Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  September
2024
October
2024
Standard error1 September to October 2024 October 2023 to October 2024 September to October 2024 October 2023 to October 2024
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 196.2 196.7 ... 0.5 5.1 0.3 2.7
Labour force 127.1 127.5 0.8 0.4 2.3 0.3 1.8
Employment 118.4 118.8 0.8 0.4 2.0 0.3 1.7
Unemployment 8.7 8.6 0.4 -0.1 0.2 -1.1 2.4
Participation rate 64.8 64.8 0.4 0.0 -0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.8 6.7 0.3 -0.1 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 60.3 60.4 0.4 0.1 -0.6 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 432.0 433.4 ... 1.4 19.3 0.3 4.7
Labour force 294.2 295.5 1.6 1.3 14.8 0.4 5.3
Employment 278.1 279.5 1.6 1.4 15.6 0.5 5.9
Unemployment 16.1 16.0 0.9 -0.1 -0.8 -0.6 -4.8
Participation rate 68.1 68.2 0.4 0.1 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 5.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 64.4 64.5 0.4 0.1 0.8 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 153.3 153.8 ... 0.5 7.8 0.3 5.3
Labour force 100.7 101.5 0.9 0.8 6.3 0.8 6.6
Employment 95.3 96.1 0.9 0.8 6.8 0.8 7.6
Unemployment 5.5 5.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.7 -3.6 -11.7
Participation rate 65.7 66.0 0.6 0.3 0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 5.2 0.4 -0.3 -1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 62.2 62.5 0.6 0.3 1.3 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 120.2 120.4 ... 0.2 3.7 0.2 3.2
Labour force 76.4 74.5 0.8 -1.9 0.5 -2.5 0.7
Employment 72.1 70.8 0.9 -1.3 1.1 -1.8 1.6
Unemployment 4.3 3.6 0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -16.3 -16.3
Participation rate 63.6 61.9 0.7 -1.7 -1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.6 4.8 0.4 -0.8 -1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 60.0 58.8 0.7 -1.2 -0.9 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 138.2 138.4 ... 0.2 2.0 0.1 1.5
Labour force 77.8 78.0 1.1 0.2 1.6 0.3 2.1
Employment 74.8 74.9 1.1 0.1 1.0 0.1 1.4
Unemployment 3.0 3.0 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.0 20.0
Participation rate 56.3 56.4 0.8 0.1 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 3.8 0.4 -0.1 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 54.1 54.1 0.8 0.0 -0.1 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 715.1 716.3 ... 1.2 13.3 0.2 1.9
Labour force 469.5 472.3 3.3 2.8 0.2 0.6 0.0
Employment 449.1 453.3 3.3 4.2 -5.5 0.9 -1.2
Unemployment 20.4 19.0 1.0 -1.4 5.7 -6.9 42.9
Participation rate 65.7 65.9 0.5 0.2 -1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.3 4.0 0.2 -0.3 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 62.8 63.3 0.5 0.5 -2.0 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 200.4 200.9 ... 0.5 5.6 0.2 2.9
Labour force 122.9 122.6 1.2 -0.3 4.3 -0.2 3.6
Employment 116.0 115.8 1.3 -0.2 2.6 -0.2 2.3
Unemployment 6.9 6.7 0.5 -0.2 1.6 -2.9 31.4
Participation rate 61.3 61.0 0.6 -0.3 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.6 5.5 0.4 -0.1 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 57.9 57.6 0.6 -0.3 -0.4 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 141.9 142.1 ... 0.2 2.5 0.1 1.8
Labour force 87.7 88.1 0.9 0.4 2.5 0.5 2.9
Employment 81.8 82.5 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Unemployment 5.8 5.6 0.3 -0.2 1.8 -3.4 47.4
Participation rate 61.8 62.0 0.6 0.2 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.4 0.4 -0.2 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 57.6 58.1 0.6 0.5 -0.4 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,893.6 3,905.2 ... 11.6 140.2 0.3 3.7
Labour force 2,577.0 2,593.0 8.9 16.0 26.7 0.6 1.0
Employment 2,406.0 2,418.9 9.2 12.9 -7.7 0.5 -0.3
Unemployment 170.9 174.2 4.7 3.3 34.5 1.9 24.7
Participation rate 66.2 66.4 0.2 0.2 -1.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.7 0.2 0.1 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 61.8 61.9 0.2 0.1 -2.6 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,321.7 1,325.5 ... 3.8 46.7 0.3 3.7
Labour force 910.4 913.7 4.3 3.3 22.5 0.4 2.5
Employment 851.9 855.2 4.5 3.3 7.0 0.4 0.8
Unemployment 58.6 58.4 1.9 -0.2 15.4 -0.3 35.8
Participation rate 68.9 68.9 0.3 0.0 -0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.4 0.2 0.0 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 64.5 64.5 0.3 0.0 -1.8 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 300.8 301.3 ... 0.5 5.6 0.2 1.9
Labour force 199.8 199.3 1.5 -0.5 1.0 -0.3 0.5
Employment 186.0 185.8 1.6 -0.2 -4.4 -0.1 -2.3
Unemployment 13.8 13.5 0.5 -0.3 5.5 -2.2 68.8
Participation rate 66.4 66.1 0.5 -0.3 -1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.9 6.8 0.3 -0.1 2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 61.8 61.7 0.5 -0.1 -2.6 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 1,020.8 1,024.2 ... 3.4 41.1 0.3 4.2
Labour force 710.6 714.4 4.1 3.8 21.4 0.5 3.1
Employment 665.8 669.4 4.2 3.6 11.4 0.5 1.7
Unemployment 44.8 45.0 1.8 0.2 10.0 0.4 28.6
Participation rate 69.6 69.8 0.4 0.2 -0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 6.3 0.3 0.0 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 65.2 65.4 0.4 0.2 -1.5 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 161.6 162.1 ... 0.5 7.0 0.3 4.5
Labour force 97.5 100.0 1.0 2.5 3.9 2.6 4.1
Employment 91.2 94.3 1.0 3.1 2.8 3.4 3.1
Unemployment 6.3 5.8 0.3 -0.5 1.1 -7.9 23.4
Participation rate 60.3 61.7 0.6 1.4 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 5.8 0.3 -0.7 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 56.4 58.2 0.6 1.8 -0.8 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 91.6 82.0 ... -9.6 -19.2 -10.5 -19.0
Labour force 49.6 43.7 2.9 -5.9 -17.6 -11.9 -28.7
Employment 47.7 42.3 2.7 -5.4 -14.9 -11.3 -26.0
Unemployment 1.8 1.4 0.6 -0.4 -2.6 -22.2 -65.0
Participation rate 54.1 53.3 2.5 -0.8 -7.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.6 3.2 1.0 -0.4 -3.3 ... ...
Employment rate 52.1 51.6 2.2 -0.5 -4.9 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 121.4 121.8 ... 0.4 4.2 0.3 3.6
Labour force 66.4 67.1 1.4 0.7 -5.7 1.1 -7.8
Employment 63.3 64.1 1.5 0.8 -6.9 1.3 -9.7
Unemployment 3.1 3.0 0.5 -0.1 1.2 -3.2 66.7
Participation rate 54.7 55.1 1.2 0.4 -6.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 4.5 0.7 -0.2 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 52.1 52.6 1.3 0.5 -7.8 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 368.9 369.7 ... 0.8 9.5 0.2 2.6
Labour force 246.4 248.7 2.0 2.3 9.3 0.9 3.9
Employment 226.9 228.7 2.1 1.8 5.6 0.8 2.5
Unemployment 19.5 20.0 1.0 0.5 3.7 2.6 22.7
Participation rate 66.8 67.3 0.6 0.5 0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.9 8.0 0.4 0.1 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 61.5 61.9 0.6 0.4 0.0 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 6,153.5 6,178.6 ... 25.1 299.8 0.4 5.1
Labour force 4,082.2 4,089.1 11.2 6.9 139.1 0.2 3.5
Employment 3,754.2 3,762.5 11.2 8.3 75.8 0.2 2.1
Unemployment 328.0 326.7 6.4 -1.3 63.4 -0.4 24.1
Participation rate 66.3 66.2 0.2 -0.1 -1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 8.0 0.2 0.0 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 61.0 60.9 0.2 -0.1 -1.8 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 703.8 705.4 ... 1.6 18.5 0.2 2.7
Labour force 453.0 453.2 3.2 0.2 12.9 0.0 2.9
Employment 424.9 425.2 3.2 0.3 7.7 0.1 1.8
Unemployment 28.1 28.0 1.3 -0.1 5.2 -0.4 22.8
Participation rate 64.4 64.2 0.5 -0.2 0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.2 0.3 0.0 1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 60.4 60.3 0.5 -0.1 -0.5 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 397.6 398.7 ... 1.1 13.3 0.3 3.5
Labour force 243.1 242.0 3.0 -1.1 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2
Employment 226.1 225.8 2.9 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.1
Unemployment 17.0 16.2 1.3 -0.8 -0.8 -4.7 -4.7
Participation rate 61.1 60.7 0.8 -0.4 -2.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 6.7 0.5 -0.3 -0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 56.9 56.6 0.7 -0.3 -1.9 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 556.7 559.1 ... 2.4 28.5 0.4 5.4
Labour force 384.6 387.8 2.1 3.2 22.5 0.8 6.2
Employment 355.3 357.4 2.1 2.1 13.3 0.6 3.9
Unemployment 29.3 30.3 1.1 1.0 9.1 3.4 42.9
Participation rate 69.1 69.4 0.4 0.3 0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.6 7.8 0.3 0.2 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 63.8 63.9 0.4 0.1 -1.0 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 124.6 124.7 ... 0.1 2.1 0.1 1.7
Labour force 80.2 79.9 1.0 -0.3 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0
Employment 74.7 74.8 0.9 0.1 -2.5 0.1 -3.2
Unemployment 5.6 5.2 0.4 -0.4 1.8 -7.1 52.9
Participation rate 64.4 64.1 0.8 -0.3 -1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 6.5 0.5 -0.5 2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 60.0 60.0 0.8 0.0 -3.1 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 151.6 152.0 ... 0.4 4.8 0.3 3.3
Labour force 102.6 101.1 1.3 -1.5 -3.9 -1.5 -3.7
Employment 97.2 95.7 1.3 -1.5 -3.3 -1.5 -3.3
Unemployment 5.4 5.4 0.6 0.0 -0.7 0.0 -11.5
Participation rate 67.7 66.5 0.9 -1.2 -4.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 5.3 0.6 0.0 -0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 63.0 0.9 -1.1 -4.3 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 514.9 516.8 ... 1.9 23.1 0.4 4.7
Labour force 330.1 331.6 2.3 1.5 -1.6 0.5 -0.5
Employment 309.0 310.4 2.4 1.4 -4.1 0.5 -1.3
Unemployment 21.2 21.1 1.0 -0.1 2.4 -0.5 12.8
Participation rate 64.1 64.2 0.5 0.1 -3.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.4 0.3 0.0 0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 60.0 60.1 0.5 0.1 -3.6 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 331.7 332.9 ... 1.2 14.3 0.4 4.5
Labour force 212.8 212.1 2.1 -0.7 12.6 -0.3 6.3
Employment 193.8 193.6 2.2 -0.2 8.3 -0.1 4.5
Unemployment 18.9 18.6 1.0 -0.3 4.4 -1.6 31.0
Participation rate 64.2 63.7 0.7 -0.5 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.9 8.8 0.5 -0.1 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 58.4 58.2 0.7 -0.2 0.0 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 194.6 195.1 ... 0.5 6.2 0.3 3.3
Labour force 132.8 132.5 1.8 -0.3 3.0 -0.2 2.3
Employment 125.1 125.1 1.9 0.0 1.7 0.0 1.4
Unemployment 7.8 7.4 0.9 -0.4 1.3 -5.1 21.3
Participation rate 68.2 67.9 0.9 -0.3 -0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 5.6 0.7 -0.3 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 64.3 64.1 1.0 -0.2 -1.2 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 150.9 151.1 ... 0.2 3.1 0.1 2.1
Labour force 91.4 91.5 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0
Employment 86.3 86.1 1.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.6
Unemployment 5.2 5.4 0.4 0.2 0.6 3.8 12.5
Participation rate 60.6 60.6 0.7 0.0 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.9 0.4 0.2 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 57.2 57.0 0.8 -0.2 -1.5 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 110.4 110.6 ... 0.2 2.6 0.2 2.4
Labour force 67.4 68.0 0.6 0.6 1.1 0.9 1.6
Employment 64.4 64.7 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.5 1.3
Unemployment 3.0 3.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 13.3 13.3
Participation rate 61.1 61.5 0.6 0.4 -0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.5 5.0 0.3 0.5 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 58.3 58.5 0.6 0.2 -0.7 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 771.6 774.4 ... 2.8 34.7 0.4 4.7
Labour force 522.3 525.2 1.8 2.9 23.7 0.6 4.7
Employment 492.3 494.9 1.9 2.6 18.9 0.5 4.0
Unemployment 30.1 30.2 1.0 0.1 4.7 0.3 18.4
Participation rate 67.7 67.8 0.2 0.1 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 5.8 0.2 0.0 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 63.8 63.9 0.2 0.1 -0.5 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 240.4 241.3 ... 0.9 10.8 0.4 4.7
Labour force 160.8 160.6 1.2 -0.2 2.6 -0.1 1.6
Employment 150.7 150.8 1.2 0.1 1.1 0.1 0.7
Unemployment 10.1 9.7 0.5 -0.4 1.4 -4.0 16.9
Participation rate 66.9 66.6 0.5 -0.3 -1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 6.0 0.3 -0.3 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 62.7 62.5 0.5 -0.2 -2.4 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 306.9 308.1 ... 1.2 13.6 0.4 4.6
Labour force 220.6 221.3 1.2 0.7 9.4 0.3 4.4
Employment 208.8 209.3 1.2 0.5 9.2 0.2 4.6
Unemployment 11.9 12.0 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.8 1.7
Participation rate 71.9 71.8 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 5.4 0.3 0.0 -0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 68.0 67.9 0.4 -0.1 0.0 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 118.3 118.8 ... 0.5 5.6 0.4 4.9
Labour force 80.3 78.8 1.3 -1.5 4.1 -1.9 5.5
Employment 76.2 74.7 1.3 -1.5 3.7 -2.0 5.2
Unemployment 4.1 4.1 0.5 0.0 0.4 0.0 10.8
Participation rate 67.9 66.3 1.1 -1.6 0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.1 5.2 0.7 0.1 0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 64.4 62.9 1.2 -1.5 0.2 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,436.5 1,442.7 ... 6.2 73.2 0.4 5.3
Labour force 1,017.3 1,023.2 5.6 5.9 52.7 0.6 5.4
Employment 942.2 944.1 5.6 1.9 28.9 0.2 3.2
Unemployment 75.2 79.1 2.9 3.9 23.8 5.2 43.0
Participation rate 70.8 70.9 0.4 0.1 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.4 7.7 0.3 0.3 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 65.6 65.4 0.4 -0.2 -1.4 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,371.0 1,377.4 ... 6.4 73.4 0.5 5.6
Labour force 936.6 940.6 5.2 4.0 29.7 0.4 3.3
Employment 852.6 859.7 5.3 7.1 5.5 0.8 0.6
Unemployment 84.0 80.9 2.7 -3.1 24.2 -3.7 42.7
Participation rate 68.3 68.3 0.4 0.0 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.0 8.6 0.3 -0.4 2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 62.2 62.4 0.4 0.2 -3.1 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 200.3 200.8 ... 0.5 6.4 0.2 3.3
Labour force 116.0 117.9 2.3 1.9 0.7 1.6 0.6
Employment 110.5 112.6 2.3 2.1 -1.0 1.9 -0.9
Unemployment 5.5 5.3 0.8 -0.2 1.7 -3.6 47.2
Participation rate 57.9 58.7 1.2 0.8 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 4.5 0.6 -0.2 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 55.2 56.1 1.2 0.9 -2.3 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 184.5 185.0 ... 0.5 6.1 0.3 3.4
Labour force 124.3 123.7 1.2 -0.6 9.6 -0.5 8.4
Employment 116.3 116.3 1.2 0.0 9.0 0.0 8.4
Unemployment 8.0 7.5 0.5 -0.5 0.7 -6.3 10.3
Participation rate 67.4 66.9 0.6 -0.5 3.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.1 0.4 -0.3 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 63.0 62.9 0.7 -0.1 2.9 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,561.3 2,569.7 ... 8.4 103.9 0.3 4.2
Labour force 1,698.0 1,702.0 6.1 4.0 1.0 0.2 0.1
Employment 1,591.2 1,592.7 6.2 1.5 -7.9 0.1 -0.5
Unemployment 106.8 109.3 3.1 2.5 8.8 2.3 8.8
Participation rate 66.3 66.2 0.2 -0.1 -2.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 6.4 0.2 0.1 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.1 62.0 0.2 -0.1 -2.9 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 376.8 377.8 ... 1.0 11.9 0.3 3.3
Labour force 251.0 250.8 2.2 -0.2 7.0 -0.1 2.9
Employment 242.6 241.5 2.2 -1.1 7.1 -0.5 3.0
Unemployment 8.5 9.2 0.8 0.7 -0.2 8.2 -2.1
Participation rate 66.6 66.4 0.6 -0.2 -0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.4 3.7 0.3 0.3 -0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 64.4 63.9 0.6 -0.5 -0.2 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: