Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  January
2021
February
2021
Standard error1 January to February 2021 February 2020 to February 2021 January to February 2021 February 2020 to February 2021
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 181.5 181.6 ... 0.1 1.2 0.1 0.7
Labour force 118.4 115.1 1.0 -3.3 -4.8 -2.8 -4.0
Employment 107.9 104.3 1.1 -3.6 -5.4 -3.3 -4.9
Unemployment 10.4 10.8 0.7 0.4 0.5 3.8 4.9
Participation rate 65.2 63.4 0.6 -1.8 -3.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.8 9.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 ... ...
Employment rate 59.4 57.4 0.6 -2.0 -3.4 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 376.4 376.8 ... 0.4 7.0 0.1 1.9
Labour force 258.2 261.2 1.6 3.0 9.4 1.2 3.7
Employment 238.7 240.1 1.6 1.4 5.1 0.6 2.2
Unemployment 19.4 21.1 1.0 1.7 4.3 8.8 25.6
Participation rate 68.6 69.3 0.4 0.7 1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 8.1 0.4 0.6 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 63.4 63.7 0.4 0.3 0.2 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 132.9 133.0 ... 0.1 1.9 0.1 1.4
Labour force 88.7 88.4 1.0 -0.3 1.0 -0.3 1.1
Employment 80.5 80.2 1.0 -0.3 -2.4 -0.4 -2.9
Unemployment 8.2 8.1 0.6 -0.1 3.3 -1.2 68.8
Participation rate 66.7 66.5 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.2 9.2 0.6 0.0 3.7 ... ...
Employment rate 60.6 60.3 0.8 -0.3 -2.7 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 110.1 110.1 ... 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.5
Labour force 71.0 71.2 0.9 0.2 1.1 0.3 1.6
Employment 62.3 62.6 0.9 0.3 -2.6 0.5 -4.0
Unemployment 8.6 8.7 0.5 0.1 3.7 1.2 74.0
Participation rate 64.5 64.7 0.8 0.2 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 12.1 12.2 0.7 0.1 5.1 ... ...
Employment rate 56.6 56.9 0.8 0.3 -2.6 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 135.7 135.6 ... -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3
Labour force 79.7 80.7 1.0 1.0 -0.1 1.3 -0.1
Employment 74.7 76.0 1.0 1.3 0.0 1.7 0.0
Unemployment 5.0 4.8 0.5 -0.2 0.0 -4.0 0.0
Participation rate 58.7 59.5 0.7 0.8 0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 5.9 0.5 -0.4 0.0 ... ...
Employment rate 55.0 56.0 0.7 1.0 0.1 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 686.4 686.6 ... 0.2 2.9 0.0 0.4
Labour force 458.1 452.6 3.6 -5.5 -0.8 -1.2 -0.2
Employment 436.7 429.7 3.8 -7.0 -5.0 -1.6 -1.2
Unemployment 21.4 22.8 1.8 1.4 4.1 6.5 21.9
Participation rate 66.7 65.9 0.5 -0.8 -0.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 5.0 0.4 0.3 0.9 ... ...
Employment rate 63.6 62.6 0.5 -1.0 -1.0 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 187.2 187.4 ... 0.2 1.9 0.1 1.0
Labour force 116.9 116.6 1.2 -0.3 0.6 -0.3 0.5
Employment 109.8 109.4 1.2 -0.4 -1.4 -0.4 -1.3
Unemployment 7.2 7.2 0.6 0.0 2.0 0.0 38.5
Participation rate 62.4 62.2 0.7 -0.2 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.2 6.2 0.5 0.0 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 58.7 58.4 0.7 -0.3 -1.3 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 136.9 136.9 ... 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2
Labour force 80.9 80.5 0.9 -0.4 -4.8 -0.5 -5.6
Employment 75.5 75.1 0.9 -0.4 -6.1 -0.5 -7.5
Unemployment 5.5 5.4 0.5 -0.1 1.3 -1.8 31.7
Participation rate 59.1 58.8 0.7 -0.3 -3.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.8 6.7 0.5 -0.1 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 55.1 54.9 0.7 -0.2 -4.5 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,629.0 3,631.7 ... 2.7 40.8 0.1 1.1
Labour force 2,398.6 2,394.7 9.4 -3.9 -3.9 -0.2 -0.2
Employment 2,194.5 2,198.8 9.9 4.3 -70.0 0.2 -3.1
Unemployment 204.1 195.9 6.7 -8.2 66.1 -4.0 50.9
Participation rate 66.1 65.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.5 8.2 0.3 -0.3 2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 60.5 60.5 0.3 0.0 -2.7 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,201.0 1,202.6 ... 1.6 16.3 0.1 1.4
Labour force 790.5 804.1 5.1 13.6 -2.3 1.7 -0.3
Employment 737.7 752.0 5.4 14.3 -19.5 1.9 -2.5
Unemployment 52.9 52.1 2.8 -0.8 17.1 -1.5 48.9
Participation rate 65.8 66.9 0.4 1.1 -1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.7 6.5 0.4 -0.2 2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 61.4 62.5 0.4 1.1 -2.5 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 284.9 285.2 ... 0.3 2.1 0.1 0.7
Labour force 183.4 185.1 1.6 1.7 -3.6 0.9 -1.9
Employment 170.0 171.0 1.6 1.0 -8.7 0.6 -4.8
Unemployment 13.4 14.1 0.8 0.7 5.0 5.2 54.9
Participation rate 64.4 64.9 0.5 0.5 -1.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.3 7.6 0.4 0.3 2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 59.7 60.0 0.6 0.3 -3.5 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 916.1 917.4 ... 1.3 14.2 0.1 1.6
Labour force 607.2 619.0 4.8 11.8 1.3 1.9 0.2
Employment 567.7 580.9 5.1 13.2 -10.9 2.3 -1.8
Unemployment 39.4 38.0 2.7 -1.4 12.1 -3.6 46.7
Participation rate 66.3 67.5 0.5 1.2 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 6.1 0.4 -0.4 1.9 ... ...
Employment rate 62.0 63.3 0.6 1.3 -2.2 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 143.0 143.2 ... 0.2 1.9 0.1 1.3
Labour force 90.8 91.6 0.8 0.8 3.3 0.9 3.7
Employment 84.9 85.0 0.9 0.1 1.3 0.1 1.6
Unemployment 5.9 6.7 0.4 0.8 2.1 13.6 45.7
Participation rate 63.5 64.0 0.6 0.5 1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.5 7.3 0.5 0.8 2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 59.4 59.4 0.6 0.0 0.2 ... ...
Belleville, Ontario              
Population 97.8 94.6 ... -3.2 -28.7 -3.3 -23.3
Labour force 56.1 59.4 3.4 3.3 -4.9 5.9 -7.6
Employment 53.4 55.0 3.3 1.6 -3.2 3.0 -5.5
Unemployment 2.7 4.4 1.7 1.7 -1.7 63.0 -27.9
Participation rate 57.4 62.8 2.1 5.4 10.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.8 7.4 2.7 2.6 -2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 54.6 58.1 2.3 3.5 10.9 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 112.8 112.9 ... 0.1 1.8 0.1 1.6
Labour force 63.2 65.4 1.6 2.2 3.6 3.5 5.8
Employment 55.1 57.2 1.5 2.1 -0.7 3.8 -1.2
Unemployment 8.1 8.2 0.9 0.1 4.3 1.2 110.3
Participation rate 56.0 57.9 1.4 1.9 2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 12.8 12.5 1.4 -0.3 6.2 ... ...
Employment rate 48.8 50.7 1.4 1.9 -1.4 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 343.0 343.3 ... 0.3 3.2 0.1 0.9
Labour force 228.7 225.3 2.2 -3.4 -2.7 -1.5 -1.2
Employment 209.4 207.2 2.3 -2.2 -5.0 -1.1 -2.4
Unemployment 19.3 18.1 1.2 -1.2 2.4 -6.2 15.3
Participation rate 66.7 65.6 0.6 -1.1 -1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.4 8.0 0.5 -0.4 1.1 ... ...
Employment rate 61.0 60.4 0.7 -0.6 -2.0 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 5,536.1 5,540.9 ... 4.8 75.9 0.1 1.4
Labour force 3,722.6 3,679.4 13.0 -43.2 25.1 -1.2 0.7
Employment 3,310.5 3,272.2 13.2 -38.3 -184.4 -1.2 -5.3
Unemployment 412.1 407.2 9.1 -4.9 209.5 -1.2 106.0
Participation rate 67.2 66.4 0.2 -0.8 -0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 11.1 11.1 0.2 0.0 5.7 ... ...
Employment rate 59.8 59.1 0.2 -0.7 -4.1 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 665.0 665.2 ... 0.2 1.9 0.0 0.3
Labour force 427.1 432.8 4.2 5.7 -4.8 1.3 -1.1
Employment 398.0 401.9 4.3 3.9 -14.1 1.0 -3.4
Unemployment 29.1 30.9 2.4 1.8 9.3 6.2 43.1
Participation rate 64.2 65.1 0.6 0.9 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.8 7.1 0.5 0.3 2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 59.8 60.4 0.6 0.6 -2.3 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 372.4 372.5 ... 0.1 2.4 0.0 0.6
Labour force 210.9 207.9 2.5 -3.0 -12.1 -1.4 -5.5
Employment 186.6 182.1 2.4 -4.5 -25.6 -2.4 -12.3
Unemployment 24.2 25.8 1.3 1.6 13.6 6.6 111.5
Participation rate 56.6 55.8 0.7 -0.8 -3.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 11.5 12.4 0.6 0.9 6.9 ... ...
Employment rate 50.1 48.9 0.7 -1.2 -7.2 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 496.9 497.4 ... 0.5 9.2 0.1 1.9
Labour force 342.6 340.7 2.6 -1.9 -10.9 -0.6 -3.1
Employment 314.3 314.2 2.8 -0.1 -18.4 -0.0 -5.5
Unemployment 28.3 26.5 1.6 -1.8 7.4 -6.4 38.7
Participation rate 68.9 68.5 0.5 -0.4 -3.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.3 7.8 0.5 -0.5 2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 63.3 63.2 0.6 -0.1 -4.9 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 118.6 118.7 ... 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.4
Labour force 78.3 79.1 0.9 0.8 1.6 1.0 2.1
Employment 72.9 73.1 1.0 0.2 -0.5 0.3 -0.7
Unemployment 5.4 6.0 0.5 0.6 2.1 11.1 53.8
Participation rate 66.0 66.6 0.8 0.6 1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.9 7.6 0.7 0.7 2.6 ... ...
Employment rate 61.5 61.6 0.8 0.1 -0.7 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 139.6 139.7 ... 0.1 1.2 0.1 0.9
Labour force 90.2 93.0 1.3 2.8 1.9 3.1 2.1
Employment 84.5 85.7 1.5 1.2 -0.8 1.4 -0.9
Unemployment 5.7 7.3 0.8 1.6 2.7 28.1 58.7
Participation rate 64.6 66.6 1.0 2.0 0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 7.8 0.8 1.5 2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 60.5 61.3 1.1 0.8 -1.2 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 465.1 465.5 ... 0.4 7.1 0.1 1.5
Labour force 291.4 293.1 3.0 1.7 8.8 0.6 3.1
Employment 269.0 273.0 3.1 4.0 2.0 1.5 0.7
Unemployment 22.4 20.1 1.5 -2.3 6.8 -10.3 51.1
Participation rate 62.7 63.0 0.7 0.3 1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.7 6.9 0.5 -0.8 2.2 ... ...
Employment rate 57.8 58.6 0.7 0.8 -0.5 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 304.4 304.5 ... 0.1 4.6 0.0 1.5
Labour force 170.4 173.3 2.2 2.9 -10.4 1.7 -5.7
Employment 152.8 154.8 2.2 2.0 -13.5 1.3 -8.0
Unemployment 17.6 18.5 1.2 0.9 3.2 5.1 20.9
Participation rate 56.0 56.9 0.7 0.9 -4.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.3 10.7 0.7 0.4 2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 50.2 50.8 0.7 0.6 -5.3 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 180.5 180.6 ... 0.1 2.0 0.1 1.1
Labour force 123.5 122.1 1.7 -1.4 -10.3 -1.1 -7.8
Employment 106.0 106.2 2.0 0.2 -20.5 0.2 -16.2
Unemployment 17.5 15.9 1.3 -1.6 10.2 -9.1 178.9
Participation rate 68.4 67.6 1.0 -0.8 -6.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 14.2 13.0 1.0 -1.2 8.7 ... ...
Employment rate 58.7 58.8 1.1 0.1 -12.1 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 145.6 145.5 ... -0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.3
Labour force 87.2 87.5 0.9 0.3 -4.9 0.3 -5.3
Employment 80.3 79.9 0.9 -0.4 -7.6 -0.5 -8.7
Unemployment 6.9 7.6 0.4 0.7 2.7 10.1 55.1
Participation rate 59.9 60.1 0.6 0.2 -3.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.9 8.7 0.5 0.8 3.4 ... ...
Employment rate 55.2 54.9 0.6 -0.3 -5.4 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 106.7 106.6 ... -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3
Labour force 65.8 64.9 0.7 -0.9 -2.9 -1.4 -4.3
Employment 60.3 59.4 0.7 -0.9 -4.7 -1.5 -7.3
Unemployment 5.5 5.4 0.3 -0.1 1.7 -1.8 45.9
Participation rate 61.7 60.9 0.6 -0.8 -2.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.4 8.3 0.5 -0.1 2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 56.5 55.7 0.7 -0.8 -4.3 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 701.1 701.6 ... 0.5 5.5 0.1 0.8
Labour force 463.4 464.9 1.7 1.5 -6.5 0.3 -1.4
Employment 422.6 426.4 1.7 3.8 -21.7 0.9 -4.8
Unemployment 40.8 38.5 1.1 -2.3 15.3 -5.6 65.9
Participation rate 66.1 66.3 0.2 0.2 -1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.8 8.3 0.2 -0.5 3.4 ... ...
Employment rate 60.3 60.8 0.2 0.5 -3.6 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 214.5 214.8 ... 0.3 2.5 0.1 1.2
Labour force 145.6 144.8 1.1 -0.8 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1
Employment 134.5 132.5 1.2 -2.0 -2.7 -1.5 -2.0
Unemployment 11.1 12.3 0.7 1.2 2.5 10.8 25.5
Participation rate 67.9 67.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.6 8.5 0.5 0.9 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 62.7 61.7 0.6 -1.0 -2.0 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 271.1 271.5 ... 0.4 4.1 0.1 1.5
Labour force 182.8 183.1 1.3 0.3 -3.9 0.2 -2.1
Employment 167.2 167.8 1.3 0.6 -6.9 0.4 -3.9
Unemployment 15.7 15.3 0.8 -0.4 3.0 -2.5 24.4
Participation rate 67.4 67.4 0.5 0.0 -2.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.6 8.4 0.4 -0.2 1.8 ... ...
Employment rate 61.7 61.8 0.5 0.1 -3.5 ... ...
Lethbridge, Alberta              
Population 104.6 104.7 ... 0.1 1.6 0.1 1.6
Labour force 68.0 67.6 1.0 -0.4 0.7 -0.6 1.0
Employment 62.6 63.0 1.0 0.4 -1.3 0.6 -2.0
Unemployment 5.5 4.6 0.5 -0.9 1.9 -16.4 70.4
Participation rate 65.0 64.6 0.9 -0.4 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.1 6.8 0.8 -1.3 2.8 ... ...
Employment rate 59.8 60.2 0.9 0.4 -2.2 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,257.6 1,259.1 ... 1.5 19.7 0.1 1.6
Labour force 909.1 901.6 4.8 -7.5 22.5 -0.8 2.6
Employment 813.1 806.3 5.3 -6.8 -6.1 -0.8 -0.8
Unemployment 96.0 95.3 3.6 -0.7 28.6 -0.7 42.9
Participation rate 72.3 71.6 0.4 -0.7 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.6 10.6 0.4 0.0 3.0 ... ...
Employment rate 64.7 64.0 0.4 -0.7 -1.5 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,193.1 1,194.7 ... 1.6 19.9 0.1 1.7
Labour force 829.6 840.1 5.2 10.5 6.1 1.3 0.7
Employment 731.0 743.0 5.4 12.0 -24.0 1.6 -3.1
Unemployment 98.5 97.1 3.6 -1.4 30.2 -1.4 45.1
Participation rate 69.5 70.3 0.4 0.8 -0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 11.9 11.6 0.4 -0.3 3.6 ... ...
Employment rate 61.3 62.2 0.4 0.9 -3.1 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 182.0 182.2 ... 0.2 3.3 0.1 1.8
Labour force 118.4 117.6 1.8 -0.8 0.3 -0.7 0.3
Employment 113.0 111.5 1.7 -1.5 0.6 -1.3 0.5
Unemployment 5.5 6.1 0.9 0.6 -0.3 10.9 -4.7
Participation rate 65.1 64.5 1.0 -0.6 -1.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.6 5.2 0.7 0.6 -0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 62.1 61.2 0.9 -0.9 -0.8 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 170.0 170.1 ... 0.1 2.9 0.1 1.7
Labour force 114.0 115.6 1.1 1.6 4.3 1.4 3.9
Employment 105.2 107.0 1.1 1.8 0.9 1.7 0.8
Unemployment 8.9 8.6 0.5 -0.3 3.4 -3.4 65.4
Participation rate 67.1 68.0 0.6 0.9 1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.8 7.4 0.5 -0.4 2.7 ... ...
Employment rate 61.9 62.9 0.6 1.0 -0.6 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,340.2 2,340.6 ... 0.4 22.5 0.0 1.0
Labour force 1,570.9 1,580.5 7.6 9.6 12.9 0.6 0.8
Employment 1,448.4 1,456.2 7.8 7.8 -42.4 0.5 -2.8
Unemployment 122.5 124.3 5.2 1.8 55.3 1.5 80.1
Participation rate 67.1 67.5 0.3 0.4 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.8 7.9 0.3 0.1 3.5 ... ...
Employment rate 61.9 62.2 0.3 0.3 -2.4 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 343.4 343.8 ... 0.4 3.7 0.1 1.1
Labour force 217.0 218.4 2.2 1.4 -2.5 0.6 -1.1
Employment 206.2 207.6 2.2 1.4 -5.5 0.7 -2.6
Unemployment 10.8 10.8 1.1 0.0 3.0 0.0 38.5
Participation rate 63.2 63.5 0.7 0.3 -1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.0 4.9 0.5 -0.1 1.4 ... ...
Employment rate 60.0 60.4 0.7 0.4 -2.3 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Date modified: