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Statistics Canada - Government of Canada
Table D-9
Self-regulation of learning – Means and standard errors (SE) for work effort score by child and family characteristics at age 5
  Work effort score
Mean score
Standard error (SE)
Total (n=3,849)
4.2
0.03
Sex of child (n=3,849)
Female
4.3
0.04
Male
4.1
0.04
Household income level (n=3,849)
Below low income cut-off (LICO) (level 1)
4.1
0.07
LICO to less than 2 times LICO (level 2)
4.1
0.05
Two times LICO to less than 3 times LICO (level 3)
4.3
0.05
Three times LICO or above (level 4)
4.2
0.06
Parent education level (n=3,791)
High school or less
4.1
0.05
More than high school
4.2
0.03
Family structure (n=3,849)
One-parent family
4.1
0.07
Two-parent family
4.2
0.03
Country of birth of parent (n=3,771)
Parent born outside Canada
4.4
0.07
Parent born in Canada
4.1
0.03
Kindergarten attendance (n=3,774)
Not in kindergarten
4.0
0.08
In kindergarten
4.2
0.03
Community size (n=3,849)
Rural (level 1)
4.1
0.07
Under 30,000 (level 2)
4.2
0.05
30,000 to under 100,000 (level 3)
4.1
0.06
100,000 to under 500,000 (level 4)
4.2
0.07
500,000 and over (level 5)
4.2
0.04
Province of residence (n=3,849)
Newfoundland and Labrador
4.3
0.06
Prince Edward Island
4.1
0.11
Nova Scotia
4.1
0.07
New Brunswick
4.3
0.08
Quebec
4.1
0.06
Ontario
4.2
0.05
Manitoba
4.1
0.11
Saskatchewan
4.0
0.08
Alberta
4.1
0.08
British Columbia
4.2
0.06
Notes
Numbers vary due to missing data for some child and family characteristics.
LICO refers to the low income cut-off.
Data source: Statistics Canada, National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, 2002/2003.
Table source: Statistics Canada, 2006, Readiness to Learn at School Among Five-year-old Children in Canada, Number 4 in the Children and Youth Research Paper Series, catalogue number 89-599-XWE2006004.