Population Projections for Canada (2018 to 2068), Provinces and Territories (2018 to 2043)
Glossary

Baby boom:
Cohort of individuals born between 1946 and 1965 in Canada.

Base population:
Population used as the starting point for a projection.

Centenarians:
Persons aged 100 years and over.

Child dependency ratio:
The number of persons aged 14 years and under per 100 persons aged 15 to 64 years.

Cohort:
Represents a group of persons who have experienced a specific demographic event for a given period that may be one year. For example, the married cohort of 1966 consists of the number of persons who married in 1966.

Components of population growth:
Each of the classes of events generating population changes. Births, deaths and migration are the components that modify the size of the total population, as well as its composition by age and sex, for example.

Demographic dependency ratio:
The number of persons aged 14 years and under and 65 years and over per 100 persons aged 15 to 64 years.

Emigration:
The sum of all Canadian citizens or landed immigrants who leave Canada to settle permanently in another country.

Fertility:
Demographic phenomenon in relation to live births which can be considered from the point of view of women, men or couples.

Immigration:
Sum of all entries into Canada of landed immigrants from other countries, involving a change in usual place of residence.

International migration:
Sum of all movements of persons between Canada and a foreign country which involve a change in the usual place of residence.

Interprovincial migration:
Sum of all movements of persons within Canada's provincial/territorial boundaries involving a change in usual place of residence.

Life expectancy:
A statistical measure derived from the life table indicating the average number of years of life remaining for a population at a specific age, if the people comprising that population would experience the mortality rates observed in a given year during their lives.

Median age:
An age x, such that exactly one half of the population is older than x and the other half is younger than x.

Migratory increase:
Change in the size of a population owing to the difference between the number of migrants who settle within a geographic area and the number of migrants who leave that same area during a given period.

Natural increase:
Change in the size of a population owing to the difference between the number of births and the number of deaths during a given period.

Net emigration:
The sum of emigration, minus return emigration, plus net temporary emigration.

Non-permanent residents:
Persons who had a work or study permit or who were refugee claimants, and family members living in Canada with them.

Older seniors:
Persons aged 80 years and over.

Population increase:
Change in the size of a population between two dates.

Population projection:
Future population size resulting from a set of assumptions regarding the demographic and non-demographic components of growth.

Population pyramid:
Bar chart that shows the distribution of a population by age and sex.

Return emigration:
Canadian citizens or landed immigrants who emigrated from Canada and returned to settle there.

Senior dependency ratio:
The number of persons aged 65 years and over per 100 persons aged 15 to 64 years.

Senior population:
Persons aged 65 years and over.

Temporary emigration:
Canadian citizens or landed immigrants who are living abroad temporarily and no longer have a usual place of residence in Canada.

Total fertility rate:
Sum of age-specific fertility rates that can be observed during specific periods in order to obtain the period total fertility rate (PTFR), or, over the course of the reproductive life of a cohort of women, to obtain the cohort total fertility rate (CTFR), also known as cohort completed fertility. The indicator provides an average number of children by woman, given that she would survive thorough the end of the reproductive age span and would experience a given set of age-specific fertility rates.