Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  April
2024
May
2024
Standard error1 April to May 2024 May 2023 to May 2024 April to May 2024 May 2023 to May 2024
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 194.3 194.7 ... 0.4 6.0 0.2 3.2
Labour force 129.0 129.2 0.8 0.2 6.3 0.2 5.1
Employment 119.8 119.9 0.9 0.1 3.3 0.1 2.8
Unemployment 9.1 9.4 0.4 0.3 3.1 3.3 49.2
Participation rate 66.4 66.4 0.4 0.0 1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.1 7.3 0.3 0.2 2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 61.7 61.6 0.5 -0.1 -0.2 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 423.7 425.3 ... 1.6 19.5 0.4 4.8
Labour force 293.4 296.0 1.5 2.6 19.7 0.9 7.1
Employment 278.4 279.6 1.5 1.2 17.2 0.4 6.6
Unemployment 14.9 16.4 0.8 1.5 2.5 10.1 18.0
Participation rate 69.2 69.6 0.4 0.4 1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.1 5.5 0.3 0.4 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 65.7 65.7 0.4 0.0 1.0 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 149.6 150.3 ... 0.7 7.3 0.5 5.1
Labour force 98.0 97.9 0.9 -0.1 1.7 -0.1 1.8
Employment 93.0 92.8 0.9 -0.2 1.8 -0.2 2.0
Unemployment 5.0 5.1 0.4 0.1 -0.2 2.0 -3.8
Participation rate 65.5 65.1 0.7 -0.4 -2.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.1 5.2 0.4 0.1 -0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 62.2 61.7 0.7 -0.5 -1.9 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 118.3 118.7 ... 0.4 3.5 0.3 3.0
Labour force 78.4 79.8 0.9 1.4 9.7 1.8 13.8
Employment 73.2 73.6 0.9 0.4 7.3 0.5 11.0
Unemployment 5.1 6.2 0.3 1.1 2.4 21.6 63.2
Participation rate 66.3 67.2 0.8 0.9 6.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 7.8 0.5 1.3 2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.9 62.0 0.8 0.1 4.4 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 137.2 137.4 ... 0.2 1.5 0.1 1.1
Labour force 77.1 76.7 1.1 -0.4 -4.2 -0.5 -5.2
Employment 75.4 75.3 1.1 -0.1 -2.7 -0.1 -3.5
Unemployment 1.7 1.4 0.3 -0.3 -1.5 -17.6 -51.7
Participation rate 56.2 55.8 0.8 -0.4 -3.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 2.2 1.8 0.4 -0.4 -1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 55.0 54.8 0.8 -0.2 -2.6 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 708.7 709.9 ... 1.2 11.1 0.2 1.6
Labour force 481.1 478.7 3.4 -2.4 14.5 -0.5 3.1
Employment 466.1 463.3 3.4 -2.8 11.4 -0.6 2.5
Unemployment 15.1 15.4 1.1 0.3 3.1 2.0 25.2
Participation rate 67.9 67.4 0.5 -0.5 1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.1 3.2 0.2 0.1 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 65.8 65.3 0.5 -0.5 0.6 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 197.8 198.3 ... 0.5 4.8 0.3 2.5
Labour force 124.0 124.8 1.3 0.8 10.3 0.6 9.0
Employment 117.9 119.4 1.3 1.5 9.9 1.3 9.0
Unemployment 6.2 5.4 0.4 -0.8 0.4 -12.9 8.0
Participation rate 62.7 62.9 0.7 0.2 3.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 4.3 0.4 -0.7 -0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 59.6 60.2 0.7 0.6 3.6 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 140.6 140.9 ... 0.3 2.1 0.2 1.5
Labour force 85.4 84.5 0.9 -0.9 4.4 -1.1 5.5
Employment 80.7 80.1 0.9 -0.6 3.1 -0.7 4.0
Unemployment 4.7 4.4 0.3 -0.3 1.3 -6.4 41.9
Participation rate 60.7 60.0 0.7 -0.7 2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 5.2 0.4 -0.3 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 57.4 56.8 0.7 -0.6 1.3 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,828.2 3,840.6 ... 12.4 117.3 0.3 3.2
Labour force 2,525.7 2,530.0 9.0 4.3 -11.8 0.2 -0.5
Employment 2,382.1 2,383.0 9.3 0.9 -46.0 0.0 -1.9
Unemployment 143.6 147.0 4.6 3.4 34.2 2.4 30.3
Participation rate 66.0 65.9 0.2 -0.1 -2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.8 0.2 0.1 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 62.2 62.0 0.3 -0.2 -3.2 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,301.3 1,305.3 ... 4.0 44.2 0.3 3.5
Labour force 886.2 883.6 4.6 -2.6 25.3 -0.3 2.9
Employment 840.1 835.4 4.7 -4.7 14.3 -0.6 1.7
Unemployment 46.1 48.2 1.9 2.1 11.1 4.6 29.9
Participation rate 68.1 67.7 0.4 -0.4 -0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.5 0.2 0.3 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 64.6 64.0 0.4 -0.6 -1.1 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 298.2 298.6 ... 0.4 4.9 0.1 1.7
Labour force 203.2 200.5 1.5 -2.7 4.3 -1.3 2.2
Employment 193.1 189.8 1.6 -3.3 1.3 -1.7 0.7
Unemployment 10.2 10.7 0.5 0.5 3.0 4.9 39.0
Participation rate 68.1 67.1 0.5 -1.0 0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 5.3 0.3 0.3 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 64.8 63.6 0.5 -1.2 -0.6 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 1,003.2 1,006.6 ... 3.4 39.2 0.3 4.1
Labour force 683.0 683.1 4.3 0.1 21.0 0.0 3.2
Employment 647.1 645.7 4.4 -1.4 13.1 -0.2 2.1
Unemployment 35.9 37.4 1.8 1.5 7.9 4.2 26.8
Participation rate 68.1 67.9 0.4 -0.2 -0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 5.5 0.3 0.2 1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 64.5 64.1 0.5 -0.4 -1.3 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 158.5 159.1 ... 0.6 7.1 0.4 4.7
Labour force 96.9 98.6 0.9 1.7 0.2 1.8 0.2
Employment 90.6 92.9 0.9 2.3 -1.2 2.5 -1.3
Unemployment 6.2 5.7 0.3 -0.5 1.4 -8.1 32.6
Participation rate 61.1 62.0 0.6 0.9 -2.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 5.8 0.3 -0.6 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 57.2 58.4 0.6 1.2 -3.5 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 97.4 97.1 ... -0.3 -10.3 -0.3 -9.6
Labour force 41.4 44.6 3.2 3.2 -22.9 7.7 -33.9
Employment 39.4 42.3 2.9 2.9 -21.6 7.4 -33.8
Unemployment 2.0 2.4 0.9 0.4 -1.2 20.0 -33.3
Participation rate 42.5 45.9 2.0 3.4 -16.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.8 5.4 1.3 0.6 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 40.5 43.6 1.8 3.1 -15.9 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 119.6 119.9 ... 0.3 3.8 0.3 3.3
Labour force 70.0 68.8 1.4 -1.2 0.0 -1.7 0.0
Employment 65.9 65.7 1.5 -0.2 1.5 -0.3 2.3
Unemployment 4.2 3.1 0.5 -1.1 -1.5 -26.2 -32.6
Participation rate 58.5 57.4 1.2 -1.1 -1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.0 4.5 0.8 -1.5 -2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 55.1 54.8 1.3 -0.3 -0.5 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 364.7 365.5 ... 0.8 9.1 0.2 2.6
Labour force 246.5 245.6 2.1 -0.9 13.7 -0.4 5.9
Employment 233.1 232.8 2.1 -0.3 12.8 -0.1 5.8
Unemployment 13.4 12.8 1.0 -0.6 0.9 -4.5 7.6
Participation rate 67.6 67.2 0.6 -0.4 2.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 5.2 0.4 -0.2 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 63.9 63.7 0.6 -0.2 2.0 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 6,021.5 6,047.1 ... 25.6 272.7 0.4 4.7
Labour force 4,008.4 4,037.1 11.4 28.7 126.1 0.7 3.2
Employment 3,698.8 3,719.9 11.4 21.1 42.3 0.6 1.2
Unemployment 309.5 317.2 6.2 7.7 83.8 2.5 35.9
Participation rate 66.6 66.8 0.2 0.2 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.7 7.9 0.2 0.2 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 61.4 61.5 0.2 0.1 -2.2 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 695.7 697.2 ... 1.5 17.0 0.2 2.5
Labour force 454.6 459.1 3.2 4.5 26.3 1.0 6.1
Employment 424.5 426.9 3.3 2.4 15.3 0.6 3.7
Unemployment 30.1 32.1 1.3 2.0 10.9 6.6 51.4
Participation rate 65.3 65.8 0.5 0.5 2.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 7.0 0.3 0.4 2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 61.0 61.2 0.5 0.2 0.7 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 391.7 392.8 ... 1.1 12.1 0.3 3.2
Labour force 233.1 233.8 3.0 0.7 -1.1 0.3 -0.5
Employment 214.7 215.4 2.9 0.7 -8.5 0.3 -3.8
Unemployment 18.4 18.4 1.1 0.0 7.4 0.0 67.3
Participation rate 59.5 59.5 0.8 0.0 -2.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.9 7.9 0.5 0.0 3.2 ... ...
Employment rate 54.8 54.8 0.8 0.0 -4.0 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 544.2 546.6 ... 2.4 26.0 0.4 5.0
Labour force 383.6 386.6 2.0 3.0 22.0 0.8 6.0
Employment 360.0 362.8 2.1 2.8 21.2 0.8 6.2
Unemployment 23.6 23.7 1.1 0.1 0.6 0.4 2.6
Participation rate 70.5 70.7 0.4 0.2 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 66.2 66.4 0.4 0.2 0.8 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 123.6 123.8 ... 0.2 2.0 0.2 1.6
Labour force 83.7 84.3 1.0 0.6 1.9 0.7 2.3
Employment 79.5 80.2 1.1 0.7 1.1 0.9 1.4
Unemployment 4.2 4.1 0.4 -0.1 0.8 -2.4 24.2
Participation rate 67.7 68.1 0.9 0.4 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 4.9 0.5 -0.1 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 64.3 64.8 0.9 0.5 -0.1 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 149.5 149.9 ... 0.4 4.5 0.3 3.1
Labour force 109.8 109.2 1.3 -0.6 3.6 -0.5 3.4
Employment 105.0 104.6 1.3 -0.4 3.1 -0.4 3.1
Unemployment 4.8 4.6 0.6 -0.2 0.4 -4.2 9.5
Participation rate 73.4 72.8 0.9 -0.6 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.4 4.2 0.6 -0.2 0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 70.2 69.8 0.9 -0.4 0.0 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 504.7 506.7 ... 2.0 21.2 0.4 4.4
Labour force 334.3 336.8 2.4 2.5 21.4 0.7 6.8
Employment 313.0 315.6 2.4 2.6 14.8 0.8 4.9
Unemployment 21.3 21.2 1.0 -0.1 6.6 -0.5 45.2
Participation rate 66.2 66.5 0.5 0.3 1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.3 0.3 -0.1 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 62.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 325.4 326.6 ... 1.2 12.9 0.4 4.1
Labour force 204.2 207.9 2.0 3.7 3.1 1.8 1.5
Employment 187.2 190.2 2.1 3.0 -1.2 1.6 -0.6
Unemployment 17.1 17.7 0.9 0.6 4.3 3.5 32.1
Participation rate 62.8 63.7 0.6 0.9 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.4 8.5 0.5 0.1 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 57.5 58.2 0.7 0.7 -2.8 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 191.9 192.4 ... 0.5 5.8 0.3 3.1
Labour force 133.2 131.4 1.6 -1.8 -9.3 -1.4 -6.6
Employment 124.5 123.4 1.7 -1.1 -10.8 -0.9 -8.0
Unemployment 8.7 8.0 0.8 -0.7 1.5 -8.0 23.1
Participation rate 69.4 68.3 0.9 -1.1 -7.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 6.1 0.6 -0.4 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 64.9 64.1 0.9 -0.8 -7.8 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 149.5 149.7 ... 0.2 2.8 0.1 1.9
Labour force 88.7 87.5 1.0 -1.2 -4.1 -1.4 -4.5
Employment 84.1 82.8 1.0 -1.3 -5.0 -1.5 -5.7
Unemployment 4.6 4.6 0.4 0.0 0.8 0.0 21.1
Participation rate 59.3 58.5 0.7 -0.8 -3.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.3 0.4 0.1 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 56.3 55.3 0.7 -1.0 -4.5 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 109.2 109.4 ... 0.2 2.3 0.2 2.1
Labour force 64.9 65.5 0.6 0.6 -2.2 0.9 -3.2
Employment 62.2 63.3 0.6 1.1 -1.8 1.8 -2.8
Unemployment 2.7 2.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.4 -18.5 -15.4
Participation rate 59.4 59.9 0.6 0.5 -3.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.2 3.4 0.3 -0.8 -0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 57.0 57.9 0.6 0.9 -2.9 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 755.8 758.8 ... 3.0 31.1 0.4 4.3
Labour force 503.2 507.2 1.7 4.0 11.0 0.8 2.2
Employment 479.1 481.9 1.8 2.8 10.1 0.6 2.1
Unemployment 24.1 25.3 1.0 1.2 0.8 5.0 3.3
Participation rate 66.6 66.8 0.2 0.2 -1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.8 5.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 63.4 63.5 0.2 0.1 -1.3 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 235.5 236.4 ... 0.9 10.2 0.4 4.5
Labour force 161.8 162.8 1.1 1.0 11.3 0.6 7.5
Employment 151.4 151.4 1.1 0.0 6.9 0.0 4.8
Unemployment 10.4 11.4 0.5 1.0 4.5 9.6 65.2
Participation rate 68.7 68.9 0.5 0.2 1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 7.0 0.3 0.6 2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 64.3 64.0 0.5 -0.3 0.1 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 300.8 302.0 ... 1.2 13.1 0.4 4.5
Labour force 212.7 212.0 1.2 -0.7 7.5 -0.3 3.7
Employment 201.6 200.7 1.2 -0.9 6.0 -0.4 3.1
Unemployment 11.1 11.2 0.5 0.1 1.4 0.9 14.3
Participation rate 70.7 70.2 0.4 -0.5 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.3 0.3 0.1 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 67.0 66.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.9 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 115.8 116.3 ... 0.5 5.5 0.4 5.0
Labour force 82.4 83.4 1.3 1.0 13.4 1.2 19.1
Employment 77.0 78.6 1.3 1.6 12.2 2.1 18.4
Unemployment 5.3 4.8 0.4 -0.5 1.1 -9.4 29.7
Participation rate 71.2 71.7 1.2 0.5 8.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 5.8 0.6 -0.6 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 66.5 67.6 1.2 1.1 7.7 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,403.7 1,409.7 ... 6.0 71.1 0.4 5.3
Labour force 1,013.3 1,026.1 6.0 12.8 64.4 1.3 6.7
Employment 935.3 942.6 6.2 7.3 40.6 0.8 4.5
Unemployment 77.9 83.5 2.7 5.6 23.8 7.2 39.9
Participation rate 72.2 72.8 0.4 0.6 1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.7 8.1 0.3 0.4 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 66.6 66.9 0.5 0.3 -0.5 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,338.2 1,344.3 ... 6.1 71.0 0.5 5.6
Labour force 917.0 916.0 5.1 -1.0 12.3 -0.1 1.4
Employment 858.3 855.2 5.2 -3.1 4.0 -0.4 0.5
Unemployment 58.6 60.8 2.5 2.2 8.3 3.8 15.8
Participation rate 68.5 68.1 0.4 -0.4 -2.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.6 0.3 0.2 0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 63.6 0.4 -0.5 -3.2 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 197.4 198.0 ... 0.6 6.2 0.3 3.2
Labour force 119.7 118.3 2.1 -1.4 -7.6 -1.2 -6.0
Employment 113.8 113.2 2.0 -0.6 -8.6 -0.5 -7.1
Unemployment 5.9 5.1 0.7 -0.8 1.1 -13.6 27.5
Participation rate 60.6 59.7 1.1 -0.9 -5.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 4.3 0.5 -0.6 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 57.6 57.2 1.0 -0.4 -6.3 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 181.8 182.3 ... 0.5 5.7 0.3 3.2
Labour force 119.1 120.5 1.2 1.4 9.3 1.2 8.4
Employment 112.8 113.9 1.2 1.1 8.2 1.0 7.8
Unemployment 6.3 6.6 0.5 0.3 1.1 4.8 20.0
Participation rate 65.5 66.1 0.7 0.6 3.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 5.5 0.4 0.2 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 62.5 0.7 0.5 2.6 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,514.1 2,523.1 ... 9.0 95.4 0.4 3.9
Labour force 1,710.5 1,714.9 6.0 4.4 60.9 0.3 3.7
Employment 1,619.4 1,617.6 6.1 -1.8 48.8 -0.1 3.1
Unemployment 91.1 97.3 3.1 6.2 12.1 6.8 14.2
Participation rate 68.0 68.0 0.2 0.0 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 5.7 0.2 0.4 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 64.4 64.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.5 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 371.5 372.5 ... 1.0 11.5 0.3 3.2
Labour force 244.0 250.8 2.2 6.8 29.0 2.8 13.1
Employment 232.9 239.2 2.2 6.3 25.4 2.7 11.9
Unemployment 11.1 11.7 0.8 0.6 3.7 5.4 46.3
Participation rate 65.7 67.3 0.6 1.6 5.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.5 4.7 0.3 0.2 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 62.7 64.2 0.6 1.5 5.0 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: