Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  March
2024
April
2024
Standard error1 March to April 2024 April 2023 to April 2024 March to April 2024 April 2023 to April 2024
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 193.9 194.3 ... 0.4 6.1 0.2 3.2
Labour force 128.3 129.0 0.8 0.7 6.8 0.5 5.6
Employment 120.1 119.8 0.9 -0.3 3.8 -0.2 3.3
Unemployment 8.2 9.1 0.4 0.9 2.9 11.0 46.8
Participation rate 66.2 66.4 0.4 0.2 1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 7.1 0.3 0.7 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 61.9 61.7 0.5 -0.2 0.1 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 422.2 423.7 ... 1.5 19.5 0.4 4.8
Labour force 293.3 293.4 1.5 0.1 16.7 0.0 6.0
Employment 278.0 278.4 1.5 0.4 15.1 0.1 5.7
Unemployment 15.3 14.9 0.8 -0.4 1.5 -2.6 11.2
Participation rate 69.5 69.2 0.4 -0.3 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.1 0.3 -0.1 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 65.8 65.7 0.4 -0.1 0.6 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 148.9 149.6 ... 0.7 7.1 0.5 5.0
Labour force 97.9 98.0 0.9 0.1 2.1 0.1 2.2
Employment 92.8 93.0 0.9 0.2 2.3 0.2 2.5
Unemployment 5.0 5.0 0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -3.8
Participation rate 65.7 65.5 0.7 -0.2 -1.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.1 5.1 0.4 0.0 -0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 62.3 62.2 0.7 -0.1 -1.4 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 118.0 118.3 ... 0.3 3.4 0.3 3.0
Labour force 77.0 78.4 0.9 1.4 9.2 1.8 13.3
Employment 72.6 73.2 0.9 0.6 8.0 0.8 12.3
Unemployment 4.4 5.1 0.3 0.7 1.1 15.9 27.5
Participation rate 65.3 66.3 0.8 1.0 6.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 6.5 0.5 0.8 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 61.5 61.9 0.8 0.4 5.2 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 137.0 137.2 ... 0.2 1.4 0.1 1.0
Labour force 78.1 77.1 1.1 -1.0 -1.4 -1.3 -1.8
Employment 76.4 75.4 1.1 -1.0 -0.3 -1.3 -0.4
Unemployment 1.7 1.7 0.3 0.0 -1.1 0.0 -39.3
Participation rate 57.0 56.2 0.8 -0.8 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 2.2 2.2 0.4 0.0 -1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 55.8 55.0 0.8 -0.8 -0.7 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 707.6 708.7 ... 1.1 10.6 0.2 1.5
Labour force 481.2 481.1 3.4 -0.1 11.9 -0.0 2.5
Employment 466.3 466.1 3.4 -0.2 6.2 -0.0 1.3
Unemployment 14.9 15.1 1.1 0.2 5.8 1.3 62.4
Participation rate 68.0 67.9 0.5 -0.1 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.1 3.1 0.2 0.0 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 65.9 65.8 0.5 -0.1 -0.1 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 197.4 197.8 ... 0.4 4.6 0.2 2.4
Labour force 124.8 124.0 1.3 -0.8 8.9 -0.6 7.7
Employment 117.9 117.9 1.3 0.0 8.1 0.0 7.4
Unemployment 6.9 6.2 0.4 -0.7 0.9 -10.1 17.0
Participation rate 63.2 62.7 0.7 -0.5 3.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 5.0 0.4 -0.5 0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 59.7 59.6 0.7 -0.1 2.8 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 140.4 140.6 ... 0.2 2.0 0.1 1.4
Labour force 86.2 85.4 0.9 -0.8 5.6 -0.9 7.0
Employment 81.2 80.7 0.9 -0.5 3.8 -0.6 4.9
Unemployment 4.9 4.7 0.3 -0.2 1.7 -4.1 56.7
Participation rate 61.4 60.7 0.7 -0.7 3.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.5 0.4 -0.2 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 57.8 57.4 0.7 -0.4 1.9 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,816.7 3,828.2 ... 11.5 111.5 0.3 3.0
Labour force 2,521.0 2,525.7 9.0 4.7 -12.4 0.2 -0.5
Employment 2,378.5 2,382.1 9.3 3.6 -36.1 0.2 -1.5
Unemployment 142.6 143.6 4.6 1.0 23.8 0.7 19.9
Participation rate 66.1 66.0 0.2 -0.1 -2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.7 0.2 0.0 1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 62.3 62.2 0.3 -0.1 -2.9 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,297.5 1,301.3 ... 3.8 43.5 0.3 3.5
Labour force 891.6 886.2 4.6 -5.4 34.9 -0.6 4.1
Employment 848.5 840.1 4.7 -8.4 25.7 -1.0 3.2
Unemployment 43.0 46.1 1.9 3.1 9.2 7.2 24.9
Participation rate 68.7 68.1 0.4 -0.6 0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.8 5.2 0.2 0.4 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 65.4 64.6 0.4 -0.8 -0.1 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 297.7 298.2 ... 0.5 4.9 0.2 1.7
Labour force 205.2 203.2 1.5 -2.0 7.1 -1.0 3.6
Employment 195.6 193.1 1.6 -2.5 5.4 -1.3 2.9
Unemployment 9.6 10.2 0.5 0.6 1.9 6.3 22.9
Participation rate 68.9 68.1 0.5 -0.8 1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 5.0 0.3 0.3 0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 65.7 64.8 0.5 -0.9 0.8 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 999.8 1,003.2 ... 3.4 38.7 0.3 4.0
Labour force 686.4 683.0 4.3 -3.4 27.8 -0.5 4.2
Employment 652.9 647.1 4.4 -5.8 20.5 -0.9 3.3
Unemployment 33.5 35.9 1.8 2.4 7.3 7.2 25.5
Participation rate 68.7 68.1 0.4 -0.6 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 5.3 0.3 0.4 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 65.3 64.5 0.5 -0.8 -0.5 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 157.9 158.5 ... 0.6 7.0 0.4 4.6
Labour force 96.3 96.9 0.9 0.6 -0.7 0.6 -0.7
Employment 89.6 90.6 0.9 1.0 -2.3 1.1 -2.5
Unemployment 6.7 6.2 0.3 -0.5 1.5 -7.5 31.9
Participation rate 61.0 61.1 0.6 0.1 -3.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 6.4 0.3 -0.6 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 56.7 57.2 0.6 0.5 -4.1 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 96.1 97.4 ... 1.3 -7.5 1.4 -7.1
Labour force 40.9 41.4 3.2 0.5 -24.6 1.2 -37.3
Employment 39.1 39.4 2.9 0.3 -23.9 0.8 -37.8
Unemployment 1.8 2.0 0.9 0.2 -0.7 11.1 -25.9
Participation rate 42.6 42.5 2.0 -0.1 -20.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.4 4.8 1.3 0.4 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 40.7 40.5 1.8 -0.2 -19.8 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 119.2 119.6 ... 0.4 3.7 0.3 3.2
Labour force 70.1 70.0 1.4 -0.1 1.9 -0.1 2.8
Employment 66.0 65.9 1.5 -0.1 1.6 -0.2 2.5
Unemployment 4.1 4.2 0.5 0.1 0.4 2.4 10.5
Participation rate 58.8 58.5 1.2 -0.3 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 6.0 0.8 0.2 0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 55.4 55.1 1.3 -0.3 -0.4 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 364.0 364.7 ... 0.7 8.9 0.2 2.5
Labour force 243.6 246.5 2.1 2.9 11.4 1.2 4.8
Employment 230.9 233.1 2.1 2.2 9.2 1.0 4.1
Unemployment 12.7 13.4 1.0 0.7 2.3 5.5 20.7
Participation rate 66.9 67.6 0.6 0.7 1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.4 0.4 0.2 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 63.4 63.9 0.6 0.5 1.0 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 5,996.6 6,021.5 ... 24.9 265.3 0.4 4.6
Labour force 3,979.7 4,008.4 11.4 28.7 120.0 0.7 3.1
Employment 3,683.0 3,698.8 11.4 15.8 33.2 0.4 0.9
Unemployment 296.7 309.5 6.2 12.8 86.7 4.3 38.9
Participation rate 66.4 66.6 0.2 0.2 -1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 7.7 0.2 0.2 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 61.4 61.4 0.2 0.0 -2.3 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 694.2 695.7 ... 1.5 16.7 0.2 2.5
Labour force 450.4 454.6 3.2 4.2 19.9 0.9 4.6
Employment 421.5 424.5 3.3 3.0 12.8 0.7 3.1
Unemployment 28.9 30.1 1.3 1.2 7.1 4.2 30.9
Participation rate 64.9 65.3 0.5 0.4 1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.6 0.3 0.2 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 60.7 61.0 0.5 0.3 0.4 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 390.5 391.7 ... 1.2 11.8 0.3 3.1
Labour force 233.0 233.1 3.0 0.1 1.6 0.0 0.7
Employment 215.2 214.7 2.9 -0.5 -6.6 -0.2 -3.0
Unemployment 17.8 18.4 1.1 0.6 8.2 3.4 80.4
Participation rate 59.7 59.5 0.8 -0.2 -1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.6 7.9 0.5 0.3 3.5 ... ...
Employment rate 55.1 54.8 0.8 -0.3 -3.5 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 541.8 544.2 ... 2.4 25.4 0.4 4.9
Labour force 378.3 383.6 2.0 5.3 23.5 1.4 6.5
Employment 353.4 360.0 2.1 6.6 22.3 1.9 6.6
Unemployment 24.9 23.6 1.1 -1.3 1.2 -5.2 5.4
Participation rate 69.8 70.5 0.4 0.7 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.2 0.3 -0.4 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 65.2 66.2 0.4 1.0 1.1 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 123.5 123.6 ... 0.1 2.0 0.1 1.6
Labour force 83.8 83.7 1.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.2
Employment 79.7 79.5 1.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 0.1
Unemployment 4.1 4.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 2.4 5.0
Participation rate 67.9 67.7 0.9 -0.2 -1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 5.0 0.5 0.1 0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 64.5 64.3 0.9 -0.2 -1.0 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 149.1 149.5 ... 0.4 4.5 0.3 3.1
Labour force 109.3 109.8 1.3 0.5 4.9 0.5 4.7
Employment 105.2 105.0 1.3 -0.2 3.7 -0.2 3.7
Unemployment 4.1 4.8 0.6 0.7 1.2 17.1 33.3
Participation rate 73.3 73.4 0.9 0.1 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.8 4.4 0.6 0.6 1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 70.6 70.2 0.9 -0.4 0.3 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 502.8 504.7 ... 1.9 20.6 0.4 4.3
Labour force 332.0 334.3 2.4 2.3 20.9 0.7 6.7
Employment 310.9 313.0 2.4 2.1 14.4 0.7 4.8
Unemployment 21.1 21.3 1.0 0.2 6.5 0.9 43.9
Participation rate 66.0 66.2 0.5 0.2 1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.4 0.3 0.0 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 61.8 62.0 0.5 0.2 0.3 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 324.2 325.4 ... 1.2 12.6 0.4 4.0
Labour force 201.3 204.2 2.0 2.9 -0.3 1.4 -0.1
Employment 186.4 187.2 2.1 0.8 -3.7 0.4 -1.9
Unemployment 15.0 17.1 0.9 2.1 3.5 14.0 25.7
Participation rate 62.1 62.8 0.6 0.7 -2.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 8.4 0.5 0.9 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 57.5 57.5 0.7 0.0 -3.5 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 191.3 191.9 ... 0.6 5.7 0.3 3.1
Labour force 134.1 133.2 1.6 -0.9 -7.6 -0.7 -5.4
Employment 125.0 124.5 1.7 -0.5 -10.4 -0.4 -7.7
Unemployment 9.1 8.7 0.8 -0.4 2.7 -4.4 45.0
Participation rate 70.1 69.4 0.9 -0.7 -6.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.8 6.5 0.6 -0.3 2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 65.3 64.9 0.9 -0.4 -7.5 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 149.2 149.5 ... 0.3 2.8 0.2 1.9
Labour force 90.5 88.7 1.0 -1.8 -3.0 -2.0 -3.3
Employment 85.3 84.1 1.0 -1.2 -3.8 -1.4 -4.3
Unemployment 5.1 4.6 0.4 -0.5 0.9 -9.8 24.3
Participation rate 60.7 59.3 0.7 -1.4 -3.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.6 5.2 0.4 -0.4 1.2 ... ...
Employment rate 57.2 56.3 0.7 -0.9 -3.6 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 108.9 109.2 ... 0.3 2.2 0.3 2.1
Labour force 64.3 64.9 0.6 0.6 -3.7 0.9 -5.4
Employment 61.5 62.2 0.6 0.7 -3.7 1.1 -5.6
Unemployment 2.8 2.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -3.6 -3.6
Participation rate 59.0 59.4 0.6 0.4 -4.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.4 4.2 0.3 -0.2 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 56.5 57.0 0.6 0.5 -4.6 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 753.0 755.8 ... 2.8 30.6 0.4 4.2
Labour force 503.9 503.2 1.7 -0.7 8.2 -0.1 1.7
Employment 481.7 479.1 1.8 -2.6 8.4 -0.5 1.8
Unemployment 22.2 24.1 1.0 1.9 -0.2 8.6 -0.8
Participation rate 66.9 66.6 0.2 -0.3 -1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.4 4.8 0.2 0.4 -0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 64.0 63.4 0.2 -0.6 -1.5 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 234.7 235.5 ... 0.8 10.2 0.3 4.5
Labour force 159.9 161.8 1.1 1.9 9.7 1.2 6.4
Employment 151.2 151.4 1.1 0.2 6.7 0.1 4.6
Unemployment 8.6 10.4 0.5 1.8 3.0 20.9 40.5
Participation rate 68.1 68.7 0.5 0.6 1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 6.4 0.3 1.0 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 64.4 64.3 0.5 -0.1 0.1 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 299.8 300.8 ... 1.0 13.0 0.3 4.5
Labour force 214.0 212.7 1.2 -1.3 9.8 -0.6 4.8
Employment 202.9 201.6 1.2 -1.3 8.2 -0.6 4.2
Unemployment 11.1 11.1 0.5 0.0 1.6 0.0 16.8
Participation rate 71.4 70.7 0.4 -0.7 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.2 0.3 0.0 0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 67.7 67.0 0.4 -0.7 -0.2 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 115.4 115.8 ... 0.4 5.5 0.3 5.0
Labour force 81.9 82.4 1.3 0.5 10.8 0.6 15.1
Employment 76.5 77.0 1.3 0.5 9.0 0.7 13.2
Unemployment 5.4 5.3 0.4 -0.1 1.8 -1.9 51.4
Participation rate 71.0 71.2 1.2 0.2 6.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.4 0.6 -0.2 1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 66.3 66.5 1.2 0.2 4.8 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,398.1 1,403.7 ... 5.6 70.9 0.4 5.3
Labour force 996.1 1,013.3 6.0 17.2 60.7 1.7 6.4
Employment 931.6 935.3 6.2 3.7 43.1 0.4 4.8
Unemployment 64.5 77.9 2.7 13.4 17.5 20.8 29.0
Participation rate 71.2 72.2 0.4 1.0 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 7.7 0.3 1.2 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 66.6 66.6 0.5 0.0 -0.3 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,332.6 1,338.2 ... 5.6 70.7 0.4 5.6
Labour force 911.7 917.0 5.1 5.3 20.0 0.6 2.2
Employment 853.0 858.3 5.2 5.3 11.5 0.6 1.4
Unemployment 58.7 58.6 2.5 -0.1 8.4 -0.2 16.7
Participation rate 68.4 68.5 0.4 0.1 -2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.4 0.3 0.0 0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 64.0 64.1 0.4 0.1 -2.7 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 196.8 197.4 ... 0.6 6.1 0.3 3.2
Labour force 118.4 119.7 2.1 1.3 -4.6 1.1 -3.7
Employment 112.0 113.8 2.0 1.8 -6.4 1.6 -5.3
Unemployment 6.4 5.9 0.7 -0.5 1.8 -7.8 43.9
Participation rate 60.2 60.6 1.1 0.4 -4.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 4.9 0.5 -0.5 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 56.9 57.6 1.0 0.7 -5.2 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 181.3 181.8 ... 0.5 5.7 0.3 3.2
Labour force 116.6 119.1 1.2 2.5 7.3 2.1 6.5
Employment 111.3 112.8 1.2 1.5 6.9 1.3 6.5
Unemployment 5.3 6.3 0.5 1.0 0.4 18.9 6.8
Participation rate 64.3 65.5 0.7 1.2 2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.5 5.3 0.4 0.8 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 61.4 62.0 0.7 0.6 1.9 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,505.3 2,514.1 ... 8.8 94.0 0.4 3.9
Labour force 1,706.2 1,710.5 6.0 4.3 58.6 0.3 3.5
Employment 1,614.5 1,619.4 6.1 4.9 54.1 0.3 3.5
Unemployment 91.7 91.1 3.1 -0.6 4.5 -0.7 5.2
Participation rate 68.1 68.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 5.3 0.2 -0.1 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 64.4 64.4 0.2 0.0 -0.3 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 370.5 371.5 ... 1.0 11.6 0.3 3.2
Labour force 242.0 244.0 2.2 2.0 23.8 0.8 10.8
Employment 230.3 232.9 2.2 2.6 20.2 1.1 9.5
Unemployment 11.7 11.1 0.8 -0.6 3.6 -5.1 48.0
Participation rate 65.3 65.7 0.6 0.4 4.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.8 4.5 0.3 -0.3 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 62.2 62.7 0.6 0.5 3.6 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: