Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  April
2021
May
2021
Standard error1 April to May 2021 May 2020 to May 2021 April to May 2021 May 2020 to May 2021
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 181.7 181.7 ... 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.6
Labour force 111.8 111.9 1.0 0.1 -1.5 0.1 -1.3
Employment 101.4 102.3 1.1 0.9 1.4 0.9 1.4
Unemployment 10.4 9.5 0.7 -0.9 -3.0 -8.7 -24.0
Participation rate 61.5 61.6 0.6 0.1 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.3 8.5 0.5 -0.8 -2.5 ... ...
Employment rate 55.8 56.3 0.6 0.5 0.5 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 377.7 378.1 ... 0.4 6.8 0.1 1.8
Labour force 262.9 259.3 1.6 -3.6 23.7 -1.4 10.1
Employment 241.7 236.1 1.6 -5.6 25.5 -2.3 12.1
Unemployment 21.2 23.2 1.0 2.0 -1.8 9.4 -7.2
Participation rate 69.6 68.6 0.4 -1.0 5.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.1 8.9 0.4 0.8 -1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 64.0 62.4 0.4 -1.6 5.7 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 133.3 133.4 ... 0.1 1.8 0.1 1.4
Labour force 90.6 92.4 1.0 1.8 7.0 2.0 8.2
Employment 82.6 84.3 1.0 1.7 6.5 2.1 8.4
Unemployment 8.0 8.1 0.6 0.1 0.5 1.3 6.6
Participation rate 68.0 69.3 0.7 1.3 4.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.8 8.8 0.6 0.0 -0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 63.2 0.8 1.2 4.1 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 110.2 110.2 ... 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5
Labour force 70.1 69.6 0.9 -0.5 4.1 -0.7 6.3
Employment 63.3 63.7 0.9 0.4 5.8 0.6 10.0
Unemployment 6.8 5.9 0.5 -0.9 -1.7 -13.2 -22.4
Participation rate 63.6 63.2 0.8 -0.4 3.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.7 8.5 0.7 -1.2 -3.1 ... ...
Employment rate 57.4 57.8 0.8 0.4 5.0 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 135.6 135.6 ... 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1
Labour force 80.8 78.2 1.0 -2.6 1.0 -3.2 1.3
Employment 76.1 73.4 1.0 -2.7 7.2 -3.5 10.9
Unemployment 4.7 4.8 0.5 0.1 -6.2 2.1 -56.4
Participation rate 59.6 57.7 0.7 -1.9 0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.8 6.1 0.5 0.3 -8.1 ... ...
Employment rate 56.1 54.1 0.7 -2.0 5.4 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 687.2 687.4 ... 0.2 3.3 0.0 0.5
Labour force 447.2 443.8 3.6 -3.4 11.2 -0.8 2.6
Employment 424.8 422.1 3.8 -2.7 41.2 -0.6 10.8
Unemployment 22.4 21.7 1.8 -0.7 -30.0 -3.1 -58.0
Participation rate 65.1 64.6 0.5 -0.5 1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 4.9 0.4 -0.1 -7.1 ... ...
Employment rate 61.8 61.4 0.5 -0.4 5.7 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 187.7 187.8 ... 0.1 2.0 0.1 1.1
Labour force 115.3 115.0 1.2 -0.3 0.7 -0.3 0.6
Employment 109.5 109.7 1.2 0.2 8.6 0.2 8.5
Unemployment 5.7 5.3 0.6 -0.4 -8.0 -7.0 -60.2
Participation rate 61.4 61.2 0.7 -0.2 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 4.6 0.5 -0.3 -7.0 ... ...
Employment rate 58.3 58.4 0.7 0.1 4.0 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 137.0 137.0 ... 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.3
Labour force 80.9 80.3 0.9 -0.6 -0.2 -0.7 -0.2
Employment 76.8 76.8 0.9 0.0 6.9 0.0 9.9
Unemployment 4.0 3.4 0.5 -0.6 -7.2 -15.0 -67.9
Participation rate 59.1 58.6 0.7 -0.5 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.9 4.2 0.5 -0.7 -9.0 ... ...
Employment rate 56.1 56.1 0.7 0.0 4.9 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,635.9 3,637.1 ... 1.2 36.6 0.0 1.0
Labour force 2,421.1 2,433.6 9.4 12.5 135.1 0.5 5.9
Employment 2,235.0 2,240.2 9.9 5.2 264.3 0.2 13.4
Unemployment 186.1 193.4 6.7 7.3 -129.3 3.9 -40.1
Participation rate 66.6 66.9 0.3 0.3 3.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.7 7.9 0.3 0.2 -6.1 ... ...
Employment rate 61.5 61.6 0.3 0.1 6.7 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,206.0 1,207.5 ... 1.5 17.2 0.1 1.4
Labour force 822.5 832.0 5.1 9.5 67.0 1.2 8.8
Employment 767.3 769.1 5.4 1.8 70.2 0.2 10.0
Unemployment 55.2 62.9 2.8 7.7 -3.2 13.9 -4.8
Participation rate 68.2 68.9 0.4 0.7 4.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 7.6 0.4 0.9 -1.0 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 63.7 0.4 0.1 5.0 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 285.7 285.9 ... 0.2 2.4 0.1 0.8
Labour force 185.8 184.4 1.6 -1.4 4.8 -0.8 2.7
Employment 173.4 172.9 1.6 -0.5 13.7 -0.3 8.6
Unemployment 12.3 11.5 0.8 -0.8 -8.8 -6.5 -43.3
Participation rate 65.0 64.5 0.5 -0.5 1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.2 0.4 -0.4 -5.1 ... ...
Employment rate 60.7 60.5 0.6 -0.2 4.3 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 920.3 921.6 ... 1.3 14.8 0.1 1.6
Labour force 636.7 647.6 4.8 10.9 62.1 1.7 10.6
Employment 593.9 596.2 5.1 2.3 56.5 0.4 10.5
Unemployment 42.9 51.4 2.7 8.5 5.6 19.8 12.2
Participation rate 69.2 70.3 0.5 1.1 5.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 7.9 0.4 1.2 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 64.5 64.7 0.6 0.2 5.2 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 143.7 143.9 ... 0.2 2.1 0.1 1.5
Labour force 90.2 87.4 0.8 -2.8 4.4 -3.1 5.3
Employment 83.1 79.8 0.9 -3.3 6.3 -4.0 8.6
Unemployment 7.1 7.6 0.4 0.5 -1.9 7.0 -20.0
Participation rate 62.8 60.7 0.6 -2.1 2.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.9 8.7 0.5 0.8 -2.7 ... ...
Employment rate 57.8 55.5 0.6 -2.3 3.7 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 94.3 92.7 ... -1.6 -7.2 -1.7 -7.2
Labour force 57.4 54.3 3.4 -3.1 2.2 -5.4 4.2
Employment 50.6 48.3 3.3 -2.3 4.5 -4.5 10.3
Unemployment 6.9 6.0 1.7 -0.9 -2.3 -13.0 -27.7
Participation rate 60.9 58.6 2.1 -2.3 6.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 12.0 11.0 2.7 -1.0 -4.9 ... ...
Employment rate 53.7 52.1 2.3 -1.6 8.3 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 113.0 113.0 ... 0.0 1.3 0.0 1.2
Labour force 67.2 69.8 1.6 2.6 14.6 3.9 26.4
Employment 62.6 65.7 1.5 3.1 15.8 5.0 31.7
Unemployment 4.5 4.1 0.9 -0.4 -1.2 -8.9 -22.6
Participation rate 59.5 61.8 1.4 2.3 12.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 5.9 1.4 -0.8 -3.7 ... ...
Employment rate 55.4 58.1 1.4 2.7 13.4 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 344.1 344.4 ... 0.3 3.6 0.1 1.1
Labour force 219.7 217.1 2.2 -2.6 -0.7 -1.2 -0.3
Employment 202.8 198.8 2.3 -4.0 4.2 -2.0 2.2
Unemployment 16.9 18.3 1.2 1.4 -4.9 8.3 -21.1
Participation rate 63.8 63.0 0.6 -0.8 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.7 8.4 0.5 0.7 -2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 58.9 57.7 0.7 -1.2 0.6 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 5,551.1 5,555.2 ... 4.1 69.7 0.1 1.3
Labour force 3,621.4 3,624.4 13.0 3.0 240.0 0.1 7.1
Employment 3,276.5 3,278.1 13.2 1.6 273.9 0.0 9.1
Unemployment 344.9 346.3 9.1 1.4 -33.8 0.4 -8.9
Participation rate 65.2 65.2 0.2 0.0 3.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.5 9.6 0.2 0.1 -1.6 ... ...
Employment rate 59.0 59.0 0.2 0.0 4.2 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 665.7 666.0 ... 0.3 2.3 0.0 0.3
Labour force 447.8 447.4 4.2 -0.4 34.6 -0.1 8.4
Employment 415.0 412.9 4.3 -2.1 43.8 -0.5 11.9
Unemployment 32.8 34.5 2.4 1.7 -9.2 5.2 -21.1
Participation rate 67.3 67.2 0.6 -0.1 5.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.3 7.7 0.5 0.4 -2.9 ... ...
Employment rate 62.3 62.0 0.6 -0.3 6.4 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 372.7 372.8 ... 0.1 2.0 0.0 0.5
Labour force 218.3 218.5 2.5 0.2 17.5 0.1 8.7
Employment 192.6 194.8 2.4 2.2 19.4 1.1 11.1
Unemployment 25.6 23.7 1.3 -1.9 -1.9 -7.4 -7.4
Participation rate 58.6 58.6 0.7 0.0 4.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 11.7 10.8 0.6 -0.9 -1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 51.7 52.3 0.7 0.6 5.0 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 498.5 498.9 ... 0.4 8.1 0.1 1.7
Labour force 338.1 341.0 2.6 2.9 14.8 0.9 4.5
Employment 317.2 318.0 2.8 0.8 25.9 0.3 8.9
Unemployment 20.9 23.0 1.6 2.1 -11.1 10.0 -32.6
Participation rate 67.8 68.4 0.5 0.6 1.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.7 0.5 0.5 -3.8 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 63.7 0.6 0.1 4.2 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 118.8 118.9 ... 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.5
Labour force 81.4 80.3 0.9 -1.1 4.4 -1.4 5.8
Employment 76.2 75.4 1.0 -0.8 7.4 -1.0 10.9
Unemployment 5.2 4.9 0.5 -0.3 -2.9 -5.8 -37.2
Participation rate 68.5 67.5 0.8 -1.0 3.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.1 0.7 -0.3 -4.2 ... ...
Employment rate 64.1 63.4 0.8 -0.7 5.9 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 140.1 140.2 ... 0.1 1.5 0.1 1.1
Labour force 98.8 99.6 1.3 0.8 5.8 0.8 6.2
Employment 89.5 90.6 1.5 1.1 9.5 1.2 11.7
Unemployment 9.3 9.1 0.8 -0.2 -3.6 -2.2 -28.3
Participation rate 70.5 71.0 1.0 0.5 3.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.4 9.1 0.8 -0.3 -4.4 ... ...
Employment rate 63.9 64.6 1.1 0.7 6.1 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 466.5 466.9 ... 0.4 6.5 0.1 1.4
Labour force 302.8 309.0 3.0 6.2 38.4 2.0 14.2
Employment 277.9 278.9 3.1 1.0 40.0 0.4 16.7
Unemployment 24.9 30.1 1.5 5.2 -1.7 20.9 -5.3
Participation rate 64.9 66.2 0.7 1.3 7.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.2 9.7 0.5 1.5 -2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 59.6 59.7 0.7 0.1 7.8 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 304.8 304.9 ... 0.1 3.5 0.0 1.2
Labour force 185.5 184.4 2.2 -1.1 19.8 -0.6 12.0
Employment 165.9 164.8 2.2 -1.1 27.7 -0.7 20.2
Unemployment 19.6 19.6 1.2 0.0 -7.9 0.0 -28.7
Participation rate 60.9 60.5 0.7 -0.4 5.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.6 10.6 0.7 0.0 -6.1 ... ...
Employment rate 54.4 54.1 0.7 -0.3 8.6 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 180.9 181.0 ... 0.1 1.8 0.1 1.0
Labour force 121.6 122.0 1.7 0.4 -4.6 0.3 -3.6
Employment 111.5 112.6 2.0 1.1 0.7 1.0 0.6
Unemployment 10.1 9.4 1.3 -0.7 -5.3 -6.9 -36.1
Participation rate 67.2 67.4 1.0 0.2 -3.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.3 7.7 1.0 -0.6 -3.9 ... ...
Employment rate 61.6 62.2 1.1 0.6 -0.2 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 145.5 145.5 ... 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1
Labour force 89.0 88.7 0.9 -0.3 3.8 -0.3 4.5
Employment 81.2 81.5 0.9 0.3 4.3 0.4 5.6
Unemployment 7.8 7.2 0.4 -0.6 -0.4 -7.7 -5.3
Participation rate 61.2 61.0 0.6 -0.2 2.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.8 8.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 55.8 56.0 0.6 0.2 2.9 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 106.6 106.5 ... -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4
Labour force 64.8 64.8 0.7 0.0 3.4 0.0 5.5
Employment 59.6 59.7 0.7 0.1 4.8 0.2 8.7
Unemployment 5.2 5.0 0.3 -0.2 -1.5 -3.8 -23.1
Participation rate 60.8 60.8 0.6 0.0 3.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 7.7 0.5 -0.3 -2.9 ... ...
Employment rate 55.9 56.1 0.7 0.2 4.7 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 702.6 702.8 ... 0.2 5.1 0.0 0.7
Labour force 477.1 481.7 1.7 4.6 28.7 1.0 6.3
Employment 441.5 445.1 1.7 3.6 38.9 0.8 9.6
Unemployment 35.7 36.6 1.1 0.9 -10.2 2.5 -21.8
Participation rate 67.9 68.5 0.2 0.6 3.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 7.6 0.2 0.1 -2.7 ... ...
Employment rate 62.8 63.3 0.2 0.5 5.1 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 215.3 215.5 ... 0.2 2.4 0.1 1.1
Labour force 148.0 149.7 1.1 1.7 13.2 1.1 9.7
Employment 135.5 138.5 1.2 3.0 16.8 2.2 13.8
Unemployment 12.5 11.2 0.7 -1.3 -3.6 -10.4 -24.3
Participation rate 68.7 69.5 0.5 0.8 5.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.4 7.5 0.5 -0.9 -3.3 ... ...
Employment rate 62.9 64.3 0.6 1.4 7.2 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 272.5 272.8 ... 0.3 4.2 0.1 1.6
Labour force 184.7 186.1 1.3 1.4 5.7 0.8 3.2
Employment 170.5 172.4 1.3 1.9 14.5 1.1 9.2
Unemployment 14.2 13.7 0.8 -0.5 -8.8 -3.5 -39.1
Participation rate 67.8 68.2 0.5 0.4 1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.7 7.4 0.4 -0.3 -5.1 ... ...
Employment rate 62.6 63.2 0.5 0.6 4.4 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 104.9 105.0 ... 0.1 1.4 0.1 1.4
Labour force 66.9 66.0 1.0 -0.9 2.1 -1.3 3.3
Employment 62.0 61.5 1.0 -0.5 3.0 -0.8 5.1
Unemployment 4.9 4.5 0.5 -0.4 -0.9 -8.2 -16.7
Participation rate 63.8 62.9 0.9 -0.9 1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.3 6.8 0.8 -0.5 -1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 59.1 58.6 0.9 -0.5 2.1 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,261.9 1,262.9 ... 1.0 17.8 0.1 1.4
Labour force 887.9 883.4 4.8 -4.5 37.0 -0.5 4.4
Employment 805.6 806.7 5.3 1.1 76.3 0.1 10.4
Unemployment 82.3 76.7 3.6 -5.6 -39.3 -6.8 -33.9
Participation rate 70.4 70.0 0.4 -0.4 2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.3 8.7 0.4 -0.6 -5.0 ... ...
Employment rate 63.8 63.9 0.4 0.1 5.2 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,197.5 1,198.5 ... 1.0 18.1 0.1 1.5
Labour force 851.7 848.7 5.2 -3.0 83.2 -0.4 10.9
Employment 762.3 762.4 5.4 0.1 102.9 0.0 15.6
Unemployment 89.4 86.3 3.6 -3.1 -19.8 -3.5 -18.7
Participation rate 71.1 70.8 0.4 -0.3 5.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.5 10.2 0.4 -0.3 -3.7 ... ...
Employment rate 63.7 63.6 0.4 -0.1 7.7 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 182.7 183.0 ... 0.3 3.2 0.2 1.8
Labour force 114.1 110.6 1.8 -3.5 -1.6 -3.1 -1.4
Employment 107.6 104.2 1.7 -3.4 2.9 -3.2 2.9
Unemployment 6.5 6.4 0.9 -0.1 -4.5 -1.5 -41.3
Participation rate 62.5 60.4 1.0 -2.1 -2.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.8 0.7 0.1 -3.9 ... ...
Employment rate 58.9 56.9 0.9 -2.0 0.6 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 170.3 170.4 ... 0.1 2.3 0.1 1.4
Labour force 117.8 117.1 1.1 -0.7 14.5 -0.6 14.1
Employment 111.3 110.5 1.1 -0.8 15.8 -0.7 16.7
Unemployment 6.5 6.6 0.5 0.1 -1.3 1.5 -16.5
Participation rate 69.2 68.7 0.6 -0.5 7.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.5 5.6 0.5 0.1 -2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 65.4 64.8 0.6 -0.6 8.5 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,342.2 2,343.6 ... 1.4 19.0 0.1 0.8
Labour force 1,599.4 1,607.2 7.6 7.8 169.3 0.5 11.8
Employment 1,481.4 1,486.3 7.8 4.9 203.4 0.3 15.9
Unemployment 118.0 120.9 5.2 2.9 -34.1 2.5 -22.0
Participation rate 68.3 68.6 0.3 0.3 6.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.4 7.5 0.3 0.1 -3.3 ... ...
Employment rate 63.2 63.4 0.3 0.2 8.2 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 344.5 345.0 ... 0.5 4.2 0.1 1.2
Labour force 222.9 224.2 2.2 1.3 14.1 0.6 6.7
Employment 208.9 210.1 2.2 1.2 21.7 0.6 11.5
Unemployment 13.9 14.1 1.1 0.2 -7.6 1.4 -35.0
Participation rate 64.7 65.0 0.7 0.3 3.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.3 0.5 0.1 -4.0 ... ...
Employment rate 60.6 60.9 0.7 0.3 5.6 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
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