Table 6
Employment by province and industry, seasonally adjusted
January 2022 |
February 2022 |
Standard error1 | January to February 2022 | February 2021 to February 2022 | January to February 2022 | February 2021 to February 2022 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
thousands | thousands | thousands | change in thousands | change in thousands | % change | % change | |
Newfoundland and Labrador | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 219.2 | 228.7 | 2.4 | 9.5 | 21.7 | 4.3 | 10.5 |
Goods-producing sector | 43.8 | 45.9 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 6.3 | 4.8 | 15.9 |
Agriculture | 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 7.1 | 15.4 |
Natural resources2 | 13.8 | 14.1 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 15.6 |
Utilities | 1.1 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 | -1.2 | 27.3 | -46.2 |
Construction | 16.8 | 18.4 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 3.1 | 9.5 | 20.3 |
Manufacturing | 10.6 | 10.5 | 0.9 | -0.1 | 2.3 | -0.9 | 28.0 |
Services-producing sector | 175.4 | 182.8 | 2.1 | 7.4 | 15.4 | 4.2 | 9.2 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 37.2 | 38.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 5.4 | 3.2 | 16.4 |
Transportation and warehousing | 9.2 | 9.4 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 2.2 | 9.3 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 5.7 | 5.4 | 0.5 | -0.3 | -1.8 | -5.3 | -25.0 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 11.5 | 11.6 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 14.9 |
Business, building and other support services | 7.0 | 7.1 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 1.4 | 2.9 |
Educational services | 16.5 | 19.1 | 0.8 | 2.6 | 3.8 | 15.8 | 24.8 |
Health care and social assistance | 42.5 | 43.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | -0.4 | 2.4 | -0.9 |
Information, culture and recreation | 5.8 | 7.4 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 2.5 | 27.6 | 51.0 |
Accommodation and food services | 12.4 | 12.4 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 11.7 |
Other services (except public administration) | 7.7 | 8.8 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 14.3 | 15.8 |
Public administration | 19.8 | 19.7 | 0.7 | -0.1 | 1.0 | -0.5 | 5.3 |
Prince Edward Island | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 80.6 | 83.9 | 0.8 | 3.3 | 6.0 | 4.1 | 7.7 |
Goods-producing sector | 20.7 | 20.4 | 0.6 | -0.3 | 0.6 | -1.4 | 3.0 |
Agriculture | 3.8 | 3.5 | 0.3 | -0.3 | -0.3 | -7.9 | -7.9 |
Natural resources2 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 0.3 | -0.1 | -0.5 | -5.0 | -20.8 |
Utilities | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 50.0 |
Construction | 7.1 | 7.1 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 10.9 |
Manufacturing | 7.4 | 7.6 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 2.7 | 7.0 |
Services-producing sector | 59.9 | 63.5 | 0.7 | 3.6 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 9.3 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 10.9 | 12.0 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 10.1 | 13.2 |
Transportation and warehousing | 2.2 | 2.1 | 0.2 | -0.1 | -0.5 | -4.5 | -19.2 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 2.5 | 2.3 | 0.2 | -0.2 | -0.7 | -8.0 | -23.3 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 4.5 | 5.2 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 15.6 | 30.0 |
Business, building and other support services | 1.9 | 1.8 | 0.3 | -0.1 | 0.0 | -5.3 | 0.0 |
Educational services | 5.7 | 6.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | -0.1 | 10.5 | -1.6 |
Health care and social assistance | 12.2 | 12.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 8.7 |
Information, culture and recreation | 2.5 | 2.5 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 19.0 |
Accommodation and food services | 4.5 | 5.6 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 24.4 | 21.7 |
Other services (except public administration) | 3.5 | 3.6 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 2.9 | 33.3 |
Public administration | 9.5 | 9.7 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 2.1 | 9.0 |
Nova Scotia | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 472.6 | 476.3 | 3.0 | 3.7 | 11.7 | 0.8 | 2.5 |
Goods-producing sector | 92.5 | 93.0 | 1.9 | 0.5 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 1.8 |
Agriculture | 7.1 | 6.6 | 0.7 | -0.5 | -1.5 | -7.0 | -18.5 |
Natural resources2 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 1.0 | -0.4 | -1.0 | -4.1 | -9.7 |
Utilities | 4.7 | 4.7 | 0.4 | 0.0 | -0.3 | 0.0 | -6.0 |
Construction | 35.1 | 39.4 | 1.2 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 12.3 | 12.6 |
Manufacturing | 36.1 | 32.9 | 1.0 | -3.2 | -0.1 | -8.9 | -0.3 |
Services-producing sector | 380.0 | 383.3 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 10.1 | 0.9 | 2.7 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 74.2 | 73.3 | 1.6 | -0.9 | 0.2 | -1.2 | 0.3 |
Transportation and warehousing | 24.6 | 24.1 | 1.0 | -0.5 | 2.0 | -2.0 | 9.0 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 25.0 | 25.0 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.4 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 37.4 | 38.4 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 5.7 | 2.7 | 17.4 |
Business, building and other support services | 19.0 | 19.6 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 14.0 |
Educational services | 36.7 | 38.0 | 1.2 | 1.3 | -1.3 | 3.5 | -3.3 |
Health care and social assistance | 75.3 | 77.0 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 4.7 | 2.3 | 6.5 |
Information, culture and recreation | 14.8 | 14.4 | 1.0 | -0.4 | -0.7 | -2.7 | -4.6 |
Accommodation and food services | 26.5 | 27.4 | 1.3 | 0.9 | -2.2 | 3.4 | -7.4 |
Other services (except public administration) | 15.6 | 15.3 | 0.8 | -0.3 | -1.0 | -1.9 | -6.1 |
Public administration | 30.8 | 30.7 | 0.9 | -0.1 | 0.1 | -0.3 | 0.3 |
New Brunswick | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 359.7 | 360.9 | 2.6 | 1.2 | 3.3 | 0.3 | 0.9 |
Goods-producing sector | 77.3 | 75.8 | 1.5 | -1.5 | 7.8 | -1.9 | 11.5 |
Agriculture | 7.1 | 7.4 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 2.9 | 4.2 | 64.4 |
Natural resources2 | 8.9 | 7.3 | 0.8 | -1.6 | -1.9 | -18.0 | -20.7 |
Utilities | 4.7 | 4.7 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 38.2 |
Construction | 27.3 | 27.6 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 5.5 | 1.1 | 24.9 |
Manufacturing | 29.3 | 28.8 | 0.9 | -0.5 | -0.1 | -1.7 | -0.3 |
Services-producing sector | 282.4 | 285.1 | 2.3 | 2.7 | -4.5 | 1.0 | -1.6 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 54.8 | 53.5 | 1.2 | -1.3 | -3.4 | -2.4 | -6.0 |
Transportation and warehousing | 18.3 | 18.5 | 0.7 | 0.2 | -0.3 | 1.1 | -1.6 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 16.8 | 16.9 | 0.5 | 0.1 | -0.5 | 0.6 | -2.9 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 20.3 | 20.8 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 16.9 |
Business, building and other support services | 16.1 | 15.7 | 0.8 | -0.4 | 0.0 | -2.5 | 0.0 |
Educational services | 30.6 | 31.2 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 9.9 |
Health care and social assistance | 55.8 | 56.8 | 1.1 | 1.0 | -3.6 | 1.8 | -6.0 |
Information, culture and recreation | 8.0 | 9.3 | 0.7 | 1.3 | -0.8 | 16.3 | -7.9 |
Accommodation and food services | 19.1 | 18.6 | 1.0 | -0.5 | -1.8 | -2.6 | -8.8 |
Other services (except public administration) | 12.0 | 12.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | -2.3 | 5.8 | -15.3 |
Public administration | 30.6 | 31.1 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 8.0 |
Quebec | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 4,297.4 | 4,378.9 | 18.4 | 81.5 | 157.3 | 1.9 | 3.7 |
Goods-producing sector | 912.5 | 927.3 | 10.2 | 14.8 | 15.9 | 1.6 | 1.7 |
Agriculture | 53.3 | 52.2 | 2.6 | -1.1 | -9.9 | -2.1 | -15.9 |
Natural resources2 | 38.0 | 45.1 | 2.0 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 18.7 | 20.3 |
Utilities | 28.9 | 32.0 | 1.7 | 3.1 | 5.1 | 10.7 | 19.0 |
Construction | 295.4 | 300.9 | 6.7 | 5.5 | 8.2 | 1.9 | 2.8 |
Manufacturing | 496.9 | 497.0 | 7.4 | 0.1 | 4.9 | 0.0 | 1.0 |
Services-producing sector | 3,384.9 | 3,451.7 | 18.1 | 66.8 | 141.4 | 2.0 | 4.3 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 629.6 | 650.2 | 10.1 | 20.6 | -0.5 | 3.3 | -0.1 |
Transportation and warehousing | 228.2 | 231.1 | 5.4 | 2.9 | -2.3 | 1.3 | -1.0 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 279.6 | 279.1 | 5.0 | -0.5 | 18.3 | -0.2 | 7.0 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 372.5 | 383.1 | 6.6 | 10.6 | 26.5 | 2.8 | 7.4 |
Business, building and other support services | 157.3 | 153.2 | 5.9 | -4.1 | -8.0 | -2.6 | -5.0 |
Educational services | 360.2 | 349.5 | 7.0 | -10.7 | -1.9 | -3.0 | -0.5 |
Health care and social assistance | 610.2 | 611.6 | 7.6 | 1.4 | 25.6 | 0.2 | 4.4 |
Information, culture and recreation | 160.6 | 182.1 | 6.0 | 21.5 | 53.1 | 13.4 | 41.2 |
Accommodation and food services | 156.9 | 183.6 | 6.5 | 26.7 | 6.0 | 17.0 | 3.4 |
Other services (except public administration) | 163.1 | 166.7 | 5.2 | 3.6 | 8.2 | 2.2 | 5.2 |
Public administration | 266.8 | 261.6 | 4.5 | -5.2 | 16.4 | -1.9 | 6.7 |
Ontario | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 7,493.5 | 7,687.8 | 26.7 | 194.3 | 490.3 | 2.6 | 6.8 |
Goods-producing sector | 1,487.5 | 1,509.7 | 13.8 | 22.2 | 40.6 | 1.5 | 2.8 |
Agriculture | 61.7 | 62.4 | 3.0 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 3.7 |
Natural resources2 | 39.5 | 38.9 | 1.8 | -0.6 | 3.4 | -1.5 | 9.6 |
Utilities | 59.5 | 58.5 | 2.0 | -1.0 | 7.1 | -1.7 | 13.8 |
Construction | 563.6 | 584.3 | 9.0 | 20.7 | 53.4 | 3.7 | 10.1 |
Manufacturing | 763.3 | 765.6 | 10.3 | 2.3 | -25.5 | 0.3 | -3.2 |
Services-producing sector | 6,005.9 | 6,178.1 | 25.8 | 172.2 | 449.7 | 2.9 | 7.9 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 1,136.9 | 1,150.7 | 14.2 | 13.8 | 132.1 | 1.2 | 13.0 |
Transportation and warehousing | 388.0 | 393.9 | 8.3 | 5.9 | 31.7 | 1.5 | 8.8 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 641.2 | 658.4 | 8.6 | 17.2 | 26.5 | 2.7 | 4.2 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 776.6 | 791.4 | 10.3 | 14.8 | 78.9 | 1.9 | 11.1 |
Business, building and other support services | 288.0 | 302.0 | 8.7 | 14.0 | 25.3 | 4.9 | 9.1 |
Educational services | 557.8 | 553.7 | 9.5 | -4.1 | 12.0 | -0.7 | 2.2 |
Health care and social assistance | 931.3 | 941.2 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 38.3 | 1.1 | 4.2 |
Information, culture and recreation | 290.8 | 329.8 | 9.3 | 39.0 | 47.7 | 13.4 | 16.9 |
Accommodation and food services | 316.9 | 392.5 | 10.2 | 75.6 | 68.9 | 23.9 | 21.3 |
Other services (except public administration) | 257.9 | 250.3 | 8.1 | -7.6 | -37.2 | -2.9 | -12.9 |
Public administration | 420.5 | 414.3 | 5.8 | -6.2 | 25.6 | -1.5 | 6.6 |
Manitoba | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 665.5 | 671.9 | 3.1 | 6.4 | 24.7 | 1.0 | 3.8 |
Goods-producing sector | 139.4 | 142.2 | 1.9 | 2.8 | -5.7 | 2.0 | -3.9 |
Agriculture | 20.7 | 21.4 | 1.0 | 0.7 | -3.8 | 3.4 | -15.1 |
Natural resources2 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 | -0.2 | 9.1 | -5.3 |
Utilities | 4.9 | 4.7 | 0.2 | -0.2 | 0.0 | -4.1 | 0.0 |
Construction | 48.3 | 49.2 | 1.2 | 0.9 | -0.8 | 1.9 | -1.6 |
Manufacturing | 62.2 | 63.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | -0.7 | 1.9 | -1.1 |
Services-producing sector | 526.1 | 529.7 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 30.3 | 0.7 | 6.1 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 99.5 | 98.6 | 1.6 | -0.9 | 3.4 | -0.9 | 3.6 |
Transportation and warehousing | 42.9 | 41.8 | 1.0 | -1.1 | 0.3 | -2.6 | 0.7 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 38.8 | 39.8 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 5.6 | 2.6 | 16.4 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 32.7 | 32.2 | 0.8 | -0.5 | 0.3 | -1.5 | 0.9 |
Business, building and other support services | 22.6 | 22.8 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 5.1 |
Educational services | 55.9 | 60.2 | 1.3 | 4.3 | 2.5 | 7.7 | 4.3 |
Health care and social assistance | 103.7 | 104.7 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 2.3 | 1.0 | 2.2 |
Information, culture and recreation | 25.5 | 26.4 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 7.3 | 3.5 | 38.2 |
Accommodation and food services | 36.3 | 37.7 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 8.3 | 3.9 | 28.2 |
Other services (except public administration) | 27.8 | 25.9 | 0.9 | -1.9 | -3.5 | -6.8 | -11.9 |
Public administration | 40.3 | 39.6 | 0.9 | -0.7 | 2.8 | -1.7 | 7.6 |
Saskatchewan | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 574.6 | 582.0 | 3.1 | 7.4 | 30.0 | 1.3 | 5.4 |
Goods-producing sector | 131.1 | 129.2 | 2.0 | -1.9 | -4.8 | -1.4 | -3.6 |
Agriculture | 25.3 | 25.8 | 1.1 | 0.5 | -6.7 | 2.0 | -20.6 |
Natural resources2 | 19.6 | 18.5 | 0.8 | -1.1 | -2.9 | -5.6 | -13.6 |
Utilities | 6.1 | 6.0 | 0.4 | -0.1 | 0.2 | -1.6 | 3.4 |
Construction | 47.7 | 48.3 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 5.3 | 1.3 | 12.3 |
Manufacturing | 32.3 | 30.7 | 1.0 | -1.6 | -0.5 | -5.0 | -1.6 |
Services-producing sector | 443.5 | 452.8 | 3.0 | 9.3 | 34.8 | 2.1 | 8.3 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 96.1 | 101.1 | 1.7 | 5.0 | 12.2 | 5.2 | 13.7 |
Transportation and warehousing | 26.0 | 25.6 | 0.9 | -0.4 | 2.6 | -1.5 | 11.3 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 31.7 | 31.6 | 0.8 | -0.1 | 5.2 | -0.3 | 19.7 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 28.2 | 27.8 | 0.8 | -0.4 | 0.1 | -1.4 | 0.4 |
Business, building and other support services | 18.1 | 16.5 | 0.9 | -1.6 | 0.4 | -8.8 | 2.5 |
Educational services | 48.3 | 49.5 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 5.5 | 2.5 | 12.5 |
Health care and social assistance | 86.1 | 88.0 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 4.4 | 2.2 | 5.3 |
Information, culture and recreation | 17.5 | 19.2 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 5.4 | 9.7 | 39.1 |
Accommodation and food services | 31.8 | 32.0 | 1.2 | 0.2 | 2.0 | 0.6 | 6.7 |
Other services (except public administration) | 25.7 | 26.8 | 1.0 | 1.1 | -1.7 | 4.3 | -6.0 |
Public administration | 34.0 | 34.7 | 0.9 | 0.7 | -1.2 | 2.1 | -3.3 |
Alberta | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 2,306.8 | 2,315.0 | 12.3 | 8.2 | 111.8 | 0.4 | 5.1 |
Goods-producing sector | 556.5 | 555.4 | 7.1 | -1.1 | 11.5 | -0.2 | 2.1 |
Agriculture | 33.5 | 34.9 | 2.3 | 1.4 | -3.5 | 4.2 | -9.1 |
Natural resources2 | 146.0 | 147.1 | 3.9 | 1.1 | 10.3 | 0.8 | 7.5 |
Utilities | 19.8 | 18.3 | 1.2 | -1.5 | -5.4 | -7.6 | -22.8 |
Construction | 227.9 | 228.5 | 5.0 | 0.6 | 5.0 | 0.3 | 2.2 |
Manufacturing | 129.4 | 126.6 | 3.6 | -2.8 | 5.0 | -2.2 | 4.1 |
Services-producing sector | 1,750.4 | 1,759.6 | 11.6 | 9.2 | 100.3 | 0.5 | 6.0 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 354.0 | 357.7 | 6.1 | 3.7 | 22.5 | 1.0 | 6.7 |
Transportation and warehousing | 138.7 | 126.7 | 3.8 | -12.0 | -1.8 | -8.7 | -1.4 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 118.2 | 113.2 | 3.4 | -5.0 | 3.8 | -4.2 | 3.5 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 191.1 | 200.6 | 4.5 | 9.5 | 23.8 | 5.0 | 13.5 |
Business, building and other support services | 70.1 | 72.9 | 3.6 | 2.8 | -3.9 | 4.0 | -5.1 |
Educational services | 158.2 | 163.1 | 4.2 | 4.9 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 1.7 |
Health care and social assistance | 319.4 | 316.4 | 4.6 | -3.0 | 7.4 | -0.9 | 2.4 |
Information, culture and recreation | 75.5 | 80.3 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 20.9 | 6.4 | 35.2 |
Accommodation and food services | 125.3 | 129.5 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 23.9 | 3.4 | 22.6 |
Other services (except public administration) | 92.7 | 95.7 | 3.6 | 3.0 | -3.2 | 3.2 | -3.2 |
Public administration | 107.1 | 103.6 | 2.6 | -3.5 | 4.3 | -3.3 | 4.3 |
British Columbia | |||||||
Total employed, all industries | 2,706.3 | 2,727.3 | 13.3 | 21.0 | 97.9 | 0.8 | 3.7 |
Goods-producing sector | 486.9 | 493.4 | 7.8 | 6.5 | 10.8 | 1.3 | 2.2 |
Agriculture | 24.2 | 25.2 | 2.2 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 4.1 | 0.0 |
Natural resources2 | 45.5 | 44.1 | 2.8 | -1.4 | -6.7 | -3.1 | -13.2 |
Utilities | 15.5 | 14.3 | 1.0 | -1.2 | -5.6 | -7.7 | -28.1 |
Construction | 213.6 | 216.2 | 5.2 | 2.6 | -1.3 | 1.2 | -0.6 |
Manufacturing | 188.1 | 193.5 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 24.2 | 2.9 | 14.3 |
Services-producing sector | 2,219.4 | 2,234.0 | 13.3 | 14.6 | 87.1 | 0.7 | 4.1 |
Wholesale and retail trade | 434.1 | 429.9 | 7.0 | -4.2 | 33.0 | -1.0 | 8.3 |
Transportation and warehousing | 144.2 | 147.6 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 9.8 | 2.4 | 7.1 |
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental and leasing | 163.9 | 164.9 | 3.9 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.8 |
Professional, scientific and technical services | 243.0 | 253.9 | 6.0 | 10.9 | -3.5 | 4.5 | -1.4 |
Business, building and other support services | 95.6 | 87.8 | 4.7 | -7.8 | -15.8 | -8.2 | -15.3 |
Educational services | 197.7 | 206.5 | 4.7 | 8.8 | 14.0 | 4.5 | 7.3 |
Health care and social assistance | 386.8 | 388.2 | 6.1 | 1.4 | 46.2 | 0.4 | 13.5 |
Information, culture and recreation | 133.9 | 136.3 | 5.5 | 2.4 | 11.7 | 1.8 | 9.4 |
Accommodation and food services | 172.1 | 176.3 | 5.6 | 4.2 | -0.6 | 2.4 | -0.3 |
Other services (except public administration) | 105.2 | 103.2 | 3.9 | -2.0 | -11.9 | -1.9 | -10.3 |
Public administration | 142.7 | 139.4 | 3.4 | -3.3 | 3.1 | -2.3 | 2.3 |
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Table 14-10-0355-02.
Table note 1
Average standard error of change between two consecutive months. See the "Data Quality" section of the Guide to the Labour Force Survey (Catalogue number71-543-G) for more information.
Table note 2
Also referred to as "Forestry, fishing, mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction."
- Date modified: