Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  October
2024
November
2024
Standard error1 October to November 2024 November 2023 to November 2024 October to November 2024 November 2023 to November 2024
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 196.7 197.1 ... 0.4 5.1 0.2 2.7
Labour force 127.5 127.8 0.8 0.3 4.2 0.2 3.4
Employment 118.8 119.2 0.8 0.4 3.9 0.3 3.4
Unemployment 8.6 8.6 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.0 3.6
Participation rate 64.8 64.8 0.4 0.0 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 6.7 0.3 0.0 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 60.4 60.5 0.4 0.1 0.4 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 433.4 434.6 ... 1.2 19.0 0.3 4.6
Labour force 295.5 294.0 1.6 -1.5 12.0 -0.5 4.3
Employment 279.5 278.9 1.6 -0.6 13.0 -0.2 4.9
Unemployment 16.0 15.1 0.9 -0.9 -1.0 -5.6 -6.2
Participation rate 68.2 67.6 0.4 -0.6 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 5.1 0.3 -0.3 -0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 64.5 64.2 0.4 -0.3 0.2 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 153.8 154.2 ... 0.4 7.7 0.3 5.3
Labour force 101.5 101.9 0.9 0.4 6.7 0.4 7.0
Employment 96.1 96.6 0.9 0.5 7.1 0.5 7.9
Unemployment 5.3 5.3 0.4 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -7.0
Participation rate 66.0 66.1 0.6 0.1 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.2 0.4 0.0 -0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 62.5 62.6 0.6 0.1 1.5 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 120.4 120.6 ... 0.2 3.7 0.2 3.2
Labour force 74.5 73.3 0.8 -1.2 -0.1 -1.6 -0.1
Employment 70.8 69.5 0.9 -1.3 0.2 -1.8 0.3
Unemployment 3.6 3.8 0.3 0.2 -0.3 5.6 -7.3
Participation rate 61.9 60.8 0.7 -1.1 -2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.8 5.2 0.4 0.4 -0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 58.8 57.6 0.7 -1.2 -1.7 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 138.4 138.6 ... 0.2 2.1 0.1 1.5
Labour force 78.0 80.3 1.1 2.3 3.0 2.9 3.9
Employment 74.9 77.2 1.1 2.3 2.2 3.1 2.9
Unemployment 3.0 3.1 0.3 0.1 0.8 3.3 34.8
Participation rate 56.4 57.9 0.8 1.5 1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.8 3.9 0.4 0.1 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 54.1 55.7 0.8 1.6 0.8 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 716.3 717.4 ... 1.1 13.4 0.2 1.9
Labour force 472.3 473.6 3.3 1.3 -4.4 0.3 -0.9
Employment 453.3 452.4 3.3 -0.9 -12.5 -0.2 -2.7
Unemployment 19.0 21.2 1.0 2.2 8.2 11.6 63.1
Participation rate 65.9 66.0 0.5 0.1 -1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.0 4.5 0.2 0.5 1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 63.3 63.1 0.5 -0.2 -2.9 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 200.9 201.4 ... 0.5 5.7 0.2 2.9
Labour force 122.6 122.2 1.2 -0.4 2.2 -0.3 1.8
Employment 115.8 115.7 1.3 -0.1 1.5 -0.1 1.3
Unemployment 6.7 6.5 0.5 -0.2 0.7 -3.0 12.1
Participation rate 61.0 60.7 0.6 -0.3 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 5.3 0.4 -0.2 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 57.6 57.4 0.6 -0.2 -1.0 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 142.1 142.3 ... 0.2 2.6 0.1 1.9
Labour force 88.1 88.9 0.9 0.8 1.6 0.9 1.8
Employment 82.5 83.3 0.9 0.8 0.0 1.0 0.0
Unemployment 5.6 5.6 0.3 0.0 1.6 0.0 40.0
Participation rate 62.0 62.5 0.6 0.5 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.3 0.4 -0.1 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 58.1 58.5 0.6 0.4 -1.1 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,905.2 3,916.1 ... 10.9 141.0 0.3 3.7
Labour force 2,593.0 2,602.8 8.9 9.8 33.4 0.4 1.3
Employment 2,418.9 2,429.7 9.2 10.8 6.8 0.4 0.3
Unemployment 174.2 173.1 4.7 -1.1 26.6 -0.6 18.2
Participation rate 66.4 66.5 0.2 0.1 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 6.7 0.2 0.0 1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 61.9 62.0 0.2 0.1 -2.2 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,325.5 1,329.2 ... 3.7 47.0 0.3 3.7
Labour force 913.7 912.4 4.3 -1.3 21.8 -0.1 2.4
Employment 855.2 856.2 4.5 1.0 7.0 0.1 0.8
Unemployment 58.4 56.2 1.9 -2.2 14.7 -3.8 35.4
Participation rate 68.9 68.6 0.3 -0.3 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.2 0.2 -0.2 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 64.5 64.4 0.3 -0.1 -1.8 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 301.3 301.8 ... 0.5 5.7 0.2 1.9
Labour force 199.3 198.9 1.5 -0.4 -1.1 -0.2 -0.6
Employment 185.8 186.3 1.6 0.5 -5.0 0.3 -2.6
Unemployment 13.5 12.7 0.5 -0.8 4.0 -5.9 46.0
Participation rate 66.1 65.9 0.5 -0.2 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.8 6.4 0.3 -0.4 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 61.7 61.7 0.5 0.0 -2.9 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 1,024.2 1,027.5 ... 3.3 41.4 0.3 4.2
Labour force 714.4 713.5 4.1 -0.9 22.8 -0.1 3.3
Employment 669.4 669.9 4.2 0.5 12.1 0.1 1.8
Unemployment 45.0 43.5 1.8 -1.5 10.7 -3.3 32.6
Participation rate 69.8 69.4 0.4 -0.4 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 6.1 0.3 -0.2 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 65.4 65.2 0.4 -0.2 -1.5 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 162.1 162.6 ... 0.5 7.0 0.3 4.5
Labour force 100.0 102.5 1.0 2.5 6.4 2.5 6.7
Employment 94.3 96.8 1.0 2.5 6.3 2.7 7.0
Unemployment 5.8 5.7 0.3 -0.1 0.2 -1.7 3.6
Participation rate 61.7 63.0 0.6 1.3 1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 5.6 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 58.2 59.5 0.6 1.3 1.3 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 82.0 77.1 ... -4.9 -17.8 -6.0 -18.8
Labour force 43.7 38.6 2.9 -5.1 -16.8 -11.7 -30.3
Employment 42.3 37.8 2.7 -4.5 -14.9 -10.6 -28.3
Unemployment 1.4 0.7 0.6 -0.7 -2.0 -50.0 -74.1
Participation rate 53.3 50.1 2.5 -3.2 -8.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.2 1.8 1.0 -1.4 -3.1 ... ...
Employment rate 51.6 49.0 2.2 -2.6 -6.5 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 121.8 122.1 ... 0.3 4.2 0.2 3.6
Labour force 67.1 68.0 1.4 0.9 -5.6 1.3 -7.6
Employment 64.1 65.1 1.5 1.0 -6.5 1.6 -9.1
Unemployment 3.0 2.9 0.5 -0.1 0.9 -3.3 45.0
Participation rate 55.1 55.7 1.2 0.6 -6.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.5 4.3 0.7 -0.2 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 52.6 53.3 1.3 0.7 -7.4 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 369.7 370.4 ... 0.7 9.5 0.2 2.6
Labour force 248.7 248.0 2.0 -0.7 5.9 -0.3 2.4
Employment 228.7 228.7 2.1 0.0 3.8 0.0 1.7
Unemployment 20.0 19.4 1.0 -0.6 2.2 -3.0 12.8
Participation rate 67.3 67.0 0.6 -0.3 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 7.8 0.4 -0.2 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 61.9 61.7 0.6 -0.2 -0.6 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 6,178.6 6,202.8 ... 24.2 302.8 0.4 5.1
Labour force 4,089.1 4,098.6 11.2 9.5 145.8 0.2 3.7
Employment 3,762.5 3,765.6 11.2 3.1 75.3 0.1 2.0
Unemployment 326.7 332.9 6.4 6.2 70.3 1.9 26.8
Participation rate 66.2 66.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 8.1 0.2 0.1 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 60.9 60.7 0.2 -0.2 -1.8 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 705.4 706.9 ... 1.5 18.7 0.2 2.7
Labour force 453.2 452.9 3.2 -0.3 10.3 -0.1 2.3
Employment 425.2 422.1 3.2 -3.1 3.1 -0.7 0.7
Unemployment 28.0 30.7 1.3 2.7 7.2 9.6 30.6
Participation rate 64.2 64.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.8 0.3 0.6 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 60.3 59.7 0.5 -0.6 -1.2 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 398.7 399.8 ... 1.1 13.5 0.3 3.5
Labour force 242.0 245.3 3.0 3.3 2.0 1.4 0.8
Employment 225.8 228.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 1.3 1.4
Unemployment 16.2 16.5 1.3 0.3 -1.1 1.9 -6.3
Participation rate 60.7 61.4 0.8 0.7 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 6.7 0.5 0.0 -0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 56.6 57.2 0.7 0.6 -1.2 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 559.1 561.4 ... 2.3 28.8 0.4 5.4
Labour force 387.8 393.3 2.1 5.5 28.1 1.4 7.7
Employment 357.4 362.9 2.1 5.5 20.3 1.5 5.9
Unemployment 30.3 30.4 1.1 0.1 7.8 0.3 34.5
Participation rate 69.4 70.1 0.4 0.7 1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.8 7.7 0.3 -0.1 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 63.9 64.6 0.4 0.7 0.3 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 124.7 124.9 ... 0.2 2.1 0.2 1.7
Labour force 79.9 80.5 1.0 0.6 -0.7 0.8 -0.9
Employment 74.8 75.9 0.9 1.1 -1.8 1.5 -2.3
Unemployment 5.2 4.6 0.4 -0.6 1.2 -11.5 35.3
Participation rate 64.1 64.5 0.8 0.4 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 5.7 0.5 -0.8 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 60.0 60.8 0.8 0.8 -2.5 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 152.0 152.4 ... 0.4 4.9 0.3 3.3
Labour force 101.1 101.5 1.3 0.4 -6.1 0.4 -5.7
Employment 95.7 95.4 1.3 -0.3 -6.1 -0.3 -6.0
Unemployment 5.4 6.1 0.6 0.7 0.0 13.0 0.0
Participation rate 66.5 66.6 0.9 0.1 -6.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 6.0 0.6 0.7 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 63.0 62.6 0.9 -0.4 -6.2 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 516.8 518.7 ... 1.9 23.3 0.4 4.7
Labour force 331.6 334.9 2.3 3.3 2.1 1.0 0.6
Employment 310.4 313.1 2.4 2.7 -0.5 0.9 -0.2
Unemployment 21.1 21.8 1.0 0.7 2.6 3.3 13.5
Participation rate 64.2 64.6 0.5 0.4 -2.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.5 0.3 0.1 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 60.1 60.4 0.5 0.3 -2.9 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 332.9 334.0 ... 1.1 14.4 0.3 4.5
Labour force 212.1 214.9 2.1 2.8 15.5 1.3 7.8
Employment 193.6 196.3 2.2 2.7 11.9 1.4 6.5
Unemployment 18.6 18.6 1.0 0.0 3.5 0.0 23.2
Participation rate 63.7 64.3 0.7 0.6 1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.8 8.7 0.5 -0.1 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 58.2 58.8 0.7 0.6 1.1 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 195.1 195.6 ... 0.5 6.3 0.3 3.3
Labour force 132.5 133.2 1.8 0.7 4.5 0.5 3.5
Employment 125.1 125.5 1.9 0.4 2.9 0.3 2.4
Unemployment 7.4 7.7 0.9 0.3 1.6 4.1 26.2
Participation rate 67.9 68.1 0.9 0.2 0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.6 5.8 0.7 0.2 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 64.2 1.0 0.1 -0.6 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 151.1 151.4 ... 0.3 3.2 0.2 2.2
Labour force 91.5 90.4 1.1 -1.1 -2.5 -1.2 -2.7
Employment 86.1 85.4 1.1 -0.7 -1.8 -0.8 -2.1
Unemployment 5.4 5.0 0.4 -0.4 -0.7 -7.4 -12.3
Participation rate 60.6 59.7 0.7 -0.9 -3.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 5.5 0.4 -0.4 -0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 57.0 56.4 0.8 -0.6 -2.4 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 110.6 110.8 ... 0.2 2.6 0.2 2.4
Labour force 68.0 68.5 0.6 0.5 1.8 0.7 2.7
Employment 64.7 65.0 0.7 0.3 1.4 0.5 2.2
Unemployment 3.4 3.6 0.2 0.2 0.5 5.9 16.1
Participation rate 61.5 61.8 0.6 0.3 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 5.3 0.3 0.3 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 58.5 58.7 0.6 0.2 -0.1 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 774.4 776.8 ... 2.4 34.8 0.3 4.7
Labour force 525.2 526.7 1.8 1.5 24.9 0.3 5.0
Employment 494.9 495.4 1.9 0.5 17.2 0.1 3.6
Unemployment 30.2 31.3 1.0 1.1 7.8 3.6 33.2
Participation rate 67.8 67.8 0.2 0.0 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 5.9 0.2 0.1 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 63.9 63.8 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 241.3 242.2 ... 0.9 10.9 0.4 4.7
Labour force 160.6 161.9 1.2 1.3 1.4 0.8 0.9
Employment 150.8 152.6 1.2 1.8 0.3 1.2 0.2
Unemployment 9.7 9.3 0.5 -0.4 1.1 -4.1 13.4
Participation rate 66.6 66.8 0.5 0.2 -2.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 5.7 0.3 -0.3 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 62.5 63.0 0.5 0.5 -2.8 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 308.1 309.2 ... 1.1 13.7 0.4 4.6
Labour force 221.3 221.4 1.2 0.1 8.7 0.0 4.1
Employment 209.3 209.7 1.2 0.4 8.4 0.2 4.2
Unemployment 12.0 11.6 0.6 -0.4 0.1 -3.3 0.9
Participation rate 71.8 71.6 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 5.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 67.9 67.8 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 118.8 119.3 ... 0.5 5.7 0.4 5.0
Labour force 78.8 77.8 1.3 -1.0 0.6 -1.3 0.8
Employment 74.7 73.4 1.3 -1.3 -0.4 -1.7 -0.5
Unemployment 4.1 4.4 0.5 0.3 1.0 7.3 29.4
Participation rate 66.3 65.2 1.1 -1.1 -2.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.7 0.7 0.5 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 62.9 61.5 1.2 -1.4 -3.5 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,442.7 1,449.0 ... 6.3 74.0 0.4 5.4
Labour force 1,023.2 1,019.7 5.6 -3.5 57.6 -0.3 6.0
Employment 944.1 939.2 5.6 -4.9 33.5 -0.5 3.7
Unemployment 79.1 80.5 2.9 1.4 24.1 1.8 42.7
Participation rate 70.9 70.4 0.4 -0.5 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.7 7.9 0.3 0.2 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 65.4 64.8 0.4 -0.6 -1.1 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,377.4 1,383.7 ... 6.3 74.2 0.5 5.7
Labour force 940.6 949.9 5.2 9.3 36.2 1.0 4.0
Employment 859.7 871.3 5.3 11.6 16.3 1.3 1.9
Unemployment 80.9 78.6 2.7 -2.3 19.9 -2.8 33.9
Participation rate 68.3 68.6 0.4 0.3 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.6 8.3 0.3 -0.3 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 62.4 63.0 0.4 0.6 -2.3 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 200.8 201.3 ... 0.5 6.5 0.2 3.3
Labour force 117.9 117.8 2.3 -0.1 3.5 -0.1 3.1
Employment 112.6 112.2 2.3 -0.4 2.5 -0.4 2.3
Unemployment 5.3 5.5 0.8 0.2 0.8 3.8 17.0
Participation rate 58.7 58.5 1.2 -0.2 -0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.5 4.7 0.6 0.2 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 56.1 55.7 1.2 -0.4 -0.6 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 185.0 185.5 ... 0.5 6.2 0.3 3.5
Labour force 123.7 124.0 1.2 0.3 9.7 0.2 8.5
Employment 116.3 116.9 1.2 0.6 7.8 0.5 7.1
Unemployment 7.5 7.1 0.5 -0.4 1.9 -5.3 36.5
Participation rate 66.9 66.8 0.6 -0.1 3.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.1 5.7 0.4 -0.4 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 62.9 63.0 0.7 0.1 2.2 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,569.7 2,577.5 ... 7.8 104.9 0.3 4.2
Labour force 1,702.0 1,708.9 6.1 6.9 -0.7 0.4 -0.0
Employment 1,592.7 1,599.1 6.2 6.4 -9.5 0.4 -0.6
Unemployment 109.3 109.7 3.1 0.4 8.7 0.4 8.6
Participation rate 66.2 66.3 0.2 0.1 -2.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.4 0.2 0.0 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 62.0 0.2 0.0 -3.1 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 377.8 378.7 ... 0.9 12.0 0.2 3.3
Labour force 250.8 249.4 2.2 -1.4 6.1 -0.6 2.5
Employment 241.5 240.2 2.2 -1.3 6.9 -0.5 3.0
Unemployment 9.2 9.2 0.8 0.0 -0.8 0.0 -8.0
Participation rate 66.4 65.9 0.6 -0.5 -0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.7 3.7 0.3 0.0 -0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 63.9 63.4 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: