Table 7 
Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted 

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Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted
  November
2020		 December
2020		 Standard error1 November to December 2020 December 2019 to December 2020 November to December 2020 December 2019 to December 2020
  thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates)thousands (except rates) change in thousands (except rates)change in thousands (except rates) % change% change
St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador              
Population 188.1 188.3 ... 0.2 1.8 0.1 1.0
Labour force 122.4 122.9 0.9 0.5 -1.5 0.4 -1.2
Employment 111.0 112.2 1.0 1.2 -3.4 1.1 -2.9
Unemployment 11.4 10.7 0.5 -0.7 2.0 -6.1 23.0
Participation rate 65.1 65.3 0.5 0.2 -1.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.3 8.7 0.4 -0.6 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 59.0 59.6 0.5 0.6 -2.4 ... ...
Halifax, Nova Scotia              
Population 385.0 385.6 ... 0.6 8.0 0.2 2.1
Labour force 260.2 262.6 1.4 2.4 6.0 0.9 2.3
Employment 242.9 243.5 1.5 0.6 3.8 0.2 1.6
Unemployment 17.3 19.1 0.8 1.8 2.2 10.4 13.0
Participation rate 67.6 68.1 0.4 0.5 0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 7.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 63.1 63.1 0.4 0.0 -0.4 ... ...
Moncton, New Brunswick              
Population 134.5 134.7 ... 0.2 2.3 0.1 1.7
Labour force 91.1 90.7 0.9 -0.4 4.8 -0.4 5.6
Employment 82.9 82.5 0.9 -0.4 1.1 -0.5 1.4
Unemployment 8.1 8.2 0.4 0.1 3.8 1.2 86.4
Participation rate 67.7 67.3 0.7 -0.4 2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.9 9.0 0.5 0.1 3.9 ... ...
Employment rate 61.6 61.2 0.7 -0.4 -0.3 ... ...
Saint John, New Brunswick               
Population 108.3 108.4 ... 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.8
Labour force 66.5 68.4 0.9 1.9 -1.0 2.9 -1.4
Employment 59.6 60.9 0.9 1.3 -3.2 2.2 -5.0
Unemployment 6.8 7.5 0.4 0.7 2.2 10.3 41.5
Participation rate 61.4 63.1 0.8 1.7 -1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.2 11.0 0.6 0.8 3.4 ... ...
Employment rate 55.0 56.2 0.8 1.2 -3.4 ... ...
Saguenay, Quebec              
Population 132.8 132.8 ... 0.0 -0.7 0.0 -0.5
Labour force 80.1 79.2 0.9 -0.9 0.1 -1.1 0.1
Employment 76.0 74.7 1.0 -1.3 0.5 -1.7 0.7
Unemployment 4.2 4.5 0.4 0.3 -0.4 7.1 -8.2
Participation rate 60.3 59.6 0.7 -0.7 0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.2 5.7 0.5 0.5 -0.5 ... ...
Employment rate 57.2 56.3 0.7 -0.9 0.7 ... ...
Québec, Quebec              
Population 692.4 692.7 ... 0.3 3.5 0.0 0.5
Labour force 461.1 463.3 3.4 2.2 -1.0 0.5 -0.2
Employment 441.3 444.2 3.6 2.9 -3.7 0.7 -0.8
Unemployment 19.8 19.1 1.5 -0.7 2.7 -3.5 16.5
Participation rate 66.6 66.9 0.5 0.3 -0.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.3 4.1 0.3 -0.2 0.6 ... ...
Employment rate 63.7 64.1 0.5 0.4 -0.9 ... ...
Sherbrooke, Quebec              
Population 191.0 191.2 ... 0.2 2.5 0.1 1.3
Labour force 118.5 119.2 1.2 0.7 1.4 0.6 1.2
Employment 110.9 112.0 1.1 1.1 -0.3 1.0 -0.3
Unemployment 7.6 7.1 0.5 -0.5 1.6 -6.6 29.1
Participation rate 62.0 62.3 0.6 0.3 -0.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.4 6.0 0.4 -0.4 1.3 ... ...
Employment rate 58.1 58.6 0.6 0.5 -0.9 ... ...
Trois-Rivières, Quebec               
Population 136.0 136.0 ... 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.4
Labour force 84.8 82.8 0.8 -2.0 0.7 -2.4 0.9
Employment 80.0 77.9 0.8 -2.1 0.1 -2.6 0.1
Unemployment 4.8 4.9 0.4 0.1 0.6 2.1 14.0
Participation rate 62.4 60.9 0.6 -1.5 0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.7 5.9 0.4 0.2 0.7 ... ...
Employment rate 58.8 57.3 0.6 -1.5 -0.2 ... ...
Montréal, Quebec              
Population 3,580.0 3,583.7 ... 3.7 52.0 0.1 1.5
Labour force 2,414.9 2,393.7 8.7 -21.2 45.0 -0.9 1.9
Employment 2,209.1 2,198.8 9.0 -10.3 -8.4 -0.5 -0.4
Unemployment 205.9 194.9 5.2 -11.0 53.4 -5.3 37.7
Participation rate 67.5 66.8 0.2 -0.7 0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.5 8.1 0.2 -0.4 2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 61.7 61.4 0.3 -0.3 -1.1 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario/Quebec               
Population 1,197.9 1,199.3 ... 1.4 18.1 0.1 1.5
Labour force 784.1 781.9 4.6 -2.2 -52.8 -0.3 -6.3
Employment 728.2 729.5 4.8 1.3 -68.6 0.2 -8.6
Unemployment 55.9 52.4 2.2 -3.5 15.9 -6.3 43.6
Participation rate 65.5 65.2 0.4 -0.3 -5.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.1 6.7 0.3 -0.4 2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 60.8 60.8 0.4 0.0 -6.8 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Quebec part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 285.3 285.5 ... 0.2 2.9 0.1 1.0
Labour force 184.1 184.1 1.4 0.0 -9.8 0.0 -5.1
Employment 170.8 171.3 1.5 0.5 -12.9 0.3 -7.0
Unemployment 13.3 12.8 0.7 -0.5 3.2 -3.8 33.3
Participation rate 64.5 64.5 0.5 0.0 -4.1 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 7.0 0.4 -0.2 2.0 ... ...
Employment rate 59.9 60.0 0.5 0.1 -5.2 ... ...
Ottawa–Gatineau, Ontario part, Ontario/Quebec              
Population 912.6 913.7 ... 1.1 15.1 0.1 1.7
Labour force 600.0 597.8 4.4 -2.2 -43.0 -0.4 -6.7
Employment 557.4 558.2 4.6 0.8 -55.7 0.1 -9.1
Unemployment 42.6 39.6 2.1 -3.0 12.7 -7.0 47.2
Participation rate 65.7 65.4 0.5 -0.3 -5.9 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.1 6.6 0.3 -0.5 2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 61.1 61.1 0.5 0.0 -7.2 ... ...
Kingston, Ontario              
Population 148.2 148.3 ... 0.1 1.2 0.1 0.8
Labour force 91.8 92.0 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3
Employment 85.2 86.6 0.9 1.4 0.1 1.6 0.1
Unemployment 6.6 5.4 0.3 -1.2 0.1 -18.2 1.9
Participation rate 61.9 62.0 0.6 0.1 -0.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 5.9 0.4 -1.3 0.1 ... ...
Employment rate 57.5 58.4 0.6 0.9 -0.4 ... ...
Peterborough, Ontario              
Population 109.0 109.0 ... 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.7
Labour force 58.8 60.6 1.5 1.8 -0.9 3.1 -1.5
Employment 51.9 52.4 1.5 0.5 -4.4 1.0 -7.7
Unemployment 7.0 8.2 0.6 1.2 3.5 17.1 74.5
Participation rate 53.9 55.6 1.4 1.7 -1.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 11.9 13.5 1.0 1.6 5.9 ... ...
Employment rate 47.6 48.1 1.3 0.5 -4.4 ... ...
Oshawa, Ontario              
Population 353.1 353.5 ... 0.4 4.8 0.1 1.4
Labour force 240.1 238.4 2.1 -1.7 11.4 -0.7 5.0
Employment 221.1 219.9 2.1 -1.2 6.8 -0.5 3.2
Unemployment 19.0 18.6 1.0 -0.4 4.7 -2.1 33.8
Participation rate 68.0 67.4 0.6 -0.6 2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.9 7.8 0.4 -0.1 1.7 ... ...
Employment rate 62.6 62.2 0.6 -0.4 1.1 ... ...
Toronto, Ontario              
Population 5,714.2 5,721.2 ... 7.0 101.7 0.1 1.8
Labour force 3,871.1 3,865.6 11.9 -5.5 122.5 -0.1 3.3
Employment 3,457.2 3,453.8 11.9 -3.4 -78.2 -0.1 -2.2
Unemployment 413.9 411.7 7.0 -2.2 200.6 -0.5 95.0
Participation rate 67.7 67.6 0.2 -0.1 1.0 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.7 10.7 0.2 0.0 5.1 ... ...
Employment rate 60.5 60.4 0.2 -0.1 -2.5 ... ...
Hamilton, Ontario              
Population 688.2 688.6 ... 0.4 5.8 0.1 0.8
Labour force 428.0 437.8 4.0 9.8 -11.8 2.3 -2.6
Employment 393.8 402.5 4.1 8.7 -27.0 2.2 -6.3
Unemployment 34.2 35.3 1.8 1.1 15.2 3.2 75.6
Participation rate 62.2 63.6 0.6 1.4 -2.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.0 8.1 0.4 0.1 3.6 ... ...
Employment rate 57.2 58.5 0.6 1.3 -4.4 ... ...
St. Catharines–Niagara, Ontario               
Population 361.9 362.1 ... 0.2 2.7 0.1 0.8
Labour force 211.0 210.7 2.3 -0.3 -6.3 -0.1 -2.9
Employment 195.7 191.6 2.3 -4.1 -14.9 -2.1 -7.2
Unemployment 15.2 19.2 1.0 4.0 8.7 26.3 82.9
Participation rate 58.3 58.2 0.6 -0.1 -2.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.2 9.1 0.5 1.9 4.3 ... ...
Employment rate 54.1 52.9 0.6 -1.2 -4.6 ... ...
Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo, Ontario              
Population 457.9 458.4 ... 0.5 6.1 0.1 1.3
Labour force 310.9 312.1 2.4 1.2 -10.2 0.4 -3.2
Employment 282.8 285.5 2.5 2.7 -20.3 1.0 -6.6
Unemployment 28.2 26.6 1.3 -1.6 10.0 -5.7 60.2
Participation rate 67.9 68.1 0.5 0.2 -3.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 9.1 8.5 0.4 -0.6 3.3 ... ...
Employment rate 61.8 62.3 0.6 0.5 -5.3 ... ...
Brantford, Ontario              
Population 119.9 120.0 ... 0.1 1.1 0.1 0.9
Labour force 80.8 79.8 0.9 -1.0 -0.8 -1.2 -1.0
Employment 75.6 74.9 0.9 -0.7 -2.6 -0.9 -3.4
Unemployment 5.3 4.9 0.4 -0.4 1.8 -7.5 58.1
Participation rate 67.4 66.5 0.8 -0.9 -1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.6 6.1 0.5 -0.5 2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 63.1 62.4 0.8 -0.7 -2.8 ... ...
Guelph, Ontario              
Population 143.3 143.5 ... 0.2 2.8 0.1 2.0
Labour force 95.8 93.6 1.3 -2.2 0.9 -2.3 1.0
Employment 89.1 88.2 1.3 -0.9 0.6 -1.0 0.7
Unemployment 6.7 5.4 0.6 -1.3 0.2 -19.4 3.8
Participation rate 66.9 65.2 0.9 -1.7 -0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.0 5.8 0.6 -1.2 0.2 ... ...
Employment rate 62.2 61.5 0.9 -0.7 -0.8 ... ...
London, Ontario              
Population 456.0 456.3 ... 0.3 5.4 0.1 1.2
Labour force 279.8 281.7 2.6 1.9 6.1 0.7 2.2
Employment 256.5 260.2 2.7 3.7 0.1 1.4 0.0
Unemployment 23.4 21.6 1.2 -1.8 6.1 -7.7 39.4
Participation rate 61.4 61.7 0.6 0.3 0.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.4 7.7 0.4 -0.7 2.1 ... ...
Employment rate 56.3 57.0 0.6 0.7 -0.7 ... ...
Windsor, Ontario              
Population 300.3 300.6 ... 0.3 3.3 0.1 1.1
Labour force 171.4 168.2 2.0 -3.2 -12.3 -1.9 -6.8
Employment 153.4 149.7 2.0 -3.7 -17.1 -2.4 -10.3
Unemployment 18.1 18.6 1.0 0.5 4.9 2.8 35.8
Participation rate 57.1 56.0 0.7 -1.1 -4.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.6 11.1 0.6 0.5 3.5 ... ...
Employment rate 51.1 49.8 0.7 -1.3 -6.3 ... ...
Barrie, Ontario              
Population 184.2 184.4 ... 0.2 2.7 0.1 1.5
Labour force 131.4 129.2 1.9 -2.2 -2.5 -1.7 -1.9
Employment 117.5 113.6 2.0 -3.9 -11.3 -3.3 -9.0
Unemployment 13.9 15.6 1.0 1.7 8.8 12.2 129.4
Participation rate 71.3 70.1 1.0 -1.2 -2.4 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.6 12.1 0.8 1.5 6.9 ... ...
Employment rate 63.8 61.6 1.1 -2.2 -7.1 ... ...
Greater Sudbury, Ontario              
Population 140.9 140.8 ... -0.1 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4
Labour force 86.3 85.7 0.8 -0.6 -3.7 -0.7 -4.1
Employment 79.7 79.1 0.9 -0.6 -5.5 -0.8 -6.5
Unemployment 6.6 6.6 0.4 0.0 1.8 0.0 37.5
Participation rate 61.2 60.9 0.6 -0.3 -2.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.6 7.7 0.4 0.1 2.3 ... ...
Employment rate 56.6 56.2 0.6 -0.4 -3.6 ... ...
Thunder Bay, Ontario              
Population 104.1 104.1 ... 0.0 -0.6 0.0 -0.6
Labour force 64.0 64.2 0.6 0.2 -2.2 0.3 -3.3
Employment 59.2 59.3 0.6 0.1 -3.8 0.2 -6.0
Unemployment 4.8 4.9 0.3 0.1 1.6 2.1 48.5
Participation rate 61.5 61.7 0.6 0.2 -1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.5 7.6 0.4 0.1 2.6 ... ...
Employment rate 56.9 57.0 0.6 0.1 -3.3 ... ...
Winnipeg, Manitoba              
Population 708.0 708.4 ... 0.4 6.6 0.1 0.9
Labour force 475.0 470.5 1.5 -4.5 -1.1 -0.9 -0.2
Employment 436.3 430.8 1.6 -5.5 -15.9 -1.3 -3.6
Unemployment 38.7 39.7 0.9 1.0 14.8 2.6 59.4
Participation rate 67.1 66.4 0.2 -0.7 -0.8 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.1 8.4 0.2 0.3 3.1 ... ...
Employment rate 61.6 60.8 0.2 -0.8 -2.9 ... ...
Regina, Saskatchewan              
Population 216.8 217.0 ... 0.2 3.0 0.1 1.4
Labour force 149.3 147.7 1.1 -1.6 -1.3 -1.1 -0.9
Employment 141.2 138.4 1.1 -2.8 -1.7 -2.0 -1.2
Unemployment 8.1 9.3 0.6 1.2 0.3 14.8 3.3
Participation rate 68.9 68.1 0.5 -0.8 -1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 5.4 6.3 0.4 0.9 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 65.1 63.8 0.5 -1.3 -1.7 ... ...
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan              
Population 283.0 283.4 ... 0.4 5.2 0.1 1.9
Labour force 191.2 191.7 1.2 0.5 -0.4 0.3 -0.2
Employment 176.3 176.1 1.2 -0.2 -5.0 -0.1 -2.8
Unemployment 14.9 15.5 0.7 0.6 4.5 4.0 40.9
Participation rate 67.6 67.6 0.4 0.0 -1.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 7.8 8.1 0.4 0.3 2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 62.3 62.1 0.4 -0.2 -3.0 ... ...
Calgary, Alberta              
Population 1,307.6 1,309.4 ... 1.8 23.4 0.1 1.8
Labour force 958.7 954.0 4.7 -4.7 19.7 -0.5 2.1
Employment 856.0 855.0 4.9 -1.0 -13.3 -0.1 -1.5
Unemployment 102.6 99.0 3.2 -3.6 33.0 -3.5 50.0
Participation rate 73.3 72.9 0.4 -0.4 0.2 ... ...
Unemployment rate 10.7 10.4 0.3 -0.3 3.3 ... ...
Employment rate 65.5 65.3 0.4 -0.2 -2.2 ... ...
Edmonton, Alberta              
Population 1,216.2 1,217.8 ... 1.6 20.8 0.1 1.7
Labour force 826.2 832.5 4.5 6.3 -27.6 0.8 -3.2
Employment 732.7 739.8 4.8 7.1 -51.0 1.0 -6.4
Unemployment 93.5 92.8 3.1 -0.7 23.4 -0.7 33.7
Participation rate 67.9 68.4 0.4 0.5 -3.5 ... ...
Unemployment rate 11.3 11.1 0.4 -0.2 3.0 ... ...
Employment rate 60.2 60.7 0.4 0.5 -5.4 ... ...
Kelowna, British Columbia               
Population 170.8 171.1 ... 0.3 3.5 0.2 2.1
Labour force 110.1 111.6 1.6 1.5 3.5 1.4 3.2
Employment 104.9 106.6 1.5 1.7 3.0 1.6 2.9
Unemployment 5.2 5.0 0.7 -0.2 0.5 -3.8 11.1
Participation rate 64.5 65.2 1.0 0.7 0.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 4.7 4.5 0.6 -0.2 0.3 ... ...
Employment rate 61.4 62.3 0.9 0.9 0.5 ... ...
Abbotsford–Mission, British Columbia              
Population 162.9 163.1 ... 0.2 4.0 0.1 2.5
Labour force 106.2 107.7 0.9 1.5 0.6 1.4 0.6
Employment 97.5 98.7 0.9 1.2 -3.2 1.2 -3.1
Unemployment 8.6 9.0 0.4 0.4 3.8 4.7 73.1
Participation rate 65.2 66.0 0.6 0.8 -1.3 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.1 8.4 0.4 0.3 3.5 ... ...
Employment rate 59.9 60.5 0.6 0.6 -3.5 ... ...
Vancouver, British Columbia               
Population 2,329.1 2,331.3 ... 2.2 40.4 0.1 1.8
Labour force 1,520.5 1,534.0 6.3 13.5 -12.8 0.9 -0.8
Employment 1,397.9 1,420.8 6.5 22.9 -51.6 1.6 -3.5
Unemployment 122.6 113.2 3.7 -9.4 38.7 -7.7 51.9
Participation rate 65.3 65.8 0.3 0.5 -1.7 ... ...
Unemployment rate 8.1 7.4 0.2 -0.7 2.6 ... ...
Employment rate 60.0 60.9 0.3 0.9 -3.4 ... ...
Victoria, British Columbia               
Population 328.4 328.8 ... 0.4 5.4 0.1 1.7
Labour force 206.0 203.7 1.9 -2.3 -2.0 -1.1 -1.0
Employment 193.0 191.9 1.9 -1.1 -6.9 -0.6 -3.5
Unemployment 13.0 11.8 0.7 -1.2 4.9 -9.2 71.0
Participation rate 62.7 62.0 0.6 -0.7 -1.6 ... ...
Unemployment rate 6.3 5.8 0.3 -0.5 2.4 ... ...
Employment rate 58.8 58.4 0.6 -0.4 -3.1 ... ...
...
not applicable
Note(s):
The sum of individual categories may not always add up to the total as a result of rounding.
Source(s):
Table 14-10-0294-02 (formerly CANSIM table 282-0135).

Table note 1

Average standard error of change between two consecutive months. See the "Data Quality" section of the Guide to the Labour Force Survey (Catalogue number71-543-G) for more information.
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