs as links, while keeping the rate of unmatched pairs designated as links to a minimum. In general, to construct a discriminatory record-linkage rule, some assumptions must be made on the structure of the underlying probabilistic process. In most of the existing literature, it is assumed that the underlying probabilistic process is an instance of the conditional independence latent class model. However, in many situations, this assumption is false. In fact, many underlying probabilistic processes do not exhibit key properties associated with conditional independence latent class models. The paper introduces more general models. In particular, latent class models with dependencies are studied and it is shown how they can improve the discrimination power of particular record-linkage rules.

    Release date: 1993-06-15
  • 35. Evaluation of sources of variation in record linkage through a factorial experiment Archived
    Articles and reports: 12-001-X199300114478
    Description:

    Record linkage refers to the use of an algorithmic technique for identifying pairs of records in separate data files that correspond to the same individual. This paper discusses a framework for evaluating sources of variation in record linkage based on viewing the procedure as a “black box” that takes input data and produces output (a set of declared matched pairs) that has certain properties. We illustrate the idea with a factorial experiment using census/post-enumeration survey data to assess the influence of a variety of factors thought to affect the accuracy of the procedure. The evaluation of record linkage becomes a standard statistical problem using this experimental framework. The investigation provides answers to several research questions, and it is argued that taking an experimental approach similar to that offered here is essential if progress is to be made in understanding the factors that contribute to the error properties of record-linkage procedures.

    Release date: 1993-06-15
  • 36. Evaluation of error rates in large scale computerized record linkage studies Archived
    Articles and reports: 12-001-X199300114479
    Description:

    Matching records in different administrative data bases is a useful tool for conducting epidemiological studies to study relationships between environmental hazards and health status. With large data bases, sophisticated computerized record linkage algorithms can be used to evaluate the likelihood of a match between two records based on a comparison of one or more identifying variables for those records. Since matching errors are inevitable, consideration needs to be given to the effects of such errors on statistical inferences based on the linked files. This article provides an overview of record linkage methodology, and a discussion of the statistical issues associated with linkage errors.

    Release date: 1993-06-15
  • 37. Investment income of Canadians Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X19930021
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    A demographic profile of tax filers reporting interest and dividend income.

    Release date: 1993-06-08
  • 38. International employment trends by industry - A note Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X199300216
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    A note on changing employment patterns by industry sector over the last three decades in ten industrialized countries.

    Release date: 1993-06-08
  • 39. The renaissance of self-employment Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X1993002162
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article examines the characteristics of self-employed workers in industries with above-average rates of self-employment from 1971 onwards.

    Release date: 1993-06-08
  • 40. Diane Cohen on the new economy Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X199300234
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The interview discusses Canada's transition from an industrial to an information economy.

    Release date: 1993-06-08
Data (171)

Data (171) (170 to 180 of 171 results)

  • 171. 1991 Census: Profile of Urban Forward Sortation Areas Archived
    Profile of a community or region: 95F0175X
    Description:

    The "Profiles" series provides a statistical overview of various census geographic areas. Part A provides basic demographic, mother tongue, dwelling, household and family data collected from all households, that is, on a 100% basis. Part B provides data collected from a 20% sample of households on characteristics such as home language, ethnic origin, place of birth, education, religion, labour force activity, housing costs and income.

    Release date: 1993-06-01
Analysis (46)

Analysis (46) (10 to 20 of 46 results)

  • 11. Labour market outcomes for high school leavers Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X1993004118
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The transition from school to work can be difficult, particularly for young people who leave high school without graduating. This study looks at the labour market and income situation of 18 to 20 year-old school leavers.

    Release date: 1993-12-07
  • 12. A recession for whom? Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X199300420
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Changing economic conditions affect some industries more than others.

    Release date: 1993-12-07
  • 13. A note on the recession and early retirement Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X19930043
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This note compares retirement patterns during the pre-recession and recession years to examine if there is a relationship between the state of the economy and early retirement.

    Release date: 1993-12-07
  • 14. Defining and measuring employment equity Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X199300438
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    This article explains Statistics Canada's role in furnishing benchmark data for employment equity purposes.

    Release date: 1993-12-07
  • 15. RRSPs - New rules, new growth Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X199300472
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Major revisions in the tax treatment of retirement savings came into effect in 1991. This study shows how much RRSP contribution room was made available, how much was used up, and who were the contributors.

    Release date: 1993-12-07
  • 16. National Income and Expenditure Accounts: Revised Estimates for the Period from 1989 to 1992 Archived
    Stats in brief: 13-604-M1993024
    Description:

    Revised estimates of the Income and Expenditure Accounts covering 1989 to 1992 have been released along with the estimates for the first quarter of 1993. These revised estimates reflect the most current source data and seasonal patterns. The annual revision of the different parts of the System of the National Accounts is an integrated process. As such, revised estimates of two other parts of the system -- the Balance of International Payments and Financial Flow Accounts -- have been released simultaneously. Corresponding revisions to the monthly estimates of Gross Domestic Product by Industry and to the Input-Output Accounts at current and constant prices are also available.

    Release date: 1993-11-30
  • 17. International Price and Quantity Comparisons: Purchasing Power Parities and Real Expenditures, Canada and the United States Archived
    Articles and reports: 13-604-M1993025
    Description:

    This article introduces two new tables showing volume indexes of real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and its components for Canada compared with the United States and the associated purchasing power parities (PPPs). These international comparisons of real expenditures based on PPPs are considered to be a major addition to the tools available for macroeconomic analysis. For example, the recent publication by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) of a set of estimates of different countries' output using PPPs has changed the view of the share of world output that comes from the industrialized countries compared with the developing economies.

    An analysis based on PPPs, rather than a more conventional one based on exchange rates, has significantly changed the relative measures of output of countries. Comparisons based on exchange rates are unlikely to fully take into account the differences in price levels between countries (i.e., the goods and services that can be purchased in one country's currency compared with another's). Moreover, services are not generally traded in the way that goods are, so their prices in different countries tend not to be related in a way that parallels the currency exchange rate. If aggregate output is to be properly compared across countries, PPPs become more and more important as the size of the service sector grows.

    Economic theory would suggest that for internationally traded domestically produced goods and services, PPPs and exchange rates will tend to equalize in the long run. Exchange rates, however, can fluctuate widely in short periods and are affected by expectations and factors such as deficits, wars, fuel shortages and interest rates. With the calculation of PPPs, actual price level differences can be identified. Such measures are also much more stable over time.

    Release date: 1993-11-30
  • 18. C/QPP costs and private pensions Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X1993003109
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    The costs of the Canada and Quebec Pension Plans continue to climb. This article explores how this rise may affect employer-sponsored registered pension plans.

    Release date: 1993-09-01
  • 19. Flexible work arrangements Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X1993003126
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Who works flexitime and where? The characteristics of workers who are on a flexitime work arrangement in their main job are discussed.

    Release date: 1993-09-01
  • 20. Paid overtime Archived
    Articles and reports: 75-001-X1993003154
    Geography: Canada
    Description:

    Do you ever work extra hours? If so, do you get extra pay to compensate for the added time on the job? This article describes employees aged 15 to 64 who worked paid overtime in November 1991.

    Release date: 1993-09-01
Reference (3)

Reference (3) ((3 results))

  • 1. The Distribution of GDP at Factor Cost by Sector Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 13-604-M1993026
    Description:

    The Income and Expenditure Accounts (IEA) are structured in terms of four economic or institutional sectors, and transactors are grouped into homogeneous categories that play distinct roles in the economy. The Personal sector is concerned with individuals in their capacity as final consumers and as suppliers of labour. The Government sector centres on transactions by public authorities as they relate to taxation and public expenditure. The Profit-motivated Business sector consists of transactors producing goods and services for financial gain. The Non-resident sector shows all transactions taking place between resident economic agents and the rest of the world. Classifying transactors by similar motivation and behaviour into these broad groups is a useful tool that helps analyse the major players in the economy, their functions and interrelationships.

    The purpose of this paper is to develop quarterly estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) at factor cost in both current and constant prices for each of the institutional sectors within the IEA framework. The estimates of that will be shown, of the GDP, by sector, do not constitute a full production account, but nonetheless provide a measure of aggregate productive activity by sector of origin. They complement and extend the sector tables already available in the Income and Expenditure Accounts.

    Release date: 1993-11-30
  • 2. Standard Occupational Classification Archived
    Classification: 12-565-X
    Description:

    The Standard Occupational Classification provides a systematic classification structure to identify and categorize the entire range of occupational activity in Canada. This up-to-date classification is based upon, and easily related to, the National Occupational Classification. It consists of 10 broad occupational categories which are subdivided into major groups, minor groups and unit groups. Definitions and occupational titles are provided for each unit group. An alphabetical index of the occupational titles classified to the unit group level is also included.

    Release date: 1993-08-23
  • 3. The Timeliness of Quarterly Income and Expenditure Accounts: An International Comparison Archived
    Surveys and statistical programs – Documentation: 13-604-M1993023
    Description:

    This paper reports the results of a survey of national Income and Expenditure Accounts (IEA) release date practices as reported by national statistical bureaus. This international survey was conducted by the author between January and March 1993 by means of a questionnaire mailed to statisticians of several countries.

    Respondents to the survey were asked on what date their preliminary IEA estimates for each of the four quarters of the 1991 calendar year were officially released. They were also asked to indicate the dates on which each of the subsequent four revised sets of estimates were released. To avoid the possibility of unwarranted generalizations from a single year's experience, respondents were asked whether 1991 was a typical year or if there were special circumstances that affected the release dates in this particular period. Finally, general information was sought on each country's official revision policy.

    Release date: 1993-07-01
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