Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  October
2021
November
2021
Standard error1 October to November 2021 November 2020 to November 2021 October to November 2021 November 2020 to November 2021
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 182.2 182.3 ... 0.1 1.0 0.1 0.6
Labour force 118.0 121.1 1.1 3.1 3.1 2.6 2.6
Employment 110.4 112.7 1.1 2.3 5.2 2.1 4.8
Unemployment 7.5 8.4 0.7 0.9 -2.1 12.0 -20.0
Participation rate 64.8 66.4 0.6 1.6 1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.9 0.6 0.5 -2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 60.6 61.8 0.6 1.2 2.5 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 382.4 383.4 ... 1.0 8.0 0.3 2.1
Labour force 257.5 257.9 1.6 0.4 4.9 0.2 1.9
Employment 240.7 241.5 1.6 0.8 5.6 0.3 2.4
Unemployment 16.8 16.4 1.0 -0.4 -0.6 -2.4 -3.5
Participation rate 67.3 67.3 0.4 0.0 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 6.4 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 62.9 63.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 134.6 134.9 ... 0.3 2.3 0.2 1.7
Labour force 95.7 94.9 0.9 -0.8 4.7 -0.8 5.2
Employment 89.2 88.3 1.0 -0.9 6.3 -1.0 7.7
Unemployment 6.6 6.6 0.6 0.0 -1.6 0.0 -19.5
Participation rate 71.1 70.3 0.7 -0.8 2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.9 7.0 0.7 0.1 -2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 66.3 65.5 0.8 -0.8 3.7 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 110.8 110.9 ... 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.8
Labour force 67.6 68.0 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
Employment 62.0 62.2 0.9 0.2 1.9 0.3 3.2
Unemployment 5.6 5.8 0.5 0.2 -1.4 3.6 -19.4
Participation rate 61.0 61.3 0.8 0.3 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.3 8.5 0.8 0.2 -2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 56.0 56.1 0.8 0.1 1.3 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 135.5 135.5 ... 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1
Labour force 77.2 79.4 1.0 2.2 -2.4 2.8 -2.9
Employment 73.4 76.1 1.0 2.7 -1.6 3.7 -2.1
Unemployment 3.9 3.3 0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -15.4 -19.5
Participation rate 57.0 58.6 0.8 1.6 -1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.1 4.2 0.5 -0.9 -0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 54.2 56.2 0.8 2.0 -1.1 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 689.1 689.4 ... 0.3 3.6 0.0 0.5
Labour force 462.4 456.1 3.6 -6.3 0.5 -1.4 0.1
Employment 444.8 443.2 3.8 -1.6 8.3 -0.4 1.9
Unemployment 17.6 12.9 1.8 -4.7 -7.8 -26.7 -37.7
Participation rate 67.1 66.2 0.5 -0.9 -0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.8 2.8 0.4 -1.0 -1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 64.5 64.3 0.5 -0.2 0.9 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 188.8 189.0 ... 0.2 2.2 0.1 1.2
Labour force 118.7 116.1 1.3 -2.6 0.2 -2.2 0.2
Employment 113.7 112.1 1.3 -1.6 3.6 -1.4 3.3
Unemployment 5.0 3.9 0.6 -1.1 -3.4 -22.0 -46.6
Participation rate 62.9 61.4 0.7 -1.5 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.2 3.4 0.5 -0.8 -2.9 ... ...
Employment rate 60.2 59.3 0.7 -0.9 1.2 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 137.2 137.2 ... 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.3
Labour force 81.4 80.3 1.0 -1.1 -5.0 -1.4 -5.9
Employment 77.5 76.6 1.0 -0.9 -3.9 -1.2 -4.8
Unemployment 3.9 3.7 0.4 -0.2 -1.1 -5.1 -22.9
Participation rate 59.3 58.5 0.7 -0.8 -3.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.8 4.6 0.5 -0.2 -1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 56.5 55.8 0.7 -0.7 -3.0 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,646.7 3,648.9 ... 2.2 26.0 0.1 0.7
Labour force 2,425.8 2,438.6 9.9 12.8 5.4 0.5 0.2
Employment 2,270.0 2,296.9 10.5 26.9 71.8 1.2 3.2
Unemployment 155.8 141.7 7.0 -14.1 -66.5 -9.1 -31.9
Participation rate 66.5 66.8 0.3 0.3 -0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 5.8 0.3 -0.6 -2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 62.2 62.9 0.3 0.7 1.5 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,216.7 1,218.8 ... 2.1 20.6 0.2 1.7
Labour force 798.2 788.2 5.3 -10.0 6.3 -1.3 0.8
Employment 757.7 753.6 5.7 -4.1 28.0 -0.5 3.9
Unemployment 40.5 34.6 3.0 -5.9 -21.6 -14.6 -38.4
Participation rate 65.6 64.7 0.4 -0.9 -0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.1 4.4 0.4 -0.7 -2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 62.3 61.8 0.5 -0.5 1.2 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 287.3 287.6 ... 0.3 3.1 0.1 1.1
Labour force 185.7 184.7 1.6 -1.0 1.5 -0.5 0.8
Employment 178.5 177.8 1.6 -0.7 8.1 -0.4 4.8
Unemployment 7.2 6.9 0.8 -0.3 -6.6 -4.2 -48.9
Participation rate 64.6 64.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 3.9 3.7 0.4 -0.2 -3.7 ... ...
Employment rate 62.1 61.8 0.6 -0.3 2.2 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 929.4 931.1 ... 1.7 17.3 0.2 1.9
Labour force 612.5 603.5 5.1 -9.0 4.8 -1.5 0.8
Employment 579.2 575.8 5.4 -3.4 19.9 -0.6 3.6
Unemployment 33.3 27.7 2.9 -5.6 -15.1 -16.8 -35.3
Participation rate 65.9 64.8 0.6 -1.1 -0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 4.6 0.5 -0.8 -2.5 ... ...
Employment rate 62.3 61.8 0.6 -0.5 1.0 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 145.2 145.5 ... 0.3 2.8 0.2 2.0
Labour force 87.5 87.8 0.9 0.3 -1.3 0.3 -1.5
Employment 81.6 82.1 0.9 0.5 -0.6 0.6 -0.7
Unemployment 5.9 5.7 0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -3.4 -10.9
Participation rate 60.3 60.3 0.6 0.0 -2.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 6.5 0.5 -0.2 -0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 56.2 56.4 0.6 0.2 -1.6 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 94.3 95.8 ... 1.5 -11.9 1.6 -11.0
Labour force 51.5 53.0 3.3 1.5 -1.5 2.9 -2.8
Employment 48.0 48.7 3.3 0.7 -2.9 1.5 -5.6
Unemployment 3.5 4.2 1.6 0.7 1.3 20.0 44.8
Participation rate 54.6 55.3 2.6 0.7 4.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.8 7.9 2.8 1.1 2.6 ... ...
Employment rate 50.9 50.8 2.8 -0.1 2.9 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 113.5 113.6 ... 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.8
Labour force 69.8 71.2 1.6 1.4 10.5 2.0 17.3
Employment 64.8 65.1 1.7 0.3 11.5 0.5 21.5
Unemployment 5.0 6.0 1.0 1.0 -1.1 20.0 -15.5
Participation rate 61.5 62.7 1.5 1.2 8.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 8.4 1.5 1.2 -3.3 ... ...
Employment rate 57.1 57.3 1.5 0.2 9.7 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 346.8 347.3 ... 0.5 4.9 0.1 1.4
Labour force 234.8 239.7 2.2 4.9 5.1 2.1 2.2
Employment 217.3 224.9 2.3 7.6 9.1 3.5 4.2
Unemployment 17.5 14.8 1.2 -2.7 -4.0 -15.4 -21.3
Participation rate 67.7 69.0 0.6 1.3 0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 6.2 0.5 -1.3 -1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 62.7 64.8 0.7 2.1 1.8 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 5,583.9 5,591.1 ... 7.2 65.0 0.1 1.2
Labour force 3,818.9 3,827.5 14.0 8.6 72.8 0.2 1.9
Employment 3,499.8 3,532.7 14.0 32.9 181.2 0.9 5.4
Unemployment 319.1 294.8 10.1 -24.3 -108.4 -7.6 -26.9
Participation rate 68.4 68.5 0.3 0.1 0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.4 7.7 0.3 -0.7 -3.0 ... ...
Employment rate 62.7 63.2 0.3 0.5 2.6 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 668.2 668.8 ... 0.6 4.3 0.1 0.6
Labour force 439.3 434.5 4.2 -4.8 20.7 -1.1 5.0
Employment 412.6 409.7 4.3 -2.9 29.3 -0.7 7.7
Unemployment 26.7 24.9 2.5 -1.8 -8.5 -6.7 -25.4
Participation rate 65.7 65.0 0.6 -0.7 2.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.1 5.7 0.6 -0.4 -2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.7 61.3 0.6 -0.4 4.1 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 373.6 373.9 ... 0.3 1.7 0.1 0.5
Labour force 228.8 227.0 2.5 -1.8 10.7 -0.8 4.9
Employment 212.0 209.9 2.5 -2.1 9.5 -1.0 4.7
Unemployment 16.8 17.1 1.5 0.3 1.2 1.8 7.5
Participation rate 61.2 60.7 0.7 -0.5 2.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.3 7.5 0.7 0.2 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 56.7 56.1 0.7 -0.6 2.3 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 501.8 502.5 ... 0.7 6.6 0.1 1.3
Labour force 348.1 349.8 2.7 1.7 9.3 0.5 2.7
Employment 324.8 329.8 2.7 5.0 19.8 1.5 6.4
Unemployment 23.3 20.0 1.8 -3.3 -10.4 -14.2 -34.2
Participation rate 69.4 69.6 0.5 0.2 0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 5.7 0.5 -1.0 -3.2 ... ...
Employment rate 64.7 65.6 0.5 0.9 3.1 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 119.4 119.6 ... 0.2 1.1 0.2 0.9
Labour force 79.4 79.9 0.9 0.5 -0.8 0.6 -1.0
Employment 73.7 73.8 1.0 0.1 -1.1 0.1 -1.5
Unemployment 5.7 6.1 0.5 0.4 0.3 7.0 5.2
Participation rate 66.5 66.8 0.8 0.3 -1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 7.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.7 61.7 0.8 0.0 -1.5 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 141.1 141.4 ... 0.3 2.0 0.2 1.4
Labour force 99.4 99.2 1.4 -0.2 6.2 -0.2 6.7
Employment 94.3 94.7 1.5 0.4 8.2 0.4 9.5
Unemployment 5.1 4.5 0.7 -0.6 -1.9 -11.8 -29.7
Participation rate 70.4 70.2 1.0 -0.2 3.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.1 4.5 0.8 -0.6 -2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 66.8 67.0 1.1 0.2 4.9 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 469.6 470.2 ... 0.6 6.0 0.1 1.3
Labour force 306.4 308.0 3.3 1.6 22.2 0.5 7.8
Employment 285.8 288.4 3.4 2.6 26.8 0.9 10.2
Unemployment 20.6 19.6 1.6 -1.0 -4.7 -4.9 -19.3
Participation rate 65.2 65.5 0.7 0.3 3.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 6.4 0.5 -0.3 -2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 60.9 61.3 0.7 0.4 4.9 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 305.8 306.1 ... 0.3 2.1 0.1 0.7
Labour force 185.9 191.5 2.8 5.6 17.8 3.0 10.2
Employment 168.8 175.9 2.8 7.1 20.7 4.2 13.3
Unemployment 17.1 15.6 1.3 -1.5 -2.9 -8.8 -15.7
Participation rate 60.8 62.6 0.9 1.8 5.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.2 8.1 0.7 -1.1 -2.6 ... ...
Employment rate 55.2 57.5 0.9 2.3 6.4 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 181.9 182.2 ... 0.3 1.9 0.2 1.1
Labour force 126.3 126.1 1.9 -0.2 -2.9 -0.2 -2.2
Employment 119.4 120.3 2.1 0.9 5.0 0.8 4.3
Unemployment 6.8 5.8 1.4 -1.0 -7.9 -14.7 -57.7
Participation rate 69.4 69.2 1.0 -0.2 -2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 4.6 1.0 -0.8 -6.0 ... ...
Employment rate 65.6 66.0 1.2 0.4 2.1 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 145.6 145.7 ... 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Labour force 89.4 89.7 1.1 0.3 1.2 0.3 1.4
Employment 83.2 84.1 1.1 0.9 2.3 1.1 2.8
Unemployment 6.2 5.6 0.5 -0.6 -1.1 -9.7 -16.4
Participation rate 61.4 61.6 0.7 0.2 0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.9 6.2 0.6 -0.7 -1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 57.1 57.7 0.7 0.6 1.5 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 106.4 106.4 ... 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.4
Labour force 65.9 67.1 0.7 1.2 1.1 1.8 1.7
Employment 61.7 62.7 0.7 1.0 1.7 1.6 2.8
Unemployment 4.2 4.4 0.3 0.2 -0.5 4.8 -10.2
Participation rate 61.9 63.1 0.7 1.2 1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.6 0.5 0.2 -0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 58.0 58.9 0.7 0.9 1.8 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 704.9 705.3 ... 0.4 4.7 0.1 0.7
Labour force 477.9 477.0 1.6 -0.9 5.5 -0.2 1.2
Employment 448.7 449.9 1.7 1.2 17.1 0.3 4.0
Unemployment 29.2 27.1 1.1 -2.1 -11.6 -7.2 -30.0
Participation rate 67.8 67.6 0.2 -0.2 0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.1 5.7 0.2 -0.4 -2.5 ... ...
Employment rate 63.7 63.8 0.2 0.1 2.0 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 216.3 216.5 ... 0.2 2.3 0.1 1.1
Labour force 148.6 146.5 1.2 -2.1 -0.3 -1.4 -0.2
Employment 139.6 138.4 1.2 -1.2 -0.4 -0.9 -0.3
Unemployment 9.0 8.1 0.7 -0.9 0.1 -10.0 1.3
Participation rate 68.7 67.7 0.5 -1.0 -0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.1 5.5 0.5 -0.6 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 64.5 63.9 0.6 -0.6 -0.9 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 274.5 274.9 ... 0.4 4.5 0.1 1.7
Labour force 189.1 190.5 1.3 1.4 8.2 0.7 4.5
Employment 175.6 178.3 1.3 2.7 10.5 1.5 6.3
Unemployment 13.5 12.2 0.7 -1.3 -2.3 -9.6 -15.9
Participation rate 68.9 69.3 0.5 0.4 1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.1 6.4 0.4 -0.7 -1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 64.0 64.9 0.5 0.9 2.8 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 105.6 105.7 ... 0.1 1.3 0.1 1.2
Labour force 67.7 67.6 1.0 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.7
Employment 64.2 63.5 1.0 -0.7 2.3 -1.1 3.8
Unemployment 3.5 4.1 0.6 0.6 -2.8 17.1 -40.6
Participation rate 64.1 64.0 1.0 -0.1 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 6.1 0.8 0.9 -4.0 ... ...
Employment rate 60.8 60.1 1.0 -0.7 1.5 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,270.5 1,272.9 ... 2.4 18.4 0.2 1.5
Labour force 905.0 906.9 5.1 1.9 -15.6 0.2 -1.7
Employment 832.4 833.0 5.4 0.6 11.2 0.1 1.4
Unemployment 72.7 73.9 3.6 1.2 -26.7 1.7 -26.5
Participation rate 71.2 71.2 0.4 0.0 -2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 8.1 0.4 0.1 -2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 65.5 65.4 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,206.2 1,208.5 ... 2.3 18.3 0.2 1.5
Labour force 844.1 850.7 5.1 6.6 40.6 0.8 5.0
Employment 776.2 785.9 5.3 9.7 69.2 1.2 9.7
Unemployment 67.9 64.8 3.5 -3.1 -28.6 -4.6 -30.6
Participation rate 70.0 70.4 0.4 0.4 2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 7.6 0.4 -0.4 -3.9 ... ...
Employment rate 64.4 65.0 0.4 0.6 4.8 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 185.1 185.6 ... 0.5 4.0 0.3 2.2
Labour force 115.7 117.0 1.8 1.3 -0.7 1.1 -0.6
Employment 110.6 111.8 1.7 1.2 -0.4 1.1 -0.4
Unemployment 5.1 5.2 0.9 0.1 -0.4 2.0 -7.1
Participation rate 62.5 63.0 1.0 0.5 -1.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.4 4.4 0.7 0.0 -0.4 ... ...
Employment rate 59.8 60.2 1.0 0.4 -1.6 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 171.9 172.2 ... 0.3 2.3 0.2 1.4
Labour force 114.4 112.8 1.1 -1.6 0.9 -1.4 0.8
Employment 105.3 103.4 1.1 -1.9 0.5 -1.8 0.5
Unemployment 9.1 9.3 0.6 0.2 0.3 2.2 3.3
Participation rate 66.6 65.5 0.7 -1.1 -0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 8.2 0.5 0.2 0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 61.3 60.0 0.7 -1.3 -0.6 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,360.7 2,365.1 ... 4.4 26.6 0.2 1.1
Labour force 1,621.0 1,612.5 7.7 -8.5 72.2 -0.5 4.7
Employment 1,519.8 1,517.2 7.8 -2.6 102.1 -0.2 7.2
Unemployment 101.2 95.3 5.4 -5.9 -30.0 -5.8 -23.9
Participation rate 68.7 68.2 0.3 -0.5 2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 5.9 0.3 -0.3 -2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 64.4 64.1 0.3 -0.3 3.6 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 348.9 349.7 ... 0.8 6.9 0.2 2.0
Labour force 214.1 216.8 2.4 2.7 -1.5 1.3 -0.7
Employment 204.6 208.2 2.4 3.6 3.8 1.8 1.9
Unemployment 9.5 8.6 1.2 -0.9 -5.3 -9.5 -38.1
Participation rate 61.4 62.0 0.7 0.6 -1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.4 4.0 0.5 -0.4 -2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 58.6 59.5 0.7 0.9 -0.1 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: