Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  January
2022
February
2022
Standard error1 January to February 2022 February 2021 to February 2022 January to February 2022 February 2021 to February 2022
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 182.8 183.0 ... 0.2 1.4 0.1 0.8
Labour force 117.4 118.6 1.0 1.2 4.4 1.0 3.9
Employment 108.9 110.0 1.1 1.1 6.6 1.0 6.4
Unemployment 8.5 8.6 0.6 0.1 -2.2 1.2 -20.4
Participation rate 64.2 64.8 0.6 0.6 1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 7.3 0.5 0.1 -2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 59.6 60.1 0.6 0.5 3.2 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 385.5 386.7 ... 1.2 9.9 0.3 2.6
Labour force 256.3 256.1 1.5 -0.2 -3.9 -0.1 -1.5
Employment 241.2 241.6 1.4 0.4 2.8 0.2 1.2
Unemployment 15.2 14.5 0.9 -0.7 -6.7 -4.6 -31.6
Participation rate 66.5 66.2 0.4 -0.3 -2.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 5.7 0.3 -0.2 -2.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.6 62.5 0.4 -0.1 -0.9 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 135.6 136.0 ... 0.4 3.0 0.3 2.3
Labour force 91.1 90.0 0.9 -1.1 0.7 -1.2 0.8
Employment 85.3 84.5 1.0 -0.8 3.4 -0.9 4.2
Unemployment 5.8 5.5 0.6 -0.3 -2.7 -5.2 -32.9
Participation rate 67.2 66.2 0.7 -1.0 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.1 0.6 -0.3 -3.1 ... ...
Employment rate 62.9 62.1 0.8 -0.8 1.1 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 111.3 111.5 ... 0.2 1.4 0.2 1.3
Labour force 69.2 69.4 0.9 0.2 -0.9 0.3 -1.3
Employment 63.9 64.4 0.9 0.5 2.5 0.8 4.0
Unemployment 5.3 5.1 0.5 -0.2 -3.3 -3.8 -39.3
Participation rate 62.2 62.2 0.8 0.0 -1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.7 7.3 0.7 -0.4 -4.6 ... ...
Employment rate 57.4 57.8 0.8 0.4 1.6 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 135.5 135.4 ... -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1
Labour force 81.4 82.1 1.1 0.7 1.9 0.9 2.4
Employment 78.3 78.5 1.1 0.2 3.1 0.3 4.1
Unemployment 3.2 3.6 0.4 0.4 -1.2 12.5 -25.0
Participation rate 60.1 60.6 0.8 0.5 1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 4.4 0.5 0.5 -1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 57.8 58.0 0.8 0.2 2.4 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 690.1 690.4 ... 0.3 3.8 0.0 0.6
Labour force 448.4 446.2 3.9 -2.2 -7.2 -0.5 -1.6
Employment 434.9 433.8 4.0 -1.1 3.4 -0.3 0.8
Unemployment 13.5 12.4 1.6 -1.1 -10.6 -8.1 -46.1
Participation rate 65.0 64.6 0.6 -0.4 -1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.0 2.8 0.3 -0.2 -2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 63.0 62.8 0.6 -0.2 0.1 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 189.3 189.5 ... 0.2 2.1 0.1 1.1
Labour force 112.7 112.5 1.2 -0.2 -4.2 -0.2 -3.6
Employment 109.5 109.4 1.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1
Unemployment 3.2 3.1 0.5 -0.1 -4.1 -3.1 -56.9
Participation rate 59.5 59.4 0.7 -0.1 -2.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 2.8 2.8 0.4 0.0 -3.4 ... ...
Employment rate 57.8 57.7 0.7 -0.1 -0.7 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 137.3 137.4 ... 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.4
Labour force 80.2 80.8 1.0 0.6 -0.1 0.7 -0.1
Employment 76.1 76.8 1.0 0.7 1.3 0.9 1.7
Unemployment 4.1 4.0 0.4 -0.1 -1.3 -2.4 -24.5
Participation rate 58.4 58.8 0.7 0.4 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.1 5.0 0.5 -0.1 -1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 55.4 55.9 0.7 0.5 0.8 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,653.7 3,655.9 ... 2.2 24.2 0.1 0.7
Labour force 2,445.4 2,441.0 9.9 -4.4 40.9 -0.2 1.7
Employment 2,319.1 2,314.0 10.3 -5.1 113.2 -0.2 5.1
Unemployment 126.3 127.0 6.2 0.7 -72.3 0.6 -36.3
Participation rate 66.9 66.8 0.3 -0.1 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.2 0.3 0.0 -3.1 ... ...
Employment rate 63.5 63.3 0.3 -0.2 2.7 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,223.3 1,225.7 ... 2.4 23.1 0.2 1.9
Labour force 796.2 807.5 5.4 11.3 0.0 1.4 0.0
Employment 758.6 767.5 5.7 8.9 15.2 1.2 2.0
Unemployment 37.7 39.9 2.7 2.2 -15.3 5.8 -27.7
Participation rate 65.1 65.9 0.4 0.8 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 4.9 0.3 0.2 -1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 62.6 0.5 0.6 0.0 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 288.2 288.5 ... 0.3 3.3 0.1 1.2
Labour force 188.5 191.1 1.6 2.6 5.7 1.4 3.1
Employment 179.1 182.3 1.6 3.2 11.1 1.8 6.5
Unemployment 9.4 8.8 0.7 -0.6 -5.4 -6.4 -38.0
Participation rate 65.4 66.2 0.6 0.8 1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 4.6 0.4 -0.4 -3.1 ... ...
Employment rate 62.1 63.2 0.6 1.1 3.2 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 935.1 937.2 ... 2.1 19.8 0.2 2.2
Labour force 607.8 616.3 5.1 8.5 -5.8 1.4 -0.9
Employment 579.4 585.2 5.4 5.8 4.1 1.0 0.7
Unemployment 28.3 31.1 2.6 2.8 -9.9 9.9 -24.1
Participation rate 65.0 65.8 0.6 0.8 -2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 5.0 0.4 0.3 -1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 62.4 0.6 0.4 -0.9 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 146.1 146.5 ... 0.4 3.3 0.3 2.3
Labour force 86.9 87.2 0.9 0.3 -3.7 0.3 -4.1
Employment 81.8 82.2 0.9 0.4 -2.0 0.5 -2.4
Unemployment 5.1 5.0 0.4 -0.1 -1.7 -2.0 -25.4
Participation rate 59.5 59.5 0.6 0.0 -4.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.9 5.7 0.5 -0.2 -1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 56.0 56.1 0.7 0.1 -2.7 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 101.3 98.7 ... -2.6 4.1 -2.6 4.3
Labour force 58.4 55.8 3.5 -2.6 -3.6 -4.5 -6.1
Employment 56.1 54.4 3.4 -1.7 -0.6 -3.0 -1.1
Unemployment 2.3 1.3 1.1 -1.0 -3.1 -43.5 -70.5
Participation rate 57.7 56.5 2.9 -1.2 -6.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 2.3 2.2 -1.6 -5.1 ... ...
Employment rate 55.4 55.1 3.0 -0.3 -3.0 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 113.8 114.0 ... 0.2 1.1 0.2 1.0
Labour force 66.6 68.0 1.7 1.4 2.7 2.1 4.1
Employment 60.9 64.0 1.8 3.1 6.8 5.1 11.9
Unemployment 5.8 4.0 0.8 -1.8 -4.1 -31.0 -50.6
Participation rate 58.5 59.6 1.5 1.1 1.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.7 5.9 1.2 -2.8 -6.5 ... ...
Employment rate 53.5 56.1 1.5 2.6 5.4 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 348.5 349.1 ... 0.6 5.8 0.2 1.7
Labour force 236.7 235.7 2.2 -1.0 12.3 -0.4 5.5
Employment 221.2 220.7 2.3 -0.5 15.8 -0.2 7.7
Unemployment 15.6 15.0 1.2 -0.6 -3.5 -3.8 -18.9
Participation rate 67.9 67.5 0.6 -0.4 2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.4 0.5 -0.2 -1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 63.5 63.2 0.7 -0.3 3.5 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 5,608.4 5,618.0 ... 9.6 77.1 0.2 1.4
Labour force 3,816.3 3,816.0 13.7 -0.3 136.0 -0.0 3.7
Employment 3,523.6 3,533.9 13.7 10.3 261.6 0.3 8.0
Unemployment 292.8 282.1 9.1 -10.7 -125.7 -3.7 -30.8
Participation rate 68.0 67.9 0.2 -0.1 1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.7 7.4 0.2 -0.3 -3.7 ... ...
Employment rate 62.8 62.9 0.2 0.1 3.8 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 670.2 670.8 ... 0.6 5.6 0.1 0.8
Labour force 439.6 437.9 4.1 -1.7 7.5 -0.4 1.7
Employment 415.6 415.1 4.2 -0.5 16.7 -0.1 4.2
Unemployment 24.1 22.9 2.1 -1.2 -9.1 -5.0 -28.4
Participation rate 65.6 65.3 0.6 -0.3 0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 5.2 0.5 -0.3 -2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 61.9 0.6 -0.1 2.0 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 374.6 375.0 ... 0.4 2.5 0.1 0.7
Labour force 228.0 233.6 2.7 5.6 23.8 2.5 11.3
Employment 210.2 218.8 2.8 8.6 34.7 4.1 18.8
Unemployment 17.8 14.8 1.4 -3.0 -10.8 -16.9 -42.2
Participation rate 60.9 62.3 0.7 1.4 6.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.8 6.3 0.6 -1.5 -5.9 ... ...
Employment rate 56.1 58.3 0.7 2.2 8.9 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 504.3 505.2 ... 0.9 7.8 0.2 1.6
Labour force 348.8 347.1 2.9 -1.7 6.5 -0.5 1.9
Employment 330.5 328.9 2.8 -1.6 15.2 -0.5 4.8
Unemployment 18.3 18.2 1.6 -0.1 -8.7 -0.5 -32.3
Participation rate 69.2 68.7 0.6 -0.5 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.2 0.4 0.0 -2.7 ... ...
Employment rate 65.5 65.1 0.6 -0.4 2.0 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 119.9 120.0 ... 0.1 1.3 0.1 1.1
Labour force 78.6 78.4 1.0 -0.2 -1.0 -0.3 -1.3
Employment 73.4 74.2 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.4
Unemployment 5.1 4.3 0.4 -0.8 -1.9 -15.7 -30.6
Participation rate 65.6 65.3 0.9 -0.3 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 5.5 0.5 -1.0 -2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 61.2 61.8 0.9 0.6 0.1 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 141.8 142.1 ... 0.3 2.4 0.2 1.7
Labour force 101.9 102.5 1.5 0.6 9.1 0.6 9.7
Employment 97.7 98.1 1.5 0.4 12.0 0.4 13.9
Unemployment 4.2 4.4 0.7 0.2 -2.9 4.8 -39.7
Participation rate 71.9 72.1 1.0 0.2 5.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.1 4.3 0.7 0.2 -3.5 ... ...
Employment rate 68.9 69.0 1.1 0.1 7.4 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 471.8 472.6 ... 0.8 7.1 0.2 1.5
Labour force 311.6 309.8 3.2 -1.8 17.0 -0.6 5.8
Employment 292.1 291.9 3.3 -0.2 20.5 -0.1 7.6
Unemployment 19.5 17.9 1.5 -1.6 -3.5 -8.2 -16.4
Participation rate 66.0 65.6 0.7 -0.4 2.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 5.8 0.5 -0.5 -1.5 ... ...
Employment rate 61.9 61.8 0.7 -0.1 3.5 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 306.8 307.2 ... 0.4 2.7 0.1 0.9
Labour force 199.5 198.1 2.8 -1.4 25.0 -0.7 14.4
Employment 183.1 181.7 2.8 -1.4 26.9 -0.8 17.4
Unemployment 16.4 16.5 1.3 0.1 -1.8 0.6 -9.8
Participation rate 65.0 64.5 0.9 -0.5 7.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.2 8.3 0.7 0.1 -2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 59.7 59.1 0.9 -0.6 8.3 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 182.7 182.9 ... 0.2 2.3 0.1 1.3
Labour force 122.6 122.6 1.9 0.0 -1.3 0.0 -1.0
Employment 114.5 113.2 2.0 -1.3 5.2 -1.1 4.8
Unemployment 8.1 9.4 1.1 1.3 -6.5 16.0 -40.9
Participation rate 67.1 67.0 1.1 -0.1 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 7.7 0.9 1.1 -5.1 ... ...
Employment rate 62.7 61.9 1.1 -0.8 2.1 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 145.8 145.9 ... 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.3
Labour force 90.4 89.8 1.1 -0.6 1.7 -0.7 1.9
Employment 85.6 85.9 1.1 0.3 5.6 0.4 7.0
Unemployment 4.8 3.9 0.5 -0.9 -3.8 -18.8 -49.4
Participation rate 62.0 61.5 0.8 -0.5 1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 4.3 0.6 -1.0 -4.4 ... ...
Employment rate 58.7 58.9 0.8 0.2 3.7 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 106.5 106.6 ... 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0
Labour force 68.0 68.3 0.7 0.3 3.5 0.4 5.4
Employment 63.6 64.3 0.7 0.7 4.9 1.1 8.2
Unemployment 4.5 4.0 0.3 -0.5 -1.5 -11.1 -27.3
Participation rate 63.8 64.1 0.6 0.3 3.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 5.9 0.5 -0.7 -2.6 ... ...
Employment rate 59.7 60.3 0.7 0.6 4.6 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 706.7 707.7 ... 1.0 6.1 0.1 0.9
Labour force 476.6 477.9 1.6 1.3 13.2 0.3 2.8
Employment 452.9 454.7 1.6 1.8 28.3 0.4 6.6
Unemployment 23.7 23.2 1.0 -0.5 -15.0 -2.1 -39.3
Participation rate 67.4 67.5 0.2 0.1 1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 4.9 0.2 -0.1 -3.3 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 64.3 0.2 0.2 3.5 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 217.0 217.4 ... 0.4 2.6 0.2 1.2
Labour force 147.8 149.9 1.2 2.1 4.3 1.4 3.0
Employment 139.9 141.8 1.2 1.9 8.5 1.4 6.4
Unemployment 7.9 8.1 0.6 0.2 -4.2 2.5 -34.1
Participation rate 68.1 69.0 0.5 0.9 1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.3 5.4 0.4 0.1 -3.0 ... ...
Employment rate 64.5 65.2 0.5 0.7 3.1 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 275.8 276.4 ... 0.6 4.9 0.2 1.8
Labour force 196.3 199.7 1.3 3.4 16.5 1.7 9.0
Employment 186.0 190.0 1.3 4.0 22.3 2.2 13.3
Unemployment 10.3 9.6 0.7 -0.7 -5.9 -6.8 -38.1
Participation rate 71.2 72.3 0.5 1.1 4.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 4.8 0.3 -0.4 -3.7 ... ...
Employment rate 67.4 68.7 0.5 1.3 6.9 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 106.1 106.3 ... 0.2 1.6 0.2 1.5
Labour force 67.6 68.1 1.1 0.5 1.0 0.7 1.5
Employment 62.5 63.0 1.1 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.1
Unemployment 5.1 5.1 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.0 6.3
Participation rate 63.7 64.1 1.0 0.4 0.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 7.5 0.7 0.0 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 58.9 59.3 1.0 0.4 -0.2 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,277.9 1,280.5 ... 2.6 21.4 0.2 1.7
Labour force 903.0 914.6 5.5 11.6 12.2 1.3 1.4
Employment 826.0 841.1 5.7 15.1 35.5 1.8 4.4
Unemployment 77.0 73.5 3.5 -3.5 -23.3 -4.5 -24.1
Participation rate 70.7 71.4 0.4 0.7 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.5 8.0 0.4 -0.5 -2.7 ... ...
Employment rate 64.6 65.7 0.4 1.1 1.7 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,213.6 1,216.1 ... 2.5 21.4 0.2 1.8
Labour force 853.7 845.2 5.0 -8.5 6.3 -1.0 0.8
Employment 797.0 786.9 5.3 -10.1 45.1 -1.3 6.1
Unemployment 56.7 58.2 3.1 1.5 -38.9 2.6 -40.1
Participation rate 70.3 69.5 0.4 -0.8 -0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.9 0.4 0.3 -4.7 ... ...
Employment rate 65.7 64.7 0.4 -1.0 2.6 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 186.5 186.9 ... 0.4 4.7 0.2 2.6
Labour force 113.2 112.2 1.8 -1.0 -4.5 -0.9 -3.9
Employment 105.0 104.2 1.8 -0.8 -6.1 -0.8 -5.5
Unemployment 8.2 8.0 0.8 -0.2 1.6 -2.4 25.0
Participation rate 60.7 60.0 1.0 -0.7 -4.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 7.1 0.7 -0.1 1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 56.3 55.8 1.0 -0.5 -4.7 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 172.8 173.0 ... 0.2 2.9 0.1 1.7
Labour force 110.4 111.4 1.2 1.0 -3.2 0.9 -2.8
Employment 104.3 106.7 1.2 2.4 0.6 2.3 0.6
Unemployment 6.0 4.7 0.6 -1.3 -3.8 -21.7 -44.7
Participation rate 63.9 64.4 0.7 0.5 -3.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 4.2 0.5 -1.2 -3.2 ... ...
Employment rate 60.4 61.7 0.7 1.3 -0.7 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,372.6 2,376.0 ... 3.4 35.4 0.1 1.5
Labour force 1,609.6 1,610.3 7.1 0.7 28.9 0.0 1.8
Employment 1,517.9 1,522.6 7.2 4.7 66.2 0.3 4.5
Unemployment 91.7 87.6 4.7 -4.1 -37.4 -4.5 -29.9
Participation rate 67.8 67.8 0.3 0.0 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.4 0.3 -0.3 -2.5 ... ...
Employment rate 64.0 64.1 0.3 0.1 1.9 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 351.3 351.9 ... 0.6 8.1 0.2 2.4
Labour force 223.6 226.2 2.3 2.6 8.2 1.2 3.8
Employment 214.8 216.6 2.4 1.8 9.8 0.8 4.7
Unemployment 8.8 9.6 0.9 0.8 -1.7 9.1 -15.0
Participation rate 63.6 64.3 0.7 0.7 0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 4.2 0.4 0.3 -1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 61.1 61.6 0.7 0.5 1.4 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: