Table 6
Employment by province and industry, seasonally adjusted
July 2022 |
August 2022 |
Standard error1 | July to August 2022 | August 2021 to August 2022 | July to August 2022 | August 2021 to August 2022 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
thousands | thousands | thousands | change in thousands | change in thousands | % change | % change | |
Newfoundland and Labrador | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 227.0 | 228.8 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 7.0 | 0.8 | 3.2 |
Goods-producing sector | 42.4 | 42.4 | 1.5 | 0.0 | -1.6 | 0.0 | -3.6 |
Agriculture | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.4 | -0.2 | -0.8 | -15.4 | -42.1 |
Natural resources2 | 13.3 | 14.7 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 10.5 | 9.7 |
Utilities | 1.5 | 1.4 | 0.2 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -6.7 | -6.7 |
Construction | 17.2 | 16.5 | 1.0 | -0.7 | 0.6 | -4.1 | 3.8 |
Manufacturing | 9.0 | 8.7 | 0.9 | -0.3 | -2.6 | -3.3 | -23.0 |
Services-producing sector | 184.6 | 186.3 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 8.5 | 0.9 | 4.8 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 37.4 | 37.9 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 1.9 |
Transportation and warehousing | 10.0 | 11.9 | 0.6 | 1.9 | 3.1 | 19.0 | 35.2 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 8.3 | 7.9 | 0.4 | -0.4 | 1.7 | -4.8 | 27.4 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 11.4 | 11.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 4.4 | 8.2 |
Business, building and other support services | 6.5 | 6.3 | 0.6 | -0.2 | 0.2 | -3.1 | 3.3 |
Educational services | 16.8 | 16.2 | 0.8 | -0.6 | -0.5 | -3.6 | -3.0 |
Health care and social assistance | 43.5 | 42.8 | 0.9 | -0.7 | -1.5 | -1.6 | -3.4 |
Information, culture and recreation | 7.6 | 7.0 | 0.7 | -0.6 | -0.1 | -7.9 | -1.4 |
Accommodation and food services | 15.2 | 16.1 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 3.4 | 5.9 | 26.8 |
Other services (except public administration) | 7.9 | 8.0 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 5.3 |
Public administration | 20.0 | 20.4 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 2.0 | 1.5 |
Prince Edward Island | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 84.9 | 85.7 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 6.7 | 0.9 | 8.5 |
Goods-producing sector | 21.1 | 21.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 3.1 | 2.4 | 16.8 |
Agriculture | 3.4 | 3.6 | 0.3 | 0.2 | -0.2 | 5.9 | -5.3 |
Natural resources2 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 21.1 | 0.0 |
Utilities | x | x | 0.1 | x | x | x | x |
Construction | 7.9 | 7.3 | 0.3 | -0.6 | 1.9 | -7.6 | 35.2 |
Manufacturing | 7.8 | 8.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.7 | 6.4 | 25.8 |
Services-producing sector | 63.8 | 64.1 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 6.1 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 10.9 | 10.6 | 0.4 | -0.3 | -0.9 | -2.8 | -7.8 |
Transportation and warehousing | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.2 | -0.3 | -1.3 | -20.0 | -52.0 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 2.6 | 2.7 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 3.8 | 0.0 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 5.1 | 5.1 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 15.9 |
Business, building and other support services | 2.5 | 2.3 | 0.3 | -0.2 | -0.3 | -8.0 | -11.5 |
Educational services | 6.0 | 6.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | -0.5 | 0.0 | -7.7 |
Health care and social assistance | 12.5 | 13.1 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 4.8 | 11.0 |
Information, culture and recreation | 3.3 | 3.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.1 | 6.1 | 45.8 |
Accommodation and food services | 5.6 | 5.9 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 5.4 | 25.5 |
Other services (except public administration) | 3.1 | 3.0 | 0.2 | -0.1 | -0.3 | -3.2 | -9.1 |
Public administration | 10.8 | 10.8 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 2.6 | 0.0 | 31.7 |
Nova Scotia | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 481.1 | 475.9 | 2.9 | -5.2 | 10.5 | -1.1 | 2.3 |
Goods-producing sector | 93.8 | 90.7 | 1.8 | -3.1 | 3.7 | -3.3 | 4.3 |
Agriculture | 5.3 | 4.1 | 0.6 | -1.2 | -1.9 | -22.6 | -31.7 |
Natural resources2 | 7.3 | 9.4 | 0.9 | 2.1 | -1.4 | 28.8 | -13.0 |
Utilities | 3.9 | 4.5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 15.4 | 7.1 |
Construction | 43.1 | 40.0 | 1.1 | -3.1 | 5.1 | -7.2 | 14.6 |
Manufacturing | 34.3 | 32.8 | 1.1 | -1.5 | 1.7 | -4.4 | 5.5 |
Services-producing sector | 387.3 | 385.2 | 2.9 | -2.1 | 6.8 | -0.5 | 1.8 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 71.4 | 71.5 | 1.6 | 0.1 | -2.1 | 0.1 | -2.9 |
Transportation and warehousing | 20.5 | 21.6 | 0.9 | 1.1 | -2.0 | 5.4 | -8.5 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 24.5 | 24.3 | 0.8 | -0.2 | 1.3 | -0.8 | 5.7 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 40.6 | 40.8 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 3.1 | 0.5 | 8.2 |
Business, building and other support services | 17.9 | 18.0 | 1.0 | 0.1 | -0.2 | 0.6 | -1.1 |
Educational services | 39.6 | 36.4 | 1.1 | -3.2 | -0.5 | -8.1 | -1.4 |
Health care and social assistance | 78.4 | 78.4 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 0.0 | 2.5 |
Information, culture and recreation | 16.2 | 17.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 3.6 | 6.2 | 26.5 |
Accommodation and food services | 30.2 | 29.9 | 1.3 | -0.3 | 1.8 | -1.0 | 6.4 |
Other services (except public administration) | 17.8 | 16.8 | 0.7 | -1.0 | 0.7 | -5.6 | 4.3 |
Public administration | 30.1 | 30.4 | 0.8 | 0.3 | -0.8 | 1.0 | -2.6 |
New Brunswick | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 368.3 | 370.2 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 12.6 | 0.5 | 3.5 |
Goods-producing sector | 76.6 | 76.0 | 1.5 | -0.6 | 7.3 | -0.8 | 10.6 |
Agriculture | 6.2 | 6.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 4.8 | 25.0 |
Natural resources2 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 0.8 | 0.0 | -1.2 | 0.0 | -14.0 |
Utilities | 4.6 | 4.6 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 12.2 |
Construction | 29.1 | 27.9 | 0.9 | -1.2 | 4.3 | -4.1 | 18.2 |
Manufacturing | 29.3 | 29.6 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2.4 | 1.0 | 8.8 |
Services-producing sector | 291.7 | 294.2 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 5.3 | 0.9 | 1.8 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 55.5 | 56.1 | 1.1 | 0.6 | -0.2 | 1.1 | -0.4 |
Transportation and warehousing | 18.4 | 18.2 | 0.7 | -0.2 | -0.9 | -1.1 | -4.7 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 15.5 | 16.5 | 0.5 | 1.0 | -0.2 | 6.5 | -1.2 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 21.5 | 21.4 | 0.7 | -0.1 | 4.1 | -0.5 | 23.7 |
Business, building and other support services | 12.8 | 11.9 | 0.7 | -0.9 | -1.5 | -7.0 | -11.2 |
Educational services | 31.4 | 31.4 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.0 | 8.7 |
Health care and social assistance | 58.6 | 60.0 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 0.0 | 2.4 | 0.0 |
Information, culture and recreation | 11.4 | 11.0 | 0.7 | -0.4 | 1.1 | -3.5 | 11.1 |
Accommodation and food services | 20.8 | 21.4 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 2.9 | 1.9 |
Other services (except public administration) | 13.8 | 14.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 6.5 | 1.4 |
Public administration | 32.1 | 31.7 | 0.8 | -0.4 | -0.3 | -1.2 | -0.9 |
Quebec | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 4,353.1 | 4,380.3 | 16.8 | 27.2 | 94.0 | 0.6 | 2.2 |
Goods-producing sector | 920.9 | 913.3 | 9.3 | -7.6 | 41.0 | -0.8 | 4.7 |
Agriculture | 56.0 | 59.8 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 5.6 | 6.8 | 10.3 |
Natural resources2 | 43.7 | 44.2 | 2.1 | 0.5 | 7.4 | 1.1 | 20.1 |
Utilities | 27.2 | 27.5 | 1.7 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 3.4 |
Construction | 293.5 | 289.6 | 5.8 | -3.9 | 2.3 | -1.3 | 0.8 |
Manufacturing | 500.6 | 492.1 | 6.8 | -8.5 | 24.7 | -1.7 | 5.3 |
Services-producing sector | 3,432.2 | 3,467.0 | 16.4 | 34.8 | 53.0 | 1.0 | 1.6 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 643.1 | 650.9 | 9.3 | 7.8 | -5.1 | 1.2 | -0.8 |
Transportation and warehousing | 233.5 | 235.6 | 5.2 | 2.1 | 12.7 | 0.9 | 5.7 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 268.5 | 268.2 | 4.7 | -0.3 | -17.1 | -0.1 | -6.0 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 377.5 | 386.8 | 6.6 | 9.3 | 21.1 | 2.5 | 5.8 |
Business, building and other support services | 170.2 | 165.9 | 5.7 | -4.3 | 3.7 | -2.5 | 2.3 |
Educational services | 339.4 | 335.3 | 6.8 | -4.1 | -15.7 | -1.2 | -4.5 |
Health care and social assistance | 596.9 | 604.5 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
Information, culture and recreation | 178.5 | 179.8 | 6.1 | 1.3 | 24.9 | 0.7 | 16.1 |
Accommodation and food services | 191.4 | 205.4 | 6.0 | 14.0 | 6.3 | 7.3 | 3.2 |
Other services (except public administration) | 155.4 | 158.3 | 4.5 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 1.9 | 2.6 |
Public administration | 277.7 | 276.2 | 4.4 | -1.5 | 10.4 | -0.5 | 3.9 |
Ontario | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 7,687.0 | 7,667.8 | 23.3 | -19.2 | 251.6 | -0.2 | 3.4 |
Goods-producing sector | 1,547.7 | 1,541.5 | 12.9 | -6.2 | 83.8 | -0.4 | 5.7 |
Agriculture | 72.6 | 70.6 | 3.0 | -2.0 | 0.4 | -2.8 | 0.6 |
Natural resources2 | 43.0 | 42.8 | 2.4 | -0.2 | 7.9 | -0.5 | 22.6 |
Utilities | 58.7 | 63.8 | 2.1 | 5.1 | 10.4 | 8.7 | 19.5 |
Construction | 591.0 | 581.4 | 8.3 | -9.6 | 48.3 | -1.6 | 9.1 |
Manufacturing | 782.4 | 783.0 | 9.3 | 0.6 | 16.9 | 0.1 | 2.2 |
Services-producing sector | 6,139.4 | 6,126.3 | 23.1 | -13.1 | 167.8 | -0.2 | 2.8 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 1,106.5 | 1,115.1 | 12.5 | 8.6 | 34.9 | 0.8 | 3.2 |
Transportation and warehousing | 387.5 | 382.3 | 7.1 | -5.2 | 10.8 | -1.3 | 2.9 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 667.3 | 671.7 | 7.8 | 4.4 | 73.0 | 0.7 | 12.2 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 801.3 | 801.7 | 9.4 | 0.4 | 48.8 | 0.0 | 6.5 |
Business, building and other support services | 290.1 | 291.3 | 8.0 | 1.2 | -1.5 | 0.4 | -0.5 |
Educational services | 566.0 | 546.7 | 8.7 | -19.3 | -13.2 | -3.4 | -2.4 |
Health care and social assistance | 916.4 | 921.3 | 9.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Information, culture and recreation | 330.2 | 318.5 | 8.2 | -11.7 | 18.6 | -3.5 | 6.2 |
Accommodation and food services | 390.8 | 385.2 | 9.1 | -5.6 | -27.6 | -1.4 | -6.7 |
Other services (except public administration) | 247.4 | 254.7 | 7.0 | 7.3 | -11.2 | 3.0 | -4.2 |
Public administration | 435.8 | 437.8 | 5.8 | 2.0 | 30.2 | 0.5 | 7.4 |
Manitoba | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 673.2 | 663.2 | 3.2 | -10.0 | 10.9 | -1.5 | 1.7 |
Goods-producing sector | 141.4 | 141.3 | 1.9 | -0.1 | -3.1 | -0.1 | -2.1 |
Agriculture | 17.6 | 17.2 | 1.0 | -0.4 | -6.2 | -2.3 | -26.5 |
Natural resources2 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 0.4 | -0.4 | 0.5 | -8.5 | 13.2 |
Utilities | 4.7 | 5.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | -0.1 | 8.5 | -1.9 |
Construction | 48.8 | 48.6 | 1.3 | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.4 | -0.4 |
Manufacturing | 65.5 | 66.2 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 2.8 | 1.1 | 4.4 |
Services-producing sector | 531.8 | 521.9 | 3.1 | -9.9 | 14.1 | -1.9 | 2.8 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 89.5 | 90.9 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 1.6 | 0.3 |
Transportation and warehousing | 39.6 | 38.7 | 1.0 | -0.9 | -3.2 | -2.3 | -7.6 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 38.6 | 40.0 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 11.4 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 35.5 | 34.9 | 0.9 | -0.6 | 2.6 | -1.7 | 8.0 |
Business, building and other support services | 23.2 | 21.9 | 0.9 | -1.3 | 0.7 | -5.6 | 3.3 |
Educational services | 67.3 | 59.7 | 1.3 | -7.6 | 5.5 | -11.3 | 10.1 |
Health care and social assistance | 102.8 | 102.0 | 1.5 | -0.8 | -2.1 | -0.8 | -2.0 |
Information, culture and recreation | 23.3 | 22.0 | 1.1 | -1.3 | 0.4 | -5.6 | 1.9 |
Accommodation and food services | 41.6 | 41.0 | 1.3 | -0.6 | 0.1 | -1.4 | 0.2 |
Other services (except public administration) | 28.3 | 27.7 | 0.9 | -0.6 | 0.5 | -2.1 | 1.8 |
Public administration | 42.2 | 42.9 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 5.0 | 1.7 | 13.2 |
Saskatchewan | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 576.2 | 574.2 | 3.2 | -2.0 | 12.7 | -0.3 | 2.3 |
Goods-producing sector | 126.8 | 124.9 | 2.1 | -1.9 | -3.3 | -1.5 | -2.6 |
Agriculture | 25.9 | 25.7 | 1.1 | -0.2 | -2.7 | -0.8 | -9.5 |
Natural resources2 | 17.0 | 17.7 | 1.0 | 0.7 | -1.4 | 4.1 | -7.3 |
Utilities | 6.6 | 6.6 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 6.5 |
Construction | 44.5 | 43.8 | 1.3 | -0.7 | 1.8 | -1.6 | 4.3 |
Manufacturing | 32.8 | 31.0 | 1.1 | -1.8 | -1.5 | -5.5 | -4.6 |
Services-producing sector | 449.4 | 449.3 | 3.1 | -0.1 | 16.0 | -0.0 | 3.7 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 91.9 | 95.4 | 1.8 | 3.5 | -0.6 | 3.8 | -0.6 |
Transportation and warehousing | 25.1 | 24.2 | 0.9 | -0.9 | 1.0 | -3.6 | 4.3 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 30.4 | 29.9 | 0.8 | -0.5 | 1.9 | -1.6 | 6.8 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 31.4 | 31.1 | 0.9 | -0.3 | 3.9 | -1.0 | 14.3 |
Business, building and other support services | 11.6 | 11.4 | 1.1 | -0.2 | -3.7 | -1.7 | -24.5 |
Educational services | 49.2 | 45.9 | 1.2 | -3.3 | -0.9 | -6.7 | -1.9 |
Health care and social assistance | 90.8 | 92.8 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 6.1 | 2.2 | 7.0 |
Information, culture and recreation | 19.5 | 20.7 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 2.0 | 6.2 | 10.7 |
Accommodation and food services | 37.1 | 34.3 | 1.2 | -2.8 | 3.7 | -7.5 | 12.1 |
Other services (except public administration) | 26.7 | 27.7 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 3.7 | 6.9 |
Public administration | 35.8 | 36.0 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 2.6 |
Alberta | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 2,368.0 | 2,361.5 | 11.4 | -6.5 | 113.8 | -0.3 | 5.1 |
Goods-producing sector | 549.5 | 556.9 | 7.0 | 7.4 | 20.2 | 1.3 | 3.8 |
Agriculture | 36.5 | 44.5 | 2.4 | 8.0 | 10.5 | 21.9 | 30.9 |
Natural resources2 | 140.8 | 145.2 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 0.6 | 3.1 | 0.4 |
Utilities | 21.2 | 21.7 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 15.4 |
Construction | 231.8 | 221.2 | 5.0 | -10.6 | 3.7 | -4.6 | 1.7 |
Manufacturing | 119.2 | 124.4 | 3.5 | 5.2 | 2.7 | 4.4 | 2.2 |
Services-producing sector | 1,818.5 | 1,804.5 | 11.1 | -14.0 | 93.5 | -0.8 | 5.5 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 373.7 | 369.1 | 6.1 | -4.6 | 39.8 | -1.2 | 12.1 |
Transportation and warehousing | 136.1 | 132.8 | 3.9 | -3.3 | -4.9 | -2.4 | -3.6 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 119.8 | 121.4 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 1.3 | 1.9 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 207.2 | 212.7 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 23.1 | 2.7 | 12.2 |
Business, building and other support services | 71.5 | 72.6 | 3.3 | 1.1 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 5.8 |
Educational services | 161.9 | 155.9 | 4.0 | -6.0 | -17.6 | -3.7 | -10.1 |
Health care and social assistance | 313.5 | 308.2 | 4.9 | -5.3 | 15.6 | -1.7 | 5.3 |
Information, culture and recreation | 78.7 | 86.8 | 3.7 | 8.1 | 15.7 | 10.3 | 22.1 |
Accommodation and food services | 139.3 | 132.0 | 4.4 | -7.3 | 1.7 | -5.2 | 1.3 |
Other services (except public administration) | 103.9 | 103.2 | 3.3 | -0.7 | 6.5 | -0.7 | 6.7 |
Public administration | 112.8 | 109.8 | 3.0 | -3.0 | 7.3 | -2.7 | 7.1 |
British Columbia | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 2,747.5 | 2,719.4 | 12.1 | -28.1 | 59.9 | -1.0 | 2.3 |
Goods-producing sector | 500.5 | 498.1 | 6.9 | -2.4 | 15.2 | -0.5 | 3.1 |
Agriculture | 27.7 | 28.4 | 2.1 | 0.7 | 10.3 | 2.5 | 56.9 |
Natural resources2 | 48.9 | 45.7 | 2.8 | -3.2 | -3.3 | -6.5 | -6.7 |
Utilities | 16.2 | 15.7 | 0.9 | -0.5 | -2.1 | -3.1 | -11.8 |
Construction | 234.1 | 236.4 | 4.8 | 2.3 | 20.2 | 1.0 | 9.3 |
Manufacturing | 173.6 | 171.9 | 4.1 | -1.7 | -9.9 | -1.0 | -5.4 |
Services-producing sector | 2,247.0 | 2,221.3 | 11.9 | -25.7 | 44.7 | -1.1 | 2.1 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 427.6 | 412.6 | 6.2 | -15.0 | 10.5 | -3.5 | 2.6 |
Transportation and warehousing | 141.0 | 138.9 | 3.9 | -2.1 | -0.2 | -1.5 | -0.1 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 160.8 | 161.4 | 3.6 | 0.6 | -8.9 | 0.4 | -5.2 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 262.7 | 262.2 | 5.4 | -0.5 | 5.4 | -0.2 | 2.1 |
Business, building and other support services | 102.6 | 96.1 | 3.9 | -6.5 | -10.8 | -6.3 | -10.1 |
Educational services | 201.8 | 196.6 | 4.6 | -5.2 | 19.5 | -2.6 | 11.0 |
Health care and social assistance | 375.0 | 373.4 | 5.4 | -1.6 | 1.0 | -0.4 | 0.3 |
Information, culture and recreation | 152.9 | 152.1 | 4.9 | -0.8 | 25.6 | -0.5 | 20.2 |
Accommodation and food services | 176.2 | 175.7 | 4.7 | -0.5 | -7.9 | -0.3 | -4.3 |
Other services (except public administration) | 107.9 | 113.4 | 3.5 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 5.2 |
Public administration | 138.5 | 138.9 | 3.3 | 0.4 | 4.9 | 0.3 | 3.7 |
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Table 14-10-0355-02.
Table note 1
Average standard error of change between two consecutive months. See the "Data Quality" section of the Guide to the Labour Force Survey (Catalogue number71-543-G) for more information.
Table note 2
Also referred to as "Forestry, fishing, mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction."
- Date modified: