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| Number knowledge score | ||
|---|---|---|
Mean score |
Standard error (SE) |
|
| Total (n=3,560) | 99.1 |
0.33 |
| Sex of child (n=3,560) | ||
| Female | 99.5 |
0.43 |
| Male | 98.8 |
0.53 |
| Household income level (n=3,560) | ||
| Below low income cut-off (LICO) (level 1) | 94.61 |
0.74 |
| LICO to less than 2 times LICO (level 2) | 98.21 |
0.52 |
| Two times LICO to less than 3 times LICO (level 3) | 100.7 |
0.54 |
| Three times LICO or above (level 4) | 102.5 |
0.71 |
| Parent education level (n=3,537) | ||
| High school or less | 96.02 |
0.53 |
| More than high school | 100.8 |
0.42 |
| Family structure (n=3,560) | ||
| One-parent family | 95.92 |
0.81 |
| Two-parent family | 99.7 |
0.35 |
| Country of birth of parent (n=3,501) | ||
| Parent born outside Canada | 99.7 |
0.73 |
| Parent born in Canada | 99.0 |
0.36 |
| Kindergarten attendance (n=3,558) | ||
| Not in kindergarten | 96.8 |
0.87 |
| In kindergarten | 99.4 |
0.35 |
| Community size (n=3,560) | ||
| Rural (level 1) | 97.2 |
0.93 |
| Under 30,000 (level 2) | 99.0 |
0.75 |
| 30,000 to under 100,000 (level 3) | 97.9 |
1.02 |
| 100,000 to under 500,000 (level 4) | 99.8 |
1.01 |
| 500,000 and over (level 5) | 99.7 |
0.47 |
| Province of residence (n=3,560) | ||
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 101.03 |
1.09 |
| Prince Edward Island | 100.1 |
1.32 |
| Nova Scotia | 98.4 |
1.72 |
| New Brunswick | 97.13 |
1.11 |
| Quebec | 96.03 |
0.58 |
| Ontario | 102.13 |
0.61 |
| Manitoba | 98.2 |
1.51 |
| Saskatchewan | 97.5 |
1.43 |
| Alberta | 97.9 |
0.91 |
| British Columbia | 97.5 |
0.81 |
| 1. Statistically significant and substantive differences between level 1 and levels 2, 3, 4; and between level 2 and level 4. 2. Statistically significant and substantive difference between levels. 3. Statistically significant and substantive difference between Newfoundland and Labrador and Quebec; between New Brunswick and Ontario; between Quebec and Ontario; between Ontario and Alberta, British Columbia. No other provincial differences were statistically significant at p<0.001. |
||
| Notes Statistical significance: p<0.01 for differences between 2 levels of parent education level and family structure; p<0.008 for differences among 4 levels of household income level (nominal significance level of p<0.05 adjusted for multiple comparisons). Statistical significance: p<0.001 for differences among 10 levels of province of residence (nominal significance level of p<0.05 adjusted for multiple comparisons). Substantive differences are defined as mean differences of 0.25 of a standard deviation (0.25 SD) or more, as follows: for number knowledge score at age 5, 0.25 SD=3.47. Numbers vary due to missing data for some child and family characteristics. LICO refers to the low income cut-off. |
||
| Data source: Statistics Canada, National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, 2002/2003. | ||
| Table source: Statistics Canada, 2006, Readiness to Learn at School Among Five-year-old Children in Canada, Number 4 in the Children and Youth Research Paper Series, catalogue number 89-599-XWE2006004. | ||