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Statistics Canada - Government of Canada
Table D-62
Self-control of behaviour – Means and standard errors (SE) for self-control of behaviour score at age 3 and for difference between age 3 and age 5, by sex of child and household income level
  Self-control of behaviour score
Mean score age 3
Standard error (SE)
Difference age 3 to age 5
Standard error (SE)
Total (n=3,759)
5.2
0.04
+0.24
0.04
Sex of child
Female
5.3
0.05
+0.382
0.04
Male
5.2
0.05
+0.11
0.06
Household income level
Below low income cut-off (LICO) (level 1)
5.01
0.09
+0.26
0.09
LICO to less than 2 times LICO (level 2)
5.2
0.06
+0.27
0.07
Two times LICO to less than 3 times LICO (level 3)
5.3
0.07
+0.24
0.07
Three times LICO or above (level 4)
5.5
0.07
+0.18
0.08
1. Statistically significant and substantive difference between level 1 and level 4.
2. Statistically significant difference between levels.
Notes
Statistical significance: p<0.01 for differences between 2 levels of sex of child; p<0.008 for differences among 4 levels of household income level (nominal significance level of p<0.05 adjusted for multiple comparisons).
Substantive differences are defined as mean differences of 0.25 of a standard deviation (0.25 SD) or more, as follows: for self-control of behaviour score at age 3, 0.25 SD=0.40; for difference score age 3 to age 5, 0.25 SD=0.43.
LICO refers to the low income cut-off.
Data source: Statistics Canada, National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, 2002/2003.
Table source: Statistics Canada, 2006, Readiness to Learn at School Among Five-year-old Children in Canada, Number 4 in the Children and Youth Research Paper Series, catalogue number 89-599-XWE2006004.